1933 1934 6/6/06 -A.B. Cammerer succeeds -St. Croix Asland national H.A. Albright, Dir. NPS (8/10) monent C. e. e-stablished -St. Auburn Cemetary plats -See [1934]re 7/7/33 entry. -Acadia postage stamp Jr. V Albright (10/10) exchange -death f Robert Homans, letter on Albrights retirement survived widow Abigail Adams for NPS. Encomiums! Homens (1879-1474). - ccc Trul Work summary -death of A. Lynam (1934-35) in Settules letter 3/21/35 - CrvilWorks Admin -David Rodich letter to UPS - Request of Jr. to contribute to c. w. Eliot memorial (5/3) Deadn (77/17/34)11 Cadillac Simunit House, - St. Fordanland Loom Atterburger JOR Fr.,FLO - JN disassociate self from WM. Holler. (8/29/33) gardmand Concessions. -atter cliff Paths /Dr. with Albright visits AMP c Soc. Int. (8/9/34) JOR 6BD (611). Report to Jr. -pinthday utter (12/29) to GBD - See 1934 (+) from Sug sches - Commerce becomes thead of UPS See 5/1/41 -Butter letter (12/27)to 680 - r-w Hole to a Lynam (3/24) on HCTPR history, from ares Cammerer deads Binghavis -One cc.c. report, - Birthday letter for Jr. (12/28) N Commers registration recounts accomplishments. - Master Last of Jr. gifts to U.S. - Jac, to Taylor @ (11/20) resorfacing road -BHT obst on A.H Lynam (12/19) From Jordan Pond to Eagle fakae Rd. -Dorr to Demaray (7/7) re S. Morison to with to Bond (6/10) ie name Brown Mt. gatehase dondte b charges of cuts. Jr. + occupant [1933] Ickes visits HOI -Park Naturalist Program 4 - - Hadley becomes Asst. Sup. of Park use of Scouphorary for PR. (B HT 1/31/34). - Gov. Brann presents pen used to create ANP to Halley, -Albright to Jr. on GBN's olmsted report to Jr. (5/24-27) is birthday Health (12/26) Motor Route and charplain let. (app.) + cream brove Completed (11/14/188) - Expansion ofties in 1930's (Unrau) + Littus to Jr. (10/3) on Lynamis health/recreation in Santo Raiband - Schoodic Loop Road begun (21935) - Lynam has shinger (12/5) I Jr. to Urs. Mifford (5/6) u other cliff -Lynam to Jr. on shingles and Dorr's road bldg success (2/15) property ach 4 ur. Dorr, Barttantor Backey +Trust List A -Jr. to allre. R.Miffordin HCTPR acquiry Directors - Both Lyrams other Creek Property (5/6) ne -Echo Camp becomes AMC cap Dorr / Eno ownership due to glt of land from GBD 1934 -Peters to Sr. (3/28)re Acadea Corp. - Srito Peters (9/27) re plans for acad Carp subscription increase for Jr. Tea Room atop Cadillac mt; 6BD approors Tomptzins to FL. (6/18) re Atterburgs Hot Dog Stand Dort's objections. -Albught to Jr. (8/31) m HAAA'S vist to acadea np to Secy road septem CBD's health. -Peters to Jr. (3/5) is new Acadia corp. stock -Seey H I ches visits ANP/Oldfarm - Origin + Activities of HETPR (9/10) COHT 8/22/34) - Panaraz to GBD u cee authority (2/27) -Jr.t GOD (12/28) on b- day c extensive connects on + their fliendship -Peters to Jr. (3/5) on Acaded Corp. i Cadillaellt vencessor. Page lof2 THE CCC IN ACADIA Jack Russell Il friends of Acadia National Park A revere Charles W. Eliot, George B. Dorr, and John D. Rockefeller Jr., the visionary founders of the heritage we serve today. In 2008, all who love Acadia also honor thousands of young men mustered from across Maine to work in the park and the sur- rounding communities as the Civilian Conservation Corps, whose 75th anniversary is observed this year. The park still benefits from the good works of those who came here in hard times to serve family, commu- nity, and nation. When Franklin Roosevelt became presi- dent in March of 1933, America had endured nearly four years of the Great Depression. Thirteen million were unemployed, a quar- ter of the national workforce. Throughout Maine, families suffered as towns struggled to provide relief. In mills from Biddeford to Millinocket, at the Bath ship yard, and in can- neries along the coast, workers lost jobs or took deep pay cuts. The County suffered most: St. John Valley potatoes sold for half their pre-WWI price if they sold at all; pay and jobs in the woods fell. Towns took farm produce and firewood as payment for taxes "Early Mess, "'an oil painting by Hugh Hegh, depicts a typical Civilian Conservation Corps breakfast at the McFarland Mountain camp. and gave them to their destitute. Hard times had also come to our own island. By 1933, more than 700 unemployed projects overseen primarily by the U.S. Forest owned property just south of Long Pond. (A men from Bar Harbor alone had registered Service and National Park Service (NPS). third camp was established near Ellsworth their need for work. Enrollees earned $30 a month of which $25 in June.) FDR acted swiftly on many fronts to pro- was sent home to their families. The letter of During the next nine years, thousands of vide relief and inspire hope. Of all the New one Maine mother speaks for most parents young men came to these camps for six Deal proposals passed by Congress during with a boy in the CCs: "If you didn't send months or more to work, learn, and grow. the Hundred Days, none helped families as home $25 a month, we couldn't get by." Most were sons of Maine farmers, woodsmen, quickly nor changed the American landscape Superintendent George B. Dorr, ever polit- mill workers, and quarrymen. Some were as deeply as the Civilian Conservation Corps ically-agile, quickly brought the CCC to high school graduates, more were not. Some (CCC), enacted on March 31, 1933. Acadia. By Memorial Day, when Mr. Dorr had labored in fields and woods but few came The "CCs," as it was fondly called by hosted Secretary of the Interior Harold Ickes with employable skills, SO they were eager enrollees, gave jobless young men new skills, and National Park Service Director Horace to learn. As the superintendent of the basic education, and healthy bodies through Albright at Old Farm, two CCC camps were MacFarland camp said, "They eat, sleep, employment in conservation work. Men 18- under construction on Mount Desert Island. work, and think as any other healthy Maine- 25 years old from families in need could The first was on MacFarland Mountain at the raised boys do and they are just as interest- enroll for periods of six months. They went current site of park headquarters on Eagle ed in their homes and families as you would to CCC camps run by the army to perform Lake Road. The second occupied privately- expect any Maine man to be." Dorr would Friends of Aoadia Journal. 13, # 2 (2008) 12-13 pg. 2 of 2 write that they "furnished the park with all baseball, hockey, basketball, boxing, plays, the labor it has had, road construction apart "A family visiting Acadia today and, most important of all, dances. A few and have enabled it to carry on, uninter- CCCers married island women and stayed. rupted, important work." might camp at Blackwoods, When other New Deal programs employed The important work of the CCC enrollees greet the sun with a walk along island men with quarry and road-building endures throughout Acadia. In 1933, once the Ocean Drive, and enjoy the skills, they occasionally taught CCC boys, as they built their year-round camps, they cleared did the local hands of the Rockefeller road brush and deadfall for fire control. But from mid-morning views from crews, when their work converged with CCC 1934 on, the CCC men maintained and Beech Cliff every step of projects, as they did on the Ocean Drive dur- improved the established trails within the park their passage through Acadia ing 1933-1937. and built new ones. Their labor built most of The CCC work still serves. A family visit- the trails in the rapidly expanding "park exten- would have been opened for ing Acadia today might camp at Blackwoods, sion" on the western side of MDI. CCCers them a long lifetime ago by the greet the sun with a walk along the Ocean made many short connector paths to the Park Drive, and enjoy the mid-morning views LoopRoad and the growing system of carriage CCs." from Beech Cliff. After a swim at Echo Lake roads steadily advanced by Rockefeller crews. they could take the Lurvey Spring fire road over to Long Pond for a walk up the west- ern side and a picnic on the rocks, followed by a hike up the Perpendicular Trail to admire the beautiful stone step work. Their good day might end at sunset beneath the century evergreens of Pretty Marsh. Every step of their passage through Acadia would have been opened for them a long lifetime ago by the CCs. The CCC ended in 1942 with national mobilization for World War II. Three million young men had enrolled in the CCC. More than 90 percent of them served in the war, fully a sixth of all those in uniform. After the war, these men and the families and com- munities they had served were champions for conservation. Fifty years after he worked in Acadia, Charles Arnold of York could say, "It was the best thing that ever happened to me!" Members of the Civilian Conservation Corps at work In 2008, we can say that the Civilian and at play during their time in Acadia. Photos Conservation Corps was one of the best courtesy National Park Service. things that ever happened to Acadia. Some 14 truck trails for fire and recreational design standards and, from 1935 on, were access were built by the boys. They con- conducted under the careful supervision of JACK RUSSELL and his wife, Sandy Wilcox, structed campgrounds and picnic areas, built park landscape architects. live at the north end of Echo Lake. When not foot bridges, and planted thousands of The surrounding communities welcomed volunteering on Acadia's trails, he flies away trees and shrubs to help reclaim areas tem- the CCC boys. They donated furniture and to advise regional economic development perarily disturbed by road and trail develop- books for the camps. (Atwater Kent provid- organizations on strategic planning and polit- All of their projects met established NPS ed a top-of-the-line radio.) Towns hosted ical communication. Vol.13,H2 FOA. Summer Fall 2008 13 ( 2008) National Park Service: CCC and the National Park Service Page 1 of 1 History Links to the Past I Search E Contact The National Park Service MENU Contents The Civilian Conservation Corps and The National Park Service, 1933-1942 Acknowledgements An Administrative History Brief History of the CCC National Park Service Role NPS Camps Contributions Overall Accomplishments Appendix Bibliography I CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps) Camp and the woodpile in Rocky Mountain National Park, May 26, 1933 National Park Service Historic Photograph Collection by John C. Paige National Park Service Department of the Interior 1985 Top History I Links to the Past I National Park Service I Search Contact Last Modified: Tues, Apr 4 2000 07:08:48 am PDT http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/paige/index.htm) ParkNet National Park Service http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/ccc/index.htm 7/16/2002 National Park Service: CCC and the National Park Service Page 1 of 3 The Civilian Conservation Corps and the National Park Service, 1933-1942: An Administrative History Chapter Five: - Overall Accomplishments, 1933-1942 Cover Page MENU Contents Acknowledgements Brief History of the CCC National Park Service Role NPS Camps Contributions Accomplishments Director Fechner talks to enrollee during inspection trip of camp NP-14 Rock Creek Park, Washington, D.C. Courtesy of the National Archives. Appendix Throughout the existence of the ECW/CCC, the program provided work for 5 percent of the Bibliography total United States male population. President Roosevelt's primary goal for the program was to take unemployed youths out of the cities and build up their health and morale while contributing to the economic recovery of the country. Not only would they receive wages for their work, but money would also be sent to their dependents SO that the program would provide benefits to the greatest number of people. The work was to restore the enrollees to physical health and increase their confidence in themselves and the nation. A secondary goal of the program was to effect needed conservation measures on forest, park, and farm lands. A related goal was to provide the nation with increased recreational opportunities. The Park Service saw the program as a way to accomplish conservation and development within the national parks and to assist in the creation and enlargement of a nationwide state parks system. [1] The first accomplishment of the CCC was having 250,000 young men working within three months of its establishment--the greatest peacetime mobilization of American youth. The next major accomplishment came in the coordination and development of a nationwide state parks program, one that was instrumental in establishing the first state parks for Virginia, West Virginia, South Carolina, Mississippi, and New Mexico. In 1934, Oklahoma and Montana designated their first parklands. New parks were added or existing parks were expanded in 17 other states, including New York, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, California, and Michigan, as a direct result of the program. The state parks program also gave the Park Service an opportunity to set standards for park development and planning throughout the nation. Concerning national parks and monuments, the Park Service asserted that during the first few months of operation the ECW advanced the cause of forestry work dramatically. It was estimated that millions of dollars of annual losses caused by forest fires, tree diseases, insects, rodent infestation, and soil erosion were prevented by this conservation effort. [2] Beginning in 1933 a series of silent motion pictures was produced about the activities of the http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/ccc/ccc5.htm 7/16/2002 National Park Service: CCC and the National Park Service Page 2 of 3 CCC in the national park areas. The motion pictures were part of a large campaign by the Roosevelt administration to gain support for the New Deal programs. By 1935 more than 30 films had been made showing work at Morristown National Historical Park, Mesa Verde National Park, and Glacier National Park, among others. The films ranged in content and design from training films for enrollees in forest conservation work to educational films for the general public on the benefits of the program for local communities and the nation. In addition, Director Fechner encouraged the parks to keep the local press informed of program activities. [3] One sure way to focus local and national attention on the program was to have celebrities visit the camps, foremost of whom was President Roosevelt. The first presidential visit was made on August 12, 1933, to camps in the Shenandoah Valley. The presidential party included Secretary of the Interior Harold Ickes, ECW Director Robert Fechner, National Park Service Director Arno Cammerer, and other dignitaries. Roosevelt's inspection tour began in Harrisonburg, Virginia. By lunch time the party had reached the Park Service Big Meadows' camp on Skyline Drive, where the president stopped to have lunch with the youths--steak, mashed potatoes, green beans, salad, ice tea, and mock apple pie. Here a photograph session was held with reporters and a short motion picture was made in which Roosevelt talked about the progress of the program and how it had already benefitted the nation and American youth. He concluded by quipping, "The only difference between us is that I am told you men have put on an average of twelve pounds each. I am trying to lose twelve pounds.' [4] During the summer of 1934, the president and his family visited Glacier and Hawaii national parks, inspecting the camps. Earlier, Eleanor Roosevelt had visited several eastern camps, including the one at Acadia National Park. In the summer of 1934, Director Fechner visited various CCC camps and was impressed with the amount of work accomplished in national parks. The work was becoming visible to the public in the form of new trails, campground facilities, and vista clearing. Within the national parks nearly 4,000 acres of campgrounds had been developed-ranging from primitive campsites to areas with fireplaces, parking spaces, and water systems. The Park Service estimated that the overall work in national parks and monuments amounted to more than $9 million in permanent improvements, and the value of state park work was set at over $27 million for the first two years. [5] In 1934 the Army conducted a contest to determine the finest company in each of the nine corps areas. The companies were given formal inspections and their records were reviewed by CCC officials to determine the winners. The black 323d company at Colonial National Monument won first place in the state of Virginia and second in the Third Corps area. That same year the black company from Colonial National Monument was invited to attend a William and Mary football game. Prior to the game the company marched out on the playing field, saluted the crowd, took their seats, and cheered for the home team. The William and Mary fans were delighted by the performance and sent complimentary letters to the superintendent. [6] By 1935, but three years after the program started, Park Service officials concluded that the CCC had advanced forestry and park development by 10 to 20 years. Equally impressive was the development of state parks: 41 states now had active state parks programs that were created, developed, and/or expanded through the CCC. The variety of projects undertaken on the state level, such as constructing wading pools, restocking fish streams, and creating artificial lakes, gave the enrollees rudimentary labor skills. [7] On July 3, 1936, President Roosevelt dedicated Shenandoah National Park. He took the opportunity to praise the contribution of the CCC in the establishment, development, and conservation of the new park and he called for establishment of a permanent conservation program. An editorial in The New York Times agreed with the president and praised the organization for providing useful employment for American youth and conserving the nation's parks and forests at a fair cost to taxpayers. A nationwide opinion poll taken in 1936 revealed that over 80 percent were in favor of continuing the CCC program, with the strongest support coming from the Rocky Mountain and Pacific Coast states. [8] Early in 1937 Roosevelt approved the use of four 100-member contingents, each from a different CCC camp, to march in the presidential inaugural parade. It was requested that one company be composed of black enrollees, and the first choice for that company was the Gettysburg CCC camp. There existed concern over the transporting and housing of the men http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/ccc/ccc5.htm 7/16/2002 National Park Service: CCC and the National Park Service Page 3 of 3 during and after the inaugural ceremony, however, and it was decided instead that the black company working on the National Arboretum would march in the parade. Two of the white contingents chosen were from NPS camps in Virginia and Washington, D.C. [9] As of 1938 the CCC had developed more than 3 million acres for park use in 854 state parks. A third of these acres were acquired and developed between September 1936 and September 1937. The CCC had also developed 46 recreational demonstration projects in 62 areas within 24 states. By this time Park Service superintendents believed that CCC work on trails, campgrounds, and picnic areas explained the 25 to 500 percent park visitation increase that the parks were enjoying. [10] In 1938 the national parks and monuments had the best fire suppression record in a decade, an achievement attributed to the improved detection and fire-fighting methods developed during the period of CCC work. [11] American dignitaries were not the only visitors to the CCC camps. In June 1939, King George VI of Great Britain and his queen toured CCC camps in Virginia. President Roosevelt presented the couple with a handcrafted CCC photographic album as a memento of the trip. In 1940 the Duke of Windsor visited with Roosevelt while en route to become governor general of the Bahamas. The duke asked Roosevelt if he might inspect a CCC camp as he considered adopting a similar work program for the Bahamas. President Roosevelt arranged for him to visit a camp in Virginia. [12] Over the years the CCC camps were not only opened to royalty but to the American public. On special occasions or on days of local importance the camps often were opened for public inspection and special activities were planned for the day. Most camps held open houses to commemorate the establishment of the CCC. On the seventh anniversary of the CCC, President Roosevelt wrote a laudatory letter to Director McEntee commending the corps for its service to American youth and its protection of natural resources. [13] By the time the CCC was terminated in 1942 a total of 2 million enrollees had performed work in 198 CCC camps in 94 national park and monument areas and 697 camps in 881 state, county, and municipal areas. Through the CCC program 711 state parks had been established. In a public opinion poll taken shortly after the beginning of World War II, the CCC was ranked as the third greatest accomplishment of the New Deal program. [14] Today, people look back on the Civilian Conservation Corps as one of the most successful New Deal programs. Several organizations have been formed composed of former CCC members and people interested in the program. In almost every presidential campaign, one candidate or another proposes to inaugurate a new CCC program. In less than 10 years the CCC left a lasting legacy for America and the National Park Service. The extensive development and park expansion made possible by the CCC was in large part responsible for the modern national and state park systems. Top History I Links to the Past I National Park Service I Search Contact Last Modified: Fri, May 12 2000 07:08:48 am PDT http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/paige/ccc5.htm ParkNet National Park Service http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/ccc/ccc5.htm 7/16/2002 Pagelof2 1973 l. [The C.C.C. in Acadia] Draft document LIEC Early in t he winter of 1933 I went on to Washington unter and stayed till the opening of spring in Acadia National Park brought me back to Maine. This was a momentous period in national affairs, covering the close of President Hoover's administration and the dramatic opening of President Roosevelt's term 0 with its new plans and policies. In two of these new plans the Cc. C. camps and the acquisition by the Federal Government 2) and Reinded of sub-marginal lands Acadia National Park wasinterested, I felt, and I took them up accordingly with those in charge while still at Washington, asking for two C.C.C. Camps Rinded in the eastern and the western sections of the Park, divided by the deep indentation of the Somes Sound fiord. Plans for the camps got underway at once and I was able to make preliminary arrangement for them before leaving Washington; under the land-acquisition program I was anxious particularly to secure some wonderful duck waters where the tide, flowing in and out, floods and empties the Bass Harbor marshes at the southwestern extremity of Mount Desert Island directly in the course of the famous emply Atlantic coast migration poute of birds, anainat still followed, though in fewer species and with diminished numbers. 9.90 While I was in Washington that spring of 1933 urging forward our radio station building plan, that contract should be the project XXXX we had labored on so long and saved with such effort from defeat should not at the last moment come to nothing through the lapsing of our building fund, two new develop= ments took place whose importance to the Park I grasped at onces the establishment of C.O.C. camps and the by purchase it the Government of abandoned farmlands.. an elastic term which might be made to cover more than stated. .I made application for Acadia for two campas, locating them and getting High all fit up so that there might be no siste before I 1 oft for Maine. For acquisition of lands under the abandoned farm measure I laid out an area of approximately five thousand acres stretching across from the Sea Well radio station lands, a wartine set-up,which, no longer useful to the Govern- ment, I had got some years before transferred to the Park, two western mountains, including the Bass Harbor marshes which I particularly wanted for an Aoquatio bird preserve and neeting ground, and chalked out in red upon a map which I took to Mr. in charge of this development in the Nat'onal Park Service, and left with him, hoping but not confident that some- acquatic bird preserve Page I ,F3 Courier The National Park Service Newsletter Vol. 28, No. 4 Washington, D.C. April 1983 It's 50 years since CCC went into action A total of 2,500 lookout towers were built by The library was an important feature of every CCC camp. the CCC to strengthen forest fire protection systems. By Conrad L. Wirth and training, education, health care, and Burton K. Wheeler's prediction that James F. Kieley family assistance. "Congress will jump through a hoop The new Administration and the to put them through" proved correct. Congress got down to work on the Within a month a total of some 13 If ever an idea coincided with the recovery effort within the week. On major legislative enactments were sent need for it, that idea was the Civilian the evening of his inauguration the to the White House for approval. Conservation Corps-the CCC. The President conferred with his principal One of those bills, which became need was born of the Great advisers and that very night made the the Civilian Conservation Corps Act, Depression of the 1930s. The idea was decision that started the first hundred was introduced on March 21 and the brain child of Franklin D. days of action for economic reform passed on March 31. It authorized the Roosevelt, who was inaugurated 50 and restructure. Those decisions establishment of an independent years ago March 4 with a pledge to produced executive orders that closed agency along the lines of an turn the economy around and head all the country's banks for 4 days, organization chart that FDR had the Nation toward recovery under the prohibited the shipment of gold and roughly sketched on a desk pad. He New Deal. The CCC was a bold and silver, and called Congress into special had gone SO far as actually to write the singularly successful undertaking, not session to deal with the financial crisis. name of the CCC director in the only because it involved a unique Leading bankers were summoned to topmost box. That was Robert arrangement of interdepartmental Washington to advise on the Fechner, a gifted administrator who collaboration, but also because its emergency. Congress convened at had come up in the organized labor broad objectives ranged from the noon on March 9 and passed movement to become general vice conservation of natural resources to legislation which allowed the banks to president of the International restoration of human dignity and well reopen. Other emergency bills were Association of Machinists. He also being through gainful employment on quickly submitted by the stipulated that the director was to worth-while projects combined with Administration and enacted. Senator report directly to the White House, not 2 of 3 through channels. The Department of would come within the purview of the subdivisions of the States. Director Labor was assigned the task of CCC program. This gave the National Albright believed that the best way to recruiting the CCC enrollees. The Park Service its first directed accomplish the new objective would Army was to be responsible for responsibility to cooperate with the be through a regional system rather housing, feeding and clothing the States in developing State park than working directly out of enrollees, and providing for their systems, and Albright sent wires that Washington. To start things off, health and educational needs. The day to all State park authorities asking however, the Service got in touch with Departments of the Interior and them to come to Washington for S. Herbert Evison who at that time Agriculture were to plan the work consultation. was executive officer of the National projects and give technical supervision Although the first National Park Conference on State Parks. He became to the enrollees on the job. In a Service director, Stephen T. Mather, principal assistant to Assistant Director footnote to his chart the President and Horace Albright were Conrad L. Wirth who had been wrote: "I want personally to check on instrumental in forming the National designated by Albright to organize the the position, scope, etc., of the camps, Conference on State Parks in 1921, the State park program. Many of the size, work done, etc." Service's relationship with State park States had no parks at all, and the The CCC accepted for enrollment people had been purely informal and CCC program was the beginning of young men between the ages of 17 social, largely of a seminar nature, up State park systems in more than half and 25 who were "unemployed and in to 1933. The CCC program provided of the States of the Union. The need of employment." Most of the the first opportunity to work in close Service's regional offices for enrollees had dependents at home and cooperation with the State parks and emergency work appointed inspectors were required to send $22 of their the park systems in the political to give general supervision to the monthly cash allowance of $30 to their families. The majority of them continued their education in the camps, which offered high school and even college level courses. In addition, training was given in various lines of skilled work, thus increasing the individual's opportunity for development after leaving the Corps. As the result of outdoor work, regular hours, good food, and adequate medical and general health care, enrollees gained weight and improved physically after their first few weeks in camp. Disclosure of the CCC concept sent a shockwave of anticipation through the departments involved The first inkling of how it would affect the National Park Service came in a Adequate hospital facilities were a part of every CCC camp. memorandum of March 13 from Director Horace M. Albright to Senior Assistant Director Arthur Demaray reporting reliable information he had received that the Departments of War, Interior and Agriculture would be involved in "reforestation" projects under the provisions of a $500 million bond issue relief bill. He suggested that Chief Forester John Coffman be asked to compile a forest improvement budget at once, so the Service would be ready for whatever allocation of emergency funds it might receive. On April 3, Director Albright was assigned by the Secretary of the Interior Harold L. Ickes to represent him at a series of meetings with Louis McHenry Howe, secretary to the President. He reported to the Secretary that in those sessions it was disclosed that Fechner was, in fact, to be named Director of the Civilian Conservation Corps and that he would have an advisory council representing the cooperating Federal departments. It A foreman shows how automobile engine cylinders were rebored. A part of the project training was also announced that State parks program designed to increase the enrollee's changes of employment after leaving camp. COURIER April 1983 2 3 of 3 forests it had built roads and trails, camp grounds and picnic grounds, cabins, bathhouses, water lines, telephone lines, fire trails, hiking trails, bridges, and more. The 3,612,800 young men who served single or multiple 6-month enrollments over the Corps' life of 9 years were physically fit, trained in an impressive array of trades and job skills, and constituted an exceptional source of manpower for military service. Hundreds of army officers received experience readily translatable into mobilization operations. Moreover, the armed services were given first claim on the trucks, heavy equipment, buildings and supplies remaining in the camps at the time of liquidation. The CCC success story has long been remembered, especially by former enrollees who have organized themselves to preserve the name and fame of the Corps. They celebrated its 50th anniversary during a ceremony at Big Meadows in Shenandoah National Park, Va., on April 5 when the U.S. Postal Service issued a 20-cent Civilian Conservation Corps commemorative stamp. In this 50th anniversary year, the Reconstruction of monastery at the La Purisima Mission State Historical Monument Calif. Adobe 1916 Society of the Employees and bricks were manufactured by CCC enrollees. Alumni Association of the National Park Service has chosen the Civilian Conservation Corps as the theme of its Federal interest in State park activities, to move toward making the United 67th Founders Day Dinner, August 25, and the success of the operation led to States the "arsenal of democracy" in commemorating the National Park bringing the entire Service under a World War II. As defense preparations Service Act. regional administrative structure. progressed, employment levels rose Secretary Ickes designated Director and the public works projects of the (Editor's Note: Photos were reproduced by the Albright to represent the Department depression period were National Geographic Society from an album on the CCC Advisory Council. correspondingly reduced. During the owned by Connie Wirth. The CCC album-one Albright's first step in that capacity shift there was talk of retaining the of only six made-was designed and was to designate Chief Forester CCC and revamping its administrative hand-crafted for the most eminent of the era Coffman to take charge of National structure to abolish the office of President Roosevelt presented a copy to the King Park Service CCC work and also to director, relieve the Army of its of England, George VI.) coordinate the participation of other responsibilities, and operate the bureaus of the Department. Assistant program through a coordinating Director Wirth, in addition to carrying committee consisting of an executive responsibility for the State park assistant to the President and program, was designated by Secretary representatives of the Departments of Ickes as the Department's the Interior and Agriculture. That plan representative on the CCC Advisory was recommended to the White House Council from 1937 to 1943. early in 1940 by Secretary of the President Roosevelt's declared wish Interior Ickes with the concurrence of to have 250,000 CCC enrollees in Secretary of Agriculture Henry A. camps and at work by June 30 was Wallace, but was rejected by President fulfilled The first enrolles were Roosevelt in the belief that the Corps selected on April 7 and the first should not lose its original identity. As 200-man camp was established in war came closer many facets of the George Washington National Forest in CCC program gradually disappeared. Virginia, 10 days later. By July 1 the The final decision to liquidate was 1933-1983 Corps numbered 300,000. reached on June 30, 1942. Congress Civilian Conservation Corps USA20, Termination of the CCC was ordered termination of the CCC and dictated by the exigencies of war. voted $8 million to defray the cost of From the time that Hitler's its dismantlement. New CCC commemorative stamp. issued on determination to conquer all of Europe The legacy of the CCC was Apr 5. at Big Meadows in Shenandoah NP, became clear, the Administration began considerable and varied. In parks and Va. 3 COURIER/April 1983 National Park Service: Expansion of the NPS in the 1930s Page 1 of 1 Enjlingbook History Links to the Past I Search E Contact The National Park Service MENU Administrative History: Expansion of the National Park Service in the 1930s Contents Harlan D. Unrau Foreword G. Frank Williss Preface September 1983 pre-1933 Reorganization New Deal Recreation History NPS 1933-39 Recommendations Bibliography Appendix Uen, Park National Park Service Historic Photograph Collection National Park Service * Denver Service Center Top History I Links to the Past I National Park Service I Search I Contact Last Modified: Fri, Aug 3 2001 02:48:04 pm EDT http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/unrau-williss/adhi.htm ParkNet National Park Service http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books//unrau-williss/adhi.htn 8/19/2002 Page 1 of 3. ADDRESS ONLY THE DIRECTOR, NATIONAL PARK SERVICE WASHINGTON. D. c. UNITED STATES april 25 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE 933 WASHINGTON Dear the Lynew, In you lette 7-april 6 you speel, h th P.S., of light r electric pump Contracts the latered into by ch Part Mallham to unit to forth from not didys unwach x In what us shall have finds for We have bad a Cut as you know of 25% h on 434 ah- profitation, whit baun little lu.way take it that the light fullus are ADDRESS ONLY THE DIRECTOR, NATIONAL PARK SERVICE WASHINGTON. D. c. UNITED STATES 2. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE WASHINGTON installed, K that the operating differences only are to be provided for, in either Case_ Would it wrt be well that M austin his assistants though go our make some estimate of the annual Chays 2 The if ym will let The kum, I will take it of with Nawach Mr attitudy is atwing M the Radis buildings plan r making good program unit the Cest ADDRESS ONLY THE DIRECTOR. NATIONAL PARK SERVICE WASHINGTON. D. C. UNITED STATES 3. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE WASHINGTON we have had take, it much Clon Calculating righty Mr Taylor, / the Aeroice's who was at Ba Harm last Summ, N al Schoolie a the Unite, on throad N. lite fur- buys, is corperating with m attenbing K Kape and as well with the havemen, who also an unking m details of the plant - to all is moving, r as rapidly as it Can Im Dincently G.Ram $2.00 A YEAR Holds PLANS PERFECTED FOR MAY PARTY FOR THE RED CROSS Brann Here For Fish Acadia To Casino to be a Bright and Lively And Game Meeting Forestation eunion Place for Cards on Monday Afternoon--Big Attendance Looked For Governor to Address Annual Meet- Roadside and Reforestation Work tures Please ing of Mt. Desert Fish and to be Undertaken in Acadis runswick From the reports of various com- Game Association National Park Friday mittees, Mrs. C. E. Marcyes said to- Situation day, it is evident that the May Day At the annual meeting of the Mt. Acadia National Park will have the IMES) party of the Red Cross, for which Miss Desert Island Fish and Game Asso- Maine Reforestation Camp, when More than 90 men mbers of the Louise Leland is general chairman, ciation to be held on Friday evening, some 200 men will be in camp on land up for work on the Boston and will be one of the biggest successes May 5, in Bar Harbor, Governor near Eagle Lake, for work in the for- Mountain on the fifth annual ever recorded in many years of Red Louis J. Brann will speak Hon. Guy ests which will take the place of Ribes to be completed under the Hotel Cross May Day Parties and sales. E. Torrey, president, speaking of the control and other forest improvement tigh of Edward & Zimmer, g and in the Mrs. Marcyes is in charge of the work of the Association which has and protection. The announcement, [stidacape architeet of the nded, it was cards and her, committee has been only just completed its first few made in a Washington dispatch, Park Service, who, with Mr lul that the hard at work for the success of this months of organization, said today reached here Monday. At the Nacion- and their three years old nwsick ball- part of the program. The Casino will that he is gratified over plans for ac- al Park office, in the absence of Sunt have arrived in Bar Harbor nt facilities be transformed into a pleasant place complishments already made and George B. Dorr, Chief Ranger B. L. months or more. rave to the for such a gathering and already Secretary Carl G. Nowack, the Asso- Hadley, interviewed by a TIMES Mr. Zimmer will be wei dity so de- many people have taken tables as a ciation's secretary, said that/his books representative, said that no plans of bered here for heywas in Aca this kind. pleasant way of entertaining friends show a membership of 219, all paid, a any kind had been formulated here as ing up from Yorktown last the affair in there scarce dozen of these being summer yet and that he could give out nothing for nearly the entire season atulated in There will be opportunity for the residents who have, by joining, shown definite with regard to matters per- commenced work on the he obstacles purchase of beautiful spring flowers, of their interest. taining to the camp's establishment paths which, last fall, eve vailing eon- delicious candies home-made bf the The Association has conservation as this week. pleted, won the praise of all best that Bar Harbor's famous cooks one of its distinct aims and only re- The Washington dispatch says: them Sam Bittel have to offer In the way of cooked cently President Torrey has brought A dispatch from Washington say3: Mr. Zimmer has appoint as the out- food. forward, much to the gratification of Sites for 50 conservation work corps C. Mitchell foreman, as last read an air The party is to be held at the all concerned, the plan of having the camps, approved by President Roose- one of his chief assistants in I fellowship Casino this year and all those who Association function along practical velt. were announced Saturday by is Allen Mitchell. Both are Mr. Bittel would like to come are asked to phone lines of training boys in the proper Robert Fechner, director of the con- as are the crews and the the best Mrs. Marcyes who will make all ar- handling and use of the various equip- servation-employment program. one of the biggest in this out pleased rangements for their playing either ment which goes with hunting and Ten thousand of the 250,000 un great factor in the solutic nes of other auction for contract. It is hoped fishing, the rod and the gun and all employed men to be recuited under unemployment problem. the evening that thuse who do not care for cards the proper equipment for either sport. the President's forestation program A large crew went to wor cess of the will come and be patrons of the party At the recent/regular meeting of the he said, will have an opportunity to mountain Monday morning team with at the booths as the needs of this Association Président Torrey said he spend the summer among the scenic ditional men are going on W a thrilling Red Cross chapter like those of all would like to see the Association en- national parks and monuments. morning. It is stated at accorded a others are very great at this season of courage the younger men and boys They will be scattered through 14 office that more than twice t han, noted the year. along these lines. He suggested that --Arizona, Arkansas, Californ- ber of local men are availa master of trips might be arranged whereby ia, Colorado, Maine, Montana, Ten- ists already made. ined with PHYSICAL EDUCATION DEPT. boys could be taken out by the State nessee, North Carolina, Oklahoma, me of which GIVES PUBLIC EXHIBITION wardens and Acadia National Park Oregon, Utah, Virginia, Washing- SEAL HARBOR SCENE nging. This Rangers and taught to fish properly ton and Wyoming. BEAUTIFUL EASTER ing Chinese Pupils of Bar Harbor Schools and shown how to know which fish to The Maine caps will be located nality that Present Clever Program at take and which to put back in the at Eagle Lake in Acadia National For He Had Great Poss success of Casino water. Park. Repeated at Neighborhoo The committee which will begin The first of the camps will be lo- by Cast Giving it on I to be out- Some 400 people, 220 of them stu- the work for carrying out this plan is cated in the Blue Ridge mountains Sunday at Northeas intertainers, dents, were in the Casino to see one as follows: William Thurston, South- of Virginia. Baker, of the most interesting physical edu- west/Harbor: Stanley B. Hyde, South- "The work to be undertaken in Under the auspices of St. ritone who cation programs ever put on here by west Harbor; Ralph Trott, Lewis the national parks and monuments and-St. Jude's and the Mt new waltz Howard 1. Disque who has taken the Salisbury, Bar Harbor; 1. Lawrie is expected to be productive of very Larger Parishes, the East ful Maine" department through to great success. Holmes, Malcolm Dana, Northeast valuable results," Fechner said in a For He Had Great Possessio ray Little. Experts in the line, teachers and Harbor; John Burke, Seal Harbor: statement. "Roadside clean-up as repeated at Seal Harbor on 1. 'Jimmie' others, declare that Mr. Disque put C. Doane Candage, Seal Harbor; is fire hazard reduction measure evening at he has a on a program which would have done W. E. Clark, Southwest Harbor; along the highways; clearing out The stage was effectively ould bring great credit to a college student pro- George H. Beard, Bar Harbor; Ches- dead standing and down trees, dead formed into a place where suel e 4) (Continued on page 4) (Continued on page 4) (Continued on page 4) (Continued on page 4) 20% MORE PROTECTION again COLD TROUD RODICK SORE THROAT and BAD BREAT Spring cold) are frequently hardest to check. It's Estate -- Inusrance ways to avoid them. Thousands of people do easily just by sungline with M131 da Lub in one of the The little ceremony OI presention force at Washington, was present als ough which we hope much needed contri Mountain Road there; on the mountain top amid and Mrs. Nowack and Mrs. Zimm grey rocks in a howling wind, of the were guests with other visiting ladi e life of the young people pen which signed the first Act of the and the Legion auxiliary members Jays when the fishing indus- rading. Opened Monday 86th Legislature, used by Governor the Congregational church dinner. Brann, to make possible the taking Gifts of beautiful flowers to M1 -REV. ORVILLE J. GUPTILL. over of land, if necessary, to expedite MAY 3 Brann and to Mrs. Waterhouse, pres the building of the Rockefeller road, dent of the Legion Auxiliary of Mai Governor Brann Comes to Bar so-called, the new project long con- were a gracious and graceful featu Harbor for Season's Official, sidered, was a simple but impressive of the day. Mrs. Charles Parke ISTS SIR SAMUEL ARGALL Opening of Acadia Park one past president of Kirk Post Auxiliar AMONG MAINE PIRATES Highway Supt. George B. Dorr to whom; at presented to Mrs. Waterhouse, the request of Senator George Har beautiful bouquet, while Mrs. Jc (Special to THE TIMES) Bar Harbor's part in the May Day mon of Hancock County, a resident of B. Ells, president of Kirk Post Aux Augusta, April 24.-Sir Samuel Ar- celebration, cooperating with Ells- Bar Harbor, the pen was to be pre- ary, made a like presentation to iv all, piratical admirar of Virginia, worth on the occasion of the visit of sented, was represented by Chief Brann. ho sacked the colony of Saint Governor Louis J. Brann, was carried Ranger B. L. Hadley as acting super- Beautiful flowers were also auveur, Mount Desert, is one of the out under sunny skies. intendent, Supt. Dorr being in Wash- sented to Mrs. Brann and to arly freebooters whose character It was the third occasion of note to ington and Assistant Superintendent Waterhouse by the Bar Harbor C nd cafeers are described in the forth- take place on Cadillae's summit sitice A. H. Lynam being just recovering ber of Commerce. These were un oming book "Pirates of the Maine the founding of Ácadia National from illness. ally exquisite corsages, of orchids written by and to be published Park and the only time when the The ceremony was one not Hawes, Hallowell sun has shone. The beautiful land other flowers, from the Malvern those who attend scape was spread out in loveliness, Shop: ed it and there were hundreds. The Argalis early THE in Virginia, his with neither rain nor fog to mar, scene was a picturesque one. Over The Pen Which Signed the predations along the Maine coast, The program of the head circled an airplane. Uniforms, Act of the 86th Legislature d his subsequent history as a graft- where the Governor opened Acadia the khaki of several of the staff, the The pen presentation was one g governor and a comparatively un- National Park's summit road fcr the deep handsome, gold-corded blue of thoughtful courtesy on the part of ccessful naval officer, are the sub- first spring season since its dedica- the Legionnaires, the forest green of concerned. While this had to do e ets of a lengthy chapter in Mr. tion, and in Ellsworth, where he was the ranger force of Acadia, the blue of tirely with the Governor's visit to i awes' manuscript. head of the distinguished group the State Police, all went to make up Park, yet the American Legion is W The author of "Pirates of the Maine honoring Commander E. V. Cleaves a perfect ensemble. And moving of the Department of Maine, Ameri- represented in the Park Service her past" declares that the Jamestown slowly, but surely and steadily, smart can Legion, went through to perfect by Mr. Hadley, by Chief Engine miral can be quite properly included spirited and graceful, came a group, success and there was scarcely W.G. Hill of Acadia, and by Range the mounted men of the Headquarters Mr. Hawes, would at- variation from the time schedule, so MacQuinn and Campbell. So, in th Battery and Combat Train, 2d :k a peaceful colony of a friendly well had Roy c. Haines of Ellsworth too, Commander Cleaves and Battalion, 152d Field Artillery, of planned the whole. Legionnaires were interested: tion, make prize of its only ship, Bar Harbor. Their bright scarlet Arriving in Bar Harbor, the Govern Some weeks ago in response it its dwellings, steal its founder's pennon gleamed, they sat their horses immission, and charge its leaders and or and his party went to George Ed- letter from Senator George Harmc well, they were trig and smart from Bar Harbor, Governor Brann W ests with piracy? win Kirk Post Headquarters. From visor to spur, and they were in com- there they went to the high school, the following: People of eastern Maine should mand of Sergeant Walter I. Leland, d much to interest them in the where they were received by Supt. Lieut. Seth E. Libby, next in com- Office of the Governo on-to-be-published volume, which George H. Beard and Principal Carle- mand to E. V. Cleaves, who is captain Augusta, April 2, the result of fifteen months' re- ton S. Fuller, the teaching staff and of the Battery, he organized, being Hon. George Harmon, urch in the Maine State Library at students: Governor Brann. though with the Legion party. Bar Harbor, Me. gusta historically spoke briefly, succeeded, apparent- Governor Brann, in speaking at the ly, in winning everyone in the Dear Senator: eurate narratives (included, is that stimmit, recalled a vivid bit of his- scribed the conquest on what is building. I am sending you the pen us W Eastern Maine, then westerly Then the Governor and his staff tory, paid tribute to the man who the Chief Executive in the sigri took time to pay a brief visit to the founded the Park, Supt. George B. adia, by the Dutch pirvateer the first Act of the 86th Legisl Casino where the local Red Cross Dorr, and to his able and courteous 'lying Horse" and the Rhoades known as the "Acadia Park Act. rates. One John Rhoades of Boston, Chapter was putting on its usual May staff, who had greeted him. I take great pleasure in ser Day party. There he was greeted by The mountain top presented a pic- adventurer, entered Fort Pentagoet the pen and trust I may have Mrs. W. E. Patterson, Mrs. C.,E. ture, too, of activity which was heart- Castine in disguise and obtained Marcyes, Miss Louise Leland and ening to the state's chief executive, he opportunity soon of renewing my VC formation which he passed on to remarked as he looked about, for the agreeable acquaintance with you. Gurraen Aernouts of Curacao. Mrs. Mark Grant, the chairmen of the summit project of paths, under the di- heg remain, ernouts took Pentagoet Fort Jem- day. The procession fo. med again and rection of Edward S. Zimmer, land- Faithfully yours, 3. and various trading posts along LOUIS J. BRANN Maine and New Brunswick coast, the cars swept out of town and on up scape architect of the Park Service, who has just arrived from Washing- Govern claim to the entire district. over Eagle Lake road. Everywhere flags were flying and the underway with a crew of nearly When the Governor made region, for looting the ships of lined eager for a glimpse a hundred men. presentation to Chief Hadley ders along the coast, Rhoades and of the State's Chief Executive. Assisting in Monday he said: real followers were convicted of On the mountain summit, though commodious antificily arranged park- "At the request of Senator H acy. the beautiful area basked under sunny ing space on the summit were Ranger mon of Bar Harbor, I am pleased Pirates of the Maine Coast," which skies, the wind was so strong that Charles Haas, Ranger-Naturalist Ar- present to Supt. George B. Dorr of be illustrated, indexed, and will hearing speeches was next to impos- thur Stupka, who has arrived for his Acadia National Park, through ain a list of sources, is now being sible. second season, and Ranger Orient Y. personal respresentacive, Chier na on subscription. Governor Brann was introduced by Thompson. Rangers W. B. Campbell er B. L. Hadley, this pen used by Capt. E. Vaughan Cleaves of Bar and Vernon A. MacQuinn were with as Chief Executive of the State Harbor, Commander of the Depart- State Motor Patrol Officer Arthur Maine in signing the first Act pas ment of Maine, American Legion and Ashmore, escorting the Governor's by the 86th Legislature and known a member of the Governor's Staff. party, meeting them at the bridge, the "Acadia National Park A Scarcely more than ten minutes while Ranger Dana Young was driv- (being an Act to Amend Section FRANKLIN went by in that speechmaking. Chair- ing the Park car in which Mr. Had- of Chapter 5 of the Revised Statu man of the Day Roy C. Haines seemed ley met the Governor's party. of 1930) making possible the tak to be everywhere at once, looking out At the banquet Monday night at of land for National Park purpo Charles E. Dwellev not alone for the comfort of distin- Ellsworth Chief Ranger Hadley hav- thereby removing the 18 The Homeslead BOOKING OFFICES access NEW YORK RITZ-CARLTON HOTEL WASHINGTON THE MAYFL NER Open all the Year HOT SPRINGS, VIRGINIA May 4, 1933 Dear Mr. Lynam: I have been recently looking over your letter to me of November 28th with its enclosures in regard to the Wild Gardens of Acadia. When you last talked with Mr. Dorr about the possibility of his deeding this property to Acadia National Park, retaining for his organization the right to operate it as was done with the Abbey Museum, you found him not sym- pathetic to the idea. It may be that after further reflection he will feel differently about it. When I am in Maine, I shall be glad to dis- cuss the subject with you again. In the meantime, I am wondering whether you have had prepared a plan showing all of Mr. Dorr's personal real es- tate holdings as well as all the property owned by the Wild Gardens of Acadia in their relation to land owned by the Park and myself. I think it is important that you and I study this whole prob- lem and work together in an effort to help Mr. Dorr so arrange his affairs that what he really desires to have done with this property after he passes on will be done. His lack of experience in matters of this kind may result in his not knowing how best to accomplish that end. My present plan is to reach Seal Harbor Saturday morning, May 13th, and to remain three or four days. Very truly, John Complex Mr. A. H. Lynam Bar Harbor Maine ADDRESS ONLY THE DIRECTOR. NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Cosmers pages. Pg. I of 7 WASHINGTON. D. C. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Club NATIONAL PARK SERVICE WASHINGTON Wear m Lynam, may [1933] 9th I am long indud that you have been all,And glad you are about again - - I lost forward getting back from, N then the you - Take things lidely that well_ Im letter Came this morning- In regard to the R- for electricity lodge Contract you luclosed me Coty of, it reads, m thosking hourter ADDRESS ONLY THE DIRECTOR, NATIONAL PARK SERVICE WASHINGTON. D. C. 2 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE WASHINGTON but when Money it th in, for fun years but Singh the Park Can Contract only for angear ahead are voted it Coupons I'm not an dusland the building to fabushed of this presents a Complication al th out set, forth Party has to finds for this, Whiet but Mom Hal to a Considuable effects and the Stufflea withham think quite certainly, Nis 1/80 furniture ADDRESS ONLY 3 THE DIRECTOR. NATIONAL PARK SERVICE WASHINGTON. D. C. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE WASHINGTON Only an get outh basis till he shall pass successfully Card Service examinations, Winning out again Competition from the whole Country own. told the P that Datles Would Mccupy lody, but what is really needed in some One Away the toed folks who is equipted & furnis it than a wife Xfamily to make home - Stupka "slong, ADDRESS ONLY THE DIRECTOR, NATIONAL PARK SERVICE WASHINGTON. D. c. UNITED STATES 4 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE WASHINGTON a Co- - Student anthin at College, is arken Verthadeastec a naturalist as he r Cannot be asked to stay at have tend the lodge x ther hist the 25% Cut made On am 1934 approximations shall we ham either funds W authority to lumbly an additional Hough, Deatonal premanent, to occupy the lodge, or provide him, were it acherence, with the heallay ADDRESS ONLY THE DIRECTOR, NATIONAL PARK SERVICE WASHINGTON. D. c. UNITED STATES 5 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE WASHINGTON Car, the them of its uptemp- But buttood out The best thing word be for Mn Q. toup some on thereform his road crew, ligina N atte, till dif- fieult, period shall poor, Vongeon shall make fortunith th lodge provide a man to occupy it r look after of that section, patie thing the house roads N the train - - ADDRESS ONLY THE DIRECTOR, NATIONAL PARK SERVICE 6 WASHINGTON. D. C. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE WASHINGTON Imotend out unit M Albright A Jame other yostuday the Hoom Camp hi the Blue Ridge mom tain, which with lu used now by Roosentl, for Whom a port with Constructed Chance for Daning - It is a pleasant shot Ann the a wooded bally where a frash Stream Comes down unit pleasent And (wood lilen Waild violets grow as outly Eight Lake- It ADDRESS ONLY THE DIRECTOR. NATIONAL PARK SERVICE WASHINGTON. D. c. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 7 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE WASHINGTON he the Shenan doah National Park When the land for then has been acquired which ter yet it has not but in hart Their of perimen lu land purchasing would And familia & you ! you Friency Gloga Bower LAW OFFICES DEASY, LYNAM, RODICK & RODICK ALBERT H. LYNAM DAVID O. RODICK BAR HARBOR BANKING & TRUST BUILDING SERENUS B. RODICK BAR HARBOR, MAINE May 16, 1933 Mr. John D. Rockefeller, Jr., 26 Broadway, New York City Dear Mr. Rockefeller: Now that the Brown Mountain Lodge has been trans- ferred to the Government, we have been in communication with Mr. Dorr endeavoring to get the light and power contract executed by the Park, thus relieving you from your obligation. You will recall that the Power Company before it would put in the light and power line, required a five year contract, that I arranged with your permission for you to pay for such current used and at least the minimum charge until some arrangement was made with the Park auth- orities. Mr. Dorr writes us explaining the difficulties, a copy of his letter is enclosed. The Power Company has received compensation for a part of the five years and now wishes a contract for the balance of the five years. If the Park occupies the house it will of course use and pay for the current. If as Mr. Cammerer says, the Park can not make a contract for five years, might you not agree with the Power Company to pay the required min- imum charge for the remainder of the term, if the Park DE ASY, LYNAM, RODICK & RODICK J. D. R. Jr., -2- 5/16/33 omitted to do so. This the Power Company is satisfied with. We are enclosing a copy of the original unexecuted contract, which you handed me, that you may review the terms. Yours truly, [A. 14. Lynam ?] 1933 Memorandum for Mr. Dorr In compliance with the request for tabulated information concerning Acadia National Park, suggestions for which were handed me, I submit the following: The area now known as Acadia National Park was first accepted as a National Monument in July, 1916. President Wilson, by proclamation, accepted the gift of 5,000 acres of land on Mount Desert Island under the name of the Sieur de Monts National Monument. The area came to the Government by gift, the Government being under no expense in connection with the acquisition. By Act of Congress, approved February 26, 1919, the Sieur de Monts National Monument became Lafayette National Park. By Act of Congress, approved February 26, 1929, the name was changed to Acadia National Park. With the change in name, broader scope as to park extension was given. Since the establishment of the National Monument, the area has increased from 5,000 acres to 11,859 acres. Appropriations for the administration, protection, maintain- ance and improvement have been made as follows: 1919 $10,000 1924 $30,000 1929 $39,000 1920 10,000 1925 34,700 1930 52,600 1921 20,000 1926 34,190 1931 59,900 1922 25,000 1927 34,000 1932 61,600 1923 25,000 1928 37,940 1933 59,400 The grand total for the above amounts is $532,730. In addition to the regular appropriations listed above, special funds for road building, trail building and landscape work have been allotted to the park in the amount of $375,000. The total sum allotted to the park from Governmental appropriations since its establishment is $907,730. I would not attempt to express in terms of dollars the value of lands which have been received and converted into the park. Nor do I understand that the driving roads which Mr. Rockefeller has built have as yet been turned into Government ownership. Any statement as to his expenditures on horseroads, or as to lands now held by him should come from his agents. The park has been the recipient of one major contribution, that of the motor road leading from Great Pond Hill in Bar Harbar 2- to the Jordan Pond House at Seal Harbor. This road was con- structed by Mr. Rockefellet and given to the park. The cost of this road was some in excess of $500,000. The Park offers to the public the finest scenery on the Eastern coast of the United States. By means of excellent highways motorists can reach practically all of the outstanding points of interest. They may enjoy closeup views of the ocean and its rocky coast from the Ocean Drive, or they may see the park and many miles of adjacent country in panoroma from the summit of Cadillac Mountain. Much as may be seen from the highways, the chief charm of the park is to be found in the remote sections which are reached by foot trails. Over one hundred miles of such trails lead over the park and connect with an equal amount lying on land contiguous to the park area. Since travel records have been kept, the following figures for the several seasons have been secured: 1919 64,000 1923 64,200 1927 123,699 1931 162,238 1920 66,500 1924 71,758 1928 134,897 1933 237,596 1921 69,836 1925 73,673 1929 149,554 1922 73,779 1926 101,256 1930 154,734 The above represents a total visitor record of 1,547,720. At present there is one concession in the park held by Stanley Brothers, at the Seawall. They operate during the summer season a lobster pound and restaurant, and in connection therewith have several small cabins for rent. The only trips sponsored by the park are those conducted by the Ranger-naturalist. Regular trips are made to various sections of the park and the natural features are pointed out and explained. One night a week the same naturalist con- ducts a campfire program at the public campground. The feature of the program is an illustrated lecture on this park, as well as pictures and brief talk on others of the park system. An excellent public campground is maintained for parties who have their own camping equipment. Running water, flush toilets, electric lights, and a good community house are provided. During August upwards of two hundred people per night are registered at the campground. Comment on the Eagle Lake development and what is hoped for the future of the park 1s left for your consideration. [Author/Date Unknown d of Acadia Corp., which acquired land that later became Acadia National Park, on top of Cadillac Mountain a the 1930s. Left to right, attorney David Rodick, Judge John Peters, hotel owner Chester Wescott, Judge L.B. and landscane architest Charles VOLUMERXVIII SECRE RY ICKES ISITS BHACADIA NATIONAL PARK WITH OFFICIAL PARTY Park Superintendent George B. Dorr Is Host To Visitors At Old Farm 8 l Hon. Harold L. Ickes, Secretary of the Department of the Interior and Director Horace M. Albright of the National Park Service, flew over Acadia National Park on Sunday morning in a large Bellanca cabin monoplane piloted by Captain Wil- I liam T. Miller. Thi. party landed at Bangor Airport where they were met by Supt. George B. Dorr of Acadia National Park, to motor back to Bar Harbor to be Supt. Dorr's guests at Oldfarm Frank A. Kitteredge, Chief of the Park Service Engineering Department, arrived in Bangor by train and was met by Chief Ranger B. L. Hadley. The well known landscape architect, Frederick Law Olmstead, joined the party at Oldfarm, as did Fred A. Jordan, well known Bangor newspaper man and banker and Col. Sullivan, represent- ing Governor Louis J. Brann. Secretary Ickes and Director Al- bright were in Acadia for various con- ference and inspection dutiés. They reviewed on the ground the project of the beautifying the road from EYIs- worth to Bar Harbor, The party was greeted at Bar Har- bor by Capt. E. V. Cleaves of Head- quarters Battery, 152d Field Artillery, who as Commander of the American Lagion, Department of Maine, also brought the greetings of the Legion- naires to President Roosevelt's cabin- 1 member and to the head of the National Park Service. He also throught the greetings and regrets of Boy C. Haines of Ellsworth who had been called to Washington. SECRETARY ICKES Our Mail Bag HERALP Islesford BOSTON 5/30/33 Wendall Hadlock, who has, IN INSPECTION Place-Names Bad Mess school at Southwest Harbor fc On Mt. Desert Island past year has begun his duties 2 Museum at Islesford. Mr. Ha OF ACADIA PARK To the Editor of The Herald: was employed last year by Wr Now that the question of the name Sawtelle at the same place and of Boulder Dam has been settled, and settled right, let us hope that the de- liked very much. Flying from Boston in a big Bal- partment of the interior may restore the Norman Stanley is getting INTERIOR HEAD lánce cabin plane piloted by Captain William T. Miller, airways superin- ancient and traditional names of the boat ready to run regular trips mountains on Mt. Desert island: tendent of the airways division of When large tracts of this island were Islesford to Seal Harbor this su VIEWS ISLAND the Department of Commerce, the taken over by the government and as he did last year. Watch fo distinguished visitors reached Bar transformed into a national park, many Harbor at 10:30 a. m. The plane names of the mountains, which are the time table of his daily trips whic FROM THE AIR circled around Acadia National Park conspicuous feature of this island, were be printed and posted later. for nearly a half hour and then changed, because a small group of busy- low over Schoodic Peninsula, the bodies thought that the old ones were too homely, and got the ear of the sec- park's mainland territory, and retary of the interior. hence to Bangor to land at the Discu sses Proposed Thus "Green" and "Dry," excellent Bangor airport. names for a mountain full of living The interior secretary and nation- water and her more arid neighbor, were Bar Harbor Road al park head were met at the Ban- metamorphosed to "Cadillac" and "Fly- gor airport by Superintendent Dorr ing Squadron" (so every tourist to Mt. Beautification Desert has to pull some witticism about and brought to Bar Harbor by motor Mounts Chevrolet, Ford, or Vice-Squad). driven by Ranger Dana Young of "Newport" and "Jordan" became HOLDS SERIES OF the park service. "Champlain" and "Penobscot" plain Taken to the Old Farm as guests "Dog," "Brown" and "Robinson" ap- VITAL CONFERENCES of Mr. Dorr, they were greeted by peared in the meretricious finery of "Saint-Sauveur," "Arcadia" and "Nor- Fred D. Jordan of Bangor, a per- umbega "Sargent," "Pemetic" and sonal representative of Governor "The Bubbles" were fortunately spared. Head of U.S. Park Serv- Louis J. Brann, who was unable to The last name is not of course the attend. Mr. Jordan was accompanied original; one letter was altered when ice and Chief Engineer by Lieut. C. J. Sullivan, a member of they first went on the map, about 80 the governor's staff. years ago. Also at Mt. Desert Granted that the old names were During their stay at Old Farm, homely, they all had local associations, Ickes and Albright interviewed Fred- and had grown up naturally like those (Special to the Bangor Daily News) erick Law Olmstead of Brookline, of most of the famous mountains in Mass., internationally famous land- the world, which (in their own lan- BAR HARBOR-Acadia National scape artist, who is visiting Mt. guage) have equally simple names, like Park was inspected from both the Desert Island on business for John Jungfrau, Mont Blanc, Kearsarge, Ka- D. Rockefeller, Jr. They also, con- tahdin, Pike's Peak. air and land Sunday by Harold L. Although the changes at Mt. Desert ferred with F. A. Kitteridge, chief Ickes, secretary of the interior, and were made over 15 years ago, and the engineer of the national park serv- new have replaced the old on the United Horace M. Albright, director of the ice who had arrived from Washing- States geodetic survey maps and coast national park service. ton Sunday for a stay at Acadia charts, they have never come into pop- After visiting the park and view- Park. ular usage. Ask a local resident for ing it from nearly every possible They were brought greetings from "Norumbega" or "St. Sauveur" mountain, angle, Secretary Ickes and Director headquarters battery, second bat- and you will meet only with blank looks. Albright held a series of conferences Even the signs of the footpaths that are talion, of the 152nd Field Artillery at Old Farm, where they were guests a great feature of the island use the of Bar Harbor by Captain E. Vaughn old names. In fact, those who love the of Seperintendent George B. Dorr of Cleaves, a member of the governor's island deeply resent the change, for even Acadia National Park. staff and state commander of the homely names like "Dog" and "Brown" The highway beautification pro- American Legion. mean something to people who have ject proposed between Ellsworth and seen these beloved hills under every as- The party left Old Farm immedi- Bar Harbor was discussed at some pect of light and shadow, who have ately after lunch for a tour of the length after it had been learned the clambered over them time after time, park, stopping at the Palisade, Bear and seen them rising from the sea at project had been approved by the Mountain, to attend and give ad- dawn, crossing the Bay of Fundy. federal director of the Civilian Con dresses at the memorial service to The change of "Green" to "Cadillac" servation Corps and sent to Presi- the late Stephen T. Mather, founder particularly unfortunate since a motor dent Roosevelt for his signature. It road has recently been built up Green of the park service. was pointed out that if signed the mountain. True, the Sieur de Cadillac entire expense of the project will be Secretary Ickes; Director Albright, was the old French grantee in this re- carried to conclusion under the Capt. Miller and Mr. Kitteridge then gion, but his name now has other asso- returned to Old Farm, where they ciations. This change was annoying to terms of the reforestation relief bill, were the overnight guests of Super- fishermen and seamen, for Green moun- and will be supervised by the United intendent Dorr. tain is the highest landmark on the States National Park Service. island, and is mentioned by that name in most of the coast pilots that seamen use; but pick up a modern chart, and you find no Green mountain, only Cad- illac. Moreover, the old names have got into a good deal of American liter- ature, including one of our greatest his- torical works, "Pioneers of France in the New World." by Francis Parkman, whose surname, by curious irony, was chosen to replace one of the old. SAMUEL ELIOT MORISON. Boston, May 27. Ginger and Old Boats Recalled Over in Bangor they are claiming that the tug Chester Morrison is the oldest in this state, her of the Passing prodating that of the tue Seguin of Bath (L. T. WORTHWHILE PLACES 1924 - 1933 Ed. J.W Ernst. The Bronx: Fordham U.P., 1991. June 1, 1933. We next visited the Homans' house and then made a study Dear Mr. Rockefeller: of the routes for the motor road, explaining fully to the Secretary the land situation as it affects the road project, - the Potter Palmer property, etc. We went on around the mountain to the I had expected to write you this letter in my office Monday Sieur de Monts Spring and to Great Meadow. We then went afternoon after returning from Acadia National Park. As you to Eagle Lake and out on the horse roads. We covered a know, the Secretary and I flew up to Bangor and spent Sunday considerable part of this road system, including the Amphi- afternoon and night in Acadia Park. Leaving Bangor Monday theatre Road. On this trip we also saw the second gatehouse. morning we were due at our desks in Washington not later The Secretary was very much impressed with the park, the beauty than three o'clock that afternoon but about 1:30 we had to of the mountain and forests and the extraordinary views of land on Staten Island on account of fog and we returned to land and sea, particularly the panorama from Cadillac Washington by train. As the next day was a holiday and I Mountain. He was delighted with the opportunity to learn about faced a terrific accumulation of mail yesterday this has been your road systems and was greatly pleased to have the chance my first opportunity to tell you of our trip. to study them with Mr. Olmsted. He fully approves the plans We left Boston at six o'clock Eastern Standard time Sunday and feels that you are undertaking a work of very great morning and flew along the coast to Rockland, thence across importance to the park and to the people who for generations Vinal Haven, on to Deer Isles, to Southwest Harbor, thence will visit and enjoy the park. It was wonderful to get the Secretary over your home at Seal Harbor, the Black Woods and the Otter so early in his administration to get such a very comprehensive Cliffs, thence to the new radio station site on Schoodic Point. view of Acadia's problems, and to get fully in his mind the After circling around Schoodic Point SO we could see the road scope of the road program. work that was going on we flew to Bar Harbor and on to Early Monday morning we drove back to Bangor and flew Bangor. We returned to Bar Harbor by automobile and Mr. to Staten Island, as I have said, and then to Washington by Dorr had Mr. Olmsted join us for luncheon. train. The trip was a very happy one and one that we will Afterwards the Secretary, Mr. Olmsted, Mr. Dorr and I long remember. got in an automobile together and drove to the summit of I hope there will be an opportunity for us to see you on Cadillac Mountain. While the day was dark we had fine visibility. your return from Williamsburg. I know the trip there will give Mr. Olmsted with his maps explained both the motor and horse you much pleasure and satisfaction. I have written Mr. Chorley road systems. We also pointed out to the Secretary all the my suggestion about your return through Washington by principal features of the park. Furthermore we spent some time Charlottesville and Shenandoah Park. studying the teahouse site near the summit of Cadillac. Leaving the mountain, we took the motor road to Seal Harbor, stopping Sincerely yours, for a glimpse of the gatehouse below the Jordan Pond teahouse, HORACE M. ALBRIGHT Mr. Ralston kindly arranged for us to enter the grounds of your home and enjoy the view from your front porch. We then drove to the Black Woods, the Otter Cliffs radio station and out to the end of the road work. Mr. S. F. Ralston. Superintendent of the Rockefeller properties While we were walking on the road the cars went back in Maine, 1924-1943. to Bar Harbor and out to the north end of the Shore Drive improvement. We walked through the new work to the car. 150 151 PRESID ENT ROOSEVEL APPROVES THE ROAD BEAUTIFICATION PROJECT Bar Harbor-Ellsworth Road Beautification Spon- sored By American Legion and C of C The difficulties holding up the beau- shacks being built on the rights of way tification project along the Bar Har- and to remove those now there. hbr-Ellsworth road were smoothed The Chambers of Commerce of out yesterday at a conference in Wash- Mount Desert Island and Ellsworth ington at the Interior Department, have cooperated with the Legion in by agreement to a form of easement of sponsoring the proejet. rights of way on the twenty-one mile stretch of road. The ceding of su- pervision of rights of way to Govern- hr Brann and his successors in pepetu- ity was the means of settling these problems: President Rooseveit has approved plans for the use of Civilian Conser- vation Corps men to do the work, which will build this scenic approach h Acadia National Park, and the Cadillac Mountain Road, The pro- it+1 is sponsored by the American Legion which plans field days twice a year to attend to the maintenance of tik project. (Those responsible for the ironing out of technical difficulties in the way of this project were Représentative John G. Utterback, of Maine, Roy C. Haines of Ellsworth, Horace Albright of the Department of the Interior and his assistant, A. E. Demaray Oliver G. Taylor, chief engineer of the eastern branch of the National Parks Service will be in immediate charge of the work. Major Gilmore D.I Clarke, famous landscape archi- teat to Westchester, N. Y., will be approached by Charles E. Peterson, for suggestions for the Bar Harbor- Elkwor onh project. The following are on a cooperation costmittee selected from the summer colony in the vicinity who will aid the project: John D. Rockefeller. Jr. Hehry Morgenthau, Sr., Edsel Ford, Mils Bell