CLUBS:- Tavern Club ABIGAIL, the Library Catalog of the Massachusetts Historical Society Page 1 of 2 Massachusetts Historical Society ABIGAIL Founded 1791 the Library Catalog of the Massachusetts Historical Society Search Titles History Help ABIGAIL Home Database Name: Massachusetts Historical Society Search Request: Keyword Anywhere = Boston clubs Search Results: Displaying 8 of 100008 entries Previous Next Bibliographic Holdings Table of Contents MARC View Tavern Club records, Relevance: Format: Mixed Material Electronic resources: Click here to access the guide to this collection. Call number(s): OFFSITE STORAGE Request unavailable Please follow the link to the electronic resource. Requesting may be possible there. Ms. N-200 (oversize only) Creator: Tavern Club (Boston, Mass.) Title: Tavern Club records, 1879-1992. Description: 19 record cartons (stored offsite) and 8 oversize boxes (stored onsite). Preliminary arrangement only. Restrictions: THE BULK OF THIS COLLECTION IS STORED OFFSITE. ADVANCE NOTICE IS REQUIRED FOR ACCESS TO THIS COLLECTION. Collection is on deposit. Users must sign an agreement regarding procedures of use for this collection. Scope: Records of the Tavern Club, a Boston social club founded in 1884 by and for men primarily interested in the arts and sciences. Records include members' files, annual meeting and committee http://balthazaar.masshist.org/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?v1=8&ti=1,8&Search%5FArg=Bosto... 3/1/2020 The Neighborbood 35 III Street. "Bright, active-minded and energetic," refined and cultured, interested in the arts, literature and science, they The Neighborhood were far from being of the "dangerous classes" Mayor Palmer alluded to, but banded together together because of their artistic tastes. "It occurred to some of them after a time that of the Tavern Club it might be possible and agreeable to form a small club, to which congenial persons might be admitted, where they could JOHN T. GALVIN dine regularly in company, and where they could have full control of the arrangements," one of them recalled later. On July I, 1884, the young men hired rooms at I Park In 1883, Chester A. Arthur was in the White House. Ben- Square, at the easterly corner of Boylston Street, beneath the jamin F. Butler was Governor of Massachusetts. The state's studio of artist Frederick Porter Vinton, and over the grocery two U.S. Senators were Henry Laurens Dawes of Pittsfield store of F. C. Lord and Company. On July 25, 1884, they and George Frisbie Hoar of Worcester. All were Republicans, held their first meeting in the club rooms "to effect an orga- except Butler, a sometime Republican candidate, elected as a nization." The name "Tavern Club" was suggested by Dr. Democrat. Albert Palmer (Republican) of Roxbury, a native Royal Whitman. "The Tavern Club was organized by a group of Candia, New Hampshire, graduate of Dartmouth College, of painters, writers, musicians, doctors, and other good com- a former teacher at Boston Latin School, and treasurer of the pany with [William Dean] Howells as our first president," Jamaica Pond Ice Company, was serving his single one-year wrote Owen Wister (Tavern President, 1929-1935). "Henry term as Mayor of Boston. Irving was our first guest of honor. He came to supper after In his Inaugural Address, Mayor Palmer had spoken of the play and stayed until six the next morning. I sang him a Boston as "in many respects, the model municipality of the lot of songs, and went down at nine to my hard high stool, continent. In a time of great public blessings," Palmer con- at 40 State Street [Union Safe Deposit Vaults] with quite a tinued, "when the mercies of Providence are being dispensed head." Three years later, when their "somewhat ramshackle to us with a bountiful hand, let us not esteem it the least of building" was slated for demolition, the Tavern Club moved them that we are a metropolis that has no 'dangerous classes' around the corner to Number 4 Boylston Place, not far from of any considerable strength, and needs not, as do some of the Boston Public Library, which was then on Boylston the cities of older civilizations, to lie in terror and rise up in Street. "This quiet cul-de-sac" was lined on both sides with dread of its own inhabitants." houses, three of which, like the one purchased by the Tavern It was at this time that several young men, "unmarried and Club, had been constructed about 1819 by one Beza Tucker. without definite homes where they took their meals," began The others had been built during a South End building boom meeting often at a restaurant on Church Street called the in 1855. Carrollton, and, later, at an Italian restaurant on Boylston The Tavern Club bought the house next door to it in 1909. Charles B, Everitt. The Tavern club at One Hundred 1959-1984. Boston: The Taven Club, 1984. 38 The Tavern at One Hundred The Neighborhood 39 Number 5 was connected to Number 4 by a bridge across an also introduced. In general, nevertheless, Number 4 looked alley leading to Columbus Place (which, in turn, led to Eliot SO much as it had since 1887 that the fire was almost forgotten. Street). This addition provided space for a billiard room on The other major threat to the club's Boylston Place home the second floor and a guest bedroom above. The construction began in the early 1970's when Boston Urban Associates, of the Eliot Street Garage shortly after World War I destroyed Inc., headed by developer Mortimer Zuckerman, cast a most of the houses beyond the Tavern Club, and several greedy eye on the 34 acres bounded by Boylston-Essex and buildings along Eliot Street, and eliminated Columbus Place. Stuart-Kneeland Streets, between Arlington and Knapp. Ac- "Patrons on foot, including many Taverners, happily entered cording to a letter the Tavern Club received from the Boston the garage from Boylston Place until early 1971, when the Redevelopment Authority at the time, Boston Urban Asso- doorway was walled up, but the little street has always re- ciates planned to "provide a development link between the mained a cul-de-sac as far as wheeled vehicles are concerned," Downtown, Retail and Office centers and the Back Bay" to Walter Muir Whitehill wrote. In 1920, the Tavern Club "strengthen and improve this area." Historic buildings along bought Number 6 Boylston Place, and for many years the the easterly side of Boylston Street were to be demolished in apartments in that building were rented. In 1983, the top favor of high rise office buildings. The Tavern Club faced floors at Nos. 5 and 6 were leased and renovated as head- two alternatives: either to be surrounded, and dwarfed by, quarters of the India Wharf Rats, an old Boston social club, 40-story structures, or to allow its buildings to be eliminated. a most welcome new tenant in Boylston Place. John D. Warner, Director of the Boston Redevelopment Au- Since the Tavern Club's move to Boylston Place a century thority, held out little hope for the club, indicating that saving ago, it has had to face two emergencies that threatened its the Tavern's buildings did not fit in with the plan for the existence there. The first was the near fatal fire-fatal to the area. He suggested the Tavern Club relocate near the Quincy building, but not, of course, to the spirit of Taverners-that Market. occurred in the early morning of December 23, 1956. The "Stripped of all legalisms," Taverner Brad Trafford pointed fire destroyed everything above the first floor. It was decided out in an advisory to Club Treasurer Andrew Willis on Oc- to rebuild. (Whitehill said that the member who raised the tober 12, 1971, "the notion behind the Project is that it is possibility of moving to another location "narrowly escaped perfectly all right to take a man's land from him by force, being strung up on the nearest lamp post.") Taverners of the tear down his building at public expense, pay him a sum architectural fraternity, traditional, modern and middle-of- determined by litigation, and then give the site to another the-road, all devised plans for reconstruction. It was decided man, all simply because there is reasonable hope that the instead to restore the "musty ruin to its original dinginess," second man will arrange to put up a more expensive and and the dining room on the second floor and theatre on the correspondingly more taxable building." third became much as they had been before the conflagration. On August 2, 1971, Mayor Kevin H. White submitted the As a concession to modern times, an elevator was installed, plan for renewal of the area and for a "cooperation agreement" gift of Taverner W. Cameron Forbes, former Governor-Gen- between the BRA and the City of Boston. From September eral of the Philippine Islands. New kitchen equipment was to the end of the year, the Boston City Council held 16 public 40 The Tavern at One Hundred The Neighborbood 41 hearings on the proposal. On September 21, the Tavern's were guests of the Tavern Club at lunch, the purpose of President, David McCord, Secretary Stacy Holmes and Fran- which was to discuss the project. Hal Lyman was chairman cis W. Hatch, Sr., represented the Club at one of these of this ad hoc meeting with His Honor. No commitments were hearings. They urged the City Council to preserve the Tavern made, but again, Taverners had an opportunity to press their Club as a significant landmark whose artistic, literary and case. The mayor seemed sympathetic. On June 6, 1972, theatrical tradition had made many contributions to the qual- Mayor White informed President McCord that he and Ken- ity of life in Boston. Hatch told how the Club, facing the ney had "taken a personal interest in the matter." crisis of the fire of 1956, had worked desperately to stay at "I can assure you," Mayor White wrote, "that membership the same location. "There were a few good-natured words in the Tavern Club will be informed of any action which will from councilmen," Stacy Holmes reported, "and the attitude affect the future location of the Tavern Club." was cordial and sympathetic." It was not sympathetic enough. The first break came on June 9, 1972 when, after several On December 6, the council approved the redevelopment hearings, the Massachusetts Department of Community Af- plan. On December 8, 1971, it gave the first of two required fairs, headed by Commissioner Miles Mahoney, rejected the approvals for a loan of $6.8 million for certain public improve- Park Plaza Development plan. On June 12, 1972, Boston City ments in connection with the Park Plaza Project. On Decem- Councillor Christopher lanella moved to rescind the $6.8 ber 27, it again voted the loan, and, two days later, Mayor million loan, a move that would have killed it. Councillor White gave the plan his unqualified approval. It also had the Albert O'Neil voted with Ianella, while seven councillors- backing of the Governor, business, labor and the daily press. DiCara, Kerrigan, McDonough, Moakley, O'Leary, Piemonte The matter was not all one-sided. During this frenzied and Tierney-supported the mayor and voted for the loan. activity by the proponents, opposition began to build when On June 12, 1973, the plan was resubmitted to the state. The citizens realized that the Park Plaza Project was not only a Department of Community Affairs rejected it then and on threat to buildings within the area, but also the adjoining three additional occasions. On February 4, 1974, the Boston neighborhoods (Bay Village, Back Bay), Boston Common and City Council rescinded approval of the plan and the "coop- the Public Garden. The plan envisioned structures SO tall that eration agreements" of 1971. A week later, Mayor White their deep shadows would have inhibited enjoyment of the vetoed that action, contending that the Council "cannot ab- Common and the Garden for all time. The 40-story towers rogate an agreement or contract for development." Mahoney would have caused gusts of wind up to 60 miles an hour in a was fired for his opposition. One reporter wrote that the battle city that does not need any more wind. Heading the oppo- was like covering politics in the Middle East, and it was far sition were the Friends of the Public Garden (whose president from over. was and still is Taverner Henry Lee) and the Park Square Citizen pressure led to the formation of the Park Plaza Civic Improvement Association. A large share of the opposition's Advisory Committee, consisting of civic, business and com- legal expenses was met by individual Taverners. munity organizations. Although unfunded for a year, the On Tuesday, April 18, 1972, Mayor White and Robert T. CAC set to work feverishly to bring about a realistic compro- Kenney, Director of the Boston Redevelopment Authority, mise for the development of the area. In March, 1974, Lewis 42 The Tavern at One Hundred 1 be Neighborhood 43 S. C. Crampton, the new Commissioner of the Massachusetts height of buildings around Boston Common and the Public Department of Community Affairs, approved the compro- Garden. mise plan. There was no action by the Boston City Council The process of realistic compromise entered its first stage in 1975. with the demolition of the Eliot Street Garage, the Union On January 12, 1976, the Park Plaza Civic Advisory Com- Oyster House adajacent to the garage and the Gary Theatre mittee submitted a 57-page report to the Boston Redevelop- (formerly the Plymouth, built in 1911). On this site the Com- ment Authority, dealing with such problems as wind and monwealth of Massachusetts has erected an 8-story, $91 mil- shadow, traffic and air quality, noise and vibration. It con- lion red brick building which meets the height restrictions tained 29 specific recommendations, one of which concerned devised in the Park Plaza fight. Along with housing the state's height. It advocated limiting to 125 feet the height along transportation agencies, it will have 18-hour-a-day mixed use Stuart Street and Boylston Street, between Tremont Street activities on the ground floor. Designed by a Taverner, the and Hadassah Way, with a 50-foot setback, a far cry from late Marvin Goody of Goody, Clancy & Associates, the build- the 40-story structures in the original proposal. All the Ad- ing will make it possible for the first time since 1971, not only visory Committee's recommendations eventually were for Taverners to park in an adjacent building in the evening, adopted by the Boston Redevelopment Authority. The Bos- but also to walk through an atrium from Stuart Street to the ton City Council took no action in 1976, but on November conviviality of Number 4 Boylston Place. 23, the State supported a project radically reduced in scope. The State Transportation Building will be fully occupied On December 28, 1977, Boston Urban Associates agreed to by the summer of 1984. It is the first of two major buildings alter the original plan SO that the Commonwealth could build in the Park Square area. On the western corner of Park a transportation building. At that time, Robert F. Walsh was Square, where many Taverners have parked their cars in Director of the Boston Redevelopment Authority. On the recent years, the Four Seasons Hotel and Condominiums are same day, the city council unanimously approved the new under construction. Scheduled to be completed in 1985, this plan. On June 6, 1977, the mayor submitted to the council a will provide 283 luxury hotel rooms and 100 condominium request for approval of the amended project, reduced in scope apartments. and height, and this compromise passed. Other changes are under way in the neighborhood of the The long-drawn-out battle to save the neighborhood of the Tavern Club. Early in 1983, Emerson College acquired the Tavern Club was an historic one, whose effect will be felt for Saxon Theatre on Tremont Street. Known to all Taverners many years to come, not only in the immediate area of the as the Majestic, it was built in 1903, the "second of Eban Club but all across the city. The banding together of neigh- Jordan's three benefactions to Boston" (the others: Jordan Hall borhood groups set a model for citizen action. A "miserable and the Boston Opera House, of happy memory). According proposal," as Walter Whitehill called it, went down to defeat. to Douglass Shand Tucci, the handsome old Majestic "is the Taverners named Hatch, Lally, Lee, Lodge, Saltonstall, Traf- only known local work of famous Boston architect, John ford and others too numerous to mention here, were vital to Galen Howard, who, after MIT, the Ecole des Beaux Arts this effort, whose success set such essential guidelines for the and an apprenticeship with H. H. Richardson, sought his 44 The Tavern at One Hundred The Neighborbood 45 opportunity out west where he became a very distinguished there was for years "a magnificent concentration of dealers in architect and teacher." Emerson College plans to spend $1.5 music and musical instruments." A few remain. The Boston million on the restoration of the Majestic, the first college to Music Company at 116 Boylston Street, an old and respected move into the theatre district with its own productions, which neighbor of the Tavern Club, retains one of the handsomest will include a variety of dramatic, musical theatre and theatre store fronts in the city. One small company selling pianos and for children presentations by students. organs is sandwiched in between a pizza parlor and a beauty The Shubert Theatre, built in 1904, and the Wilbur, de- academy. At 156 Boylston Street, Carl Fischer ("when you signed by Clarence Blackhall, the first president of the Boston think of music it is only natural you think of ") can still Architectural Club, and constructed in 1914, are both very provide Taverners and others musically inclined with band, much in business. The Metropolitan Theatre, built in 1925, orchestral and choral music. In Steinert Hall at 162 Boylston one of the largest theatres in the world, has gone through Street (the corner of what was Carver Street), M. Steinert has several changes in recent years. As the Metropolitan Center, been in business since 1896. The showroom still features under the guidance of Taverners David Crockett and Harry Steinway pianos and Baldwin organs. Two stories below, Lodge, it installed a new acoustical system and deepened the there is still an auditorium for 650 people, now, alas, much stage to accommodate large dance and opera companies. Re- in need of repair. (When Steinert Hall opened on Dec. 15, cently, it was renamed the Wang Center for the Performing 1896, the Boston Sunday Journal gave it an entire page. Of Arts for its most generous benefactor, Dr. An Wang of Wang the auditorium it said: "Here, 35 feet below the level of Laboratories and his family. The Wang gift of $4 million Boylston Street, away from the noise and bustle of traffic, includes $1 million for interior and exterior renovations (al- and the confusion of sound of everyday life, there lies hidden ready completed), and $3 million to be matched by other a temple of music-one of the daintiest, most artistic and contributions by 1985. Chairman of the Wang Center's chal- unique ever built, surpassingly beautiful to the eye and trium- lenge fund drive is Taverner George P. Gardner, Jr., who, at phantly successful to the ear.") this writing, already has reached $1 million of this goal. On Boylston Place, itself, will be changing. It is scheduled for the north side of the Wilbur, on that odd lot at the corner of rehabilitation. By the middle of 1984, the Tavern Club, Boar's Tremont and Stuart Streets, a new 10-story building is Head Tavern and Next Move Theatre will become more planned for theatrical and advertising offices and, on its first familiar Boston landmarks as Boylston Place becomes a major two floors, a restaurant. Construction is expected to start in pedestrian link from Boston Common through the Transpor- the summer of 1984. Architect in charge: Taverner Hugh tation Building to the theatre district. New lighting and a Shepley of Shepley, Bulfinch, Richardson and Abbott. newly resurfaced street will transform this pot-holed, disrep- Along Boylston Street, the old Touraine Hotel has "gone utable alley, and make the Tavern Club a more visible part condominium," and the Little, Colonial and Walker Buildings of the neighborhood. Free-standing art, trees and benches are have been, or are being, renovated. The Colonial Theatre, expected to bring the public to Boylston Place, but more Clarence Blackhall's 1900 masterpiece, is still bringing theatre significantly, Boylston Place will bring historic and cultural companies to Boston. Between the theatre and Park Square enjoyment to the public. 214 The Tavern at One Hundred Memorials 215 table, usually sitting where the compass points northeast. The WILLIAM JAMES small coffee cup is there beside him, untouched, just as Nick * 1962 * carefully put it down, the saucer on top, never underneath. And he is saying But you, too, can hear. It was my good luck to know William James intimately for Thomas Adams more than fifty years, but to try to give an impression of the man is very difficult. Probably impossible. He was like no one else I have ever known. A shy person, who had many friends, a brave person who usually knew where he stood and expressed his views, a democratic person who was always discovering some shy writer in New York City. Bill was devoted to his father and mother in a mystical kind of way. He, himself, read very little philosophy, nor did he suffer philosophers gladly, but to some observing person who had been caught by a word, or a phrase or a chapter of what his father had written, he would devote hours. Bill was a good athlete but not a winning one. As bow oar on the Harvard crew he was more interested in why the water hit his oar quicker when he was rowing No. 6 than in the time the shell was making. Bill thought he knew no philosophy, but he lived it-the kind his father believed in. The butler of a very well-known man in New York once took me aside and said: "I have been all over the world in the last twenty-five years but the greatest gentleman I have seen is William James." He was an idealist. He never read a Sunday newspaper. Too many trees were destroyed to create the Sunday edition. And these oppositions were all observed quietly. He hated bigness. Much as he loved Harvard, for his own sake and for his father's sake, his devotion was tempered by the fact that, in his judgment, it was too big. He was a perfectionist. After a portrait which he had done was finished as far as anyone could see, he would put in an extra touch or two, in his judgment ruin it, and then consign 216 The Tavern at One Hundred Memorials 217 it to the waste basket. Like one of his Uncle Henry's heroes, BENJAMIN JOY he was never satisfied, never content. The portrait in our * 1969 * dining room was the exception. It came at the end. He lies in that lovely meadow at Chocorua, near the big Benjamin Joy was a member of the Tavern from 1912-1969. rock, facing the lake. He loved the Tavern for fifty-seven years as one cares for a Lewis Perry best friend. Ben had a sparkle about him, a bubbling sense of humor and a keen sense of fun. Until his eighties, this very human quality never faltered. It was his hallmark, like "Sterling" stamped on real silver. In addition, he was a man of infinite variety. As a Harvard College undergraduate at the turn of the century-despite being quite able if occasion suited to wear a sober, serious demeanor-he raised some notable Hell in secret pranks, as undergraduates in those times used to do for daring and for fun. After graduation, he was by turn engaged in Boston news- paper work and later in commercial banking (at a surprisingly high level for his youth); still later, in investment banking in New York, in foreign banking in Paris; and ultimately as Paris partner of Morgan et Cie on the Place Vendôme until his retirement. During World War II, his service in the Amer- ican Army of Occupation in Germany was recognized by the award of a Distinguished Service Medal. On returning to America in his sixties, he retired to a large wooded estate in Harvard, Massachusetts, commanding an exquisite prospect of distant mounatains; and delighted there to entertain his many friends, to take prodigious walks and to chop prodigious quantities of firewood. Later, in surprise at still being alive and spry, he returned to the area of his forefathers, taking residence at 41 Beacon Street, appropri- ately just below Joy Street, in a spacious apartment with tall windows looking out over the Frog Pond. The return of the 2 The Neighborhood of the Copyright 1971 by the Bostonian Society Tavern Club, 1630-1971 By WALTER MUIR WHITEHILL HARVARD UNIVERSITY M A. DEWOLFE HOWE in his 1934 semicentennial history of the Tavern Club recalled how young men in the nineties had sung, when sufficiently elevated, a topographical ballad that began: DEC 7 1989 There's Berkeley and Dover, Tremont and Hanover- Frances Loeb Library Graduate School of Design But ach du lieber Boylston Street! AIP4662 As the Tavern Club has never been more than a stone's throw away from Boyl- ston Street in the eighty-seven years of its life, its members, friends, and neigh- GIFT OF PREOF JOHN COOLIDGE bors may have some reasonable curiosity about the region and the changes that it has weathered in the 34 I years that have passed since Boston was settled in 1630. Through the colonial period, this was a rural, unsettled patch of country be- tween the southwest extremity of the Common and the muddy shore of the Back Bay, which was covered by water only at high tide. Washington Street, the only dry-shod connection with the Roxbury mainland, was named in honor of the general only in 1788; that portion of Boston's main thoroughfare be- tween Essex Street and the fortifications (at today's Dover Street) on the nar- row neck of land that connected Boston with the rest of New England was previously known as Orange Street. On Captain John Bonner's map of 1722, the first to be published, Frog Lane is shown running northwest from Orange Street to the Common; a few scattered houses and a large number of trees are represented on it. Although the building in 1732 of a new Congregational meet- inghouse in Hollis Street, presided over by the Reverend Mather Byles, poet, punster, and wit, gave this end of town a new social coherence, Frog Lane looked as rural on the Bonner map of 1769 as it had in 1722. In 1740 when the three seventeenth-century burying grounds in Boston- King's Chapel, the Granary, and Copp's Hill-were becoming overcrowded, various undertakers and gravediggers petitioned the selectmen to buy a new cemetery in the south end of the town. With that alacrity that has always charac- 73.8 terized municipal affairs in Boston, a committee that was appointed eight years W54 Boston, MA: Bostoni an Society, 1971. TheTOWN of CharlesRiver BOSTON IN New England by John Bonner 1722 COMMON Dorchefter Flatts. \ NewPlan off Great Town of BOSTON Nin New Englandin AM With the many Additionally Buildings New Street to the Year 1760 ChartesRiver COMMON Scalcof Male The region as shown in the 1722 and 1769 editions of Captain John Bonner's map of Boston. it, but as they are paid by the piece, or work they do, there is no other restraint upon them but to come at 8 o'clock in the morning, and return at 6 in the evening. They are the daughters of decayed families, and are girls of character- none others are admitted This is a work of public utility and private ad- vantage." It was also the source of the frigate Constitution's first suit of sails. When in April 1787 the Hollis Street meetinghouse of 1732 burned, it was replaced within the year by a new one that was Charles Bulfinch's first venture in church architecture in Boston. This structure, although admired as far afield as Philadelphia, served the congregation for less than twenty-five years, for the Boston Gazette of I February 1810 carried this ingenuous advertisement: Meeting-House for Sale The Meeting-House of Rev. Mr. Holley in Hollis Street, being found too small to accommodate the society worshipping there, and being of wood, cannot conveniently be enlarged, the proprietors have determined to take down the present House, and to erect a brick one of enlarged dimentions. Notice is hereby given to any society in the vicinity of Bos- Second meetinghouse of Hollis Street Church, 1787, designed by Charles Bulfinch, engraved ton, that may be about to build a House for Public Worship-that the for Massachusetts Magazine, IV, December 1793. materials of the present house will be disposed of on very reasonable terms, and liberal credit-the principal part of which are as good as new. Application must be made prior to the Ist of March, to either of the later spent six more years considering the problem before a two-acre lot between Subscribers:- the Common and Frog Lane was purchased in 1754. Finally on 24 November WM. DALL, 1756 the selectmen concluded that the "Burying Place at the foot of the Com- J.D. WILLIAMS, mon was fit to bury the dead in" and appointed a caretaker. This fourth town EPH'M THAYER, burial place was called the South Burying Ground until 1810 when with the creation of a new one further south on Washington Street, it acquired its present JABEZ ELLIS, Jos. RICHARDS. official designation of the Central Burying Ground. Thirty years later the quick joined the dead in Frog Lane, for the first factory Boston, Jan. 17, 1810. for the manufacture of cotton duck for sailcloth was set up in 1789 in a large lot on the corner of Tremont Street, as the result of a bounty offered by the N. B.-Any person having Bricks, Stone, Lyme, and other materials General Court to encourage this industry. George Washington, who was taken wanted to complete the New House, will please apply as above. to see it on 28 October 1789 as one of the important sights in Boston during his state visit, noted in his diary that "it appeared to be carrying on with spirit, and Although a used meetinghouse would hardly seem a saleable commodity is in a prosperous way. They have manufactured 32 pieces of Duck of 30 or today, a buyer was found, for the building was dismantled and moved by water 40 yds. each in a week; and expect in a short time to increase it. They have 28 to Weymouth where it was set up again, although with an altered façade and looms at work, and 14 girls spinning with both hands, (the flax being fastened without its twin towers. In the days before streets were encumbered by over- to their waste.) Children (girls) turn the wheels for them, and with this as- head wires, Bostonians seem to have thought nothing of moving buildings. The sistance each spinner can turn out 14 lbs. of thread per day when they stick to Abbé Claude Robin, a French Army chaplain who came to Boston in 1781, Third meetinghouse of Hollis Street Church, 1811, interior. In this instance there was the convenience of being able to float the discarded meetinghouse down the harbor to Weymouth by raft. It was noted by a resi- dent of Weymouth in 1877 that this "comely, symmetrical little building" was still in use though "the people there have done their best to spoil it by remodelling and modernizing it. Luckily they had not money enough to quite spoil it." The Third meetinghouse of Hollis Street Church, 1811, exterior. building was, however, destroyed by fire in 1897. The new third Hollis Street observed in his New Travels through North-America (Boston, 1784) of wooden meetinghouse, of brick with a graceful spire, was dedicated on 3 January 1811. When the ropewalks between Pearl and Atkinson Streets burned in 1794, buildings in New England: the townspeople of Boston (in the words of Mayor Nathaniel B. Shurtleff) All the parts of these buildings are so well joined, and their weight is so "opened their hearts, though they closed their senses" by granting the owners equally divided, and proportionate to their bulk, that they may be re- the marshy flats at the foot of the Common for the erection of buildings to re- moved from place to place with little difficulty. I have seen one of two place those destroyed. Thus ropemaking came to part of the area that is today stories high removed above a quarter of a mile, if not more, and the the Public Garden, giving Frog Lane somewhere to go. Having acquired a whole French army have seen the same thing done at Newport. What destination, the road fifteen years later was given the more urban designation they tell us of the travelling habitations of the Scythians is far less won- of Boylston Street, for on 23 May 1809 John Quincy Adams (whose house was derful. on the site of the Hotel Touraine) laid the cornerstone for a new market house Boylston Street, looking from Washington Street toward the Common, about 1864. Boylston Market is in the left fore- ground; on the right, at the intersection of Tremont Street, a hoarding encloses the lot cleared after the burning of the Winthrop House. Boylston Hall and Market, photographed after 1876. and hall on the southwest corner of Washington Street and Frog Lane. This handsome building designed by Charles Bulfinch, was named in honor of Adams' kinsman, Ward Nicholas Boylston, who gave the clock that adorned its cupola. It relieved the congestion of Faneuil Hall in more ways than one, for there were butcher stalls below and a hall above, which was for twenty-two years the headquarters of the Handel and Haydn Society. Boylston Hall and Market was, regrettably, like so many of Bulfinch's handsome buildings, de- molished in 1888; its cupola and clock, moved first to the Crystal Lake Brewery of William T. Van Nostrand and Co. in Charlestown, wound up decorating Calvary Methodist Church in Massachusetts Avenue, Arlington. The Boylston Building, designed by Carl Fehmer, that was constructed on the site of the Bulfinch hall in 1888, is now somewhat shabby. Putting ropewalks at the foot of the Common was a lamentable idea, for their presence blocked any development of Boston to the westward. So in February Park Square in 1837, from a contemporary lithograph by Robert Sturn, reproduced in 1902 by C. E. Goodspeed, showing the first Boston and Providence Railroad station. Park Square houses in 1861, photographed from the tower of the second Boston and Providence Railroad station. (Boston Public Library) Boston Public Library, Boylston Street, about 1885. One of the red brick houses between the Library and the Hotel Pelham has been replaced by a six-story bow-fronted commercial build- ing, while the Adams house has given way to the Hotel Boylston, built in 1871. (Boston Athenxum) Boston Public Library, Boylston Street, before 1870. Between the library and the Hotel Pelham are two four-story red brick houses. Part of the John Quincy Adams house can be seen at the corner of Tremont Street beyond the Hotel Pelham. Boston Public Library, Boylston Street, about 1899. The library has been abandoned and is about to be demolished; Arthur Little's shop front at 44 has been altered; the Hotel Touraine has replaced the Hotel Boylston, and the present Masonic Temple has been completed. than four-sided, has been since 1855 known as Park Square. Like Scollay and Copley Squares, this was an unplanned afterthought, set apart and dignified by the name of square solely because of the increased use of buildings that faced 44 Boylston Street, between 1883 and 1885. This seven-story upon it. Nevertheless Park Square and Boylston Street were soon filled with commercial building, designed by Arthur Little in 1882, which red brick Greek Revival houses of the sort familiar on Beacon Hill and in Bay replaced the brick house next to the Public Library, housed Village. the tenants whose signs appear in the photograph only in those three years. (Society for the Preservation of New England The character of the portion of Boylston Street facing the Common was set Antiquities) by the construction there of the Boston Public Library's first building, for which 1824, when the site, so cheerfully given away thirty years before, was no longer the cornerstone was laid on 17 September 1855. This imposing edifice, designed remote, the city regained this land by paying the owners the large sum of by Charles Kirk Kirby, was opened on New Year's Day 1858, and served for $55,000. Notions of dividing the area into streets or turning it into a cemetery thirty-seven years until the present library in Copley Square was completed in were squelched at a general meeting of citizens held on 26 July 1824, which 1895. Just as the Boston Public Library pioneered in its field, the adjacent Hotel sustained Mayor Josiah Quincy's view that the land that today comprises the Pelham, built in 1857 at the corner of Boylston and Tremont Streets, was the Public Garden should be annexed to the Common "and forever after kept open first apartment house in any city along the Atlantic seaboard of the United and free of buildings of any kind, for the use of the citizens." In the next decade States. Its builder, the opthalmologist Dr. John Homer Dix (1811-1884), Boylston Street and Charles Street (which separated the Common from the new having been impressed by the manner of life in French cities, tried the type Public Garden) became main entrances to the city, for the Boston and Provi- here, complete with mansard roof. Like the old City Hall in School Street, and the design of Commonwealth Avenue, the Hotel Pelham was a clear reflection dence Railroad, which opened in 1835, brought its trains across the Bay Bay on trestles to a station in Pleasant Street in what, although triangular rather of the style of the French Second Empire. King's Handbook of Boston in 1878 spoke of the Pelham as the first instance of "the 'French flat' or Continental ENAL Hotel Pelham before being moved in 1869. The Adams house is on the left. system of dwellings, sometimes called 'family hotels'-a single tenement oc- cupying the whole or part of a floor, instead of several floors in a house." The original architect is unknown, but when in 1869 the city undertook to widen Tremont Street, Nathaniel J. Bradlee superintended the moving of the struc- ture, which covered 5,800 square feet of ground and weighed an estimated 10,000 tons. This engineering feat would have enchanted the Abbé Robin, for the huge mass of masonry was successfully moved without disturbing the oc- cupants or disarranging the interior. A similar feat was noted by Charles Francis Adams in his diary on 29 August 1870: "The Boylston Market has been moved eleven feet, in the same way that the Pelham Hotel was moved last year. And the Street will be a fine one." Earlier in the year Adams had demolished his father's former residence at the corner of Tremont and Boylston Streets and begun the construction of a five- story stone building in the Gothic manner, designed by W. T. Sears of the architectural firm of Cummings and Sears. Although the foundations were laid in May 1870 and the exterior of the building was nearly completed by Christmas, Hotel Pelham being moved in 1869 for widening of Tremont Street. (Boston Public Library) Adams noted on 20 January 1871: "The question yet remains what use to put it to." It seems extraordinary, even in the world of real estate speculation, to Hotel Touraine under construction in 1897. (Boston Athenium) have built so elaborate a building without any clear conviction of its purpose other than as a source of profit; eventually it became the Hotel Boylston, an- other instance of "French flats," like the Pelham across the way. Its life was brief, for before the end of the nineteenth century the Boylston was supplanted by the taller Hotel Touraine, designed by Nathaniel J. Bradlee's successors, Winslow and Wetherell, with a profusion of well-executed French Renaissance detail. Karl Baedeker in the 1899 edition of his United States approvingly de- scribed the Touraine as "a large and sumptuously equipped house, with internal decorations in the style of the Château of Blois, a handsome library with 4,000 well chosen volumes, a view over the Common and a telephone in every room; R. from $2 (without bath) or $3 (with bath), meals à la carte." The Touraine continued to be admired for a quarter of a century; thereafter with competition from newer hotels it gradually slipped. Having been closed in the late sixties as a hotel, it has now been converted into apartments; the upper floors of the exterior are as handsome as ever, although the ground floor has been vulgarized by in- congruous "modernization." On the opposite corner of Boylston and Tremont Streets there stood in the middle of the nineteenth century the six-story hotel known as the Winthrop Ruins of the Winthrop House after the fire of 5 April 1864. Masonic Temple, built 1864-1867. House, which burned on the night of 5 April 1864. Its site was soon occupied ing the Civil War by the addition of a one-story wing, at which time the clock by a seven-story granite Gothic Masonic Temple, with octagonal towers 120 was placed in a new tower, where it could be seen more readily from a distance. feet high, designed by Merrill G. Wheelock. The cornerstone was laid on Columbus Avenue, projected in 1860 from Park Square to the Roxbury line 14 October 1864, and the building was dedicated on 24 June 1867 with cere- over land of the Boston Water-Power Company running parallel to the Boston monies that included an immense street parade in which President Andrew and Providence tracks, was begun in 1868. As first laid out it began at Church Johnson marched. This Masonic Temple was replaced in 1897-1899 by the Street, directly behind the Boston and Providence station. To carry it through present granite one, designed by Loring and Phipps in a more restrained style. without altering course to Park Square required the demolition of the passenger For the last two-thirds of the nineteenth century Park Square was dominated station, a matter that the city negotiated with the railroad in 1870-1871. Con- by successive stations of the Boston and Providence Railroad. The simple temple- sequently a new Gothic station designed by Peabody and Stearns, with an im- like shed that served as a terminal when service began in 1835 was soon re- pressive clock tower, was built at a cost of $800,000 on the triangular site placed by a brick station, with a large clock on its roof. This was enlarged dur- between Columbus Avenue and Providence Street now occupied by the Statler- Winslow Lewis house (on Boylston Street between Carver Street and Park Square) and the second Boston and Providence Railroad station, about 1857. Hilton Hotel and the adjacent office building. The new station was proudly hailed by King's Handbook of Boston (1878) as "the most convenient and com- fortable, as well as the most beautiful, architecturally speaking, in the United States, and the longest in the world, being 850 feet from end to end." Arlington Street then ran only from Beacon to Boylston Streets, for the new passenger station extended to the middle of the Arlington-Berkeley block. Berkeley Street, however, connected the Back Bay with the South End, then as now, by a bridge over the tracks. Train yards occupied a large area directly be- hind St. James Avenue in the Berkeley-Clarendon block. Clarendon Street ended at the tracks, which Dartmouth Street crossed by bridge. This Gothic The enlarged second Boston and Providence Railroad station shortly station lasted less than three decades, for in 1896 the Boston Terminal Company before demolition. The ground floor of the Winslow Lewis house was was organized to build in Atlantic Avenue at Summer Street a South Union converted to a grocery store about 1870. Station to accommodate all lines entering Boston from the south and west. as an eyesore; only after the first world war did the region become a new busi- When the New Haven Railroad, which had taken over the Boston and Provi- ness district. dence, moved this line to the South Station in 1900, the Park Square station and In spite of the availability of "French flats" and the hurlyburly that surrounds its yards were abandoned. Long after its demolition the yards remained vacant a railroad station, the houses on Park Square were still being occupied by re- Boston and Providence Railroad yards in the 1890s. The towers of the New Old South Church and Trinity Church (left) rise behind the Hotel Ludlow at the corner of Clarendon Street and Third Boston and Providence Railroad station in process of demolition. (Society for the Pres- St. James Avenue. ervation of New England Antiquities) Site of Boston and Providence Railroad yards in the 1900s. Third Boston and Providence Railroad station train shed in process of demolition. (Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities) I 1 Park Square in the 1880s when the Tavern Club occupied the second floor. The attic roof of the Winslow Lewis house was raised in the late 1870s to give greater height to William Morris Hunt's studio. (M. A. DeWolfe Howe, A Partial, and not Impartial, Semi-Centennial History of the Tavern Club, 1884-1934) Dr. William Norton Bullard, the first Secretary of the Tavern Club, recalled that "In the years 1883 and 1884 a small number of bright, active-minded, energetic young men, unmarried and without definite homes where they took their meals, found themselves in the habit of meeting at certain restaurants where they could conveniently lunch and dine. More especially did they frequent one, known as the Carrollton, on the corner of Church and Providence Streets, di- rectly opposite what was then the side entrance of the Boston and Providence Railroad Station. They were all interested in artistic, literary, or scientific subjects, and they soon formed a small set among themselves, apart from the other frequenters of these places. It occurred to some of them after a time that it might be possible and agreeable to form a small club, to which congenial per- sons might be admitted, where they could dine regularly in company, and where Park Square gate of Boston Common about 1880, showing towers of Boston and Providence Railroad station and Arlington Street Church. they could have full control of the arrangements." Consequently in 1884 they hired the second floor of I Park Square, the area above Lord's grocery and below the studio of F.P. Vinton who had stated emphatically he would let it for HOTEL PELHAM Boston VAN RENSSELAER T The neighborhood of the future Tavern Club in 1874 as shown in G. M. Hopkins' atlas of Boylston Place about 1890. (Drawing in John W. Farlow, The History of the Boston Medical Library) Boston. Before the end of the nineteenth century the Boston Public Library migrated anything except a whorehouse. In this former haunt of William Morris Hunt to Copley Square, while the Boston Medical Library moved to a new building was formed the Tavern Club, of which William Dean Howells became the first in the Fenway beside the Massachusetts Historical Society. In the late nineties president. A Mr. Vercelli, who ran a restaurant in Boylston Street, obliged as Boylston Street was temporarily disturbed by the construction of the Tremont steward; the first club dinner in the new quarters was served on I September Street Subway, the first to be built for trolley car operation in the United States. 1884. The following month the first special dinner occurred, in honor of The Boston Transit Commission, created by the Legislature in 1894, built the Wilhelm Gericke, who had just arrived in Boston to succeed Georg Henschel subway, which was owned by the City of Boston and leased for operation to the as Conductor of the Boston Symphony Orchestra. Guests at other special dinners West End Street Railway Company (subsequently the Boston Elevated Rail- in the first six months included Edmund Gosse, the actors Henry Irving and now the Massachusetts Bay Transit Authority). The first section, from Lawrence Barrett, George Augustus Sala, and Mark Twain. Park way, Street to the Public Garden, was opened on I September 1897. The west- When the somewhat ramshackle I Park Square was scheduled for demolition ern entrance was in Boylston Street between Arlington Street and Church in 1887, the Tavern Club moved around the corner to a red brick house at Street (now Hadassah Way). During World War I when automobiles in- 4 Boylston Place. This quiet cul-de-sac which led off Boylston Street just beyond creased in number, a free parking space, capable of accommodating perhaps exit as the Boston Public Library was then lined on both sides by similar houses. Just as twenty cars, was created in Boylston Street between the subway beyond the club an alley led through to Columbus Place, which in turn con- and many Park Square. This was a refuge, reluctantly sought in extremities, by ag- tinued to Eliot (now Stuart) Street. When the Tavern Club moved to the grieved Bostonians who could find no curbside area nearer their destinations. house where it has stayed for well over eighty years it had bookish neighbors The Public Library in Boylston Street, deserted by its original occupants, was besides the Boston Public Library, for the Boston Medical Library was across leased in October 1896 to the Bowdoin Square Theatre for use as a pop concert the place at number 19 and the Boston Library Society at number 18. Subway exit (opened 1897, discontinued 1940) at Boylston and Arlington Streets in 1934. Subway construction along Boylston Street on 1 May 1895, looking west. The interior decorations of the theatre are in rich hues, crimson and gold the prevailing tints. The dome shows arabesques on a gold ground, forming a frame to eight groups of cupids. Jewels of varied colors set in hall and beer garden, for entertainment and business were displacing learning the walls below the cornice aid in producing brilliancy. The effect of and residence as the characteristics of this corner of Boston. In 1884 the Hollis the whole is heightened by the use of ivory and gold on the gallery fronts, Street Church had migrated to the Back Bay, as many other downtown congre- the designs for which are made up of cupids, flowers, and fruit. gations had done, settling at the southeast corner of Newbury and Exeter The Hollis Street Theatre for more than half a century was the home of Streets in a red-brick turreted extravaganza, designed by George A. Meacham, serious drama. The Agustin Daly Company performed there, as did Julia that was destroyed in 1966. The shell of their 1811 meetinghouse was con- Marlowe, Maude Adams, and Walter Hampden. It was demolished in 1935. verted into the Hollis Street Theatre from designs of John B. Hall. Completed As the Tremont Theatre had opened in 1889 in Tremont Street, near the in November 1885, it was opened on the ninth with the first Boston perfor- Masonic Temple, this corner of the city seemed on its way to becoming a theatre mance of The Mikado, which ran through the entire winter. The 1,650 seats, 750 district. The disused Public Library was sold in February 1899 for $850,000 to of which were on the orchestra floor, made this the fourth largest theatre in the Frederick L. Ames estate, which demolished it and built a combined theatre Boston. Bacon's Dictionary of Boston, published in 1886, commented approvingly and office building on the site. The Colonial Theatre, a vast house, lavishly upon the sumptuous appearance of the new building. decorated with a profusion of gold, opened on 19 December 1900 with "Ben Little Building (site of Hotel Pelham) and Colonial Building (site of Boston Public Library) in 1934. Hur." Within the next fourteen years four other theatres were built only a block or two away: the Majestic (1903), Shubert (1910), Plymouth (1911), and Wilbur (1914). The ten-story Colonial Building, of which the theatre formed a part, radically changed the scale and height of Boylston Street, with correspond- ing repercussions in Boylston Place. The Boston Library Society in 1903 moved from 18 Boylston Place to 114 Newbury Street where it remained until 1939 when, having lived too long on its capital, it was charitably absorbed by the Boston Athenxum. In the second decade of the nineteenth century the Hotel Pelham and adjacent structures were replaced by the Little Building, the most glamorous office building of the era of World War I, complete with direct access to the Boylston Street subway station and an Automat restaurant in the basement that enchanted me as a small boy. Although the food and company at the Tavern Club are infinitely preferable, I still remember the delight of getting milk out of a lion's mouth after inserting a nickle Through most of the twentieth century the ground-floor shops on Boylston Street between the Colonial Theatre and Park Square have had a magnificent concentration of dealers in music and musical instruments; precisely why I have never discovered, for the block is far removed both from the old Music Hall near Hamilton Place and Winter Place and its successor Symphony Hall and the New England Con- servatory of Music in Huntington Avenue, but there they have been as long as I can remember. Although I have never bought a piano from any of them, I would feel lost without them, especially the Boston Music Company, at 116 Boylston Street since 1926, which has one of the handsomest shop fronts in Boston. 116 BOSTON MUSIC CO 116 I Shop front at 116 Boylston Street. (Boston Music Company) The construction of the Eliot Street Garage soon after World War I caused the demolition of the end houses of Boylston Place and the obliteration of Colum- bus Place, as well as of a number of contemporary buildings along Eliot Street. In 1909 members of the Tavern Club had bought the adjoining house at 5 Boylston Place, which was in 1914 annexed to number 4 by a bridge across the alley leading to Columbus Place, which provided space for a pool table on the second floor and a bedroom above. Number 6, owned by an old German musi- cian, was bought in 1920 for protection, as the builders of the Eliot Street Garage would have gained a right of way for an automobile entrance from Boylston Place on 23 December 1956 during the Tavern Club fire. (Tavern Club) Boylston Place had they been able to secure that property. Patrons on foot, in- cluding many Taverners, happily entered the garage from Boylston Place until Tavern Club Library in March 1971. (Stacy Holmes) Hatch and John Harriman brought down the house, but the next morning the clutter had been swept away and members were on hand for the admirable Friday's fish chowder. Early on Saturday morning the twenty-third, a fire that had started in a neighboring building at 144 Boylston Street swept into the Tavern Club, gutting everything above the second floor. Fortunately the first floor was undamaged except by smoke. In any other city a club would have re- Tavern Club, Boylston Place in March 1971. (Stacy Holmes) garded such a fire as a providential excuse to move to glittering new quarters elsewhere. Not so in Boston. While other friendly clubs provided Taverners early 1971 when the doorway was walled up, but the little street has always with space for meetings, the reconstruction of 4 Boylston Place progressed. A remained a cul-de-sac as far as wheeled vehicles are concerned. single forward-looking type who had suggested the possibility of considering an- Numbers 4, 5 and 6 are the only survivors that suggest the pleasantness of other location narrowly escaped being strung up on the nearest lamp post. Unan- Boylston Place when it was a residential enclave beside the Public Library. limously the decision was made to rebuild and stay put. Francis W. Hatch, Night clubs and beauty parlors have supplanted the Boston Medical Library then President, was asked what was being done to preserve the dinginess. "Your and the Boston Library Society as neighbors, but indoors the Tavern Club President assured the questioner that every effort was being made to duplicate goes happily on its way. On 21 December 1956 a Christmas play by Francis W. our shabby gentility. 'I am glad to hear this,' observed the troubled one. 'Last spring I asked a visitor from London to dine with me at the Tavern. He was Tavern Club Dining Room at luncheon, March 1971. (Stacy Holmes) The Librarian of the Tavern Club, R. H. Ives Gammell, seated below the portrait of Holker Abbott by John Singer Sargent in March 1971. (Stacy Holmes) delighted with the place. He said, We have nothing in London any dingier!" So at vast effort and expense the Tavern Club weathered the 1956 fire so successfully that it is all but forgotten. Number 4 Boylston Place looks almost exactly as it has since 1887; even though some convenience in the kitchen and an elevator were surreptitiously introduced, the atmosphere is unchanged. May it stay so for another eighty years, and then some. Solid Boston law firms may have moved into new towers, and even bought new furniture, but none of their partners, or anybody else, wants a stick of the Tavern Club changed, EVER. Tavern Club Dining Room set for dinner, March 1971. (Stacy Holmes) Acknowledgments Except where noted in the captions, illustrations are from the collections of the Bostonian Society. Several photographs were generously provided by the Boston Athenxum, the Boston Public Library, and the Society for the Preserva- tion of New England Antiquities, while Stacy Holmes especially took several pictures of the Tavern Club. Marc Friedlander, Associate Editor of The Adams Papers, generously furnished details of the construction of the Hotel Boylston, while Frederic E. Delzell of the Boston Music Company provided a picture of their fine shop front. Miss Barbara Timken assembled the illustrations, and was of great assistance in preparing the final draft of the text. W. M. W. 6432 036 Birth 2rob A PARTIAL (AND NOT IMPARTIAL) SEMI-CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF THE NOBISC HOLMES LOWELL . CUSHING LOEFFLER TAVERN CLUB CHAPMAN PADEREWSKI ADAMOWSKI 1884-1934 By M. A. DEWOLFE HOWE THE SEMI-CENTENNIAL TRIPTYCH (See page 153) PRINTED FOR THE TAVERN CLUB MDCCCCXXXIV I2 History of the Tavern Club The Beginnings I3 the Club was incorporated, begin with a section headed the grocery shop on the corner of Boylston Street and 'Name and Purposes' and reading as follows: 'This Park Square, having fitted up the second floor as a living club shall be called the Tavern Club (an incorporated apartment. Because of financial depression he had given it up and retired to the studio. He mentioned this and we society) and is constituted for the purpose of the pro- asked him what restrictions he would make on a possible motion of literature, drama, music, science, art, and tenant. I recall his emphatic statement that he would let other civic purposes, and for the establishment and it for anything except a whore house. maintenance of one or more club-houses or places for We saw our opportunity, organized the club, and moved special meetings in the City of Boston.' in. The only expense was for the furnishing and utensils, In a manuscript volume, 'The Rules of the Tavern as the Italian restaurant proprietor - I have forgotten his Club,' preserved in the archives of the Club, and in name - assumed all the responsibility. I suggested the name, having, I assume, Dr. Johnson in all Club books before 1919, the opening section is headed mind, but Munzig was by far the most important member simply 'Name,' and reads 'This Club shall be called in this formative stage. He induced the retiring Mr. the Tavern Club and is established for dining and social Howells to accept the presidency and was active in suggest- purposes.' Such certainly was its original object, and ing the entertainments, usually given in Vinton's studio, such, essentially, it has remained. which became a regular feature. The club was a success from the start and two years later moved to its present The name of Tavern - recalling inevitably Dr. John- quarters. son's familiar dictum, 'There is nothing which has yet been contrived by man by which so much happiness is Vercelli, as we shall see later, was the forgotten name produced as by a good tavern or inn' - has been cred- of the restaurateur and it was for three rather than ited by early members to the invention of one of their two years that the Club remained in Park Square. But members, Dr. Royal Whitman of New York. In answer Dr. Whitman's title to the naming of the Club stands to my request for a verification of this tradition, and clear - as well as Vinton's receptive attitude towards for any other remembrances that might occur to him, tenants of all sorts but one. Dr. Whitman has written (February 7, 1933): A manuscript list of the members at the time of the meeting in the Park Square rooms is made up of the The origin of the Tavern Club is as you suggest. A following names: T. Adamowski, Robert D. Andrews, number of young men who dined at the Carrollton on William P. Blake, William N. Bullard, Edward Burnett, Church Street and later at an Italian restaurant on Boylston Sigourney Butler, Frederic Crowninshield, Elbridge G. Street had discussed the project of establishing a dining club. While the project was in the air, Munzig and I met Cutler, E. K. Dunham, H. S. Durand, Thomas C. the painter, Vinton, on Boylston Street. He had married Felton, James G. Freeman, I. M. Gaugengigl, F. B. a year or two before and had taken Hunt's studio over Greenough, George G. Hayward, C. duV. Hunt, Herbert 14 History of the Tavern Club The Beginnings 15 Jaques, S. W. Langmaid, E. C. Lee, F. W. Lee, J. D. H. the Tavern Club seem in retrospect of a naiveté almost Luce, J. H. McCollom, G. C. Munzig, A. J. Parsons, Arcadian. Simple pleasures - like proceeding in force B. C. Porter, Morton Prince, H. P. Quincy, W. L. Rich- on a summer evening from the club rooms to the Public ardson, Arthur Rotch, J. M. Sears, H. H. Sprague, Garden pond and filling two swan boats for an innocu- G. Stedman, C. W. Sturgis, F. S. Sturgis, T. R. Sullivan, ous voyage of the placid waters - leeways of leisure, G. H. Tilden, G. B. Upham, F. P. Vinton, F. S. Watson, with frequent, casual occasions for good music and W. F. Weld, J. T. Wheelwright, R. Whitman, Owen infinite talk, whether lofty or trivial in theme, quiet Wister. (43.) enjoyment of a reasonably ordered state of society, A printed list, on a single page, issued a little later freedom from the disillusions which have SO blighted has these additional names: Henry B. Chapin, Arthur E. the latter end of our half-century - all these were the Davis,* Frederic Homer (who did not join), Thomas possessions, quite taken for granted, of such a company Lee, John T. Linzee,* Charles E. Sampson,* Henry W. as that which started our brotherhood on its way. If Swift,* J. M. Torroja, Henry Wainwright, William D. the tone of the laudator temporis acti forces itself into Howells, Eustace Jaques, R. H. Fitz,4 John Boyle some of the pages to follow, it is only because the earlier O'Reilly. (13.) days of any period through which one has lived are apt In the present official list of forty-eight Charter Mem- to seem the more golden: even SO it may be hoped that bers the five names starred in the second of these lists the Tavern will appear less changed in essentials than are added to the forty-three of the first. many of the institutions and ways of life that surround Before considering in any detail what soon began to it. For better or worse its annals belong to the social happen in the new quarters it is desirable to bring to history of a period. mind the simple Boston, the relatively uncomplicated society, of fifty years ago. One cannot recall it without remembering that the telephone was then rather a speculative opportunity than a daily necessity, that gas illumination and horse-cars had not yet given place to the electric light and the trolley, and that the motor- car was still further in the future than these impending 'improvements.' It is a truism that with the changed mechanics of living the spirit of living has been cor- respondingly transformed. Certainly the Boston of 1884 and the little assemblage of young men who formed The Ursa's Major IO7 many other things. But before this 'dismal finish' was reached, the actual dinner had scored a triumphant success. The speech most vividly remembered was the re- sponse of President Eliot, elected earlier in the year to honorary membership, to the toast, 'The New Members.' With characteristic impressiveness he declared his frank envy of men who had always enjoyed such fellowship as the Tavern afforded, an experience denied to him in part by qualities in himself which he deplored, and in part by the necessity to conserve, through all his earlier years, the limited strength of his eyes for the constant work he felt obliged to perform. This expression of honest wistfulness for lost pleasures revealed an endearing human quality in the speaker, less widely realized then than it came to be as the years went on. A lighter classic in the memory of the Club relates to an interchange between Norton, who responded to the toast of 'The Ex-Presidents,' and Professor A. S. Hill, who performed a similar office for 'The Bear.' In the course of Norton's speech, which came early in the evening, he said in his mellifluous diction - and phonetic spelling must be used to recall the sound of it all - that 'The Tavern Club is an oasis in the Sa-hah-ra of American civilization.' When Hill came to speak, in his brisk Yankee manner, he quoted these words, but with another vowel sound: 'Professor Norton tells us that the Tavern Club is a Sa-hair-a in the desert of American civilization' - to which came the gentle protest from Norton, smiling with all benignancy: 'I said Sa-hah-ra.' No spelling can bring back the brief I44 History of the Tavern Club Wendell to Wister 145 and blending with these qualities a sympathy and saga- cious Yankee humor that rounded the fruits of the union The non-residents, though naturally more in evidence into works of art. The subject of these remarks would on special occasions than through frequent resort to the probably rather not have them made, as it were, in his Club House, have always constituted an important ele- presence; but those for whom they are made SO far out- ment in the membership - a fact to which the election number him that 'the ayes' in favor of making them may of one of their members, Owen Wister, also a Charter be said to have it, all but unanimously. Member, to the presidency in 1929, and every year since But it is time to turn from officers to members, and an then bears convincing testimony. Another non-resident, officer shall be cited to justify what was said in the John Jay Chapman, elected first in 1885 - only to re- last paragraph but one about the constant debt of the sign in less than two years - and again in 1909, was in his Annual Report of 1924: Club to the members themselves. Thus Daniel Sargent preparing at the time of his death in November, 1933, a volume of reminiscences which he called 'Retrospec- tions.' A brief section of it was headed, 'The Tavern,' Of course, no one has any idea that the officers have and I am fortunately permitted to quote it here. It anything to do with the prosperity of the Club. Those who govern that are the members themselves who hang will speak for itself, not merely with the voice of a non- up their mortality on the pegs in the Tavern Club hall, resident exceptionally qualified to speak at all, but also in terms of what the Tavern has meant to all classes light of the billiard room, or in that shadowy vestibule and move round momentarily immortal in the Elysian of its membership: of dreams, the library, or in that tunnel of ghastly thunder, The Tavern the squash court. They maintain the Monday There were a lot of agreeable men, old and young, in are astronomers, They the the musicians builders nights. singers, nights. They the are and story-tellers, the and about Boston at the time of my graduation (1884) of Tavern Club and of my years in the Law School, and a group of them Fremont-Smith, they are Breed, and Rock, and Charlie turned by degrees into the Tavern Club. I vividly remem- Coolidge. They are Waddy. They belabor the House ber one of their early meetings in the rooms of Frederick Committee. They lose their pipes in the Tavern Club. Vinton, the painter. It was a dinner given to Salvini - They swallow up the new members, they are the new mem- bers. Their laughter is our ambrosia. at which the great actor recited the death scene from La Morte Civile and managed at the climax to dispose himself There is one class of members of which no mention on the floor with the grace of a gigantic serpent - the has been made in the preceding pages - the non-residents, serpent of the Laocoon. As time went on, the Tavern came to play an important grown in members from six in the first printed Club- part in the history of Boston. The group was always made book, to 72 in the last, far more startlingly than the up of old and young, distinguished and undistinguished, residents have grown from IOO, through 125, to 150. artists, actors, musicians, literary men, amateurs and professionals; and it has always retained its informal, 160 History of the Tavern Club The Tavern Muse 161 Soul of the victor, silent, adamant, Till happy chance up to the Tavern led: Now truly 'all the neighbors know his face.' And here with joy I found once more my way, Each bottle bears the essence, fragrant, keen, Here where the man speaks with the boy's frank tongue; The vital potion that shall make us whole; Laughs the lad's laugh, catches youth's wine-foam jest; Spare not - guest, brother - of your Wisterine, Where stiffened throats supple in blithesome song, Still brew your antiseptic of the soul! And lips white-bearded yet in smiles are young; M. A. DEW. HOWE Here, where, though heads be gray, we find the zest, WITH A PRESENT OF CHAMPAGNE The mirth that to immortal youth belong. ARLO BATES (At 'Dinner to Perrier Jouet,' February 3, 1904) Brothers in Tavern, you have willed A sparkling guest to entertain; To RICHARD HODGSON And, as you sit with glasses filled, (Valentine Dinner, 1905) o hear an absentee complain: We boast of Clay and Webster, Pity, my brothers, his sad plight We talk of eloquence, That may not dine with you tonight. We honor Celtic fluency, And think it is immense. His spirit and his heart are sore, I sing the song of Richard, His fortune, like the wine, is brute, My vocalist divine, But they that cannot go to war My leather-lunged and chesty-toned Make haste to send a substitute: Australian valentine. In his dull stead this foam of France Shall make your gain from his mischance. His lower notes are bully, OWEN WISTER His vocal cords are geared, They run on an endless pulley, GRIEVED FOR LOST YOUTH And feed words through his beard. (November II, 1904) His valves all open outward, Grieved for lost Youth, who not for prayers would stay, Unscrew, and - Hully gee! But mocking with light laughter, her fair head You're glad to run for rest and peace Gold aureoled with her sunny hair, had fled To a boiler factoree. Like some wild dryad down a woodland way, Taking the cheer and brightness of my day - His engines are high-powered, I walked beside grim beldam Age instead; They run with no exhaust, 162 History of the Tavern Club The Tavern Muse 163 The triple-expansion, jaw-bone type, I'm done. Now change your glasses With a draught that's always forced, And charge the bill to me: Two hundred pounds of pressure steam, Drink deep the health of Dicky, In a roaring, open flue, But drink it quietly. A nine-inch walking talking beam, Drink Mumm, if that's your liquor, And a tandem racing screw. But keep mum all the same, And if he asks who wrote this skit, We read of Buller's army, Why - Kruger is my name. Assailed by shot and shell, Oom PAUL With fierce Long Toms and bursting bombs, [F. S. STURGIS?] That make war seem like hell. But if I were Sir Redvers, And I could take my choice, From 'THE COMING OF AGE OF THE BEAR' I'd draw off every man but Dick (On three monkeys belonging to Jack Tilden: at Dinner, December I, 1905) And let him throw his voice. Those members who date back for ten years, or farther, Will recall that sad trio, Maud, Gwendolyn, Arthur. You talk of Clay and Webster! Poor Arthur, the butt of the Simian race, He'd make that clay a brick: Of pathetic physique, and of lacrimose face. You've heard Joe Adamowski! His physical assets were ribs and expression, He'd make Joe Adams sick: Inordinate legs, and an air of depression. Trot out your Morse and Watson, His habits? His habits it's best not to mention; And let them do their worst, They were not always neat, nor controlled by convention. Then turn the valve in Dicky's jaw Arthur lived upon hope, and so little he'd eat And count the words that burst. That the marvel was how he could be indiscreet! Unlike fair King Arthur, this 'monk' was unable O Richard, o my talker! To be a gay Knight, and join the 'Round Table,' If I but had your voice, Peace be to his ashes, if there were any left, I'd not waste time on psychic work, Of bodily substance so sadly bereft. Or spirits, howe'er choice. With pathetic endeavor he ran his brief course; But I'd go and be a siren, On his brow was engraven 'a life of remorse.' And work my rosy lips, F. S. STURGIS With a six-inch steam attachment, On the Chelsea Ferry Slips. 230 History of the Tavern Club And well I doubt a Taverner could be VIII Who has not talked to Holker Abbott today. THREE AFTER-DINNER SPEECHES And who of us can forget the man death took, Just as we lit the lights here in the hall, And turned the fiftieth page of our Club-book, No RECORD of the vast majority of speeches at Club And told our friends to be prompt at the festival? dinners remains. Out of the few that survive in the written word three are given here, both for themselves For instance Harry Lyman, and our droll, and for their representation of notable occasions be- Our unforgettable Waddy, with his fist tween 1900 and 1920. Grown like a root about his pipe's black bowl, Standing four-square to steady the world's list. SPEECH BY OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES So let the rats gnaw every Tavern wire, AT DINNER IN HONOR OF S. WEIR MITCHELL, MARCH 4, 1900 And drink up all our gas, and even devour It is for others to give their appreciations, SO far as may be The matches so we cannot strike a fire, consistent with the modesty of our guest, of his double achieve- Or let our mighty Treasurer, our tower, ment in science and in literature. We have here distinguished doctors and the writers of successful books. It is for them to Our seven-foot Henry Vaughan, refuse to us - speak according to their calling of what our guest has done in Which he will not - that little craintive mite each. For I doubt if any one man would assume for himself Of coal-fire in the library cavernous, even a corner of Dr. Mitchell's mantle large enough to cover And make us pay hereafter for black night. him in the attempt to do justice to both. I offer my few words of welcome in the more modest capacity of the representative We have the light. We have the fifty years. - of another doctor, who in his day, I am encouraged to believe, Wister and Agassiz and Huntington and all paid his debt to his profession, and who also was not unknown You officers that guide us, it appears in letters. It was a pleasure and pride of his later years to call We have no need for lighting in this hall. Dr. Mitchell his friend. His son would be wanting in human DANIEL SARGENT feeling if he did not join in this occasion with a full heart. I shall venture for a moment away from the field of personal reflection. It seems to me that in one sense the sphere of litera- ture is narrowing. Art and religion, in spite of their kinship, long have lived under separate roofs. Law left the hands of the priests even further back. Today the whole domain of truth concerning the visible world belongs to science. One half re- 232 Three After-Dinner Speeches Three After-Dinner Speeches 233 sents sporadic aperçus about the universe because he discovers that they are fragments of an actual or possible science. It no ings; that art no longer is a handy man about the house with a longer would be possible for any but superficial persons to re- general business of imparting useful information, but that it more and more definitely is and will be confined to the function peat Mrs. Browning's attitudinizing exclamation concerning the poets: 'I speak of the only truth-tellers now left to God.' of making us feel what it is for others to prove and in the main We know that God is not SO hard up as she professed to think. to discover. For the most part thinkers belong in the opposite We yield back scant sympathy to Tennyson's posing 'Vex not camp. Few indeed are the men who unite in any degree the thou the poet's mind with thy shallow wit.' We know that the power to disclose truth and the power to make it live in our epoch-making ideas have come not from the poets but from the hearts. Few are they who at once can reveal and charm. I have made these general reflections, partly because they philosophers, the jurists, the mathematicians, the physicists - from the men who explain, not from the men who feel. We naturally come into my mind when I think of literature, and realize that explanation and feeling are at the opposite poles of because, while no general proposition is worth a straw, the chief intellectual life, and require and come from opposite interests end of men is to frame them, but mainly in honor of our guest, and opposite gifts. We no longer ask of belles lettres that they who presents SO very unusual an example of success at both the should be a 'criticism of life' in Matthew Arnold's phrase, as poles. A man must indeed command large forces who can turn though they should help us to fix our attitude toward the world. both flanks of the enemy and not himself be cut in two. We do not read novels for improvement or instruction. We do not want 'medicated fiction' - to quote what once was said SPEECH BY ROBERT GRANT to my father - we want only to be amused, to be moved, to be AT DINNER IN HONOR OF PRESIDENT LOWELL uplifted, and to be charmed. OCTOBER 26, 1909 To my mind the great realistic movement is perfectly con- sistent with what I have said. The end of art is to pull the Abbott Lawrence Lowell! By virtue of the authority reposed trigger of an emotion. But what will pull the trigger depends in me by those members of the Honorable and Reverend the upon the audience. If they know too much to believe a ghost Board of Overseers who are also members of the Tavern Club story even for half an hour, there is no use in telling them ghost I hereby congratulate you that this is one of the last functions, stories. If the instantaneous photograph has made them notice if not the last, in the orgy of felicitation and ceremonial by more exactly how animals move, the old pictures of races, in which you have been inducted into office. You ought to be which the horses' legs stuck out straight fore and aft, no longer pretty well used up. It is no fault of your admirers that your give them the feeling of speed, and the pictures miss their end. cheeks still retain the glow of prolonged youth and your eyes Realism seeks more truth, not because truth is the end of art, their habitual keen animation; that your digestion is unim- but because at the present day more truth is the condition of paired and that your stock of stories and metaphor still holds our feeling what the artist wants to make us feel. out. So I say that there has been a further differentiation of call- In the attempts to set forth worthily your characteristics the choicest flowers of speech not only of the English language but ree After-Dinner Speeches of soul emancipation. Day has outgrown now the days of the Civil LIST OF MEMBERS imits then presented. It has become a national tomorrow we shall have the privilege to share tion's mourning and every hamlet in our broad THE following list attempts to include all members of the Tavern uth, East, and West, will reverently strew with Club, past and present, resident, non-resident, and honorary. The ves of their beloved and honored dead, of the names of living members are printed in boldface type. e Spanish War, of the Great World War, and Gaps and inconsistencies in the Club records impose similar and on every side benedictions and God-speed defects here. A few names cannot be given in full, and certain dates, On my own behalf this evening, on behalf of especially of resignations, must be omitted or approximated. The time, and for my friends here tonight I am sure letter C (for circa) stands before dates which are known to be but ged to say to you, Welcome and Benediction. approximately correct. The list must obviously be read 'E. & O. E.' 1885 Abbott, Holker. Died 1930. 1887 Bacon, Gorham. Non-res. 1889 Adamowski, Josef. Resigned. 1912 Bacon, Robert. Died 1919. 1884 Adamowski, Timothee. Char. 1902 Bailey, Walter Channing. Mem. Resigned 1910. Re-el. 1892 Baker, George Pierce. Resigned. 1931. 1934 Baker, Myles Pierce. 1934 Adams, Charles Francis. 1893 Balch, Franklin Greene. 1916 Agassiz, George Russell. 1915 Baldwin, Thomas Tileston. 1933 Aldrich, Richard Steere. Non- Died 1923. res. 1894 Bancroft, Wilder Dwight. Non- 1897 Aldrich, Thomas Bailey. Hon. res. 1901. Resigned 1932. Died 1907. 1915 Barbour, Thomas. 1922 Aldrich, William Truman. 1886 Barrett, Lawrence. Non-res. 1932 Allen, Philip Ray. Died 1891. 1920 Alsop, John De Koven. Non- 1904 Bartlett, Francis. Died 1913. res. Resigned. 1899 Barton, George Edward. Re- 1924 Ames, Adelbert, Jr. Non-res. signed. 1887 Ames, Oliver. Resigned 1892. 1911 Bass, Robert Perkins. Non-res. 1896 Ames, Winthrop. Now non- 1888 Bates, Arlo. Died 1918. res. 1887 Bates, Samuel Worcester. Re- 1933 Amory, Harold. signed. 1884 Andrews, Robert Day. Char. 1909 Baynes, Ernest Harold. Non- Mem. Died 1929. res. Died 1925. 1886 Apthorp, William Foster. Died 1900 Bell, Gordon Knox. Non-res. Benson, Frank Weston. 1913. 1892 1894 Atkinson, Robert Whitman. 1888 Betts, J. Sanford. Non-res. Re- Died 1934. signed 1889. 1892 Attwood, Francis Gilbert. Died 1929 Bigelow, Chandler. 1900. 1924 Bigelow, Edward Livingston. 1884 Bacon, Francis Henry. Now 1899 Bigelow, Henry Forbes. Died non-res. 1929. 1919 Bacon, Gaspar Griswold. Re- 1894 Bigelow, Joseph Smith. Died signed. 1930. 244 List of Members List of Members 245 1906 Bigelow, Lewis Sherrill. Non- Chase, Theodore. Died 1894. 1896 Cummings, Charles Kimball. 1885 res. Resigned 1933. Browne, Alexander Porter. Re- 1889 1887 Bigelow, William Sturgis. Died signed 1892. 1928 Chittenden, George Peters. Now 1925 Curtis, Charles Pelham. 1884 1919 Curtis, Charles Pelham, Jr. Bullard, William Norton. Char. non-res. 1926. Blake, Gerald. Mem. Died 1931. 1923 Chittenden, Gerald. Non-res. 1892 Curtis, Francis Gardner. Died 1910 1900 Churchill, Winston. Non-res. 1915. 1902 Blake, John Bapst. 1885 Bunker, Dennis Miller. Died Resigned. 1906 Curtis, James Freeman. Now 1884 Blake, William Payne. 1890. Char. non-res. Mem. Died 1922. 1930 Burke, John Randolph. 1930 Claflin, William Henry. Clemson, Walter John. Re- 1922 Curtis, Richard Carey. 1896 Blaney, Dwight. 1884 Burnett, Edward. Char. Mem. 1899 signed 1933. 1912 Cushing, Harvey. Now non-res. 1912 Blumer, Thomas Spriggs. Resigned. Clough, Charles Ayer. Died 1884 Cushing, Hayward Warren. 1900 1884 Burnett, Harry. Died 1927. 1886 Blunt, John Elijah. Resigned. Died 1934. 1888 1896 Bohlen, Charles. Non-res. Re- Burnett, John Torrey. Re- 1908. Cushing, Howard Gardiner. signed 1897. Clymer, William Branford Shu- 1897 signed. 1897 Non-res. C 1907. Died 1916. 1886 1884 Booth, Edwin. Resigned 1888. Burrell, Herbert Leslie. Died brick. Died 1903. 1910. Cobb, Boughton. Non-res. 1884 Cutler, Elbridge Gerry. Char. 1916 Bowditch, Edward. Died 1929. 1926 1895 Bush, Samuel Daere. Resigned. 1908 Cobb, Frederick Codman. Now Mem. Resigned 1886. 1884 Bowditch, Henry Pickering. 1922 Cutler, George Chalmers, Jr. 1884 Butler, Sigourney. Char. Mem. non-res. Hon. 1907. Died 1911. Non-res. Resigned 1931. 1907 Resigned 1889. 1931 Cobb, Robert Codman. Non-res. Bowditch, John Perry. Re- Cobb, Stanley. 1922 Cutler, Robert. 1928 signed C. 1911. Byrd, Richard Evelyn. Hon. 1920 1887 Bowditch, Nathaniel Ingersoll. Byrne, Francis Henry Balfour. 1893 Codman, Charles Greenough. 1922 Danielson, Richard Ely. 1896 Non-res. 1908. Resigned. Non-res. Resigned. 1884 Davenport, Francis Henry. Resigned. 1922 Codman, Charles Russell. 1884 Davis, Arthur Edward. Char. 1887 Bowditch, 1887 Vincent Yardley. Cabot, Arthur Tracy. Died 1912. Mem. Resigned 1886. Died 1929. 1928 Cabot, Charles Codman. 1899 Codman, John Sturgis. Collins, Alfred Quinton. Died 1887 Davis, Charles Edward, Jr. 1889 1918 Bowen, John Templeton. Re- Cabot, Frederick Pickering. 1887 Resigned 1907. signed C. 1903. Died 1932. 1903. 1884 Bradford, Hickling. Cabot, Henry Bromfield Jr. Colt, Henry Francis. 1896 Davis, Theodore Montgomery. 1933 Edward 1929 Non-res. Died 1915. Died 1926. 1907 Cabot, Samuel. 1933 Compton, Karl Taylor. 1933 Conant, James Bryant. 1926 Deane, Frederick. 1888 1887 Bradford, George Hillard. Died Carey, Arthur Astor. Resigned. Converse, Frederic Shepherd. 1894 DeFord, Henry. Resigned 1922 1890. Carey, Arthur Graham. 1899 1887 Coolidge, Charles Allerton. Re- 1907. 1888 1887 Braggiotti, Isidore. Non-res. Carter, John Ridgeley. Non- De Koven, Reginald. Non-res. res. Resigned. signed. 1889 c 1901. Resigned 1931. Coolidge, Charles Allerton, Jr. Died 1920. 1922 Breed, William Bradley. 1889 Chadwick, George Whitfield. 1922 Coolidge, Harold Jefferson, Jr. 1893 Deland, Lorin Fuller. Died 1901 Brewster, George Washington Died 1931. 1930 1887 Coolidge, John Templeman. 1917. Wales. Chamberlin, William Everett. 1890 Resigned 1888. 1912 Coolidge, John Templeman, Jr. 1919 Denny, George Parkman. 1905 Brice, Walter Kirkpatrick. Non- c 1901 Coolidge, Lawrence. 1887 Dixey, Richard Cowell. Died res. Died 1926. Chanler, Robert Winthrop. 1932 Coolidge, Thomas Jefferson. 1915. 1902 Briggs, LeBaron Russell. Hon. Non-res. Resigned C 1905. 1925 Died 1934 Chanler, Winthrop. Non-res. 1915 Copeland, Charles Townsend. 1885 Doe, Orlando Witherspoon. Re- 1894 Resigned 1905. Courtney, Paul Graham. signed 1887. 1885 Brimmer, Martin. Hon. Died 1933 1887 Cranford, Kenneth Rylance. 1904 Dorr, George Buckman. Now 1926 1896. Chanler, Theodore Ward. Non- non-res. res. Resigned 1933. Resigned 1890. 1893 Brooks, Frederick. Resigned. 1884 Chapin, Henry Bainbridge. Re- 1914 Croly, Herbert David. Non-res. 1888 Dumaresq, Francis. Died 1902. 1922 Brooks, Henry Howard. Died 1929. 1895 Dunham, Carroll, Jr. Non-res. 1923 Brooks, Winthrop signed 1886. Sprague. Died 1923. Now non-res. 1887 Chaplin, Heman White. Re- 1894 Crosby, Stephen Van-Rensse- laer. Resigned. Re-el. 1932. 1884 Dunham, Edward Kellogg. 1888 Brown, John Appleton. signed. Char. Mem. Non-res. 1892. Non- 1925 Chapman, Chanler. Non-res. 1913 Croswell, James Greenleaf. Non- res. 1891. Died 1902. Died 1922. 1928 Brown, John Nicholas. 1885 Chapman, John Jay. Non-res. res. Died 1915. Now Resigned 1887. Re-el. 1909. 1884 Crowninshield, Frederic. Char. 1885 Dunham, Theodore. Now non- non-res. Died 1933. Mem. Resigned 1886. res. 246 List of Members List of Members 247 1884 Durand, Henry Strong. Char. Mem. 1905 Non-res. Fletcher, Guitèras, Ramon. Non-res. Re- 1887 Hodgson, Richard. Died 1905. Horace. 1888. Died Non-res. 1885 1929. Died 1919. signed 1891. 1889 Holmes, Oliver Wendell. Hon. 1889 Duveneck, Frank. Gulick, Charles Burton. Died 1894. Non-res. 1890 Foote, Arthur. Resigned 1933. 1933 1918 Forbes, Allan. Resigned 1932. 1904 Hale, Herbert Dudley. Non- 1894 Holmes, Oliver Wendell. Hon. 1892. Died 1919. 1907 Forbes, Charles Stewart. Now res. Resigned 1908. 1898 Homans, Robert. Resigned. 1888 Dwight, Theodore Frelinghuy- William. Resigned non-res. Hale, Philip. 1887 Hooper, sen. Resigned. 1912 1918 1885 Dyer, Louis. Resigned 1890. Forbes, Francis Murray. 1894 Hale, Philip Leslie. Resigned. 1891. 1932 1925 Hopkins, Ernest Martin. Non- 1933 Edmonds, John Buckeley. Non- Forbes, Francis Murray, Jr. 1933 Hall, John Loomer. 1908 res. Forbes, John Wells. Resigned. 1920 Hamlen, Joseph Rochemont. res. 1925 Edgell, George Harold. 1899 Forbes, William Cameron. 1897 Hamlin, Charles Sumner. Re- 1897 Hopkinson, Charles Sydney. 1884 1884 Eldridge, William Thompson. Freeman, Horace Vinton. Re- signed. 1887 Hopkinson, John Prentiss. Died signed 1886. 1909 Hammond, John Hays. Non- 1900. Non-res. 1887. Resigned. 1884 Freeman, James Goldthwaite. 1884 Horton, Charles Paine. Re- 1884 Eliot, Amory. Resigned. res. 1904 Eliot, Charles William. Hon. Char. Mem. Died 1912. 1885 Harding, Emor Herbert. Re- signed 1893. 1923 1884 Howard, Thomas Howard. Non- Died 1926. Fremont-Smith, Maurice. signed. 1885 French, Daniel Chester. Re- 1930 Harkness, Edward Stephen. res. Resigned 1889. 1913 Elliott, Howard. Non-res. Later signed. 1893 Howe, Mark Antony Wolfe. Non-res. res. Died 1929. 1884 Harris, Francis Augustus. Re- 1917 Howe, Wallis Eastburn. Non- 1887 Elliot, John Wheelock. Died 1913 Frothingham, Channing. res. 1920 1925. Gammell, Robert Hale Ives. signed 1886. Gardiner, Robert Hallowell. 1896 Hathaway, Horatio. Non-res. 1884 Howells, William Dean. Hon. 1921 Emerson, William. 1934 1888. Died 1920. 1910 Endicott, 1933 Gardiner, William Tudor. Non- Resigned. William Crownin- res. shield. 1896 Hathaway, Thomas Schuyler. 1918 Howland, Llewellyn. 1911 1919 Evarts, Richard Conover. Re- Gardner, George Peabody, Jr. Non-res. Died 1924. 1920 Hubbard, Edward Arthur. 1887 signed 1933. 1909 Hay, Clarence. Non-res. Re- 1887 Hubbard, Eliot. Resigned 1932. Gardner, John Lowell. Died signed. 1884 Hunt, Clyde Du Vernet. Non- 1908 Fairbanks, Arthur. Now non- 1899. 1884 Gaugengigl, Ignaz Marcel. Char. 1884 Hayward, George Griswold. res. 1893. Resigned. res. Char. Mem. Died 1910. 1921 Huntington, James Lincoln. 1885 Fairchild, Charles. Resigned. Mem. Resigned 1917. 1899 Non-res. Gay, Frederic Lewis. Died 1916. 1886 Heard, John, Jr. Non-res. Died 1900 Hurlbut, Byron Satterlee. Died 1921 Fairchild, Gordon. 1929. 1884 Gericke, Wilhelm. Hon. 1890. 1895. Res. 1931. Died 1932. Augustus. Died 1901 Hyde, Arthur. Non-res. Re- 1908 Farley, John Wells. Died 1925. 1886 Hemenway, signed 1905. 1888 Fearing, Daniel Butler. Non- 1899 Goodhue, Bertram Grosvenor. 1931. 1924 Hemenway, Lawrence. 1900 Hyde, James Hazen. Non-res. res. Resigned 1890. Non-res. Died 1924. Resigned. 1906 1884 Felton, Thomas Cary. Char. Goodrich, Wallace. 1933 Henderson, Lawrence Joseph. 1888 Grant, Robert. Resigned and re- Henry, Barklie McKee. Non- 1892 Ingersoll, Henry McKean. Non- Mem. Died 1898. 1927 res. Resigned 1897. elected. res. 1928. 1891 Fenollosa, Ernest Francisco. Hepburn, Andrew Hopewell. 1884 Jackson, Frank. Died 1921. 1885 Died 1908. Gray, Morris. Resigned 1893. 1919 1913 1924 Herter, Christian Archibald. 1886 Jackson, James. Resigned 1896. 1900 Fessenden, Franklin Goodridge. Gray, Morris, Jr. Gray, Ralph Weld. Higginson, Henry Lee. Hon. 1915 James, Alexander Robertson. 1912 Non-res. Died 1931. 1884 Now non-res. 1884 1911 Field, Whitcomb. Gray, Reginald. Resigned 1893. 1897. Died 1919. Died 1902 Greeley, Russell Hubbard. Non- Adams Sherman. Hon. 1911 James, Henry Hon. Died 1896 Hill, 1912. 1916. 1932 Finley, John Huston, Jr. Non- res. 1907. 1908. Died 1910. 1901 1899 Hill, Arthur Dehon. 1911 James, Henry, 2nd. Resigned res. Greene, Henry Copley. 1928. 1886 Greenleaf, Edward Hale. Re- 1926 Hoar, Samuel. James, William. Hon. Died 1896 Fiske, Arthur Lyman. Re- signed. Hobart, Richard Bryant. 1906 signed. 1908 Boott. Hodges, Harrison Blake. Non- 1910. 1884 1913 Fitz, Reginald. Greenough, Francis 1891 res. Died. 1908 James, William, Jr. 1884 Fitz, Reginald Heber. Char. Mem. Died 1904. Char. 1922 Griswold, Roger. 1885 Hodges, William Donnison. Re- 1884 Jaques, Eustace. Non-res. 1890. Mem. Died 1913. Died 1920. 1888 Guild, Curtis, Jr. Died 1915. signed 1888. 248 List of Members List of Members 249 1884 Jaques, Herbert. Char. Mem. Died 1916. 1885 Lodge, Henry Cabot. Resigned Meyer, George von Lengerke. 1893 Page, Thomas Nelson. Non-res. 1890. 1913 Died 1918. Died 1922. 1913 Jenkins, MacGregor. Resigned. 1923 1884 Johns, Clayton. Died 1932. Lodge, Henry Cabot, 2nd. 1885 1912 Joy, Benjamin. Now non-res. Loeffler, Charles Martin. 1890 Millet, Josiah Byram. 1910 Paine, Ralph Delahaye. Non- Mills, Charles Elliott. Non-res. res. Died 1925. 1885 Lombard, Warren Plimpton. 1930 1906 Kernochan, Marshall Rutgers. Minott, Joseph Otis. Non-res. 1932 Paine, Richard Cushing. Non-res. Non-res. Resigned. 1902 Died 1909. 1929 Palmer, Franklin Hall. 1888 1921 Kidder, Alfred Vincent. Non- Longfellow, Alexander Wads- Moffat, Donald. 1902 Parker, Herbert. Non-res. Re- worth. Died 1934. 1931 res. Monks, George Howard. Died signed 1933. 1887 1922 Kimball, Day. Resigned 1926. Lovett, Robert Williamson. 1884 1933. 1894 Parker, Horatio William. Non- 1887 Kinnicut, Leonard Parker. Non- Died 1924. Moors, John Farwell. res. Died 1919. 1894 Lowell, Abbott Lawrence. 1911 res. Died 1911. Morize, André. Resigned. 1933 Parker, James, 2nd. 1904 Lowell, Frederic Eldredge. Re- 1919 1895 Kinnicutt, Lincoln Newton. 1891 Morse, Edward Sylvester. Died 1894 Parker, John Harleston. Re- Non-res. Died 1921. signed 1932. signed. 1900 Lowell, Guy. Died 1927. 1925. 1914 Kinnicutt, Roger. Non-res. 1886 Morse, Henry Lee. Died 1929. 1933 Parker, John Harleston, Jr. 1922 1884 Lowell, James Hale. 1885 Lowell, James Russell. Hon. 1914 Morton, James Madison. Non- 1886 Parker, William Lincoln. Died Kip, Charles Hayden. Resigned. 1933 Ladd, William Edwards. 1915. res. 1888 Lamb, Horatio Appleton. Died Died 1891. Muck, Karl. Resigned 1918. 1904 Parker, William Stanley. 1888 Lowell, John Jr. Died 1922. 1912 1926. 1884 1926 Munro, Donald. 1930 Parkman, Francis. Non-res. 1906 Lane, Gardiner Martin. Died Luce, John Dandridge Henley. 1926 Munro, Edward Squibb. Non- 1929 Parkman, Henry, Jr. Char. Mem. Died 1921. res. 1929. 1884 Parsons, Arthur Jeffrey. Char. 1914. 1893 Luce, Matthew. 1887 Munro, John Cummings. Died Mem. Died 1915. 1919 Lang, Malcolm. 1892 1884 Lund, Fred Bates. Langmaid, Samuel Wood. Char. 1902 Patten, William Samuel. Died 1903 Lyman, Henry. Died 1934. 1910. Mem. Died 1915. 1900 Lyman, Theodore. Resigned 1884 Munzig, George Chickering. 1927. 1932 Lanman, Thomas Hinckley. Char. Mem. Died 1908. 1917 Peabody, Francis Weld. Died 1886 Lassiter, Francis Rives. C 1903. Murchie, Guy. Resigned 1933. 1927. Re- 1884 McCollum, John 1899 Hildreth. Neilson, William Allan. Non- 1888 Peabody, John Endicott. Re- signed 1888. 1932 Laughlin, Henry Alexander. Char. Mem. Died 1915. 1921 signed 1899. 1916 res. 1893 Lavallé, John. Non-res. Re- McCoy, Frank Ross. Non-res. 1894 Nevin, Ethelbert. Died 1901. 1887 Perkins, Edward Cranch. Re- Resigned. 1885 Nickerson, George Augustus. signed 1907. signed. 1910 1884 Lee, Elliot Cabot. Char. Mem. Maclaurin, Richard Cockburn. Died 1901. 1910 Perkins, John Forbes. Died 1920. Nikisch, Arthur. Resigned 1893. 1931 Perkins, Thomas Nelson. Hon. Died 1920. 1922 MacLeish, Archibald. Resigned 1890 1884 Lee, Francis Wilson. Char. 1885 Norton, Charles Eliot. Hon. 1905 Perry, Bliss. 1930. Mem. Died 1923. Died 1908. 1896 Perry, Edward Wright. Later 1893 1888 Lee, Henry. Hon. Mem. Died McLennan, John Stewart. Non- 1904 Olmstead, Frederic Law. Re- non-res. Resigned. res. 1903. 1899. signed. 1915 Perry, Lewis. Non-res. 1927 1916 Lee, Roger Irving. Marquand, John Phillips. 1889 1884 Olney, Richard. Resigned. 1905 Peters, Andrew James. 1884 Mason, Marion Otis. Non-res. O'Reilly, John Boyle. Resigned. 1888 Peters, Edward Gould. Re- Lee, Thomas. Resigned 1885. 1884 Lincoln, Merrick. Died 1890. 1914 Non-res. Osborne, Maurice Machado. signed 1889. 1902 Mason, Philip Dana. Died 1927 Died 1923. 1904 Osborne, Thomas Mott. Non- 1920 Phillips, John Charles. 1900 Lincoln, Waldo. Non-res. Re- 1907. res. Died 1926. 1913 Phillips, William. Now non-res. 1931 Matthiessen, Francis Otto. Re- signed 1932. 1884 Osgood, James Ripley. Resigned. 1923 Pickman, Edward Motley. 1884 Linzee, signed 1932. John Torrey. Char. 1902 Mauran, John Lawrence. Non- 1885 Otis, Harrison Gray. Resigned 1901 Pier, Arthur Stanwood. Now non-res. Mem. Resigned 1891. 1886. 1922 Little, Clarence Cook. Non-res. res. Died 1933. 1922 Otis, James. 1928 Pitman, Theodore Baldwin. 1884 Mercer, William Resigned 1933. Robert, Jr. Otis, William Sigourney. Died 1890 Plummer, Charles Warner. Resigned. 1891 Non-res. Resigned 1897. 1920 Little, James Lovell. Resigned 1930 Merrick, 1893. John Vaughan. Non- 1932. 1895 Paderewski, Ignace Jan. Hon. 1933 Pollock, Harry Evelyn Dorr. res. 1914 Page, Arthur Wilson. Non-res. Non-res. 250 List of Members List of Members 251 1920 Pool, Eugene Hillhouse. Non- 1892 Saint Gaudens, Augustus. Non- Thayer, William Roscoe. Died 1884 Sprague, Henry Harrison. Char. 1909 res. Resigned 1931. 1884 Porter, Benjamin Curtis. Char. res. Hon. 1904 Died 1907. Mem. Died 1920. 1923. 1884 Sampson, Charles Edward. 1884 Stedman, George. Char. Mem. 1892 Thiebault, Eugene. Non-res. Mem. Non-res. 1893. Died Char. Mem. Now non-res. Resigned 1886. Resigned. 1908. 1894 Santayana, George. Resigned. 1906 Stephens, Henry Morse. Non- 1894 Thomas, Douglas Hamilton, Jr. 1898 Potter, Austin. Resigned. 1897 Sargent, Charles Sprague. Re- res. Died 1919. Died 1915. 1926 Powel, Harford Willing Hare, signed. 1931 Stillman, Chauncey Devereux. 1887 Thomas, John Babson. Non- Jr. Now non-res. res. Active 1896. Resigned. 1919 Sargent, Daniel. Non-res. 1894 Pratt, Bela Lyon. Died 1917. 1890 Sargent, John Singer. Non-res. Prince, Frederick Octavius. Re- 1891 Stimson, Frederic Jesup. Re- 1930 Thompson, Leslie Prince. 1884 Hon. 1904. Died 1925. 1894 Thompson, Lewis Sabin. Re- signed C 1911. signed 1888. 1884 1887 Sargent, Joseph, Jr. Died Prince, Morton. Char. Mem. 1892 Storer, Bellamy. Non-res. Re- signed. 1910. signed. 1890 Thorndike, Paul. Died 1929. Samuel 1928 Sargent, Lucius Manlius. Re- 1884 Story, John Patten. Non-res. 1885 Thorndike, Lothrop. 1900 Pritchett, Henry Smith. Now signed 1931. Resigned 1886. Died 1911. non-res. 1888 Sargent, Sullivan Armory. 1931 Proctor, Robert. 1923 Stratton, Samuel Wesley. Died 1920 Thorndike, William Tecumseh 1884 Sears, Sherman. Resigned 1931. Joshua 1895 Putnam, Herbert. Montgomery. 1931. Non-res. Char. Mem. Died 1906. Strong, Richard Pearson. 1884 Tilden, George Horton. Char. 1901. Resigned. 1915 1910 Sedgwick, Ellery. 1885 Stuart, Charles U. Resigned Mem. Non-res. 1893. Died 1884 Quincy, Henry Parker. Char. 1931 Sedgwick, Henry Dwight. 1886. 1910. Mem. Died 1899. 1934 Sedgwick, William Ellery. Non- 1896 Sturgis, Charles Russell. Died 1884 Torroja, Joachin Maria. Re- 1895 Renshaw, Alfred Howard. Non- res. signed 1886. 1909. res. Resigned. 1904 1884 Sturgis, Charles William. Char. 1912 Trask, William Ropes. Died 1891 Reynolds, Edward. Sewell, Frederick E. Resigned. 1886 Shattuck, Frederick Cheever. Mem. Died 1913. 1933. 1928 Reynolds, George Phillips. Tucker, Lawrence. Resigned Died 1929. 1884 Sturgis, Francis Shaw. Char. 1885 1933 Rhinelander, Philip Hamilton. 1887 Shattuck, George Brune. Re- Mem. Died 1922. 1886. 1903 Rhodes, James Ford. Hon. signed. 1890 Sturgis, Richard Clipston. 1904 Tweed, Charles Harrison. Non- 1917. Died 1927. 1930 Shattuck, George Cheever. 1916 Sullivan, James Amory. Now res. Died 1917. 1904 Rice, Alexander Hamilton. Now 1932 Shattuck, Henry Lee. 1884 Upham, George Baxter. Char. non-res. non-res. 1891 Richards Shaw, Henry Russell. Resigned 1884 Sullivan, Thomas Russell. Char. Mem. 1921 Theodore William. Mem. Died 1916. 1901 Vaughan, Henry Goodwin. C 1904. Hon. Died 1928. 1884 Shepley, George Foster. Re- 1885 Sumner, Allen Melancthon. 1884 Vinton, Frederic Porter. Char. 1884 Richardson, William Lambert. Mem. Died 1911. signed. Died 1901. Char. Mem. Died 1932. 1884 Sherman, Horace Vinton. Re- 1928 Sutton, Harry, Jr. Resigned 1907 Wadsworth, Eliot. 1932 Ricketson, Oliver Garrison, Jr. 1884 Wadsworth, Oliver Fairfield. signed. 1931. Non-res. 1915 Shurcliff, Arthur Asahel. Swift, Frederick. Non-res. Re- Died 1911. 1890 Ritter, Louis. Resigned. 1884 1922 Sills, Kenneth Charles Morton. signed 1890. 1891 Wadsworth, Oliver Fairfield, Jr. 1886 Robinson, Edward. Non-res. Non-res. 1884 Swift, Henry Walton. Char. Resigned. 1906. Died 1931. 1921 Sims, William Sowden. Hon. Mem. Resigned 1888. 1910 Wadsworth, Philip. 1922 Rock, John. 1888 Slater, William Albert. Non- 1919 Tallack, John Francis. Now 1911 Wadsworth, Richard Goodwin. 1885 Rogers, Henry Munroe. res. Resigned. Resigned 1932. non-res. 1884 Rotch, Arthur. Char. Mem. 1900 Slocum, William Frederick. Non- 1892 Tarbell, Edmund Charles. 1893 Wadsworth, William Austin. Died 1894. res. Died 1934. 1884 Tarbell, George Grosvenor. Re- Non-res. Died 1918. 1889 Russell, Averly Claude Holmes. 1890 Smith, Francis Hopkinson. signed. 1884 Wainwright, Henry. Died C 1904. Non-res. Resigned. Non-res. Died 1915. Taylor, Henry Osborn. Non- 1887 Walker, Charles Howard. 1896 Russell, William Eustis. Died 1917 1903 Smith, Jeremiah, Jr. res. Resigned 1932. 1923 Walker, Charles Rumford. Now 1896. 1892 Smith, Joseph Lindon. non-res. Now 1927 Terry, Lawrence. 1919 Russell, William Eustis, Jr. non-res. 1924 Thayer, Edward Carrington. 1884 Walker, Henry Oliver. Non- Died 1932. 1928 Spencer, Theodore. 1930 Thayer, William Greenough. res. 1889. Died 1929. 252 List of Members 1885 Ware, Arthur Lowell. Resigned. 1912 1913 Ware, Gordon. Died 1920. Whiting, Jasper. 1887 1884 Warner, Charles Dudley. Hon. Whitman, Royal. Char. Mem. OFFICERS OF THE CLUB Died 1900. Resigned 1890. Warner, Langdon. 1922 1909 Whitney, Edward Allen. 1886 1902 Warren, Edward Ross. Whitney, Henry Austin. Died 1884 Warren, Joseph Weatherhead. 1889. 1931 Whitney, Hugh. PRESIDENTS Resigned 1892. 1888 1902 Warren, Samuel Dennis. Died Whitridge, Roland Barker. William Dean Howells, 1884-1887 1910. Non-res. 1903. Resigned 1907. 1885 Warren, William. Whittier, Charles Albert. Re- Henry Lee, 1888-1889 1884 Resigned Charles Eliot Norton, 1890-1898 1888. signed 1888. Henry Lee Higginson, 1899-1919 1884 1920 Watson, Francis Wiggins, Charles, 2nd. Sedgwick. 1922 Wiggins, John Gregory. Non- Barrett Wendell, 1920-1921 Char. Mem. Bliss Perry, 1921-1928 1909 res. Weed, Arthur Henry. Died 1931. Williams, Gluyas. Frederick Cheever Shattuck 1928-1929 1929 1926 Owen Wister 1929- 1918 Weed, Charles Frederick. Willis, Harold Buckley. 1886 1884 Weld, William Fletcher. Char. Winch, William Johnson. Died Mem. Died 1893. 1919. 1916 1932 Wells, Edgar Huidekoper. Non- Winship, Lawrence Leathe. VICE PRESIDENTS 1884 Wister, Owen. res. Resigned. Char. Mem. 1892 Wells, Stiles Gannett. 1893 Wolcott, Henry Roger. Non- Charles Eliot Norton, 1886-1889 Died 1907. res. Died 1921. Thomas Russell Sullivan, 1886-1908 1893 1909 Wendel, Theodore. Died 1932. Wood, Leonard. Hon. Died Henry Munroe Rogers, 1887-1900 1887 Wendell, Barrett. Died 1921. 1928. Martin Brimmer, 1890-1896 1893 1884 Wendell, Jacob, Jr. Non-res. Wright, Frederick Eleazer. Re- Henry Lee Higginson, 1896-1898 Died 1911. signed 1886. Oliver Wendell Holmes, 1898-1902 1895 Wharton, Edward 1917 Young, Benjamin Loring. Adams Sherman Hill, 1900-1906 Robbins. 1924 Non-res. Resigned. Young, Owen D. Non-res. Henry Pickering Bowditch, 1902-1907 1884 1914 Zantzinger, Clarence. Non-res. Abbott Lawrence Lowell, 1906-1908 Wheelwright, John Tyler. Char. 1885 Mem. Resigned. Zerrahn, Franz Eduard. Died Arlo Bates, 1908-1911 1928. James Ford Rhodes, 1909-1910 1924 White, James Clarke. 1925 Zinsser, Hans. John Bapst Blake, 1910-1911 Robert Grant, 1911-1914 Edward Hickling Bradford, 1912-1914 Elected in week before Semi-Centennial William Roscoe Thayer, 1914-1915 1934 Bacon, Leonard. Non-res. Francis Sedgwick Watson, 1914-1915 1934 1934 French, Stanley Goodwin. Fuess, Claude Moore. Non-res. Frederick Cheever Shattuck, 1916-1918 1934 Kittredge, Henry Crocker. Philip Hale, 1916-1928 Non-res. Barrett Wendell, 1919-1920 Edward Reynolds, 1920-1921 Holker Abbott, 1922-1923 Edward Reynolds, 1924-1928 Christian A. Herter, 1929-1930 Benjamin Loring Young, 1929-1933 William Cameron Forbes, 1930-1931 Philip Hale, 1931-1934 George Russell Agassiz, 1933- Lewis Perry, 1934- September 14 1206 I shall march in the para de with the Tavern Club on and y Holder Saturday, May 27th. in Bear feet I suppose. 9000 Taren bye Signed loseph Lindon Smith. DEAR OLD BEAR OF COURSE I WILL HELP ON YOUR HALLOWEEN PARTY FARE WELL DEAR 0.0 BEAR J.LS NOV 21 1914 shall come to the Friday, April 7th. 95 MOUNT VERNIN STREET BOSTON APRIL 30TH.MIS Signed y HERE LIES KER QUEEN TII FAMOUS QUEEN OF EGYPT XVIII DYNASTY 2 DEAR JIMMIE I shall come to the Hallowe'en dinner on Thursday, October 29 THIS POOR 3030-BEAR CAN'T COME TO THE NARRENABEND Signed JOJOWILLCOME APRIL 5 JOJO WAS iN IT. RESPONSES AND GREETINGS FROM JOSEPH LINDON SMITH 260 Chronology of Tavern Club Events Chronology of Tavern Club Events 261 February 19 March 12 Doctors' Dinner: 'A Day with the Specialists' 1905 Orphans' Dinner March 31 Narrenabend: Auction of Shields: 'Harpin & Co.' January 20 Billiard Dinner April 25 April 28 Musicians' Night Dinner in honor of C. W. Eliot, J. C. Warren and H. P. Bowditch February 14 St. Valentine's Dinner March 15 Dinner in honor of Booker T. Washington May 5 Annual Meeting March 31 Narrenabend and 'The Men of Gad's Hill': Dickens Revival May 15 Special Meeting: Question of enlarging Club House April 24 Tavern Club Symphony Concert June 3 August II Fête Champêtre, at the Hoosic-Whisick Club May I Annual Meeting Fête Maritime, off Marblehead June I Business Meeting October 30 Hallowe'en: Pony Raffle: Dinner in honor of Crown Prince of Siam June 2 Baseball Game with St. Botolph Club November 14 Dinner in honor of Chief Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes June 9 Fête Champêtre (Augustus Hemenway, host) December 22 Christmas Feast: 'R.L.S.' by A. S. Pier November 14 Informal Dinner and Talk: 'An Egyptian Tomb,' by Joseph Lindon Coming of Age of the Bear and 'The Carnival of Crime,' by T. R. Sul- Smith; 'The Philippines,' by W. Cameron Forbes 1903 December I January 10 January 20 Twelfth Night Supper (an act of 'Twelfth Night,' Shakespeare) livan and J. L. Smith Dinner before Artists' Festival December 23 Funeral Services for Richard Hodgson February 5 February 24 Dinner in honor of John Singer Sargent 1906 March 14 Literary Dinner: "Mercedes," by T. B. Aldrich January 19 Dinner in honor of Gov. Curtis Guild March 27 Supper in honor of Dr. Wilfred Grenfell January 31 'The Pipe of Desire,' by G. E. Barton and F. S. Converse April 14 Dinner in honor of Maj. Gen. Leonard Wood April 20 Narrenabend: 'The Mercedes of the West,' by A. S. Pier February 14 St. Valentine's Day and 'Tom Thumb the Great' Musical Evening: Gericke March 2 Dinner in honor of Edward Robinson May 4 Annual Meeting March 71 Mystery Play: Ames, Greeley and Johns May 28 Pop Concert March 9) June 2 Dinner in honor of Collier's Weekly, and 'Town Tropics vs. Jolliers,' October 6 Baseball Game with St. Botolph Club March 23 December 4 Fête Champêtre (Augustus Hemenway, host) April 3 Narrenabend and 'The Tribulations of Bec Bac,' by W. Cameron by A. S. Pier Hallowe'en Dinner December 22 Forbes December 3I New Year's Eve Supper Christmas Dinner: 'The Vanished Bride,' by Henry Copley Greene April 6 Luncheon in honor of Robert Loraine April 26 Luncheon in honor of H. G. Wells 1904 April 30 Dinner in honor of Wilhelm Gericke January 15 Dinner in honor of Owen Wister: 'We Bostonians,' by Barrett Wendell May 7 Annual Meeting February 3 Baseball Game with St. Botolph Club Dinner in honor of 'Perrier Jouet' June 12 February 25 Fête Maritime: Gerfalcon and Gundred (Upham and Vaughan, hosts) Musical Dinner June 20 March 24 Narrenabend: Old Home Week, 'The Chivalrous Doctor,' by A. S. Pier October 29 Hallowe'en and Minstrel Show April 27 Musical Evening: Gericke November 2 Dinner in honor of Henry Arthur Jones May 2 Christmas Dinner: 'The Three Wishes' and 'The Need of Men,' by Annual Meeting December 21 May 26 G. E. Barton Farewell Dinner in honor of W. Cameron Forbes: 'Buzzard Gold,' by T. R. Sullivan and J. L. Smith December 31 New Year's Supper June 21 Baseball Game with St. Botolph Club 1907 August 23 September 21 October 12 Fête Champêtre (Arthur Cabot, host) Fête Maritime: Gerfalcon (George Upham, host) from Marblehead January 18 Dinner in honor of Winston Churchill Informal Luncheon in honor of Prof. Barrett Wendell January 25 Supper in honor of Forbes Robinson November I January 28 Artists' Festival Dinner November II Dinner in honor of Rt. Hon. James Bryce February 9 Yale Dinner in honor of President Hadley Twentieth Anniversary of the Tavern Club: Concert: 'Bear and For- bear,' by M. A. DeW. Howe; 'Lord Ullin's Daughter' March 8 Naturalists' Dinner in honor of Ernest Harold Baynes December 23 March 15 Dinner in honor of Dr. Karl Muck December 31 Christmas Dinner: 'Wild Animals We Have Known,' by F.S. Sturgis Narrenabend: Lawyers' Night. 'A Meeting of the Boston Bar Associ- New Year's Supper April 8 ation To/Ox is Darre A Needer LIST OF THE Jage OFFICERS AND MEMBERS OF THE & Tabern Club (ao BOSTON: PRINTED FOR Che Cabern Club MCMXXXII OFFICERS OF if The Tabern Club 1932 President OWEN WISTER Vice-Presidents PHILIP HALE B. LORING YOUNG Secretary JAMES LINCOLN HUNTINGTON Treasurer HENRY GOODWIN VAUGHAN Directors SAMUEL CABOT ROBERT CUTLER FREDERICK DEANE DONALD MUNRO EDWARD CARRINGTON THAYER GEORGE BAXTER UPHAM JASPER WHITING I Gift of Arthory Girbandez 86 Z.HI Ucust. Officers LIST OF MEMBERS Elections Committee OF GEORGE P. DENNY The Tabern Club SAMUEL HOAR THEODORE B. PITMAN MAY, 1932 CHANNING FROTHINGHAM HENRY LYMAN Resident Members JOHN ROCK 1931. Timothée Adamowski CHANDLER BIGELOW 1916. George Russell Agassiz J. RANDOLPH BURKE 1922. William T. Aldrich F. MURRAY FORBES, SR. 1932. Philip R. Allen House Committee 1902. Walter Channing Bailey J. RANDOLPH BURKE 1893. Franklin Greene Balch MAURICE M. OSBORNE 1915. Thomas Barbour LESLIE P. THOMPSON 1892. Frank Weston Benson 1929. Chandler Bigelow Librarian 1924. Edward L. Bigelow PHILIP HALE 1910. Gerald Blake 1902. John Bapst Blake Chairman Pool Committee 1896. Dwight Blaney DWIGHT BLANEY 1912. Thomas Spriggs Blumer 1922. William Bradley Breed Club House 1901. George Washington Wales No. 4 BOYLSTON PLACE Brewster 2 3 Sep 31 1939 421960 Gift The Tavern Club List of Members 1922. Henry Howard Brooks 1922. Robert Cutler 1930. J. Randolph Burke 1922. Richard Ely Danielson 1928. Charles C. Cabot 1884. Francis Henry Davenport 1907. Samuel Cabot 1926. Frederick Deane 1922. Arthur Graham Carey 1919. George Parkman Denny 1928. George Peters Chittenden 1930. William H. Claflin, Jr. 1925. George Harold Edgell 1899. Walter John Clemson 1921. William Emerson 1920. Stanley Cobb 1910. William Crowninshield Endi- 1922. Charles Russell Codman cott 1899. John Sturgis Codman 1919. Richard Conover Evarts 1929. Henry F. Colt 1899. Frederick Shepherd Converse 1921. Gordon Fairchild 1922. Charles Allerton Coolidge, Jr. 1908. John Wells Farley 1931. Harold J. Coolidge, Jr. 1932. John Huston Finley, Jr. 1890. John Templeman Coolidge 1913. Reginald Fitz 1912. John Templeman Coolidge, Jr. 1907. Arthur Foote 1925. T. Jefferson Coolidge 1918. Allan Forbes 1915. Charles Townsend Copeland 1918. Francis Murray Forbes 1896. Charles Kimball Cummings 1932. Francis Murray Forbes, Jr. 1925. Charles Pelham Curtis 1899. William Cameron Forbes 1919. Charles Pelham Curtis, Jr. 1923. Maurice Fremont-Smith 1922. Richard Carey Curtis 1913. Channing Frothingham 1912. Harvey Cushing 1920. Robert Hale Ives Gammell 1884. Hayward Warren Cushing 1911. George Peabody Gardner, Jr. 4 5 The Tavern Club List of Members 1906. Wallace Goodrich 1885. Charles Martin Loeffler 1913. Morris Gray, Jr. 1888. Alexander Wadsworth Long- 1912. Ralph Weld Gray fellow 1901. Henry Copley Greene 1894. Abbott Lawrence Lowell 1922. Roger Griswold 1922. James H. Lowell 1893. Matthew Luce 1912. Philip Hale 1892. Fred Bates Lund 1920. Joseph R. Hamlen 1903. Henry Lyman 1924. Lawrence Hemenway 1919. Andrew H. Hepburn 1927. John P. Marquand 1924. Christian A. Herter 1931. Francis O. Matthiessen 1899. Arthur Dehon Hill 1931. Donald Moffat 1926. Samuel Hoar 1884. George Howard Monks 1908. Richard Bayard Hobart 1911. John Farwell Moors 1897. Charles Sidney Hopkinson 1926. Donald Munro 1893. Mark Antony DeWolfe Howe 1927. Maurice M. Osborne 1918. Llewellyn Howland 1922. James Otis 1920. Edward Arthur Hubbard 1921. James Lincoln Huntington 1932. Richard C. Paine 1908. William James 1929. Franklin H. Palmer 1904. William Stanley Parker 1919. Malcolm Lang 1929. Henry Parkman, Jr. 1932. Thomas H. Lanman 1910. John Forbes Perkins 1916. Roger I. Lee 1905. Bliss Perry 1920. James Lovell Little 1905. Andrew James Peters 6 7 The Tavern Club List of Members 1920. John Charles Phillips 1930. William Greenough Thayer 1913. William Phillips 1930. Leslie P. Thompson 1923. Edward M. Pickman 1890. Paul Thorndike 1928. Theodore B. Pitman 1912. William Ropes Trask 1926. Harford W. H. Powel, Jr. 1931. Robert Proctor 1884. George Baxter Upham 1901. Henry Goodwin Vaughan 1891. Edward Reynolds 1928. George P. Reynolds 1907. Eliot Wadsworth 1884. William Lambert Richardson 1910. Philip Wadsworth 1922. John Rock 1911. Richard Goodwin Wadsworth 1885. Henry Munroe Rogers 1887. Charles Howard Walker 1909. Langdon Warner 1919. Daniel Sargent 1902. Edward Ross Warren 1908. Sullivan A. Sargent 1918. Charles Frederick Weed 1910. Ellery Sedgwick 1924. James C. White 1931. Henry Dwight Sedgwick 1913. Jasper Whiting 1930. George Cheever Shattuck 1922. Edward Allen Whitney 1915. Arthur A. Shurcliff 1931. Hugh Whitney 1903. Jeremiah Smith, Jr. 1920. Charles Wiggins, 2d 1928. Theodore Spencer 1929. Gluyas Williams 1915. Richard Pearson Strong 1926. Harold B. Willis 1890. Richard Clipston Sturgis 1884. Owen Wister 1927. Lawrence Terry 1917. Benjamin Loring Young 1924. Edward Carrington Thayer 1925. Hans Zinsser 8 9 The Tavern Club List of Members Non-Resident Members 1926. Theodore W. Chanler, Cam- 1922. Adelbert Ames, Jr., Hanover, bridge, Massachusetts New Hampshire 1925. Chanler Chapman, New York 1896. Winthrop Ames, New York City City 1909. John Jay Chapman, New York 1894. Robert W. Atkinson, Brookline, City Massachusetts 1923. Gerald Chittenden, Concord, New Hampshire 1884. Francis Henry Bacon, Boston, 1926. Boughton Cobb, New York Massachusetts City 1887. Gorham Bacon, Yarmouthport, 1931. Robert C. Cobb, Littleton, Massachusetts Massachusetts 1894. Wilder Dwight Bancroft, 1908. Frederic Codman Cobb, Ithaca, New York Gloucester, Massachusetts 1911. Robert Perkins Bass, Peter- 1906. James Freeman Curtis, New boro, New Hampshire York City 1900. Gordon Knox Bell, New York City 1904. George Bucknam Dorr, Bar 1906. Lewis Sherrill Bigelow, North Harbor, Maine Andover, Massachusetts 1908. Arthur Fairbanks, Hanover, 1923. W. Sprague Brooks, Orleans, Massachusetts New Hampshire 1907. Charles Stewart Forbes, Paris, 1928. John Nicholas Brown, Provi- France dence, Rhode Island 1896. Francis Henry Balfour Byrne, 1902. Russell H. Greeley, Grasse, New York City France 10 II The Tavern Club List of Members 1909. John Hays Hammond, New 1922. Clarence Cook Little, Bar York City Harbor, Maine 1930. Edward S. Harkness, New 1923. Henry Cabot Lodge, Beverly York City Farms, Massachusetts 1927. Barklie McKee Henry, New York City 1893. John Stewart McLennan, Ot- 1925. Ernest Martin Hopkins, Hano- tawa, Canada ver, New Hampshire 1902. John Lawrence Mauran, St. 1917. Wallis Eastbourne Howe, Prov- Louis, Missouri idence, Rhode Island 1930. J. Vaughan Merrick, 3d, New- port, Rhode Island 1915. Alexander Robertson James, 1890. Josiah Byram Millet, New Dublin, New Hampshire York City 1912. Benjamin Joy, Paris, France 1930. Charles E. Mills, Dedham, Massachusetts 1906. Marshall Rutgers Kernochan, 1914. James Madison Morton, Jr., Tuxedo Park, New York Fall River, Massachusetts 1922. Alfred Vincent Kidder, Ando- 1926. Edward S. Munro, New York ver, Massachusetts City 1914. Roger Kinnicutt, Worcester, 1899. Guy Murchie, New York City Massachusetts 1921. William Allan Neilson, North- 1900. Waldo Lincoln, Worcester, ampton, Massachusetts Massachusetts 1904. Frederick Eldridge Lowell, 1914. Arthur Wilson Page, New Concord, Massachusetts York City 12 13 The Tavern Club List of Members 1902. Herbert Parker, Lancaster, 1919. John Francis Tallack, New Massachusetts York City 1930. Francis Parkman, Southboro, 1893. Edmund C. Tarbell, Ports- Massachusetts mouth, New Hampshire 1915. Lewis Perry, Exeter, New Hampshire 1923. Charles R. Walker, New York 1901. Arthur Stanwood Pier, Con- City cord, New Hampshire 1884. Francis Sedgwick Watson, South Dartmouth, Massachu- 1904. Alexander Hamilton Rice, New setts York City 1893. Theodore Wendel, Ipswich, Massachusetts 1922. J. Gregory Wiggins, Pomfret, 1884. Charles Edward Sampson, Connecticut New York City 1922. Kenneth Charles Morton Sills, 1924. Owen D. Young, New York Brunswick, Maine City 1900. William Frederick Slocum, Newton Center, Massachu- 1914. Clarence Clark Zantzinger, setts Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 1892. Joseph Lindon Smith, New York City 1931. Chauncey Devereux Stillman, Honorary Members New York City 1897. Thomas Bailey Aldrich: 1907 1916. James Amory Sullivan, Asolo, 1884. Henry Pickering Bowditch: 1911 Veneto, Italy 1902. LeBaron Russell Briggs 14 15 The Tavern Club List of Members 1885. Martin Brimmer: 1896 Charter Members 1928. Richard E. Byrd Timothée Adamowski 1904. Charles William Eliot: 1926 Robert Day Andrews 1884. Wilhelm Gericke: 1925 William Payne Blake 1884. Henry Lee Higginson: 1919 William Norton Bullard 1896. Adams Sherman Hill: 1910 Edward Burnett 1889. Oliver Wendell Holmes: 1894 Sigourney Butler 1894. Oliver Wendell Holmes Frederic Crowninshield 1884. William Dean Howells: 1920 Elbridge Gerry Cutler 1911. Henry James: 1916 Arthur Edward Davis 1906. William James: 1910 Edward Kellogg Dunham Henry Strong Durand 1888. Henry Lee: 1889 Thomas Carey Felton 1885. James Russell Lowell: 1891 Reginald Heber Fitz 1885. Charles Eliot Norton: 1908 James Goldthwaite Freeman 1895. Ignace Jan Paderewski Ignaz Marcel Gaugengigl 1931. Thomas Nelson Perkins Francis Boott Greenough 1903. James Ford Rhodes: 1927 George Griswold Hayward 1921. Theodore W. Richards: 1928 William Dean Howells Clyde Du Vernet Hunt 1890. John Singer Sargent: 1925 Herbert Jaques 1920. William S. Sims Samuel Wood Langmaid 1903. Augustus St. Gaudens: 1908 Elliot Cabot Lee 1887. Charles Dudley Warner: 1900 Francis Wilson Lee 1909. Leonard Wood: 1928 John Torrey Linzee 16 17 The Tavern Club John Dandridge Henley Luce John Hildreth McCollum George Chickering Munzig Arthur Jeffrey Parsons Benjamin Curtis Porter Morton Prince Henry Parker Quincy William Lambert Richardson Arthur Rotch Charles Edward Sampson Joshua Montgomery Sears Henry Harrison Sprague Printed, with decorations drawn by F. G. George Stedman ; Attwood, from designs of D.B. Updike, Charles Wilkins Sturgis at the press of Geo. H. Ellis Francis Shaw Sturgis Co. (Inc.), Boston, Thomas Russell Sullivan May thirty-first Henry Walton Swift MCMXXXII George Horton Tilden George Baxter Upham Frederic Porter Vinton Francis Sedgwick Watson William Fletcher Weld John Tyler Wheelwright Royal Whitman Owen Wister 18 X The Tavern Club at One Hundred 1959-1984 0 EDITED BY CHARLES B. EVERITT 113068 G. ERIC JONES LIBRARY ATLANTIC UNION COLLEGE SO. LANCASTER, MA. 01561 MCMLXXXIV Copyright © 1984, by The Tavern Club All rights reserved. Table of Contents The One Hundreth Anniversary of the Tavern Club Foreword PRESIDENT PAUL C. Manufactured in the United States of America REARDON vii First Printing Designed by David Ford In Taberna DAVID T.W. MCCORD ix The Presidential Range M.A. DEWOLFE HOWE I I Tavern Plays and Playwrights: A Backward CHARLES G.K. Glance WARNER 7 II Music at the Tavern HUGH SHEPLEY 31 III The Neighborhood of the Tavern Club JOHN T. GALVIN 34 IV Presidents I I lave Known DAN SARGENT 46 V Friday Lunch GEORGE HOMANS 53 HS 2725 VI Of Deans and Dons JOHN FINLEY 58 BV VII Schoolmasters in the Tavern FRANCIS PARKMAN 7 ' T3 1984 vi Contents VIII Taverners in the Bush GORDON WILLEY 80 IX Doctor in the House ? DAVID CROCKETT 98 Foreword X Tavern Club Art and Artists ROLLIN VAN N. in the First Century HADLEY 103 1984 finds the Tavern in its usual jolly mood. For here it is, 100 years old, sailing serenely on its way, with a boatload of XI Taverners in Politics contented passengers, all cagerly facing a second century of FRANCIS W. "comfort and joy." If Orwell's Big Brother were to display HATCH, JR. 120 his dismal appearance in Boylston Place this year, he would XII Taverners on Deck be promptly clapped into a comic role in some upcoming PHILIP S. WELD 125 production on the stage at No. 4. Samuel Johnson outdid all subsequent lexicographers in XIII Poetry at the Tavern SELECTED BY defining "club" as an "assembly of good fellows meeting under PIERRE A. certain conditions." Since 1884, a painstaking Elections Com- DUHAMEL 144 mittee has eased the road to membership in the Tavern of many "good fellows." A succession of officers has respected XIV The Tavern Between Hard the "conditions" which the club founders had in mind. Covers: A Centennial LLEWELLYN Mark A. DeWolfe Howe after two years of individual effort Bibliography HOWLAND III 161 described the club's first half century in a volume which was published in 1934. On the Tavern's 75th birthday, Ted Weeks XV Tavern Memorials to SELECTED BY PAUL edited a "medley" of contributions from Taverners on aspects Celebrated Friends BROOKS of club life, using vignettes about individual members, COV- 178 ering the period from 1934 to 1959. All good Taverners Chronology of Tavern Club should read these two publications to appreciate in full what Events, 1959-1984 258 a heritage is ours. Now an industrious committee, led by John Taylor, has Officers and Members of the brought together in this Centennial Year a collection of essays Tavern Club, May I, 1984 on the Tavern and the accomplishments of its members, 271 bringing us up to date. These accounts speak for themselves. But do they not portray the fidelity of the club's "Johnson- The Contributors 286 ian Conditions" described by Lewis Perry when he spoke of Centennial Book Committee 287 The Neighborbood 35 Street. "Bright, active-minded and energetic," refined and cultured, interested in the arts, literature and science, they The Neighborbood were far from being of the "dangerous classes" Mayor Palmer alluded to, but banded together together because of their of the Tavern Club artistic tastes. "It occurred to some of them after a time that I it might be possible and agreeable to form a small club, to JOHN T. GALVIN which congenial persons might be admitted, where they could dine regularly in company, and where they could have full control of the arrangements," one of them recalled later. On July I, 1884, the young men hired rooms at I Park In 1883, Chester A. Arthur was in the White House. Ben- Square, at the easterly corner of Boylston Street, beneath the jamin F. Butler was Governor of Massachusetts. The state's studio of artist Frederick Porter Vinton, and over the grocery two U.S. Senators were Henry Laurens Dawes of Pittsfield store of F. C. Lord and Company. On July 25, 1884, they and George Frisbie Hoar of Worcester. All were Republicans, held their first meeting in the club rooms "to effect an orga- except Butler, a sometime Republican candidate, elected as a nization." The name "Tavern Club" was suggested by Dr. Democrat. Albert Palmer (Republican) of Roxbury, a native Royal Whitman. "The Tavern Club was organized by a group of Candia, New Hampshire, graduate of Dartmouth College, of painters, writers, musicians, doctors, and other good com- a former teacher at Boston Latin School, and treasurer of the pany with [William Dean I Howells as our first president," Jamaica Pond Ice Company, was serving his single one-year wrote Owen Wister (Tavern President, 1929-1935). "Henry term as Mayor of Boston. Irving was our first guest of honor. He came to supper after In his Inaugural Address, Mayor Palmer had spoken of the play and stayed until six the next morning. I sang him a Boston as "in many respects, the model municipality of the lot of songs, and went down at nine to my hard high stool, continent. In a time of great public blessings," Palmer con- at 40 State Street [Union Safe Deposit Vaults] with quite a tinued, "when the mercies of Providence are being dispensed head." Three years later, when their "somewhat ramshackle to us with a bountiful hand, let us not esteem it the least of building" was slated for demolition, the Tavern Club moved them that we are a metropolis that has no 'dangerous classes' around the corner to Number 4 Boylston Place, not far from of any considerable strength, and needs not, as do some of the Boston Public Library, which was then on Boylston the cities of older civilizations, to lie in terror and rise up in Street. "This quiet cul-de-sac" was lined on both sides with dread of its own inhabitants." houses, three of which, like the one purchased by the Tavern It was at this time that several young men, "unmarried and Club, had been constructed about 1819 by one Beza Tucker. without definite homes where they took their meals," began The others had been built during a South End building boom meeting often at a restaurant on Church Street called the in 1855. Carrollton, and, later, at an Italian restaurant on Boylston The Tavern Club bought the house next door to it in 1909. 70 The Tavern at One Hundred in Tavern literary history, as does now the gifted Rodney VII Armstrong. Professor Fritz Robinson's Celtic likewise passes to the Schoolmasters in the Tavern glad-hearted Charles W. Dunn, long the lively Master of Quincy House. If sociology sounds solemn, it too turns joy- FRANCIS PARKMAN ous in George C. Homans, font of companionship and con- tinually surprising information. Whether Robert G. Gardner Schoolmasters and perhaps especially headmasters are a no- whose cinema brilliantly records Indonesian, African, Ethi- ticeably large group in the Tavern's total membership. Why opian, and Indian life is a sociologist, an anthropologist or an do they join it SO cagerly, if they have the chance? artist may be doubtful; he is all three but chiefly an artist. One might ask, to start with, why does a school man want The Professor of International Relations Daniel S. Cheever to become a headmaster? One who looks back on a term of happily returns from Pittsburgh to Boston University, his headmastering during the pre-war years and compares the oceanic concerns converging toward those of his early boss, task then with that of modern times is bound to realize that the master of the subject (as of much else) Elliot L. Richardson it was simpler in the earlier days than now. The schools and increasingly now of Former Governor Sargent. Professor needed more capital then (they always do) but raising it in Roger Prouty widely expounds the related subject of British those depression days was virtually impossible. The modern Constitutional History at the Boston branch of the University headmaster has concerns, in addition to fund-raising, that of Massachusetts. Many of these fields joined in Samuel Eliot were missing in the '30s. To name a few, he must be alert to Morison, stylist, linguist, world traveler in peace and war, the drug problem and ready to cope with the issues raised by acute portrayer of past and present societies and of their the almost universal rush to coeducation. He has to have history-changing leaders, an historian of Parkman's dimension visible and functioning lines of communication to and from framed by Dana's and Melville's seas, a writer not destined faculty and students in matters of policy and discipline. He for oblivion. The too rare pleasure of his company through must be certain that school policies and actions in admissions his full years shines on. of students and engaging faculty and staff satisfy legal re- quirements against discrimination and his own conscience and that of the community. And finally, if he has to dismiss a student for poor work or bad behavior, or fire a poor teacher, he had better be sure that the individual's rights are protected by proper legal procedure, or he may risk finding himself and the school defendants in a lawsuit. So the question remains: why do headmasters like to be Taverners? I offer this theory. In spite of all the developments 72 The Tavern at One Hundred Schoolmasters 73 making headmastering more difficult and less appealing these days, the school head is still a powerful figure. Those who deal with him-teachers, students and parents-recognize his power, and he can't help sensing their attitude. It all works to make him feel pretty important. I remember a talk by Dr. Drury of St. Paul's at a long-ago meeting of the Headmasters Association, warning his hearers of the dangers of getting to feel that they are God. If the headmaster is intelligent enough to have been made a headmaster, he will realize (consciously or unconsciously or with help from his wife) that it is dan- gerous for him to spend all his time in an atmosphere where he is generally regarded as god-like. Therefore he is happy to belong to a club whose members are oriented to matters intellectual as he is, but where he will be treated on his own merits just like everybody else and where certainly no one will regard him as god-like. He can also enjoy meeting other headmasters in this atmosphere, and thus frequently learn, what is balm to every schoolhead, that other schools and other heads have the same kind of troubles as those that are both- ering him. William G. Saltonstall Whatever the reasons that schoolmasters feel comfortable at the Tavern, the Tavern has always welcomed them as members. Twenty-five years ago, in 1959, nineteen members had been or were or were about to be headmasters. In 1983 there were almost exactly the same number. The earlier list was headed by Lewis Perry, the President of the Club as well as Principal at Exeter. Other heads were the equally legendary Frank Boyden of Deerfield; the headmaster of Andover, suc- cessor to Jack Fuess who received his 25-year medal that year; the heads of a number of other New England schools as close by as Noble and Greenough and Roxbury Latin, and as far away as Miss Porter's School in Connecticut and St. George's Bliss Perry in Rhode Island. The list was rounded out by the head of 74 The Tavern at One Hundred Schoolmasters 75 the Hill School in Pennsylvania and that of Fountain Valley make noontime absences practically impossible. Thus a school in Colorado (where Lewis Perry's son was head). The schools teacher, asked if he'd like to be proposed for the Tavern, often referred to as the St. Grottlesex group were well rep- understandably must in most cases regretfully decline. resented. Looking at the list in 1983 we find that of the nineteen Equally appreciated at the club were seven school men, not school heads in 1959, nine have gone to a better world, but heads. This shorter list started with Arthur Stanwood Pier, of the remaining ten all but one are still members of the Club; a member since 1901 who in a long segment of his distin- two have become fifty-year medalists and a third is close to guished career taught at St. Paul's School. The much loved that distinction. Several other school heads have come and Wells Kerr, after years as dean at Exeter, retired to spend gone as members within the quarter-century under review: more years teaching in Colorado. Gerry Chittenden, long- Charlie Sheerin, Dave Wicks, Jerry Pich and Kim Smith. time teacher at St. Paul's, was a member since 1923; and Johnny Hallowell retired headmaster of Western Reserve Craig Wylie, who had been a St. Paul's School teacher turned Academy in Ohio, came back and resumed teaching at the later to book publishing. Belmont Hill School and was a Taverner for several years To make eight, I include Dave McCord, who, though never before he died. a member of a school faculty, has probably taught more Several new names on the list are heads of schools not children in more classrooms than most school heads have ever previously represented by a member; several schools whose faced. And I also count Cary Potter, who after several years heads were members in 1959 are missing, but in more than of teaching at Roxbury Latin moved to the National Associ- one case the head who was a member in 1959 has been ation of Independent Schools, of which he later became the succeeded by a new head, who himself has been made a president, a post whose holder is consultant and adviser to member. But let no one think that there is any school whose the school heads, boards of trustees and other school officials head is a sure bet for membership. I remember an occasion of the hundreds of schools of all sorts and sizes in its mem- when my own nomination of a headmaster was almost re- bership. In that capacity he served for fourteen years. jected because I had pointed out to the great disapproval of Why are the classroom teachers, pure and simple, SO out- the Committee on Elections, that the man's two predecessors numbered by men at the top? The Tavern membership rolls as head of that particular school had been members of the include many college and university presidents, but probably Tavern. as many or more from university teaching faculties. The How does one evaluate the contribution any member makes relative shortage of school teachers can hardly be attributed to the Tavern and its life? And what can be said of the school to the Club's Committee on Elections; more likely we can men's contributions? Lewis Perry tells us that the best Tav- look for the reason to the nature of the school teacher's life, erners are those who are like no one elsc. The only thing that not to mention his proverbially low financial rewards. In a can be said with certainty of this group of school members is boarding school, dormitory duties and other scheduled chores that every one of them would like to feel that he has at least make evenings out a rarity, and classroom responsibilities a few of the other qualities of good members that are scattered 160 The Tavern at One Hundred Christmas Poem XIV We circle our sun with an atmosphere Amoebas can breathe The Tavern And SO can we And though it gets cold Between Hard Covers: This time of year The sun in the grain Still brings good cheer A Centennial Bibliography And the grape in the bottle Is bright and clear LLEWELLYN I1OWLAND 111 And snug on our planet Are we; So stopple your bottle of aerosol, In the Tavern Club there are three libraries. The first is the Throttle down the gas, west-facing chamber we are pleased to call our sanctum, on the tumbled shelves of which stand none too many books in It's a fragile craft we live upon none too fine condition. I Ierc we speak often enough of books, And we're going a bit too fast; but read them seldom and write them not at all. It's a lovely rock in empty space And we'd like to make it last; The second library (which could exist in fact, but does not) A precious ship in a shining sea is that ursine archive where every book ever written by a Of burning stars in a galaxy Taverner is collected in the first state of its first printing, in And ours is the only place to be; pristine dust jacket (if called for), complete with an apposite Then fill your glass with the gentle wine author's inscription, the whole contained within a full po- And one to another be ye kind lished black calf folding case, onlaid with green morocco (bear And to the earth be kind also. rampant), gilt, as bound by Zaehnsdorf, Douglas Cockerell, Cobden-Sanderson, or Marius-Michel. Thomas Boylston Adams And the third library? This is the fantastical palace of 1977 words that houses not merely every book, pamphlet, jape or jest ever uttered by a Taverner, but every such a Taverner might have committed-or may yet. This is where a century of Taverners are gathered in person: old friends forever young in the fellowship of the Bear. In the first Tavern library, and in the third, each of us is welcome, each at home. But the second library is, I suspect, unknown territory for many of us. At least it was to me, until 162 The Tavern at One Hundred Between Hardcovers 103 Howe. Oliver Wendell Holmes, John Jay Chapman, Barrett I started exploring its card file. Only slowly have I begun to Wendell, Frederick Pickering Cabot, and Henry Lee Higgin- understand the importance of it. For the fact is we Taverners spend more time writing books or editing them than we do son were among Howe's Tavern marks. A Partial (and not reading books about books. The Tavern a club of odd vol- impartial) Semi-Centennial History of the Tavern Club, 1884-193 is another testament to the care and affection Howe lavished umes? Never! Ours is a gathering of complete works. Our first president, William Dean Howells, set the all on his friends at Boylston Place. important example. When he was not managing The Atlantic Perhaps the most intimate portrait of a Taverner in print Monthly or Cosmopolitan (this was before the time of Helen was provided by our late and former member George San- Gurley Brown), serving as U.S. consul in Venice, or presid- tayana in The Last Puritan. Both Santayana and the putative model for Oliver Alden in The Last Puritan subsequently wrote ing at the Tavern, he was writing. Between 1860 and his death in 1919, Howells added over 100 titles to the Bibliog- about the character of Oliver, denying that Oliver had any rapby of American Literature, thus becoming our first literary real-life counterpart. Nor does the slightest scandal attach to Centuriator. Santayana's brilliant portrait of his doomed hero. Still, it Another of our heavy hitters was Henry James. It was caused consternation in some quarters. When, only two years James' misfortune to have been elected to the Tavern only later, in 1937, our late member John P. Marquand published late in life, when the weight of his prose matched the gravity The Late George Apley, more than one in our midst took the of his reputation. A few more years at Boylston Place, and whole thing very personally. we might have got him writing The Return Of The Screw or Of course, anyone can write a book, and many do. Getting Daisy Miller Meets Tootsie for our Narrenabends. In 1981 a it published is more complicated. From the first, editors and copy of James' Works, New York, 1907-1917, 26 volumes, publishers have been ubiquitous in our midst. That these fetched $4,400 at Sotheby Parke Bernet. It was one of 156 publishers have also often been writers is simply a reflection numbered sets, bound in full morocco gilt. There was no bear of the creative spirit that burns at the hearth in all three Tavern libraries. on the binding. Henry James looms large in the Tavern's literary history Nor have our publishers been averse to the exercise of a not simply, or even primarily, because he was an honorary certain benign and bearlike nepotism. In this The Atlantic has member of the Club with a clubman's ample waistcoat. My been the chief practitioner: Howells, Aldrich, Bliss Perry, research suggests that he is also the American writer most Ellery Sedgwick, Ted Weeks and Bob Manning topped the frequently written about by succeeding generations of Tavern masthead for 95 of The Atlantic's most recent 115 years, and Richard Danielson used to own the magazine (as he owned literary historians and critics. The tradition of Taverners writing about Taverners is a the splendid monthly The Sportsman, which was edited by Christian A. Herter and contributed to by many another very striking one, as well as somewhat hazardous to assay in such a piece as this. Certainly no member of the Tavern Tavern member). But Houghton Mifflin's record for nepotism observed the tradition more faithfully than Mark A. DeWolfe hasn't been too bad either: Henry Laughlin, Paul Brooks, 164 The Tavern at One Hundred Between Hardcovers 165 Craig Wylie, and Dick McAdoo represented the Tavern's over to Yale some-George Pierce Baker was one such-of ascendency at 2 Park Street for fully fifty years. The Tavern our own best. It was Archibald MacLeish who, perhaps in- authors whom The Atlantic Monthly Press chose not to pub- spired by his Harvard legal education, wrote that Boylston lish, Houghton Mifflin generally did. Sometimes (Sam Mor- Place was "a flight of climbing stairs with acropolis at the end ison is a fine example) they shared a Taverner between them. of it." Up these steps have climbed a pantheon of Elis, in- Why Little, Brown was for SO long SO conspicuously missing cluding (but not limited to) Lefty Lewis, F. (). Matthiessen from the Tavern rolls-and SO briefly represented on them- and Archie himself. At the Tavern Yale deities assumed a is an intriguing question, for which I have no publishable mortal dimension and were known to take a glass or two of answer. Nor is there any truth to the rumor that the Tavern vin ordinaire. And SO do they still. Club is a wholly owned subsidiary of Affiliated Publications, No, the influence of Harvard on the Tavern, though per- Inc. vasive, is also incidental. We live with it as we live with One Tavern adjunct has practiced nepotism in an altogether Boston's weather, having little occasion to live without it. shameless manner, supplying us with authors, editors, librar- Besides, the Harvard connection of many a Tavern member ians, savants and sages in an endless variety of trim sizes and is solely through the Tavern. William Dean Howells was but binding styles, all of them crimson. It is a great temptation the first of a distinguished line of Taverners who matriculated to follow various of the lines of intellectual descent from our from no college whatsoever. largely Harvard-educated Founding Fathers and First Sons: Studying the card files of Widener Library and the BPL, as for example from Charles Norton to Barrett Wendell to I have struggled to impose some logic on this short-form Alan Heimert; or from Reginald Heber Fitz (and before him Tavern bibliography, to seek out that one book (or body of Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes) to Myles Baker or Franny work) that might help characterize its author in relation to Moore; from Charles William Eliot to Wilder Bancroft to the Tavern. It can't be done. James Bryant Conant. In virtually all the professions and arts, For every Tavern author who fits a category, there are two something of a Harvard-Tavern dynasty has been estab- who fit none. We are a club of lawyers who wrote their lished. Yet such genealogical excursions are really beside the greatest briefs in verse. We are a club of poets whose finest point. Better that we ask what our dynasts were doing when lines have been cast into some faraway trout stream. We are they weren't busy contributing to the Tavern bibliography. a club of anglers whose most memorable catches were the The answer to this question could hardly be more simple: authors we edited or published. We are a club of publishers they repaired to Boylston Place for an evening of levitation. who galleys are a Shipmate stove and whose proofs are So do they still. watertight Sou' westers. For every Taverner who professes, The relative paucity of hardcover (or even paperbound) there is a Taverner who professes not to. For every Taverner Yale men at the Tavern is no great loss. For we have always who earns his livelihood on State Street, there is a Taverner had the best of Yale (just as the best of Yale generally manages who is a minister of state. to acquire a Harvard graduate degree). We have even given This being the case (and even if it were not), I hope that 166 The Tavern at One Hundred Bibliography 167 the list that follows may insire others to compile their own with John Dewey. Edited by Hadley Cantril. New Brunswick, centennial bibliographies of our much-loved club. I hope the N.J., 1960. list will inspire Taverners to help fill the many egregious gaps Bacon, Gaspar Griswold. The Constitution of the United States in some in the library at Boylston Place, as well as in their own. I of its fundamental aspects. Cambridge, 1928. hope, finally, that you will forgive me my bibliographical Bacon, Leonard. Rhyme and punishment. New York, (1936). DAB lapses and idiosyncracies, as I forgive you the vast forests that Supp. 5-29. you have caused to be felled in your zeal to be bound between Baker, George Pierce. Dramatic Technique. Boston and New York, 1919. DAB Supp. 1-45. hardcovers. Bancroft, Wilder Dwight. Applied colloid chemistry: general theory. New York, 1921. DAB Supp. 5-36. Bates, Arlo. Pattie's perversities. Boston, 1881. DAB II-45. Wright 389. Bibliographies are lichens on the walls of learning: harmless Baxter, James Phinney, 3rd. Scientists against time. Boston, 1946. scales of green and gold that give booksellers pleasure. I Pulitzer Prize, 1947. 'mention seven standard bibliographies in the following com- Baynes, Ernest Harold. Wild bird guests: how to entertain them. New pilation. These are Whitman Bennett's A practical guide to York, 1915. American nineteenth century color plate books (1800-1900), New Belknap, Waldron Phoenix, Jr. The discoveries of concerning the York, 1949; Jacob Blanck's Peter Parley to Penrod, New York, influence of the English mezzotint on Colonial painting. Cambridge, 1961; Jacob Blanck et al, Bibliography of American literature 1955. [BAL], New Haven and London, 1955- ; Dictionary of Amer- Bentinck-Smith, William. Building a great library: the Coolidge years at Harvard Cambridge, 1976. ican biography [DAB], New York, various editions; Wright Bigelow, William Sturgis. Buddhism and immortality. Boston, 1908. Howes' US-iana (1650-1950) [Howes], second edition, New DAB II-261. York, 1962; Leslie T. Morton's A medical bibliography (Garrison Blake, John Bapst. See Burrell, H. L. and Morton) [G-M], fourth edition, (Aldershot, 1983); and Bowditch, Henry Pickering. The growth of children. Boston, 1877. Lyle H. Wright's American fiction [Wright], second edi- DAB II-494. tion, San Marino, 1969. Bowditch, Vincent Yardley. Life and correspondence of Henry T. Bow- ditch. Boston and New York, 1902. Two volumes. Adams, Thomas Boylston. A new nation. Chester, Conn., 1981. Bradford, Edward Hickling. Treatise on orthopaedic surgery. New Agassiz, George Russell (editor). Letters of Colonel Theodore Lyman York, 1890. DAB II-556. G-M 4353. from the Wilderness to Appomatox. Selected and edited by Bos- Briggs, LeBaron Russell. School, college, and character. Boston and ton, 1922. New York, 1901. DAB Supp. 1-119. Aldrich, Thomas Bailey. The story of a bad boy. Boston, 1870. DAB Brock, Horace. Flying the oceans: a pilot's story Lunenburg, Vt., I-158. BAL 269. Peter Parley to Penrod, p. 35. 1978. Ames, Adelbert, Jr. The morning notes of including correspondence Brooks, Paul. Roadless area. New York, 1964. 168 The Tavern at One Hundred Bibliography 169 Brown, Herbert Ross. The sentimental novel in America, 1789-1860. Duhamel, P. Albert. After strange fruit. Changing Literary taste in Durham, N.C., 1940. post-World War II Boston. Boston, 1980. Burrell, Herbert Leslie. Case teaching in surgery. Boston, 1904. John Dunn, Charles W. Highland Settler. Toronto, 1956. Bapst Blake was joint author. Eliot, Charles William. Annual reports of the President of Harvard Bullard, William Norton. The relation of tea drinking to disorders of the University. Cambridge, 1869-1909. DAB VI-71 Also, editor, The nervous system. [Boston, 1887.] Harvard Classics, New York (1909-26). 52 volumes. Byrd, Richard Evelyn. Discovery. The story of the Second Byrd Antarctic Enders, John Franklin (editor). Journal of Immunology. Boston, 1942- Expedition. New York, 1935- DAB Supp. 6-91. 1958. Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology, 1954. Carey, Arthur Astor. New nerves for old Boston, 1914 Endicott, William Crowninshield. Memoir of Samuel Endicott: with a Chafee, Zachariah, Jr. Freedom of speech. Cambridge, 1920. DAB genealogy Boston, 1924. DAB VI-158 Supp. 6-105. Farnsworth, Dana Lyda. Mental health in college and university. Cam- Chamberlain, Samuel. Etched in sunlight. Fifty years in the graphic bridge, 1957. arts. Boston, 1968. Fenollosa, Ernest Francisco. Epochs of Chinese and Japanese art. Lon- Chapman, John Jay. William Lloyd Garrison. New York, 1913. DAB don, 1911. Two volumes. DAB VI-325. Supp. 1-168. Ferris, Theodore Parker. The image of God. New York, 1965. Churchill, Winston. Richard Carvel. New York and London, 1899. Finley, John Huston, Jr. Thucydides. Cambridge, 1947. DAB Supp. 4-163. Wright 1044. Fitz, Reginald Heber. Perforating inflammation of the vermiform appen- Cobb, Stanley. Borderlands of psychiatry Cambridge, 1948. dix; with special reference to its early diagnosis and treatment. [Phila- Compton, Karl Taylor. Five atomic bombs and the future. Birmingham, delphia, 1886] DAB VI-433. Ala., 1959. DAB Supp. 5-125. Fletcher, Horace. Fletcherism: what it is; or how I became young at Conant, James Bryant. The chemistry of organic compounds. New York, sixty. New York, (1913). DAB VI-464. Forbes, Alexander. Quest for a Northern air route. Foreword by Samuel 1933. Copeland, Charles T. (editor). The Copeland reader: an anthology Eliot Morison. Cambridge, 1953. New York and London, 1926. DAB Supp. 5-13. Forbes, Allan. Sport in Norfolk County. With a chapter on polo by Croly, Herbert D. The promise of American life. New York, 1909. W. Cameron Forbes and a preface by Henry Goodwin DAB Supp. 1-209. Vaughan. Boston, 1938. Crowninshield, Frederic. Mural painting. Boston, 1887. DAB IV- Forbes, Elliot (editor). Life of Beethoven, by Alexander Wheelock 578. Thayer. Boston, 1968. Curtis, Charles Pelham. Lions under the throne: a study in the Supreme Forbes, W. Cameron. The Philippine Islands. Boston and New York, Court Boston, 1947. DAB Supp. 6-142. 1928. Two volumes. DAB Supp. 6-210. Cushing, Harvey. The life of Sir William Osler. Oxford, 1925. Two Fuess, Claude Moore. Daniel Webster. Boston, 1930. Two volumes. volumes. DAB Supp. 2-137. Pulitzer Prize in biography, 1926. Galvin, John T. Twelve mayors of Boston, 1900-1970. (Boston, 1970). Cutler, Robert. Louisburg Square. New York, 1917. Gammell, Robert Hale Ives. Dennis Miller Bunker. New York, 1953. Dahl, Francis. W. Dabl's Boston. Boston, 1946. Gardner, George Peabody. Ready about. New York, 1959. Dow, Sterling. Prytaneis: the decrees honoring the Athenian councillors. Gay, Frederic Lewis. A descriptive catalogue of colonial books at Athens, 1937. the Jamestown Tercentennial Exposition. Jamestown, 1907. 170 The Tavern at One Hundred Bibliography 171 Grant, Robert. Jack Hall; or the schooldays of an American boy. Boston, centennial of the Tavern Club, 1884-1934). [Boston], 1934. (M. 1888. DAB. Supp. 2-257. Peter Parley to Penrod, p. 87. A. de Wolfe Howe wrote or edited biographies or selected works Gray, Morris. The city's voice. Boston, [1923]. of the following Taverners: F. P. Cabot, J. J. Chapman, II. D. Grew, Joseph Clark. Turbulent era: a diplomatic career of forty years Higginson, O. W. Holmes (Jr.), James Russell Lowell, Charles Boston, 1952. Two volumes. Eliot Norton, James Ford Rhodes, and Barrett Wendell. For his Gummere, Richard Mott. The American colonial mind and the classical life of Wendell he received the Pulitzer Prize in Biography, 1924. tradition. Cambridge, 1963. Howells, William Dean. The rise of Silas Lapham. Boston, 1885. DAB Hadley, Rollin van N. Drawings Isabella Stewart Gardner IX-306. BAL 9619. Wright 2829. Museum. Boston, 1968. Howells, William White. Mankind in the making; the story of human Hale, Philip. Boston Symphony programme notes 1901- evolution. New York, 1959. Edited by Lawrence Gilman. Garden City, 1935. DAB Supp. Howland, Llewellyn. The middle road. South Dartmouth, (1961). 370. Howland, Llewellyn, III, (editor). A book for Boston. Picture editor, Hammond, John Hays. The autobiography of New York, (1935). Isabelle Storey. Boston, (1980). I Two volumes. DAB Supp. 2-275. Hurlbut, Byron Satterlee (editor). Defoe's History of the great plague. Hammond, Mason. The city in the ancient world Cambridge, Boston and London, 1895. 1972. James, Henry. Novels and tales. New York, 1907-1917. 26 volumes. Hayes, Bartlett Harding, Jr. American drawings. New York, (1965). DAB IX-579. BAL 10528-10749. Wright 2909-2937. Heimert, Alan. Religion and the American mind; from the Great Awak- James, Henry, II. Charles W. Eliot. President of Harvard University, ening to the Revolution. Cambridge, 1966. 1869-1909. Boston, 1930. Two volumes. Pulitzer Prize in Biog- Henderson, Lawrence Joseph. The fitness of the environment. New rapby, 1931. York, 1913. DAB Supp. 3-351. James, William. The varieties of religious experience. New York, 1902. Herter, Christian Archibald. Toward an Atlantic Community. New DAB IX-590. York, (1963). Janeway, Michael. See, Manning, Robert J. Hodgson, Richard (editor). Myers, F. W. H. Human personality and Jenkins, MacGregor. Emily Dickinson. Boston, 1939. its survival of bodily death. New York, 1903. Two volumes. Johns, Clayton. The reminiscences of a musician. Cambridge, 1929. Hofer, Philip. Baroque book illustration. A short survey Cam- DAB Supp. 1-451. bridge, 1951. Kennedy, John Fitzgerald. Profiles in courage. New York, 1956. Pu- Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Sr. The contagiousness of puerperal fever. litzer Prize in History, 1956. [Boston], 1843. (Subsequently reissued as Puerperal fever, as a private Kenny, Herbert A. Literary Dublin: a history New York, (1974). pestilence. Boston, 1855.) DAB IX-169. Currier, p. 33. G-M 6274 Kidder, Alfred Vincent. Introduction to Southwestern archacology. New (6276). Haven, 1924. Howes K-121. Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Jr. The common law. Boston, 1881. DAB Kinnicut, Leonard Parker (joint author). Sewage disposal. New York, Supp. 1-417. 1910. DAB X-418. Homans, George Caspar. The human group. New York, 1950. Kinnicut, Lincoln Newton. To your dog and mine. Boston, 1915. Hopper, Bruce C. Pan-Sovietism. Boston, 1931. Kittredge, Henry Crocker. Cape Cod, its people and their history. Bos- Howe, Mark Antony de Wolfe. A partial (and not impartial) semi- ton and New York, 1930. 172 The Tavern at One Hundred Bibliography 173 Lally, Francis J. The Catholic Church in a changing America. Boston, Manning, Robert J. Who we are. An Atlantic Chronicle. Boston, 1962. (1969). Michael Janeway was joint author. Lewis, (Joseph) Anthony. Gideon's trumpet. New York, (1964). Marquand, John Phillips. The late George Apley. Boston, 1937. DAB Lewis, Wilmarth Sheldon (co-editor). The Yale edition of Horace Wal- Supp. 6-427. Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, 1938. pole's correspondence. New Haven, 1937-19 Matthiessen, Francis Otto. American renaissance. Art and expression Lincoln, Waldo. Genealogy of the Waldo family. Boston, 1902. Two in the age of Emerson and Whitman. London and New York, volumes. (1941). DAB Supp. 4-559. Lippmann, Walter. A preface to morals. New York, 1929. Lippman Mendenhall, Thomas C. A short history of rowing in America. Boston, was awarded a Pulitzer Prize Special Citation in 1957, a Pulitzer 1980. Prize, 1962. Meyer, Cord, Jr. Peace or anarchy. Boston, 1947. Lodge, Henry Cabot, Jr. As it was: an insider's view. New York, Minot, George R. The development of liver therapy in pernicious anemia. 1976. [Stockholm, 1934 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine, 1934. Lowell, Abbott Lawrence. The government of England. New York, G-M 3140. Joint author was William P. Murphy. 1908. DAB Supp. 3-468. Moffat, Alexander White. The galley guide. A purely humanitarian Lowell, Guy. Smaller Italian villas and gardens. New York, 1916. work. New York, 1928. DAB XI-457. Moffat, Donald. The Mott family in France. Boston, 1937. Lowell, James Russell. Works. Cambridge, 1904. 16 volumes. DAB Moore, Francis D., Jr. The metabolic care of the surgical patient. Phil- XI-458. BAL 13035-13256. (Lowell's The Biglow papers, Cam- adelphia, 1959. bridge, 1848, is listed in the Grolier Club catalogue One hundred Morison, Samuel Eliot. History of United States naval operations in books famous in English literature, 1902.) World War II. Boston, 1947-62. 15 volumes. (Morison was Lyman, Henry. Successful bluefishing. Camden, Maine, (1974). awarded the Pulitzer Prize in Biography in 1943 and again in Lyman, Charles. Hibernaton and torpor in mammals and birds. New 1960). York, 1982. Morse, Edward Sylvester. Japanese homes and their surroundings. Bos- McAleer, John. Rex Stout: a biography. Boston, 1977. ton, 1886. DAB XIII-242. McCord, David Thompson Watson. One at a time. Boston, (1977). Murchie, Guy. The spirit of place in Keats. London, (1955). What cheer; an anthology of humorous verse, gathered Murdock, Kenneth B. Literature and theology in Colonial New England. and with an introduction by New York, (1945). Cambridge, 1949. In sight of Sever: essays from Harvard. Cambridge, 1963. Murray, Henry Alexander, Jr. Explorations in personality: a clinical McFarland, Ross Armstrong. Human factors in air transportation: and experimental study New York, 1938. occupational health and safety. New York and London, 1953. Norton, Charles Eliot. Notes of travel and study in Italy. Boston, 1860. MacLaurin, Richard Cockburn. On the nature and evidence to title of DAB XIII-569. reality. New York, 1901. DAB XII-119. Oliver, Andrew. Portraits of John and Abigail Adams. Cambridge, MacLeish, Archibald. Collected poems. Boston, 1932-1977. Pulitzer 1967. Prize in poetry, 1932, 1953. Bollingen Prize in poetry, 1953. Oliver, Peter. A new chronicle of "The compleat angler." New York, (MacLeish was awarded a Pulitzer Prize in drama for his verse 1936. play J. B., Boston, 1959.) O'Reilly, John Boyle (joint author). The king's men: a tale of to-morrow. 174 The Tavern at One Hundred Bibliography 175 New York, 1884. Robert Grant was a joint author. DAB XIV- Richardson, William Lambert. Address on the duties and conduct of 53. Wright 2236. nurses in private nursing. Boston, 1886. DAB XV-578. Osborne, Thomas Mott. Within prison walls; being a narrative of Richardson, Wyman. The house on Nauset Marsh. New York, (1955). personal experience. New York and London, 1914 DAB XIV- Robinson, Fred N. (editor and translator). Irish lives of Guy of War- 75. wick and Bevis of Hampton. Paderewski, Ignace Jan. The Paderewski memoirs. New York, 1938. Rock, John Charles. The time has come: a Catholic doctor's proposals to With Mary Lawton. end the battle over birth control. With a foreword by Christian A. Page, Thomas Nelson. The old South. New York, 1891. DAB XIV- Herter, New York, 1963. 141. Rogers, Henry Munroe. Memories of ninety years. Boston, 1928. Paine, Ralph Delahaye. Roads of adventure. Boston, 1922. DAB XIV- Saltonstall, Leverett. Salty: recollections as told to Edward A. 154. Weeks. Boston, 1976. Perera, Guido Rinaldo. Leaves from my book of life. Boston, 1974- Saltonstall, William G. Lewis Perry of Exeter: a gentle memoir. New 1977. Three volumes. York, 1980. Perera, Ronald Christopher (co-editor). The development and practice Santayana, George. The works of Triton edition. New York, i of electronic music. Englewood Cliffs, 1975 With Jon H. Appleton. 1936-1940. 15 volumes. DAB Supp. 5-601. Perry, Bliss. And gladly teach. Boston, 1935 DAB Supp. 5-541. Sargent, Charles Sprague. Manual of the trees of North America. Bos- Phillips, John Charles. A natural history of the ducks With plates ton, 1905. DAB XVI-354. by Frank W. Benson Boston and New York, 1922-1923. Sargent, Daniel. Sir Thomas More. New York, 1933. Two volumes. Sedgwick, Ellery. The happy profession. Boston, 1946. DAB Supp. 6- Phillips, William. Ventures in diplomacy. Boston, (1953). 571. Pier, Arthur Stanwood. The story of Harvard. Boston, 1913. Sedgwick, Henry Dwight. Horace. Cambridge, 1947. Pollack, Harry Evelyn Dorr. Round structures of aboriginal Middle Shattuck, George Cheever. Diseases of the tropics. Cambridge, 1950. America. New York, 1936. Sims, William Sowden. The victory at sea Garden City, 1920. Prince, Morton. Dissociation of a personality. New York, 1905. In collaboration with Burton K. Hendricks. DAB XV-230. Sissman, L. E. Dying: an introduction. Boston, 1968. Prouty, Roger W. The transformation of the Board of Trade, 1830- Smith, Francis Hopkinson. Colonel Carter of Cartersville Boston 1855. London, 1957. Rosa Lewis Medal, 1958. and New York, 1891. DAB XVII-265. Wright 5013. (See Whitman Rathbone, Perry T. The Forsyth Wickes Collection. Greenwich, (1968). Bennett, p. 98, for description of Smith's Venice of to-day, New York, Rhinelander, Philip H. Is man incomprehensible to man? Stanford, 1895.) 1973. Spencer, Theodore. Shakespeare and the nature of man. New York, Rhodes, James Ford. History of the Civil War. New York, 1917. 1942. DAB XV-531. Pulitzer Prize in History, 1918. Sprague, Henry Harrison. Women under the law of Massachusetts. Richards, Theodore William. Experimentelle Untersuchungen über Boston, 1884. Atomgewichte, 1887-1908. Hamburg, 1909. DAB XV-556. Stephens, Henry Morse. History of the French Revolution. New York, Richardson, Elliot L. The creative balance: government, politics, and the 1886, 1891. Two volumes. DAB XVII-578. individual in America's third century. New York, 1976. Sullivan, Thomas Russell. Passages from the journal of 1891 1903. Boston and New York, 1917. 176 The Tavern at One Hundred Bibliography 177 Taylor, Francis H. A taste of angels. New York, 1948. DAB Supp. Woods, Robert Coldwell. The necessary majority: middle Americans and 6-620. urban crisis. 1972. Thompson, Leslie P. Fishing in New England New York, (1955). Wyzanski, Charles. Whereas-a judge's premises; essays in judgement, Vermeule, Cornelius Clarkson. Roman imperial art in Greece and Asia ethics, and the law. Boston, (1965). Minor. Cambridge, 1968. Zaleznik, Abraham. Human dilemmas of leadership. New York, 1966. Vogt, Evon Z., (co-editor). Prebistoric settlement patterns: essays in Zinsser, Hans. Rats, lice, and history. Boston, 1935. DAB Supp. 2- honor of Gordon R. Willey. Albuquerque. 1983. 744. Warner, Charles Dudley. The complete writings of New York, 1904. 15 volumes. DAB XIX-462. Wright 5790-5793. Warner, Charles G. K. The winegrowers of France and the government since 1875. New York, 1960. Warner, Langdon. The enduring art of Japan. Cambridge, 1952. DAB Supp. 5-729. Ward, John William. Red, white, and blue; men, books, and ideas in American culture. New York, 1969. Weeks, Edward Augustus. My green age. Boston, (1973). Weld, Philip Saltonstall. Moxie: the American challenge. Boston, 1981. Wendell, Barrett. A literary history of America. New York, 1900. DAB XIX-649. Wheelwright, John Tyler. Rollo's journey to Cambridge. Boston, 1880. White, James Clarke (joint author). The autonomic nervous system. 3rd edition. New York, 1952. G-M 1335- White, Nelson, C. Abbott H. Thayer, painter and naturalist. Hartford, 1951. Whitehill, Walter Muir. Boston: a topographical history. Cambridge, 1959. Willey, Gordon Randolph. An introduction to American archaeology. Englewood Cliffs, [1966-1976], 2 vols. Williams, Gluyas. The Gluyas Williams gallery; drawings by New York, (1957). Wilmerding, John. A history of American marine painting. Salem and Boston, - Wister, Owen. The Virginians. New York and London, 1902. DAB Supp. 2-728. Wolff, Robert Lee. Nineteenth-century fiction: a bibliographical catalogue New York, 1981- The Tavern at One Hundred Memorials 215 usually sitting where the compass points northeast. The WILLIAM JAMES IT coffee cup is there beside him, untouched, just as Nick * 1962 * illy put it down, the saucer on top, never underneath. he is saying But you, too, can hear. It was my good luck to know William James intimately for Thomas Adams more than fifty years, but to try to give an impression of the man is very difficult. Probably impossible. He was like no one else I have ever known. A shy person, who had many friends, a brave person who usually knew where he stood and expressed his views, a democratic person who was always discovering some shy writer in New York City. Bill was devoted to his father and mother in a mystical kind of way. He, himself, read very little philosophy, nor did he suffer philosophers gladly, but to some observing person who had been caught by a word, or a phrase or a chapter of what his father had written, he would devote hours. Bill was a good athlete but not a winning one. As bow oar on the Harvard crew he was more interested in why the water hit his oar quicker when he was rowing No. 6 than in the time the shell was making. Bill thought he knew no philosophy, but he lived it-the kind his father believed in. The butler of a very well-known man in New York once took me aside and said: "I have been all over the world in the last twenty-five years but the greatest gentleman I have seen is William James." He was an idealist. He never read a Sunday newspaper. Too many trees were destroyed to create the Sunday edition. And these oppositions were all observed quietly. He hated bigness. Much as he loved Harvard, for his own sake and for his father's sake, his devotion was tempered by the fact that, in his judgment, it was too big. He was a perfectionist. After a portrait which he had done was finished as far as anyone could see, he would put in an extra touch or two, in his judgment ruin it, and then consign 216 The Tavern at One Hundred Memorials 217 it to the waste basket. Like one of his Uncle Henry's heroes, BENJAMIN JOY he was never satisfied, never content. The portrait in our * 1969 * dining room was the exception. It came at the end. He lies in that lovely meadow at Chocorua, near the big Benjamin Joy was a member of the Tavern from 1912-1969. rock, facing the lake. He loved the Tavern for fifty-seven years as one cares for a best friend. Lewis Perry Ben had a sparkle about him, a bubbling sense of humor and a keen sense of fun. Until his eighties, this very human quality never faltered. It was his hallmark, like "Sterling" stamped on real silver. In addition, he was a man of infinite variety. As a Harvard College undergraduate at the turn of the century-despite being quite able if occasion suited to wear a sober, serious demeanor-he raised some notable Hell in secret pranks, as undergraduates in those times used to do for daring and for fun. After graduation, he was by turn engaged in Boston news- paper work and later in commercial banking (at a surprisingly high level for his youth); still later, in investment banking in New York, in foreign banking in Paris; and ultimately as Paris partner of Morgan et Cie on the Place Vendôme until his retirement. During World War II, his service in the Amer- ican Army of Occupation in Germany was recognized by the award of a Distinguished Service Medal. On returning to America in his sixties, he retired to a large wooded estate in Harvard, Massachusetts, commanding an exquisite prospect of distant mounatains; and delighted there to entertain his many friends, to take prodigious walks and to chop prodigious quantities of firewood. Later, in surprise at still being alive and spry, he returned to the area of his forefathers, taking residence at 41 Beacon Street, appropri- ately just below Joy Street, in a spacious apartment with tall windows looking out over the Frog Pond. The return of the new England Quarterly 4542 (1972): BOOK REVIEWS 285 But I think the failure to bring Perkins to life lies elsewhere. The authors have chosen to handle the genuine problem of or- ganizing their material by dividing it in an inflexible chronologi- cal manner. As the continuum flows by, they chop it off and place each resulting piece in a compartmentalized chapter. Of these there are thirty-five. Sometimes the arrangement works well. An episode, inherently insipid or inept, is cut down to natural size- the Hartford Convention is an example. Another time, as in the case of the Nahant sea serpent, the arrangement inflates a piece of antiquarian nonsense. Sometimes a gimmick contrives to serve as a connection between happenings not related: "Perhaps some groundswell of violence sent the tremors of violence from Santo Domingo to the northwest coast of America." Sometimes a chap- ter, in spite of its separateness, has enough life to move-a case in point is the unexpected transformation under necessity of a half- trained youngster, John P. Cushing, nineteen years of age, into the principal resident of the Perkins firm in Canton, a post Cush- ing occupied for a quarter of a century. Still, the volume as a whole remains a collection of episodes. Why in view of the scholarship here displayed, this should be the dominant impression is some- what of a puzzle. Inevitably the question arises whether the fault may not lie in Perkins himself. Although he acquired riches and dispensed them with insight, it may be that he was a dull man, too reserved or too calculating to strike fire. We are all too familiar with the formal occasions when individuals from the Establish- ment have seats at the head table. The curious ask "why?" Perhaps the answer to this question is that this remains a biography of an "eminent" figure. When he rises to respond to a tribute, he really doesn't have much to communicate. Fittingly enough the authors leave Perkins as a man in a posed portrait looking out at the graveyard where he lies buried. EDWARD C. KIRKLAND. John The Collected Works of John Jay Chapman. Edited by Melvin H. Bernstein. (Weston, Massachusetts: M & S Press. 1970. 12 vol- Washer umes. Pp. 4,350. $210.00.) Although John Jay Chapman (1862-1933) was born in New York City and lived in that state for most of his life, he was the grand- from: 286 THE NEW ENGLAND QUARTERLY son of Maria Weston Chapman, Massachusetts abolitionist and colleague of William Lloyd Garrison. Thus he may be considered a kind of "honorary Bostonian," entitled to have this admirable assembly of his writings mentioned in THE NEW ENGLAND QUAR- TERLY. He was, moreover, a member of the Harvard class of 1884. His first wife, Minna Timmins, was a Bostonian. Although they settled in New York City after their marriage in 1889, where Chap- man plunged into local politics in opposition to Tammany Hall, the Tavern Club in Boston, which he joined soon after its founda- tion, remained a haven in crisis. Of it he wrote: "For many years GIDD I have used the Tavern as a nest, a secret habitation, a refuge in times of crisis, tragedy, or fatigue." After the death of his oldest too? son Victor, the first American aviator to be killed in action in World War I, he "stayed at the Tavern for ten days and read Plato's Republic, and in the intervals resorted to the Public Gar- dens and took tours in the Lohengrins. In more recent years," he continued, "when I have had some particularly hard job on hand, something that required an astronomical abstraction of mind varied by the relaxation of familiar faces, cups of tea, pipes of tobacco, and no appointments to keep, I have moved on to Boston and roomed at the Tavern." John Jay Chapman was cast in a unique mold. He was a man of strong opinions, vividly expressed. For want of a better descrip- tion, the Dictionary of American Biography characterized him as "essayist, poet, and 'crusader.'" In a tribute after his death in 1933, Owen Wister wrote: "He wrote seventeen short books. You will have to look for them in secondhand bookshops. The first (so he told his Harvard classmates on their forty-fifth anniversary) sold 1800 copies, the second 1342, the third 811, the fourth 103; after which he stopped counting. His work was very uneven. He was im- patient. Had he taken pains more often, had he buckled down to it always, as he did sometimes-as, for instance, he did when he wrote his essays on Emerson and the Greek Genius-he would have left a shelf unsurpassed in our literature by none of its kind." But whether Chapman buckled down to a subject or not, he in- variably struck sparks and was seldom dull. In 1929 when Chapman was still living, the reprinting of his works was urged in the New Republic by Edmund Wilson. Now more than forty years later it has been accomplished through the BOOK REVIEWS 287 enthusiasm and effort of Melvin H. Bernstein, Professor of En- glish at Alfred University, and the M & S Press. Owen Wister was right when he said that you will have to look for Chapman's works in the secondhand bookstores. He was wrong about their number, for not seventeen but twenty-seven are assembled in this twelve volume edition. They are reproduced in offset with brief introduc- tions by Professor Bernstein, but without the "scholarly appara- tus" and textual criticism that arouses Edmund Wilson's ire in collected editions of earlier American writers. The attempt here is to provide libraries with copies of books that would be uncom- monly hard to assemble in the secondhand market. The first volume is a small folio (9" X 12") to accommodate the 38 issues of Chapman's monthly newspaper The Nursery, later The Political Nursery that he published in New York between March, 1897 and January, 1901. Here too is a brief memoir of the author by his articulate son, Chanler A. Chapman, and a biblio- graphical checklist by David M. Stocking. The other eleven vol- umes are 6" X 9", within which format the books can be readily reproduced. Volume two contains Chapman's two books on poli- tics, Causes and Consequences and Practical Agitation; volume three, criticism and memoirs, reprints Emerson and Other Essays and Memories and Milestones; four and five contain seven volumes of plays and poems, published between 1892 and 1919. The sixth volume, dealing with education, reprints Learning and Other Es- says (1910) and New Horizons in American Life. Chapman's ven- ture in biography, William Lloyd Garrison, occupies volume seven, while volume eight, devoted to World War I, contains his Deutschland Über Alles (1914) and the letters from France of his son Victor. There follow two volumes of Greek studies, essays and translations, one on religion, and one on world literature. This is a remarkable assembly of thoughts on many many sub- jects. Professor Bernstein's introductions, though brief, lead the reader on. As an example, take this paragraph from his introduc- tion to Chapman's Greek studies: "Greek literature is simply too universal to be left to the specialist. Learned introductions to Greek classics had kidnapped Cerberus from the doorways of Hades and placed him at the doorways of learning. Adult mis- education was immortalized in printed 'definitive' texts by Ger- man and English scholars which exhausted the reader before he 288 THE NEW ENGLAND QUARTERLY even got near the text. More, the scholarship was less Greek and more Teutonic or English, more bookish than experience, more forbidding than inviting, more misguided than inspiring. Reading German psychology and philosophy and British esthetic moralism into Greek plays might be good for Germans and Englishmen. But it was bad for Greek literature, and worse for American readers." The M & S Press has rendered a valuable service in collecting Chapman's works and returning them to print. WALTER MUIR WHITEHILL. The Plain People of Boston, 1830-1860: A Study in City Growth. By Peter R. Knights. (New York: Oxford University Press. 1971. the Pp. xiii, 204. $7.95.) The publication of Peter Knights's Plain People of Boston may be a significant event in American historiography. Issued in Ox- ford's "Urban Life in America Series" under the auspices of two deans of the urban history field, Richard Wade and Eric Lampard (who wrote the foreword and afterword, respectively), sponsored in part by the University of Pittsburgh history department, and de- signed to complement the work of Stephan Thernstrom, among others, the book appears as an exemplar of an important stream of quantitative, neo-positivist scholarship. In it Knights sets out to answer static questions that might be described with equal ac- curacy as sociological or historical: Where did people come from; what did they do; where did they live; and when they moved, where did they go? Knights is seeking to present basic demographic data from which historical analysis may proceed. He throws down the gauntlet of what has been called "New Left History" by claim- ing that Boston's antebellum elite "have been studied ad nauseam," and that his book tells the story of the forgotten "plain people." But despite repeated assertions that his study concerns people, it is in fact about censuses and city directories, a series of tabulations and cross-tabulations in which people appear nameless and face- less-only in aggregate, statistical forms. Knights's scholarship has numerous virtues. He is always direct and candid; his prose is clear, uncluttered, and free of the social scientific jargon that sometimes sets historians' teeth on edge. His 6/7/06 In Vol- 11 (pp. 247-248) of The Correspondence of Wm. James WJ will to ma. dele'oeff Home (7/14/06) that he has be freght tears No Howe's memoir of R.Hodgron following his death "A tiver, better, hearteer they could not pooring be written Work head at the Tower Club 6 my 1906 A published I the llb. Roth Have Hodgeon were Towerners.