chrono 1/3/06 I of T.W.ward 1258. GBD birth: Dec.29, 1853 y Party Vacationan HOT-1855. Death of T.W.ward. 1258 GBD birth: Hea24, 1853 Tracy Party Vacatroson HOI-1855. I was born, December 29th 1853 at Jamaica Plain. mass. of Boston. my mother's shames was many I am the Son of Charles H. Dorr Boston. Gray Ward, the daughter of Thomas W. Ivaid of to america and sellied in the town of Roxbury my ancestor, Edward Don, came about the year 1660 his son Edebard Dort, ; his Son, Joseph Don. was a ninister in the town of judge in the u.s. circuit court for workester county his son, Samuel Dorr, was a merchant in the city of Boston his son, Charles H. Dorr, grand daughterof William ward and of is my father. my mother was the Samuel they of Salem. old ; in Boston, until my college I lived in Jamaica Plain until seven years course. I prepared for college at the school of E.S. Dixebell of Boston. I entered college at the age of Sexteen. I passed the greater part of my senior year in Europe. I was a member of Institute of 1770, during my Sophorhore year. in no. 18 Harvald Block, chelmming with During my Fresh man year I roomed David Sears, of Boston my last Three years I nonned in no. 18 Holyoke House, alone. for a couple of years. and, for after that, church, in Boston. I intend to Study abroud When about 15 years old I joined the Efiscope my plans are undecided George Bucknam Dorr Jr. Thomas W. Ward to John G. Ward. Smpt. Boston, January 15, 1854. My dear John, dr The last letter I see on file from you is of the 26th October. I wrote soon after Martha's death of the warth since deith? you and this and since acknowledged yours of 26th October, etc., but do not find any copies. We have since heard of you through Mr. Haggerty. Make our kindest regards to Mrs. Haggerty and the young ladies if you are with them. CBD's birth We are all well. Mary has another fine boy and is as happy as possible. I suppose you may be soon leaving Paris for Italy. The newspapers will give you all the public news, politics, business, weather, acci- dents, etc. . Your mother has not felt like going out socially and we have kept very quiet & comfortable at home. She sometimes talks of crossing the water again next summer but we cannot see far. I do not recollect if I have mentioned to you T.W3 Library that I have my library in fine order; about 1200 choice volumes (including some of yours) which, with the Atheneum & Mr. Ticknor close by, is all I want. My difficulty so far is want of time. And yet I read a great deal and if I had your memory I should accomplish (January 15, 1854) 2. much, notwithstanding the constant pressure of passing events & daily cares, and the recollection of a life so full of interest & incidents as mine has been. My time has never passed so rapidly, and when I find how many from the highest to the lowest of my friends and ac- quaintances have passed away within a very few years, I am admonished to be ready when called, and to have as little as possible to do but to make myself and others as happy as I can while I stay and do what good I can quietly. The Chief Justice always recollects you with great kindness and interest, and Lemuel also. With the greatest affection from us all, we are Ever yours, T. W. Ward. J. G. Ward, Paris. Thomas W. Ward to John G. Ward Dryth Boston, August 26, 1852. My dear John, On my return from an excursion with your mother, I found your letter of 31 July and notice your intention to pass a year in Vienna. Many of the European capitals seem to present whatever is required for the cultivation of all tastes in a quiet and agreeable manner. I note what you say of Shakespeare, which is quite just. I have lately taken uo the Life and Letters of Niebuhr in which I have become much interested. He was a most extraordinary man & combined qualities rarely found united, and applied his great power to the objects for which they were best suited. Mr. Thomas Baring is probably on the way to make us a short visit. I have not seen him for 23 years. While he is here arrangements will probably be made for my retiring at the end of this year. I shall then require some occupation as substitute for business; in some sort a necessity to me to fill up my time. But SO far I have found a use for all my leisure. Your mother would, I think, A leading German historian, critic & thinker whose work lay in the field of ancient history, Roman and other. (August 26, 1852) 2. like a small inexpensive farm with a garden, flowers, garden fruits, etc., and this I think I, too, should like. We shall see. We are all well and everything looks well and we are agreeably situated. Sam seems well suited to the business he has chosen and our London friends, I think, are highly satisfied with him. Anna is at Lynn and in good health for her. She is full of energy and spirit and devoted to us all, and recollects you with great interest. Ton is on an excursion in Canada. It is not unlikely some arrangements may be made hereafter for establishing him in New York in connexion with George's house. He reminds us constantly of you. [What with steam, telegraphs and gold everything and everybody seems to be in a state of hurry and excite- Exc. of, ment and the changes are so great, sudden and unlooked them for that I am often led to inquire, "Where is the world the into which I was born?" Nothing seems constant but change on eve f, feith ] In this state of things there is much to regrst and much to hope. [on the one hand there is the recklessness of human life in the competition of Railroads and Steam Boats. & The loose gambling and great speculating which prevails and the absence of the familiar restraints in the common transactions of life, and frauds in matters of trust and business; coarse conduct and fighting in the halls of Legislation and a lowering of the standard of the public press are bringing all the rowdyism in men to the surface. on the other hand, there is the general prosperity and bettering the condition of the great masses of the people; the almost inconceivable increase of wealth and capital; the stimulus to industry, to invention; the increasing intelligence and energy; advancement of education, religion and temperance; the levelling upwards -- all give great hope for the future and indicate that 20 years hence the influence of the United States on the world will be very great and beneficial. But we cannot see far. If I were young I should, I think, wish to live as long as I could to gratify my curiosity as to the future. There is much to observe and to study for one of a philosophical and well stored mind like yours. And there must be a high gratification in being out of the great current of affairs and in studying the philosophy of life and its conditions. Yours truly, Thomas W. Ward. To John G. Ward, Esquire of Boston, U. S. A., at Vienna. Mission & History | Laurel Hill Association Page 1 of 3 HILL 1853 (/) Mission & History HISTORICAL NOTES The oldest existing village improvement society in the United States, the Laurel Hill Association was founded in 1853. The purpose of the organization is to "do such things as shall serve to improve the quality of life and of the environment in the town of Stockbridge." By maintaining over 460 acres of Association properties and recreational trails, by planting trees and flowers, by cooperating with town authorities for community welfare, by providing educational scholarships, and by coordinating with other organizations to preserve the approaches to the Town, the Laurel Hill Association helps to preserve the attractive character of Stockbridge The First Meeting - 1853 On August 22nd a notice was posted in the public places of the village inviting all citizens to assemble on Laurel Hill on Wednesday the 24th to take measures for the improvement of the burying ground, the streets, walks, public grounds and Laurel Hill. The Founder Mary Hopkins Goodrich, with her passion for appearances and her executive ability, was the founder and inspiration of the Laurel Hill Association. In that first year, aided by generous citizens, Mary Hopkins Goodrich raised more than a thousand dollars and planted more than 400 trees. The society transformed Stockbridge from a rough, shabby village (muddy main road full of ruts and roaming cows, bare common, and dreary cemetery all brambles and weeds) into the handsome orderly town now admired by visitors. https://laurelhillassociation.org/mission-history 5/21/2018 Mission & History | Laurel Hill Association Page 2 of 3 LAUREL HILL PROPERTIES 461 total acres. The properties are listed below in descending size order (acreage shown in parenthesis). STOCKBRIDGE Sedgwick Reservation and Laura's Tower (240) - east of Ice Glen Four Corners (48) - southeast of the Rtes. IO2 and 183 intersection West Dale Preserve (35) - southwest of West Dale Rd. and Rte. IO2 Tuckerman Meadow (28) - south of West Main, leased to the Golf Club Dwight Meadow (14) - north of West Main, leased to the Golf Club Field Arboretum (9) - junction of Old Meetinghouse and North Church Chestnut Preserve (9) - between Route 7 and the Ice Glen Road wetlands Byron Preserve (7) - along Rte. 183, a bit north of the Rockwell Museum Laurel Hill Park (including Rostrum and Butler Seat) (6) - between the Town Offices and Park Street Moerschner Preserve (4) - on the Lee Road, straddling the Lee line Railroad Station Park (2) - parcel in front of the Train Station Shamrock Woods (2) -Shamrock St., across from & donated by Mary Flynn Deely Parcel (1) - on Cherry Street, the 11th hole, leased to the Golf Club Goodrich Park and Memorial Bridge (.25) - at the end of Park Street INTERLAKEN Pagenstecker Park (2) - south of the old red-brick store along Rte. 183 GLENDALE Lower Bowker's Woods (37) - north of the Glendale Middle Road Upper Bowker's Woods (16) - across from the Rockwell Museum entrance Rockwell Museum Grant (5) - between Butler Road and Housatonic River Roeder Park and Gazebo (.8) - site of the old Glendale Store Properties not owned, but maintained and/or planted: Cat & Dog Fountain Civil War Monument Ice Glen Jonathan Edwards Memorial Post Office Watering Trough https://laurelhillassociation.org/mission-history 5/21/2018 mount VernonLadies' Association was the first not not hystoric preservation Geny Washington Monthernon death fell into disuse in had A fanif member nonetheless travelers come to see it ad efforts to provide care at failed In 1853, Lousa Bird Cunninghome traded up PHttomac River t was stuck f its appearance Winte her daughter ann Pamela that "if the men of the U.S. would not Some the home of its greatest citizen, perhaps It should be the responsibility of the women, An daughter was gelvraged the challenged th women of the South to the enter country convincing GW'S discendent to sell it after the ladee Misid $200,000. Tooh we operation in 1860. - -R.H. Epp. Aug. 2009 3/2/19 (1853) mary g. Hapkins establishe the first or Hage improvement Society in Stockbridge (MA) See: #5 - The Craftsman 5 Feb. 1904) 423-432 - may G. Hopkear of the Origins of Village Inprodement in Massochuntts Kirin J. Makker. Landocape found 34,#1 (2015):1-14 R.H. ERP. From the Boston Transcript, Feb'y 23d, 1858. We regret to learn that Thomas W. Ward, Esq., of this city -is dangerously ill at his residence in Park street. Mr Ward is widely known from his long connection with Harvard College, and the Boston Athenaeum, having served as treasurer of both institutions. He was the New England Agent of the Barings for many years. Obituary of Thomas W. Ward, Esq., Boston, March 1858, We are pained to have to announce the death of Thomas Wren Ward, Ean., which took place at his residence in Park street in this. city yesterday morning, at the age of 71 years. Mr Ward was the son of Captain William Ward, and was born in Salem in the year 1787. In early life, he for several years followed the business of a mariner, and became first officer of a shin of which his father was commander, in which profession he proved himself so efficient, active and energetic that at the age of nineteen he was placed in command of an Indiaman belonging to the Hon. William Gray. About the year 1810 he 23yrs removed to Boston, where he established himself in business and became one of the most enterprising and successful merchants 29 yrs. of that time. He continued in business by himself until 1816, when he became a partner in the house of Willier and Hardv Ropes, under the style of Ropes & Ward. This partnership was contin- 38 you about nine years, when Mr Ward withdrew, having been appointed agent in this city for the house of Messrs. Baring Brothers of 2 Obituary of Mr Ward Continued, London, a post of great responsibility, the duties of which he discharged with much ability and fidelity, until recently, when ill health compelled him to relinquish it. He has been for many years a prominent and influential citizen, and has held various offices of great trust and responsibility, From 1830 to 1842 he was Treasurer of Harvard College, and in 1843 the College conferred upon him the honorary degree of Master of Arts. He was also, for many years, Treasurer of the Boston Athenaeum, and was a Trustee of the Massachisetts General Hospital. He was a man of strict integrity, of great enterprise and uncommon business capacity, and much respected in the community. DEATH OF THOMAS W. WARD. The death of this well-known citizen took place this morning, at his residence in Park street. Mr Ward has been largely connected with financial matters in this city for a long period. He was treasurer of the Boston Athenaeum and of Harvard College many years, and served in both capacities in a manner to elicit high commendation. As the resident agent of Baring Brothers, Mr Ward had extensive deal- ings with business men. He has always occupied a high position among the merchants of Boston, having many years been a member of the well-known firm of Ropes & Ward. He was formerly a Trustee of the Massachusetts General Hospital, and took much in- terest in our literary and charitable institutions. He was seventy-one years of age. May 22, 1938 Subject: Country home at Canton. The old Nichols he se at Canton where my grand- mother lived was a pleasant 6xx house of the old Salem type fronting sunnily to the south over the meadowland below and with a cool veranda on the north which in the #11016 Nichols' time opened directly onto the level garden where the old c) mos of perennial flowers I have spoken of came up through the grass to which the garden had been sowed down when a new and larger one was made for my grandmother at the head of the meadow and the foot of a bank some twenty five or thirty feet in heighth which sloned southward from the level on which the house was placed. The eastern side of the house, fronting toward Pleasant Street had at its center a trellis porch covered with fragrant honeyauekle which was the true entrance to the house opening onto a wide, straw-matted hallway with the dining and sitting room opening onto it and a broad, easy stairway to the floor above. It was really delightfully planned but It needed the lost garden to give full meaning to the plan and a larger living than my grandmothers' was 2. Canton at the time I knew her with my grandfather and the children gone. Basides the honeysuckled perch which bloomed - throughout the summer, frequented by bumble bees and bees, and the flowers that came un in the grass where the old garden had been on the north, mowed only for hay at the end of June 30 that the plants had plenty of time to meture there seasonal growth, de there was $9.66 the path that led from the driveway to the porch a fine ald spruce tree around which, half hidden by its drooping branches a fine bed, checkering the trunk, of lilies of the valley, old as the Nichol's garden doubtless and never, so for as I know, dug up or disturbed, The shade of the tree kent the grass away, the spills annually dropping, te ot the rich soil that had been given it and the tree when both were planted much in summer and it was a cool delight to me always when it bloomed in early June. My grandmother, with a passion for gardening which her life in the city gave no opportunity for gratifying, had a green house and a grapehouse, the latter unheated beyond what was necessary to keep the vines from frost and they produced the most delicious grapes I have ever known, ripening seasonally at the 3. summer's end. There were large full- Hambur & grapes and delic ous Muscrats, full of flavor. No graces or other fruit ripen in greenhouses under arti- ficial heat can e compare with those thus grown under natural conditions. My grandmother had peaches, too, grown in great tubs that gave the trees abundant soil and room for root-growth, which were wintered and kept under cover in a separate cool greenhouse, unheated, till warm weather came in spring and the danger from frosts was over, then wheeled out and the peaches left to ripen in the warmeth of the sunney, wind sheltered garden. They too were the most delicious I have ever esten, none greehouse-grown comparing with them. Large, juicy and ripe when they were gathered, the skin peeled off of them while juicy drops fell down. It is many years since I have tasted such -- never, ,perhaps, since those days. But my father told me that such ceäches grew in peach orchards around Boston, as fine as my grandmother's and finer there could not be, which he also knew "hy they should have seased to grow since then in our Massachusetts region is a mystery: my father thought it might be the desease they call 'the yellow' which drove it south. But even from the south we cannot get fine peaches now, sold in the market, nor 4. do I believe. such peaches grow anywhere to such flavor and perfection. grandmother's garden, surrounded by an eight foot railing to keep boys and other derrotators out, had no beauty whatever for background and setting but it grew beautiful flowers and magnificent great straw- berries which her gardener, Joseph Clark, did his best to keep the finest of for the Horticulural Shows, where my grandmother, indeed, took many prizes, and which I did my best to plunder. 11/1/ In the autumn when we came back from our summer's outing to the seaside or from Lenox there would be execellent pears, gathered before the frosts came on and stored to riven in certain drawers in. the house which I knew well, Bartletts and Sickles and juicy Beurres Bosques which my Dorr relations used to grow, and equally well, at herox but which cannot be grown successfully in the XO climate of Northern Maine -- ripening fair on the outstate they rot at the center. But Maine grows the finest apples in the world, so far as quality and flavor are concerned though Oregon and eastern Washington may ripen them to finer color. Each section here and abroad has its own fruit which it grows to a perfection not to be equalled elsewhere. 5. There was much rivallry in those days among a group of amateur horticulurists who exhibited in the Boston Flower. Show. They were, for the most part, men of wealth spending largely on their gardens and greenhouses, but my grandmother and her gardener, HANG who coming ALTA 23 an untrained boy, she had trained through the 'nterest in her garden till he became one of the best gardeners in the country, took many prizes though it was to on care, not greator cost, that won them. That was a great 1 period for horticulture in Boston, the country around which within driving distance was full of country seats. The development of the seacoast for country homes came later, when railroads made it possible and easy. Those springs 1/1/16 at Canton with their long afternoons, half-holidays on Saturdays and the whole of Sunday, for there was no Church out there which we attended, were a great education, teaching us to love the country and the wilderness about us without need of company. A source of greatest interest during several years collection at this time was making a as did a number of my friends at school, of birds! eggs. We did not despoil the nest but took only one, or two at the most 6. perhaps, if the batch was large, acting on the theory that the birds could not count and would know the difference If we did not take too many. This I think is doubtless time; it 18 the invaston of their privacy, their secrecy, rather than the loss of an egg or two which the birds pesent. They would come back quickly 13 the neat in general if we did not come too often But one unfortunate experience I had which left an solding regret. Then we first came out to occupy our new home at Carton, it had been vacant for some years, my uncle who occupied it before us no longer doing go, and the birds had grown accustomed to gegard- ing it as wild, free from the threat of man and a Scarlet Tanger, the male of sclendid hue, had built in the branch of an loak tree near the house and I climbed up and took un egg, one only. out of three or four, but the bird abandoned the eggs and never returned. I never ceased to regret it. They are as rare as they are beautiful and I have never seen but few in all my life, once only at Bur Herbor. The most beautiful songster we had at Canton, and that abundantly, was the brown thrush who nested freely in our woods. Another bird not uncommon there, whose eggs I never collected, for the nests 7. were hard to reach, wether for boys or squirrels, was the Baltimore oriole, who hung pendant nests from the tip of plants. slender things, on elm trees generally. Sometimes I got old nests the birds had left to see how wonderfully they were constructed and suspended. Swaying in the wind, they were ?een and almost arching over to keep the esgs from falling as the bows the nests were attached to tossed in the wind. And they had to be well woven, strong and light -- marvels of construction which millions of years and countless mishaps have taught the birds to make. The intelligence they show in the selection of material to build with horsehairs if they C an a find them favorite choice is as remarkable as their skill in using them, with their beaks alone as tools. . Other birds that ge e me frequent thrill nested, like the humming bird, in tufted hummocks on the meadows, their nests completely till they flew away, if I came toc dangerously near, exposing them. These, ar egg or two once collected, I never disturbed, taking a look and passing quickly on; then stopping to watch the birds return. Except for some marauding serpent or some clumsy footed man, these neats were admirably placed. 8. There was a book very popular among the boys at school, those who had homes as ourselves in the country, called 'The Boys of Chequasett' which tells of a family moving out into the country to live and the friendliness of their nei hbors, among whome is 3 boy who teaches the city boys the ways of the country, but especially how to collect bird's eves without alarming the birds or wronging then. It was en admirable book, exactly suited to our age and needs and it must have saved many a bird's nest from wholesele plundering. Not far from our home near where Pleasant Street branched off at/right angles from the road to Boston there was an oldtime country church and alongside it 8 groveyard with the graven names of early settlers upon the stone. Just beyondt to the north the plain broke deeply down a hundred fact or more to the base level of the marghes and there, et the bystt of the high banks E spring, the only one in the neighborhood, Issued with of constant flow, not large but never failing, and & besin had been built below it and a water ramp installed which numbed the water un not used for power, to fill 9 Crinking broth in our pasture and supply some neighboring house. It was a spot that had great fascination for me with the broad Neponsett Mountains beyond and never a house to ses. The graveyard on the level plain above and the upper portion of the banks were clothed with primeval pines, pines that had grown there for the first settlers came, and they gave great character to the spot. Then one unfortunate day the governing board of the church, plain farming people, made a trip to Mount Aubrun, Boston's great burial ground on the Charles, and returned with their heads full of enthusiaam foo marble monuments and bare hillocks. So -- wood being profitable and labor cheap they ordered the old pines cut down and the whole YEARLY character of the besutiful old groveyard vanished; I never cared to visit it &gain. Anoth or source of great eosi unionship and pleasure to me there were dogs. 30 favorable were the conditions for birdlife in wide 77 variety in the regions west of Boston that bred up in 3 ilar freedom to by own in similar country at least two of the boys of 01₫ oston and colonial families, William Brewster, and II. D. Kinoi, became dist nguished onthologists and much of the support given them to the birdlife conservation in the east came from those who 10. learnet 30 know and love the birds as boys and girls in the pleasant sprintime of our region. Thelr return conineiding with the coming of the leaves and wildflovers; their song 30 various and musical, coured forthas though in pure delight at the new wave of life when sorine was springing; their beauty In any forms, and the artfulness of their nest building, the wonder of their eggs providing such beautiful and varied shelter for the life during the critical embryomic period and the ha by springtime hours spent in search and observation were a greater influence than any chooling in the development of our minds and characters. Another delight of the stringtine and our home at Canton were the wildflowers, less numbrous in variety and species than at Mount Desert cr Lenox, mor- veried in typography and soil, but abuniant and A joy to eather and bring home. Violots and columbines and the white flowering were the chief of these, the violets and car eting upland and meadowland where grasses did not grow too thick; the columbines, with their red and yellow flower3, growing in half shaded rocky places -- a treasure to find -- yet seeding themselves and springing up afresh, end X MHS Thomas When Ward Papers. B 13.F5. 167. Transcript of Diary, 1827-1853. I said, "My darling, you are going where there is happy & quiet rest." She held up her hands again and smiled. She attempted once or twice to speak, but had not strength. From 5 to 6 a. m. she appeared unconscious and in a quiet sleep and gradually ceased to breathe at 6 a. m. God's will be done. Nov'r 3, I do not think Martha had an enemy. I never 1853. heard of one, nor can I imagine it. She had warm friends wherever she was known. Nov'r 5. I sent a check for $500 to Dr. Jackson, not con- 185-3 sulting my own feeling only but what I knew would be the wish of Martha, and feeling it to be a privilege besides to contribute to the stream of a bounty so often called on and so freely exercised as his. Sunday, Delightful summer weather. My birthday, 64 Nov'r 20. years old. Thursday, Reading Aristotle's Ethics. Dec'r 22d. No snow yet this season in Boston or vicinity. Dr Hum disporte 168. Sunday, Pleasant; thermometer from 25° to 30°. Julia Dec'r 25th, 1853. Howe's poems, a Christmas present. Christmas. Monday, Beginning to snow, for first time this year! Dec'r 26th. Family gathering at J J. Bowditch's, 23 grandchildren and parents. Christmas tree. Tuesday, First sleighing. Bought Spectator, Guardian, Dec'r 27th. / 153 & Tatler - 12 volumes; & Campbell's Lives of Chief Justices, 2 Volumes - good print. 1853 Wednesday, My father's birthday. He would have been 92 Dec'r 28th. Hey today. Cold, good sleighing. 1761 Thursday, At midnight commenced violent snow storm, wind c' 29th. N. E. to N. & N. N. W. Snow fell till afternoon. 1853 Mary Dorr confined this morning at 3 o'clock - a boy. Very cold night. Therm° 6° above zero. 3 feet of snow. Very high tide. Wednesday afternoon boats from New York not heard from; Rail Roads all blocked. Great storm and blow. Saturday, Another light fall of snow. No train yet from Dec'r 31st. Providence or Canton. Mary first rate in every way. All well! Thanks to God for His mercies and goodness. # Thomas Wren Ward was born Oct. 8, 1844 at Lenox. ? Thomas Wren Ward born Nov. 20, 1786, died March 4, 1858. Married Nov. 15, 1810 Lydia Gray, daughter of Samuel Gray and Anna Orne his wife. They had eight children. 1. Martha Ann Ward, born Aug. 18, 1512, died Nov. 2, 1853 2. Mary Gray Ward, born June 3, 1816, died Feb. 6, 1819. Samuel 3. Lawrence Gray Ward born Oct.z, 1817, died Nov. 17, 1.07. Married, Oct. 3, 1840 Anna Hazard Barker, daughter of Jacob Barker and Elizabwth Hazard his wife. 4. William Ward, born Feb. 6, 1818, died June 24th, 1330. 5. Mary Gray Ward born Sept. 29, 1820, died Oct. 21, 1201. Married June 4, 1850 Charles Hazard Dorr, sore of Samuel (sic) Dorr and Susan Brown his wife. 6. John Gallison Ward, born Sept. 12, 1822, died June 5, 1856. 7. George Cabot Ward born Nov. 4, 1824, died May 4, 1887. Married Jan. 22, 1852 Mary Ann Southwick, daughter of John Alley Southwick and Elizabeth Kinsman his wife. They had two children, Samuel Gray Ward, Marian Ward. 8. Thomas Wren Werd born Sept. 3, 1831 died Dec. 3, 1859. (Not same as bracketed lead sentence] Mrs Dorr Florida Florida. Soon after I was born my mother was attacked by consumption, of which her older sister and two brothers died, and her father's friend and family physician, a noted physician in his day in Boston, Dr. James Jackson, told my father he feared she couldnot live. My father took her off to Florida, leaving my brother and myself behind with a most faithful and devoted nurse. Florida ended then so far as the northern visitor was concerned at St. Augustine. One ould go no further save on horse-back. My mother lived out in the open air and sunshine and my father brought her back in the spring, when warmer weather had returned, cured of her attack, though a good portion of one lung was gone, and she had no trouble afterward. Florida was then in its first beginning as a resort and all was wild around St. Augustine which was itself a picturesque and interesting old city. My mother brought back some Indian things she purchased there which were the delight of my childhood, a toy 'dug-out' canoe, a pair of Indian mocassins, delightfully soft and ornamented with colored beads, some strings of coral and a piece of the crumbling shell conglomerate which fringed the shore, but I was too young then to remember either her Florida -2 toing or returning. 4 dosen years later, when I was a boy at school, my father took my brother, between two and three years older than I, who was of a delicate constitution in those days, down to Florida, which had done so much for my mother, and brought him also back with health restored. My father took along with him also, a young and ardent naturalist at the time, Dr. Henry Bowditch, grandmon of the famous navigator, who was afterward Dean of the Harvard Medical School, whose studies into the wilderness life of Florida which pressed so close upon them at St. Augustine were most interesting to my father, who wrote home long and delight- fulfletters to my mother telling particularly of the humorous side of their life which I remember her reading out loud with great enjoyment, but which could not be found when she sought for them later. Years later, in the early 1880's, wishing to break in on the long Boston winter my father, mother and I all made a trip to Florida and St. Augustine was again our goal. The railroad went no further. It was the first time that I had been there and it was for us all a very interesting trip, for now the interior was opening up, orange groves were being established along the St. John's River. (August 6, 1853) 4. she, well placed with one of the best dress-makers in Paris. She happened to call to see him as we were going out. John is at Mrs Haggerty's where he has been monopolized very much and where he dines almost every day. I told him today he must tomorrow have two 'daguerres' taken of himself for me to bring home. I am Ever yours truly, T. W. Ward. Mr Albert Dorr was in again last evening. He made some inquiries about Mr Blake, on which I had nothing to say except in general, but he said- of his own acc'ts that Mr Blake had told him of the change in his House Mr Dorr also spoke of Mr Peabody as having 11/2 or 2 million dollars, & that he sh'd not be surprised if Mr Blake sh'd become his partner, to all of which also I had nothing to say. Mr Dorr appears to be at his ease & -without knowing- I should guess he is employed in a department of some business, where his talents & knowledge of languages are useful - & is successful enough to live comfortable He is as perfect a gentleman as one could wish. *By which he gave up the partnership planned with Mr Ward's son, George, told of in earlier letters. + From the Boston Daily Advertiser OBITUARY. Death has laid low during the past week, Miss Martha Ann Ward, daughter of Thomas W. Ward, Esq., (1812-1853) a friend of the poor, the sorrowful and the wretched. Many tears will embalm the memory of her, who was to them an Angel of Mercy. She has entered the dwellings of poverty with willing feet and noiseless step, to administer in person, to their necessities. "The blessing of those who were ready to perish came upon her, for she caused the widow's heart to sing for joy.' " Among the pensioners of her bounty, were some of the abject and forlorn, whose repulsive manner of receiv- ing and demanding charity, lessened not her desire to do them good. Their dreary homes she visited, with pecuniary aid in her hand, and words of kindness and encouragement falling from her lips. To quiet their unthankfulness, and repining, she read in tones of gentleness to them from God's holy work, his promises to the humble and contrite in heart. In the everyday walk of life, her beautiful example of Christian excellence, and purity of heart and purpose, shed beams of sacredness around her, that obliged 2. many to realize their own deficiencies of character. With ostentatious charity she had nothing to do; but in the most quiet manner possible, hardly allowing her left hand to know what her right was doing, did she help to raise the fallen, and cheer the faint. The precious record of this beloved one is on high; she has entered those mansions, where her hand is no more needed to wipe the tear from the eye of the sorrowful, nor her accents of kindness to soothe the broken hearted. This tribute of affection to her memory is the offering of one who was bound to her by the strong chords of Christian love, and whose religious hopes and faith were in unison with hers. B. Boston, November 9th, 1853. Mary G. W. Dorr to Lucy Ward Lawrence Jamaica Plain, December 24, 1854. My dear Aunt Lucy, I wish for you a Merry Christmas and the Happiest of New Years. I send you a box of bon-bons from Willie Ward Dorr and shall find something to put with it from his mother. I am sorry I could not get it to you by Christmas Day as I intended, but having all my shopping to do in town makes me a little behind-hand and I found myself yesterday obliged to hurry back to nurse George with hall my business unfinished. I am very sorry I cannot come down to see you at present. I have often meditated on the practicability of it but I could not bring George as his teeth trouble him and he does not 50 out now, and I could not come without him because of nursing him at one-half past three. Ily boys grow out of all knowledge. They are fine promising lads. If they live I think they will be a pleasure and a comfort to us. They have as a sign of their advancement as very fine Christras tree this year all hung round with irums and trumpets and dogs and (December 24, 1854) 2. horses and six-penny whistles, and gay streamers; and tomorrow they are to have a dozen other children to merry-make and divide with, thereby learning the bless- edness of giving as well as receiving. I am to have all Anna's children to spend the week with me -- and expect to be turned upside down. I wish you could see my home. It is in all respects comfortable and beautiful, and in perfect order. It would rejoice your heart and please your taste, and I think you would say it was about as near perfection as could well be -- certainly as near as it will do for mortals to have it. Charlie is afraid we have too many blessings and I am not sure but it is so, but we endeavor not to grow selfish in our happiness, and pray for a will-, ing spirit, come what may in the future. I have been thinking perhaps you would write me one of these days, but I suppose you think I am too poor a correspondent to make it worth your while. If you could only see me now with my back propped up with pillows as I write you would understand why I write so seldom. I have never been able to write more than a short note with- out pain since Willie's birth. (December 24, 1854) 3. I have been working like a beaver this autumn. It was a great undertaking to move out and clean out, and get refurnished and re-fitted and re-established, and my work-people all disappointed me, and plagued me, and die their work badly and I found that my own fair hands must take hold from attic to cellar or order never would come out of chaos. I worked until I was ill in bed, and then I got well and went to work again. I consider myself very fortunate in Mrs. Hind as she takes the whole charge of Georgie and I can trust her entirely. I 80 often to Canton but expect very soon Mother will 00 to town. She is well, and Pa too, but they do not look so young as of old. Let me know if in any way I can serve you. I do not think of any news that would interest you. Hard times are the immediate topic of interest in this part of the world. Everyone feels their prosence the rich feel poor, and many of them have become so; the poor are suffering, and everything is at a stand- still. It will serve, however, as a good warning for the future and though the check be a severe one it was much needed. Almost all were going too fast. (December 24, 1854) 4. I suppose you read the accounts from Europe with the same intense interest as all the rest of the world. How terrible is war! It seems almost as if the tide of civilization were rolling backward when such barbaric warfare seems necessary to one of the most civilized nations on the face of the earth! We must hope that the time will come when man shall be so far advanced that there shall be no more war on the earth. And this leads me back to the starting point of my letter -- the blessed Christmas time, since all good that we may hope for for the world springs out of the birth of Jesus, the Saviour. Christmas should indeed be the Holy Day of the whole world. And so, a pleasant Christmas for you and a Happy New Year. Love to Uncle Charles. In the spring I will bring my boys to see you. Willie is remarkably intelligent, and George is exceed- ingly splendid and promises something quite uncompon. There's a Mother's unbiased opinion for you! Your ever affectionate Lary. C. I File 1853 Bar Harbor, Maine, January 5, 1939. Dear Serenus: I have recently passed another milestone in the shape of a birthday, my 85th -- being born during the [Thursday] night of December 29th, 1853, in my father's and mother's home on the shore of Jamaica Pond, Jamaica Plain, Massa- chusetts, in a house which they built themselves upon their marriage and occupied till the death of my Grandfather Ward, when they moved to his home in Boston, on Park Street, fronting out across the Common to the sunset. The house 1853 I was born in and the land it was built upon were long since taken over by the Boston Metropolitan Park system, one of whose principal roads passes directly across the house's site and through the garden ground, where I re- member my father pruning his pear trees of a summer after- noon and where my brother and I played together as young children. This is but a preamble to what I write to say, which is that in case anything should happen to me now unexpectedly, by night or day, I have made plans, carefully thought out, 2. for my last resting place at the long journey's end, which Dana Young and Richard Sherman, our National Park engineer, are working out upon the ground and setting down on paper for me. Of these they will be able to tell you, as Hadley, now in Washington, will be able to do also in part, though soon I trust to have all in shape to lay before you both, and others with you, as my last wish and what, upon much thought, appeals to me as the most in accordance with my plans and wishes and the best from every point of view. With thanks once more for all you have done and are doing for me, Believe me Yours sincerely GBD-O Mr. Serenus B. Rodick Day Bar Harbor, Maine. 212 1 From Jamaica Pond to Commonwealth Avenue: George B. Dorr, his family and friends on his Birthplace Ronald H. Epp, Ph.D. Delivered at Harvard University. Arnold Arboretum. Jamaica Plain, MA October 8, 2017 In the eighteen months since the publication of my biography of the Father of Acadia National Park, I have spoken throughout New England about its founder, George Bucknam Dorr, and his two partners: Harvard president Charles William Eliot, and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller Jr. It was my expectation that by now I would have left behind opportunities to speak- after all, wasn't the fifteen year project complete? Not so, for I am here to share new findings about the implications of Dorr's birthplace to his later achievements. This invitation from the Jamaica Plain Historical Society prompted re-thinking the significance of this geographical location for his personal development over a lengthy life of ninety years. Can we uncover evidence of specific ways that Jamaica Plain incubated the future conservationist? How was the man we celebrated during the 2016 park and National Park Service centennials entwined with his place of origin? Were there connections that I may have missed in my biography? This question has currency because new evidence provided by environmental psychologists demonstrates quantifiable links between childhood exposure to natural environments and later life preferences. Geographers refer to this special bond between adults and their childhood environments as "primal landscaping." Most biographers are not comfortable with a step in the historical process that I call compression. For after researching, comparing, validating phenomenal amounts of data and interpretations, biographers must assign weight to each step in the life of one's subject. One cannot simply block out a ninety year life and proportionately assign ten percent of the biography to each decade. Proportionality and significance will be the guiding norms. Typically, one places the subject within the context of their ancestry, as I A / 10 2 did. But once the subject is born, many biographers move quickly through the early years of life by redirecting attention to developments of family and friends that impact the juvenile subject. After all, the subject rarely leaves behind autobiographical data and much hypothesizing substitutes for hard fact. On the other hand, there are historically rich documents like Almon Danforth Hodges and his Neighbors (1909; see also The Civil War Journal of Almon D. Hodges, Jr. ed. S.Z. Nonack, Boston Athenaeum, 2003) that provide loving detail about the family Roxbury property with its "spacious entry hall", the library "stocked with books overflowing into other rooms," and the "airy" kitchen which comprised the "fourteen rooms for nine persons besides the maids." For this talk I've chosen to expand the coverage I gave to the juvenile Dorr by drawing your attention to what we know about his first decade in Jamaica Plain. [Slides 1-17] To the west of the St. James Street home of the aforementioned Hodge family was Jamaica Plain, a place whose history is well documented thanks to the JPHS and other studies of local history, like the brilliant 1994 publication by Harvard School of Design scholar Alexander von Hoffman (Local Attachments). Even earlier, an 1878 Art Journal article affirmed that "of all the suburbs of Boston, Brookline and Jamaica Plain, lying side by side are preeminent in their attractive situations and aspect, and their display of the elegancies of wealth and of ripe taste in dwellings, parks, and gardens [And] the particular gem of Jamaica Plain is its lovely 'pond', set amid a circle of gentle hills, which are covered with fine residences, and with noble copses of long planted and cultivated trees." Between 1850 and the turn of the 20th-century, Jamaica Plain was a community in transition from an agricultural economy to a commuter suburb of greater Boston. In antebellum America, the residential suburb provided- for some--a respite for the human congestion of the city and its summer heat, offering landscapes where the prosperous could plan gardens, harvest the fruits from their orchard, and ramble through the woods. The first suburbs were places where the Boston elite did not dominate as they had in the densely settled city; for Jamaica Plain offered no great works like the fill of the Back Bay to engage them, such were the so-called 'limits' of village life (see Henry C. Bickford, The First Suburbs, 1985). IZ 3 The years have erased much of the local documentation about the residence that was constructed for Dorr's parents, Charles Hazen Dorr and Mary Gray Ward Dorr. [18] We know that an acre of shoreline land was purchased from Solomon Spaulding in March 1850, three months prior to the marriage of thirty year old Mary and her husband Charles, one year her junior. [19, 20] Dorr's father was born in 1821 in Boston's north end and by his third year the family moved to Tremont Street opposite the Commons and "not far from the foot of Park Street" where his future wife resided. His father Samuel Dorr, kept a cow on the Common to provide fresh milk for his son Charles and daughter Susan. [22] An import merchant then President of New England Bank, Sam served successive terms in the both houses of the Massachusetts legislature and at the time of his death (1844) left an estate valued at $400,000. [roughly ten million dollars today]. His son became a merchant owner of Dorr, Balch & Prince, a Boston dry goods firm. It was, however, Ward family funds that financed their homes. The property deed details Dorr land stretching 84 feet along the pond shore, radiating back 522 feet; this siting permitted abundant options in residential design and landscaping. The 1852 and 1859 maps of Jamaica Pond reveal that north along the shoreline from the Dorr Lakeville Place property, the Perkins family Pine Bank estate on the northeastern shore faced westward to the estate of historian Francis Parkman, whose publications Dorr would later reference repeatedly. Bear in mind that Dorr did not write a sustained memoir; instead, his recollections are scattered amid other later conceptual narratives. [Von Hoffman informs us that merchant Franklin Greene, Jr. moved into an Italian villa on Lakeville Place five years before the Dorr land purchase]. But why relocate to the country? Why this community? Its distance from the increasing pressures of industrialization was a draw as was the aesthetic attractiveness of life beside the pond. Moreover, Charles could hop aboard a coach called "the Hourlies" which ran reliably to Park Street, exiting only a short walk to his office and access to the State Street bank where his father was president. Yet we are still left in the dark regarding who picked the Jamaica Pond shoreline and for what reasons. Research has revealed that the new Dorr residence was constructed with funds given to Charles and Mary as a wedding gift from Mary's father, [22] 4 international banker Thomas Wren Ward (no connection to Ward's Pond just north of the Dorr property); TWW owned the property for the remainder of his life. Thomas and his wife Lydia lived at #3 Park Street, at several hundred feet south of the State Capital, in a townhouse designed by architect Charles Bulfinch [23]. Dorr's mother Mary was born here in 1920 and like her future husband would grow up with the pleasures of the Common available outside her front door. Charles and Mary were neighbors for he matured on adjacent Tremont Street, [24] yet little is known about their interactions prior to their engagement except her being betrothed a decade earlier to the brother of her dearest childhood friend, women's activist Julia Ward Howe. George's parents did not attend college though both families proudly identified their many Harvard College graduates. Of his parents, George wrote that they were "two people with a delightful gift of narrative. What they told of lived. My father was more reserved -he never spoke of his inner self-but he had a delightful sense of humor. [He] had no thought for self, full of the capacity for great enjoyment in all things beautiful and good an excellent and cool observer. "[25] Mother, he says, "was of a very different nature, not given as I to argument and reason not patient of them [yet] my mother had a remarkable gift of description and drew a wide circle of younger folks around her always... [And] between them the time of their own childhood lived again for me. But neither she nor any of my grandfather Ward's family had the gift of humor which [the Dorrs] had so strongly." Like his father, Dorr developed as one for whom ideas were more interesting than things; nonetheless, he was a man of action, deeply moved by his passion for the unique landscapes of Mount Desert. Both parents were avid readers and read aloud to the children, Charles favoring historical works while Dorr's mother he says "read with me the old books she cared for and the new books [in French and English literature] which she found interesting. So that those years that might have been barren were rich [indeed]." Grandfather Thomas Ward is a fascinating and influential historical figure, a Salem-born successful merchant of goods to the Far East, the American representative of the powerful Barings Bank, and Treasurer of Harvard College for twelve years. In July 1852 he and Lydia opened their home Nathaniel Hale, Edward Everett, Harvard president Jared Sparks, Daniel Webster, and their neighbor George Ticknor. Movers and shakers, to be sure. 5 Daughter Mary was one of eight children of Thomas and Lydia Gray Ward. At the turn of the century, Mary's parents relocated to Boston from Salem. They had been merchants since the Puritan days of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Seven generations removed, like many of their generation they were experiencing a distancing from the strict Calvinist demands associated with human depravity that had so constrained their forbearers. Indeed, the Ward children were greatly influenced by Reverend William Ellery Channing, who sermonized in the Federal Street Church against Calvinist orthodoxy, celebrating instead a personal and loving relationship with God. Not the God celebrated by the Trinity, for the liberal-minded Channing was the Father of American Unitarianism--and the Ward family embraced this rapidly expanding new faith. Mary, however, was also attracted to the new spiritualism of antebellum New England; Dorr recalls that my mother "went to see a medium she had heard of, hoping possibly to get some word of [her] brother John who had lately died abroad." Grandfather Ward financed various enterprises undertaken by his four adult male children, most recently the pioneering project of his first born, Ralph Waldo Emerson's friend, the artist and intellectually-gifted Samuel Gray Ward.[26] Despite pressures to support his father's demanding business interests, family and friends had been surprised (in 1844) when the newly married Sam purchased distant property in Berkshire County.[27] There his growing family witness his five-year struggle to become a Lenox gentleman farmer while not turning his back on his artistic passions. Sam's sister Mary was similarly supported by her father; yet it is not known whether he or the newlyweds determined where they would reside. Marriages among Puritan descendants were arranged by parents who increasingly were challenged by rebellious children. Yet in the words of Samuel Gray Ward's biographer, the late professor David B. Baldwin-children usually gave in to the duty to find a mate suitable to parents and their social group. It took twenty-eight months to construct the Dorr residence. Until November 1852 when they moved in, the newlyweds lived with her parents where their first born son William was born in January 1851. While the inspirational view out the front door faced the eastern edge of the Commons, the rear entrance of the Bulfinch townhouse abutted the Old Granary Burial Ground. As Mary's second pregnancy in 1853 neared the anticipated birthdate, her 6 only sister Martha succumbed to consumption in November at 41 years of age. Two of Mary's brother also succumbed to the disease. Two male and three female cousins awaited the arrival of the newborn. As the Christmas holiday arrived, so did newborn Georgie four days later on December 29, 1853. In his diary, Mary's father noted that a 'violent snowstorm' commenced during the first minutes of December 29. Three hours later-with the temperature at six degrees-George Bucknam Dorr was born in the family's weather besieged residence on the eastern shore of Jamaica Pond. This twelve hour snowstorm did not deter Charles Dorr from walking the six miles to Park Street to convey the splendid news to his in- laws. This degree of commitment is consistent with the spirit of diary entries in the Ward Family Papers at the Massachusetts Historical Society; they show an extended family that expressed deep affection among themselves within a larger context that celebrated learning. Grandfather Ward filled his home with a wide variety of books to satisfy his cosmopolitan reading habits; it was a place where the Wards were always in a hurry, not only by the drive to keep one's social position but also to satisfy expectations for self-improvement. Eldest daughter Martha at fourteen years of age read Oedipus as translated by Voltaire, brother Sam attended Cogswell's famous Round Hill School in Northampton, while Mary attended the highly regarded school of social reformer Dorothea Dix. Obviously, this was a privileged family and their offspring did not face many challenges of children of their day. George had the usual childhood health threats but nothing is reported of the visual problems that would beset him later and result in blindness. He reports that in the first years of life, he climbed on a chair in his grandfather Ward's study to look at the engravings on a translation of Arabian Nights [likely the Edward W. Lane 1840 three volume translation of One Thousand and One Nights]. "I carried the book [he says] back to Jamaica Pond and my kind old nurse who received me in her arms [sat me] up on a high chair in front of a glowing hard coal fire in the nursery where she read to me from the book [mandating] another trip to Boston to [secure] the other two, equally fascinating, volumes in the set." While Dorr's father is frequently praised for his intellectual interests, other than his education in the public schools Dorr reports that Charles "did not go to college [since state legislator and banker Samuel Dorr was] ill content with his experience in sending to college two older sons." His father 7 mentored him as a "commission merchant," empowering him with a significant inheritance after his death in 1844. During this era, roughly one in four children did not survive their first five years of life-- and many mothers died in childbirth. For Georgie, the year after his birth his mother's life was threatened by the ravages of consumption. In his words, her physician "gave little hope" for her survival but that did not dissuade his father from taking her to St. Augustine Florida; there during the winter months "the climate conquered and her life was saved." A devoted Welch nurse, Elizabeth Hind, cared for William and George. The extensive archives provide recurring evidence of family mortality concerns as when Mary writes to her aunt on the eve of Georgie's first birthday: "Our boys are fine promising lads. If they live I think they will be a pleasure and a comfort to us." Unfortunately, his memoirs offer no details on the Jamaica Plain architectural style of their home, the number of rooms and floors, or whether illuminating gas replaced the oil lamps in 1854 as they did at the nearby Hodge residence. Upper class new housing would have piped water, furnace heat on each floor, and a water closet connected to a main sewer line. The style and number of internal furnishings and how they were sited room by room, floor by floor are nowhere mentioned, unlike his home in Bar Harbor where we have an Inventory.[28,29,3 Massachusetts Census Data from 1855 established that three domestics resided with the Dorrs. No site photographs or illustrations have been uncovered. George has no doubt, he says, that the roots "of my interest in public reservations had its ancestry far back in Old Salem and Medford gardens and the England from which they came." The Lakeview Place gardens and landscaping were a family priority. Yet if we judge the Dorr family negatively for these omissions, each of us might first ask what we can document about the site of our own beginnings. Fortunately, there is documentation of Dorr and Ward families stretching back nine generations. At the end of life, Dorr's Will declared his intention to conserve in great detail the ancestry of both sides of his family, continuing a multi-generational family tradition. The Ward family is preserved at the MHS-- and hundreds of manuscript pages at the NEHGS track the Dorr family to the mid-17th-century. Three years after Dorr's death, author Cleveland Amory published The Proper Bostonians wherein he coined an apt 8 expression for many 19th- and 20th century Bostonians whose prosperity dates "from the days when the grandfather-merchant was the key figure of the whole Boston Society system." Impressed by their forbearers, their descendants composed exhaustive family narratives celebrating their accomplishments-- and expected their offspring to continue the "Grandfather on the Brain" biographical task. Though neither a grandfather or a merchant, bachelor George B. Dorr rose to the family tradition and provided a sustained chronological narrative of both sides of his family. Eighty years after the restorative effects of Florida helped save Mary Dorr's life, her son documented his childhood recollections of the pond property, "flashing across the screen of memory like the pictures in an old-time Magic Lantern show." The "beautiful" Lakeview Place fronted "through tall trees the sunset view across the lake from the top of a steep bank." He further recalls images of "his mother and father on horse-back" and "driving with them on a mellow Indian Summer afternoon sitting beside my father and on being told that snow was coming, asked what snow was I see our lake in summer...[ar great white swans with arching necks come sailing by kept by our neighbor Edward Perkins, at his estate, Pine Bank I see our delightful little lake frozen in winter, with people skating-my mother with me and my father on his skates close by." [31] Elsewhere Dorr recalls "gay sleighing scenes upon the snowy Boston road, with friendly racing and the sound of bells." Three decades later the Jamaica Parkway would reshape the landscape and sacrifice this relatively short-lived Lakeville Place residence. Dorr speaks of this event in his memoirs, noting that the metropolitan park system roads now "pass directly across the house's site and through the garden ground where I remember my father pruning his pear trees as my brother and I played together." Dorr's "slide shows" are the earliest expression of an abiding sensitivity to the natural world that is always contextualized to a specific place; these recollections are always rooted geographically. Dorr employs a frequently-used catchphrase for this behavior: "historical associations." And while living beside Jamaica Pond was very satisfying, Dorr tells us that "in the summer, when the dog-days came, we would pack up and go off, sometimes to Lenox, more often to Newport," sometimes to Nahant. 9 Grandfather Ward usually rented for the extended family a house for the season. In addition, Uncle Sam Ward had built at Lenox a home called Highwood a decade before Dorr's birth; [32] close by, the sister and step brothers of Charles Dorr had built the year after Georgie's birth an estate they named Highlawn. In later correspondence with John D. Rockefeller Jr. about landscape design, Dorr made the aesthetic point-in a letter preserved at the RAC--that "open grassy spaces like wild sheep pastures are often better in contrast to continuous woods. I used to be familiar with them-Dorr continues-wandering over the Berkshire country when I was a boy." Highlawn would eventually be absorbed into the Tanglewood Music Center but only after Dorr inherited it and had benefitted from this grand house and grounds for five decades (See Cornelia Gilder's The Tanglewood Circle, 2008). On his mother's side, Canton was the location of an eighty acre Ward family compound called Pequitside which was acquired at the same time (1853). The Canton Historical Society website displayed maps and historical data on this site; it was archival research, however, which changed our historical understanding of the importance of this place to the conservation history of New England. In 2007 I located at the MHS an intriguing unattributed manuscript in the Endicott Family Papers. After repeated readings of "Country Home at Canton," I provided stylistic evidence to MHS archivists confirming Dorr's authorship. Here Grandfather Ward-- in concert with his son Sam and son-in-law Charles-- expanded the former Ingersoll Bowditch estate during the first five years of George Dorr's life. Shortly before his eightieth birthday, Dorr revisited the property with Louise and William C. Endicott Jr. and was sufficiently moved to draft this ten- page-two thousand word--essay on the properties there of his grandparents, uncle, and parents. He emphasizes the impact of lessons learned from nature along the Neponset River "during the critical embryonic period, and the happy springtime hours spent in search and observation a greater influence [on me] than any schooling in the development of mind and character." For nearly a quarter century, Canton provided, in Dorr's own words, "a great education" in how to love the country and the wilderness about us without the need of company It was there that my brother and I spent our springs and autumns until we grew up." Coming full circle, Dorr's final years increasingly resonated with longing for the solitariness of his youthful summers in Canton. Here Dorr's passion for understanding Nature 10 was cultivated as well as his awareness of the desire to protect the treasures of Nature. This remarkable "lost in the archives" essay contains more contextual detail and emotional fabric about the importance of place to one's later life than any other Dorr narrative. My research into the Dorr family engagement in Jamaica Plain social life continues. To date I have not examined surviving histories of local churches, fraternal organizations, political groups, and other cultural agencies for evidence of Dorr family participation. Whether Dorr and his brother were educated in "the little school" taught by Miss Williams in the Old Village Hall or one of the other private schools documented by Ellen Morse in Reminiscences of Jamaica Plain, 1845-1875, I cannot substantiate. While there are interesting developments within the Dorr and Ward family life during the juvenile years of Georgie, with one exception; the historical record is silent for the years leading to the outbreak of the Civil War. After grandfather Ward's death in 1858, the Dorr's attended to the needs of Mary's mother Lydia, shuttling back and forth between the two homes. "Then the whole scene changed suddenly in April, 1861," Dorr reports in his memoir of his father. On April 12th that "fateful news [came] to our sunlit and peaceful home at Jamaica Pond. The firing on Fort Sumter and the outbreak of the Civil War My father deeply stirred, at once enlisted as a major in a Massachusetts infantry regiment commanded by his friend and neighbor at Jamaica Plain, Colonel Francis Lee." The family was spared his deployment, for Charles caught typhoid fever, then recovered and resumed training only to suffer a relapse which George described as "all but fatal and left him an invalid for years thereafter." In the fall of 1862 they left Jamaica Plain and moved to Boston to occupy the unoccupied Park Street home. [The Dorr Jamaica Plain residence had been sold by Lydia to daughter Mary on December 30, 1859; four years later (February 12, 1864) Mary sold the property to her mother who sold it in October of 1865 to G.K. Fisher of Brookline, concluding fifteen years of family ownership.] In Boston, the Ward residence on Park Street provided a distant vantage point across the Common to the massive Back Bay public works project that began in 1859.[33] By early 1861 the first four- and five-story townhouse residences on the Parisian-style Commonwealth Avenue were occupied. As Dorr's uncle Sam and aunt Anna had pioneered cottage development in 11 Lenox two decades earlier, here they were literally the first family to occupy a residence on the reclaimed Back Bay. They purchased several properties near the Public Garden on Arlington Street at the head of the new grand boulevard, [34] relocating the family of six from fashionable Louisburg Square on Beacon Hill to a house designed for them at # 1 Commonwealth Avenue; four years later, the family would permanently relocate to New York City where Sam would run the Barings Brothers investments. In 1860 Grandmother Lydia followed the lead of her son and purchased a lot on the other side of Commonwealth Avenue where a home was built for her. Beside it she had another residence built that became in 1863 the Dorr family residence [#3 Park Street having been sold to Augustine Heard of Ipswich that year]. Charles Dorr's step-sister, Martha Ann Edwards, lived seven residences west of the Dorr home at #18, [35] affording young George close proximity to both sides of his family [Martha had four brothers]. After being shuttled back and forth for five years between Lakeview Place in Jamaica Plain and Boston's Park Street, at nearly ten years of age George finds himself in his third home [two others being seasonal]. Dorr recalls the move to Commonwealth Avenue where "we later joined [Grandmother Ward], building our own house alongside of hers. There in Boston, a new life began. "[36] For the next fifty three years George would reside-in his words--in a "house, roomy and spacious, and opening directly on my brother's and my playground on the Common, with its broad malls and arching elms." Our conventional belief that the environment of one youth profoundly affects our later preferences and values is fortified by Dorr's life story. He was reared in surroundings that were perfectly suited to his development. Hardly a surprise there. Dorr's commitment to devote the last half of his life to conservation extends the pioneering spirit of his parents. No, they did not travel across American. But like those aboard the Conestoga Wagons, the Dorr and Ward families overcame a riveting behavior of earlier generations of Americans, as Von Hoffman discloses in the aforementioned historical study of Jamaica Plain. He argues that in 19thcentury New England "loyalty to place was a basic human emotion." Prior to his parent's generation, Dorr's ancestors found comfort and stability in a geographically limited sphere. But his parents peers disengaged themselves, especially the Ward family and the documented western and southern journeys of Sam Ward after his year in Europe. His biographer reports that Sam " entered into the spirit of the 12 places he visited with youthful gusto and great adaptability." Mary and Charles exposed their children to the landscaped beauty adjacent to their residences in Nahant, Canton, Newport, Lenox, and Jamaica Plain; my book also details their later fruitful five years living in Europe and still later their months in Greece and the Near East-not to ignore the beginning of another new life in Bar Harbor that began in 1880. Wealth may have enabled this travel but passion for self-improvement on the margins of social convention made them less loyal to place than their predecessors. These transitions are rooted in how the Dorrs utilized Jamaica Plain as a place they moved to and lkived in but were not emotionally bound by. And so, to conclude this talk, I'd like to profile a handful of individuals whose experiences in Jamaica Plain intersect Dorr's orbit. For some the frequency is slight while others will bring back historical associations with Jamaica Plain--again and again. Bowditch Family Dorr's mother's family and that of the Bowditch's shared a common Pickering family ancestor. Grandfather Ward's friendship with mathematician and seafarer Nathaniel Bowditch extended forward two generations to grandsons: [37] the Harvard anthropologist Charles (1842-1921) and his brother [38] Henry (1840- 1911), a physiologist and Dean of the Harvard Medical School. These men- roughly ten years older than Dorr-interacted with his family in the 1850's at Lakeview Place from their Pond Street estate, Moss Hill. Charles later became the sole executor of the Will of Dorr's father, an indicator of attachment. Much later In May 1903, they traveled by carriage with Dorr on a seventeen day vacation through the Shenandoah Valley and Blue Ridge mountains visiting natural springs, which greatly interested Dorr [explain Sawtelle travel budget]. Another grandson of "The Navigator" was Vincent Bowditch (1852-1929), a classmate of Dorr at Harvard (c.1875) who became a physician and summered in Islesford south of Mount Desert where he recorded for thirty-four years his seasonal life in Frenchman Bay. Another indication of continuing "historical associations" is that MIT-educated civil engineer and landscape architect of much renown, Ernest Bowditch (1850-1918)--worked with Dorr on MDI projects. Under Bowditch's leadership, by the end of the 19th-century a "masculine outpost of proper Bostonians" was developed on vast tracts of land at Point Lookout on Isle au Haut, off the southern coast of Mount Desert Island. Shortly after the attack on 13 Pearl Harbor, the Bowditch family donated nearly half the 12 square mile island to the National Park Service to be incorporated into Acadia National Park a decision that aroused the ire of year round residents. Edith Wharton & Beatrix Farrand Three months ago, Berkshire historian Cornelia Gilder published a new work on Lenox, discussing Pulitzer-prize winning author [39] Edith Wharton's home and marriage to the psychologically troubled Teddy.[40] Born in 1850 in Brookline and a Harvard classmate of Dorr, Teddy "certainly" visited relatives in adjacent Jamaica Plain at the turn of the century; moreover, "she and Teddy rescued a fireplace out of Pine Bank to install at Land's End in Newport." Dorr's connections to Edith began when her brother (Frederick Jones) purchased in 1883 a two acre Bar Harbor bayside estate called Reef Point, just a mile north of Dorr's shoreline Oldfarm property. Edith vacationed there and developed an enduring relationship with her niece, Beatrix, [41] a frequent guest at the Dorr estate. Of course, as you may have supposed, this young woman was the eminent landscape architect Beatrix Farrand, to whom Dorr offered her first gardening commission. She also links with Dorr's cousin, Charles Sprague Sargent, being invited in 1893 to join his family in their journey to the famed Columbian World Exposition in Chicago. In the first decade of the 20th century she would aid Edith in landscaping The Mount, and as I explained in a talk delivered in 2009 at a Lenox Conference on Mrs. Wharton's Gardens, she credited Dorr with the design of the sole named path on her estate. Charles Eliot & Family While no correspondence survives between the landscape architect [42] and Dorr, the Eliot family connections between Jamaica Plain and Mount Desert Island are strong, the most pronounced being the five decades of annual summering at the Northeast Harbor residence of Harvard president Charles W. Eliot. [43] Dorr would publically laud his eldest son Charles for publishing in 1890 a call to establish nature sanctuaries on the Maine coast. Before this goal was realized in 1901 under his father's leadership, [44] his son established the first private 14 organization in the world devoted solely to the preservation of open space, the Trustees of Reservations. In Dorr's memoirs, he refers to Boston's Metropolitan Park System roads "that pass directly across the house site and through the garden where I remember my father pruning his pear trees as my brother and I played together." Margaret Fuller Seven years ago, the Rev. Jenny Rankin gave a talk to the JPHS on Transcendentalist author Margaret Fuller. [45] I recently spoke with her to determine whether she had new insights into Fuller's activities at 81 Morton Street and her relationship with Dorr's mother. This tracks back to 1835 when Fuller first met the poised and intellectually sophisticated eighteen year old Samuel G. Ward on a trip to upstate New York-and in the words of her biographer, Charles Capper, they became "fast friends." The following year, Sam strongly motivated his sixteen year old sister Mary to take Fuller's college-level classes in German, Italian and French literature which Capper calls "more comprehensive instruction in modern European literature than offered anywhere in America." Ralph Waldo Emerson [46] also cultivated Sam and Margaret as friends, though at that time his relationship with Sam Ward matured into a model of modern friendship. The complexities of the Fuller-Ward-Barker-Emerson relationships spurred a literary sub-genre that to this day deconstructs the complexities of the romantic attraction of Fuller toward Ward and the near rupturing of that relationship as Sam directed his passion toward his future wife-and Fuller's close confidant-- Anna Hazard Barker. In February 1839 Fuller arrived at her new home in Jamaica Plain -- Willow Brook, which she shared with her mother and brother and where she completed her book on the poet Goethe. After July 1840, Ward, Emerson, and other Transcendentalists wrote for a new literary journal created in Jamaica Plain ( i.e., The Dial, edited by Margaret Fuller). An indication of her affection for Sam is expressed in a August 1842 letter: "I shall never pay off even the interest of this large debt I owe you, of fine thoughts, of noble deeds, now running on so many years." Jamaica Plain was the locale of tumultuous affection and discord 15 between the Fuller, Ward, and Emerson families. This family tension predates Dorr's birth but colors the canvas of their family interactions in Jamaica Plain, Boston, Lenox, and Canton in the years leading up to the Civil War. Following Fuller's death by drowning, in late 1850 Emerson, Channing, and Sam Gray began collecting for publication the letters and manuscripts she left behind enroute to Europe. Ellen Swallow Richards [47] Much historic significance is rightfully given to the native Jamaica Plain woman who broke the gender barrier as the first female faculty member at MIT. Ellen is better known for creating the discipline of home economics. While her husband Robert was a MIT faculty member, here I wish to draw attention to the brother- in-law of Ellen, architect Henry Richards [48] about whom I suspect little is locally known. Yes, he was the husband of Pulitzer Prize winner Laura Richards, a daughter of [49] Julia Ward Howe-a close friend of the Dorr family. When the Dorrs returned in 1878 from four years in Europe, Henry Richards designed their large Queen Anne shingle-style residence in Bar Harbor--which I described at length in the Dorr biography. While the Richard family of Gardiner Maine visited their relatives in Jamaica Plain, neither autobiography written by the Richard men reveal much deep feeling. That sort of feeling, however, is directed by architect Richards against the intrusive behavior of Dorr's mother while her Oldfarm home was under construction; his wife Laura also composed the fullest surviving account of what she calls "remarkable" Mary, a lengthy unpublished essay about this domineering woman of "unbounded social ambition" intended only for family eyes. It remains neglected in the Maine Historical Society archives. Charles Sprague Sargent [50] It is with great caution that I speak of the first director of the Arnold Arboretum. The JPHS web pages detail the 1847 relocation of Boston merchant Ignatius Sargent to a Brookline-Jamaica Plain property near his Perkins family friends. His second son, Charles, summered here as well and most likely had social interactions during the 1850's with the Dorr family to whom he was related; 16 George Dorr was a cousin to Charles. Mary Dorr's half-sister-Charlotte Gray- married Ignatius Sargent. As many of you know, Sargent published Garden and Forest, an indispensable professional resource for more than a decade to horticulturists, arborists, and gardeners-and the dissemination vehicle for Charles Eliot's proposal of a Maine public coastal preserve. Dorr was engaged with Arnold Arboretum developments, respected its professional stature, and described Garden & Forest as the most "inspiring of all" publications. In 1908 while traveling in the U.K., Sargent hired Scotsman Arthur E. Thatcher. After four years as arboretum expert in hardy plants, he was hired by Dorr as manager of the Mount Desert Nurseries. Not only did the two become close friends but Thatcher took horticultural research there in new directions, resulting in success at wining prizes at New England horticultural events. Francis Parkman [51] The Francis Parkman Jamaica Pond estate was established the year after the arrival of the neighboring Dorr family. Their children were surely playmates, the daughter Grace two years older than Dorr while Francis III was a year younger, and as they matured they roamed over the country landscapes and into the Bussey Institution Woodland Hills parklands. There a planned environment elevated the public through a determined effort of its designers to raise the moral faculties of the citizenry (Hoffman, 65). Parkman's pioneering work on the French colonization of North America dominated the scholarship of the day and informed Dorr's education. We know that Dorr published many essays wherein the only historian cited was that of his childhood neighbor, which is not to suggest blind acceptance. Dorr's own historicism was based on wide-reading and thoughtful analysis. Nonetheless, the spirit of Samuel de Champlain and his representation by Francis Parkman infused Dorr's writing over the last four decades of his life. A highlight of his Parkman advocacy was his 1919 recommendation to the U.S. Geographic Board that one of the thirteen mountains on the island be renamed Parkman Mountain. His justification for this approved memorializing act was that Parkman use "to cruise these waters [with relative Horace Gray], studying the coast with reference to his writings...about ancient French dominion in America and of these Indian life and ways." 17 Merritt Lyndon Fernald [52] The famous Harvard botanist of the Gray Herbarium has more than an incidental connection with the Arnold Arboretum. Though the two botanical facilities were administratively separate, they interacted at the investigative level on a daily basis. Dorr's research inquiries were almost exclusively with the herbarium in Cambridge. In 1905 he invited Herbarium Curator Benjamin Lincoln Robinson to a Herbert W. Gleason slideshow of Colorado wildflowers at the Tavern Club. A decade later as Dorr assembled the 5,000 acres of donated land to present to the U.S., the National Geographic Magazine published a collaborative article titled "The Unique Island of Mount Desert." Dorr, Fernald, and Massachusetts State ornithologist Edward Howe Forbush collaborated, relying on Francis Parkman's historical studies to argue for saving "the wild primeval beauty" of the island. In 1916 Dorr republished Fernald's essay as "An Acadian Plant Sanctuary" [SMP #5], advocating the conservation of reserved tracts of land to be retained in their natural state. Based upon his three-decades of active exploration of New England and the Maritime Provinces, Fernald proposed that "Mount Desert Island offered the greatest [geographic] natural diversity." [53] After land was set aside for a national monument, Fernald submitted testimony in May 1918 to elevate the new national monument to national park status. Thomas Wren Ward III The strongest link to Jamaica Plain is the fact that the son of Dorr's uncle Sam, Thomas Wren Ward III (1844-1940), resided here on Chestnut Street. He lived in Emerson's home while he prepared for Harvard College. Disabled early in life by a profound hearing loss, he nonetheless accompanied his friend William James in 1865 on the famous Agassiz exploration of Brazil's river systems. Like his father, Tom struggled against family expectations that he too would pursue a career in the banking sector. He had a lifelong friendship with his cousin Dorr, revealing in his correspondence his belief that he had failed to be sufficiently creative, entering the family business with regrets as had his father. His daughter, Elizabeth Howard Ward Perkins cared for her father at her Jamaica Plain 'Nutwood' home; she is buried nearby at Forest Lawn. In recent years, the library at the University 18 of California campus at Santa Barbara has received thousands of pages of correspondence and diary entries from the Ward and Perkins families. [54] In conclusion, I hope that I have expanded your appreciation of the importance of Jamaica Plain to the eventual establishment of the first national park East of the Mississippi River, a conservation achievement made possible through Dorr's lifelong interaction with men and women who were similarly affected by this special place. Powerpoint Slide Show Identifiers [in brackets] 1. Bar Harbor Lithograph. 1886. 2. Bar Harbor photo. Circa 1890. 3. Rusticator picnic. 4. Sieur de Monts gathering. C.1890. 5. Sieur de Monts visited by children. C. 1890. 6. Early 20th century hiking group on Champlain Mt. 7. Oldfarm 8. Outdoor Greek play performed at Oldfarm 9. GBD and CWE at Jesuit Point. 10. Path Committee on Jordan Pond. 11. Iconic GBD image. 12. Leure B. Deasy, first attorney in BH 13. JDR Jr. 14. Rockefeller's cobblestone bridge 19 15. Carriage road gatehouse 16. Steve Mather on trail overlooking Porcupine Islands 17. GBD and ANP staff. C. 1938. 18. Jamaica Plain and Dorr residence. 1858. 19. Eastern shoreline, Jamaica Pond. Bromley Map. 1874. 20. Joseph E. Baker image of Jamaica Pond skaters and residences. 21. Samuel Dorr. Boston Athenaeum donation from GBD. 22. Thomas Wren Ward. Harvard University Museums. 23. Park Street from State House steps. 24. Tremont Street, looking north to Park Street Church. 25. Mary Dorr. 1894. 26. Samuel Gray Ward. C. 1850's. 27. Anna Hazard Barker Ward bust. 28. Oldfarm foyer. C. 1905. 29. Oldfarm stairway & dining room. 30. Oldfarm living room. 31. Pine Bank II. 32. Highwood Cottage of Samuel & Anna Ward. 2016. Tanglewood. 33. Back Bay. C. 1850. 34. 1 Commonwealth Avenue. SGW family residence. 35. 16 & 18 Commonwealth Avenue. Dorr family at #18. 36. Back Bay expansion. Commonwealth & Public Gardens. C. 1870. 37. Charles Pickering Bowditch. 38. Henry Pickering Bowditch 20 39. Edith Wharton 40. Teddy Wharton 41. Beatrix Farrand 42. Charles Eliot 43. Charles William Eliot 44. HCTPR Historical Sketch. 2nd ed. 2016. 45. Margaret Fuller 46. Ralph Waldo Emerson 47. Ellen Swallow Richards 48. Henry Richards, brother in law of Ellen, Oldfarm architect. 49. Julia Ward Howe 50. Charles Sprague Sargent 51. Francis Parkman 52. Merritt Lyndon Fernald 53. Otter Cliffs 54. Ronald H. Epp, Creating Acadia National Park, (Friends of Acadia, 2016). Note: Images secured from the archival copyprint collection at Acadia National Park and diverse online sources. State Salem Library College 8/04 mudow because to Editorial Supervision: JOSEPH CELLINI Herida CONSUMPTION IN NEW ENGLAND: OR, Reprint Edition 1977 by Arno Press Inc. LOCALITY ONE OF ITS CHIEF CAUSES. Consumption in New England is reprinted from a copy in the Columbia University Library. PUBLIC HEALTH IN AMERICA ISBN for complete set: 0-405-09804-9 See last pages of this volume for titles. AN ADDRESS Manufactured in the United States of America Publisher's Note: The map facing p.22 has been DELIVERED BEFORE THE reproduced in black and white for this edition. MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOCIETY, Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Bowditch, Henry Ingersoll, 1808-1892. By HENRY I. BOWDITCH, M.D. Consumption in New England. (Public health in America) Reprint of 2 works, the 1st published in 1862 by Ticknor & Fields, Boston; and the 2d printed in 1864 by D. Clapp, Boston under title: Is consumption ever contagious or communicated by one person to another in any manner? 1. Tuberculosis--New England. 2. Medical geography--New England. 3. Tuberculosis--Etiology 4. Tuberculosis--Transmission. I. Bowditch, Henry Ingersoll, 1808-1892. Is consumption ever contagious 1977. II. Title. III. Title: Is consumption contagious or communicated by one BOSTON: person to another in any manner? IV. Series. RA644.T7B68 1977 614.5'42'0974 76-25653 TICKNOR & FIELDS. ISBN 0-405-09806-5 1862. Monday October 31. The bookcase in the library of Storm Beach Cottage stood when I first XXXX/XX/ remember it in the late 1850's against the wall of the library of my grandfather Ward's house on Park Street, Boston. I remember well climbing up on a chair to look at the back of the books on the yet shelves, for I could not/read, and pulling out a volume of Professor Lane's translation of the Arabian Knights, for it gives emblazenment on a pale green cloth cover, and finding delightful engravings in it, strewn through the printed pages. of armies fighting in the air, of giant Afrits, of Sinbad the Sailor, and the like. We had driven in whoever we may have been - from my father's and mother's home by Jamaica Pond and I carried the book back with me when we returned. I Z nut my kind old nurse, Mrs. Hind, a Welsh woman, who received me in her arms, the first of all, when I was born and was as devoted to me as if her own. I remember well sitting up on a high chair in front of a glowing hard coal fire in the nursery while she read to me from the book, to which I added on another trip to Boston the other two, equally fascinating, volumes of the set. I was young enough still to have long, fair curls and not to have graduated into trousers yet. It was difficult reading for my nurse with long verses from the Koran interspersed in the set but I listened with attention as I looked into the fire and delighted in the tale. My grandfather's library looked out back on the Granary Burial Ground over a back garden that my grand- mother tended, while the front rooms on that floor, the dining room and parlor, looked out delightfully over the Common with the sunlight streaming in the afternoon on the walls and throwing/colored light from x glass prisms hanging from a great chandelier in the center of the parlor, the colored light shifting constantly on the wall as the afternoon sun descended. After my grandfather died, not long afterward, we lived for a winter in the house, which then was sold by my grandfather's executors, while we built our- selves a new home alongside my grandmother, being among the first to build on the new-made land beyond the Public Notes on matters to tell about Florida, ET mother and father's visit there to St. Augustine in 1850's; By father and my brother in the late 60's a with Henry Bowditch a companion; our own visit in the early 1880's, to St. Augustine when the railroad went no further. The trip up the river to the great spring in which it rose, clear to the deep bottomsand the toroh lighted trip up at night with dark forests on either side. The St. John's River with its orange plantations. The old book of the naturalist which Mr. Caldwalder of Philadelphia lent me in first edition when I was staying with Mrs. Colos in Philadelphiap and the trip across the southern Appalachians vise when only Indians inhabited them contained in the same volume. Canoeing in New England waters. Lenox and the Berkshires in early days. Newport in the early days. Rowing and sailing Spending our days on the water in the 1868 and 1869 at Bar Harbor with Abdrew Rodick as captain and his little schooner, The Lark. When we caught our fish, landed on a beech,built a fire, put up three sticks above it and swing a kettle and cooked our fish, No shore was private then. Palm Sunday in Rome If not already told. Baster in Rome. The old etruscan cities, The edlipse of the sun when I was staying with Colonel Fordyoo at Hot Springs, Arkansas. The hurrying dinosaur. whose tracks were found in Connecticut in a sandstone quarry, his footprints marked upon an ancient beach. The Southern Appalachions. The far-off past, has always hold great interest for me as the cause of the present, and in itself, as a world in contrast to our own. And as I came to know the southern Appalachians I wondered at their origin and of the older world which proceded them. And presently I got hold of new studies in goology which made things clear and what I learned was this, that formerly - once upon a time, as the old fairy tales commenced, there was a continent washing by the Atlantic ocean on one side and by a great inland sea upon the other, the Western