National Park Service : Superintendent Conferences vers 1911-1941 but not all gatherings 6/19/2015 National Park Service Conferences NATIONAL PARK SERVICE CONFERENCES National Park Service History Collection RG 8 Preliminary inventory A. Provenance This material came from many different sources and occasions. Conferences were held before the establishment of the National Park Service and are a continuing function of the organization. Material will continue to come in. An extremely small amount of material is from "outside" conferences attended by National Park Service personnel, but most is a result of in-house activity. Some of the material was pre-conference in nature produced for study and information while the remainder resulted from the conferences themselves. Most of this material remained in the hands of the conferees, parks, offices that used it and for whom it was intended. Consequently, most of the material came to NPSHC from individuals and parks. B. History As more parks become established, the need for more uniformity and better communication among parks and their management personnel became apparent. To help meet this goal the first National Park Conference was held in Yellowstone in September, 1911. A second followed in 1912 at Yosemite, and a third several years later at the National Park Education Center in Berkeley, Calif. By the time of the establishment of the National Park Service in 1916, a biennial pattern had emerged. With some exceptions, notably the World War II period, this pattern of a biennial meeting of superintendents continued until 1965. Since then, regional meetings have taken place and there have been only two Servicewide meetings - in 1977 and 1988. Meetings will probably continue in one form or another. Meetings of this type are often significant as the scene of development and/or announcement of new National Park Service policies, procedures, thrusts, etc. As the National Park System and Service grew and became more complicated, personnel other than superintendents also discovered a need for a meeting of the minds and a sharing of information at conferences. Interpreters have met since 1929 and the first National Park Serv ice Women's Conference took place in 1979. There have also been many meetings at levels below Servicewide. The National Park Service has also participated in worldwide conferences, some held under NPS auspices. The materials from these world conferences are included in RG 9. C. Summary There are (1986) 15 document boxes, several volumes, and loose material pertaining to NPS conferences. The bulk of the material, 10 document boxes, is in Series I - Biennial Superintendents' Conferences. There is one folder from the special meeting with Director Mott which is included with Document Box R in Series II - Regional Conferences and Spec ial Meetings. A smaller amount, 3 boxes, pertain to Series III - Interpreters' Conferences. Several volumes pertain to Series IV - Resource Management and Scientific Conferences. http://www.nps.gov/hfc/services/library/conf.cfm 1/18 6/19/2015 National Park Service Conferences D. Dispersal The NPS Historic Photograph Collection contains several photos of the various conferences, including panoramas of participants. E. Folder List Series I - Biennial Superintendents 1 Conferences Box 1 - Conferences, 1911-1925 Proceedings - First National Park Conference, Yellowstone, September 11-12, 1911 Proceedings - Second National Park Conference, Yosemite, October 14-16, 1912 Proceedings - Third National Park Conference, Berkeley, California, March 11-13, 1915 Program - Fourth National Park Conference, Washington, D. C., January 2-6, 1917 Proceedings - National Park Conference, Washington, D. C., January 2-6, 1917 Summary Notes - Fifth National Park Conference, Denver, November 18, 1919 Program - Sixth National Park Conference, Yosemite, November 12-13, 1922 Minutes - Seventh National Park Conference, Yellowstone, October 22-28, 1923 Minutes - Eighth National Park Conference, Mesa Verde, October 1-5, 1925 Correspondence - Jesse Nusbaum, Superintendents' Conference, 1928-1942 Box 2 - Conferences, 1926-1939 Program - Ninth National Park Conference, Washington, D. C., November 15-20, 1926 Minutes - Ninth National Park Conference, Washington, D. C., November 15-20, 1926 Program - National Park Conference, San Francisco, California, February 15-21, 1928 Program - Superintendents' Conference, Yellowstone, September 17-24, 1929 Proceedings - First Park Naturalists' Conference, Berkeley, California, November 11-30, 1929 Extracts for Conclusions of Park Superintendents' Conference, Washington, D. C., November 17-December 15, 1932 Program Dinner for 1934 Conference Program - National Park Conference, Washington, D. C., January 23-24, 1936 Extracts from Recommendation of National Park Superintendents' Conference, January 2, 1936 http://www.nps.gov/hfc/services/library/conf.cfm 2/18 COMMENTARY the interior who helped secure the (the Leopold Report), and then as the establishment of the National Park Service's chief scientist. Some of Service in 1916, had studied at Berkeley. Leopold's students are among the Park And three of the first four Park Service Service's current-day scientists. directors-Stephen Mather, Horace Since their early association, the Albright and Newton Drury-graduated university and the Park Service have from the University of California (as did individually grown, diversified and the most recent former director, William expanded their influence worldwide. Yet Penn Mott, Jr.). It was Mather, however, both institutions seem to have largely who fostered close ties with the university forgotten their once close ties. Typifying and was most responsible for the school's this lack of institutional memory, the extensive involvement with the national university's library holdings do not parks. include The George Wright Forum, a Under Mather, landscape architecture journal named in honor of one of the became a dominant profession in the school's own graduates who greatly National Park Service, due in part to the influenced the Park Service's early efforts of Thomas Vint, a University of science programs. And at Hilgard Hall California graduate. Vint assumed there is little awareness that this building leadership of landscape architecture once housed important field offices of about 1927; and throughout his long and incipient National Park Service influential career, he employed a number professional programs. of the university's graduates, who The institutional ties ultimately proved contributed to the strength of this more meaningful to the Park Service than program. to the university. While other schools In the mid-1920s, Mather established a (e.g. Colorado State University and forestry division under Berkeley graduate Northern Arizona University) have since Ansel Hall, who simultaneously served as graduated many Park Service leaders, no chief naturalist, in charge of education other institution has had an impact com- (i.e. natural history and interpretation). parable to that of the University of Cal- For a time, the Park Service's field office ifornia. It was the University of THE UNIVERSITY OF for forestry and education was located in California that was present at the crea- CALIFORNIA - PRESENT Hilgard Hall on the University of tion and whose graduates contributed AT THE CREATION California campus. much of the visionary and intellectual In 1930, Dr. Harold Bryant, a leadership that led to the National Park Richard West Sellars University of California graduate, Service's early and long-range success. assumed overall supervision of the In March, 1915, the University of education and forestry programs. Partly California hosted the Third National Park in association with the university, Bryant Conference, a meeting of prominent had had long experience with the nature conservationists, politicians and study program at Yosemite. Also under businessmen. That this conference was Bryant (and located in Hilgard Hall) was held on the campus in Berkeley the Division of Wildlife, a newly symbolized the unusually close ties established office headed by George developing between the university and the Wright. Wright and several of his national parks. By the early 20th century, research staff had graduated from the the University of California was well University of California. They were established as the leading center of deeply influenced by the ecological higher education in the West - the region thinking of Joseph Grinnell, head of the that then contained almost all of the University's Museum of Vertebrate national park units. In the next few Zoology. decades, many top National Park Service By the mid-1930s, most functions of personnel would be graduates of the the Berkeley field offices had been University of California. And, in transferred to Washington, DC, thus association with the school, the Park weakening ties to the university. Yet Service would initiate some of its most later, another California graduate and important and lasting professional student of Grinnell's from the 1930s, programs, including landscape Berkeley biology professor A. Starker architecture, forestry, interpretation Leopold, would achieve prominence with and wildlife management. the Park Service as co-author of the 1963 Franklin K. Lane, the secretary of Wildlife Management in the National Parks 4 COURIER February 1990 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE CONFERENCES Page 1 of 16 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE CONFERENCES National Park Service History Collection RG 8 Preliminary inventory A. Provenance This material came from many different sources and occasions. Conferences were held before the establishment of the National Park Service and are a continuing function of the organization. Material will continue to come in. An extremely small amount of material is from "outside" conferences attended by National Park Service personnel, but most is a result of in-house activity. Some of the material was pre-conference in nature produced for study and information while the remainder resulted from the conferences themselves. Most of this material remained in the hands of the conferees, parks, offices that used it and for whom it was intended. Consequently, most of the material came to NPSHC from individuals and parks. B. History As more parks become established, the need for more uniformity and better communication among parks and their management personnel became apparent. To help meet this goal the first National Park Conference was held in Yellowstone in September, 1911. A second followed in 1912 at Yosemite, and a third several years later at the National Park Education Center in Berkeley, Calif. By the time of the establishment of the National Park Service in 1916, a biennial pattern had emerged. With some exceptions, notably the World War II period, this pattern of a biennial meeting of superintendents continued until 1965. Since then, regional meetings have taken place and there have been only two Servicewide meetings - in 1977 and 1988. Meetings will probably continue in one form or another. Meetings of this type are often significant as the scene of development and/or announcement of new National Park Service policies, procedures, thrusts, etc. As the National Park System and Service grew and became more complicated, personnel other than superintendents also discovered a need for a meeting of the minds and a sharing of information at conferences. Interpreters have met since 1929 and the first National Park Service Women's Conference took place in 1979. There have also been many meetings at levels below Servicewide. The National Park Service has also participated in worldwide conferences, some held under NPS auspices. The materials from these world conferences are included in RG 9. C. Summary There are (1986) 15 document boxes, several volumes, and loose material pertaining to NPS conferences. The bulk of the material, 10 document boxes, is in Series I - Biennial Superintendents Conferences. There is one folder from the special meeting with Director Mott which is included with Document Box R in Series II - Regional Conferences and Special Meetings. A smaller amount, 3 boxes, pertain to Series III - Interpreters' Conferences. Several volumes pertain to Series IV - Resource Management and Scientific Conferences. D. Dispersal The NPS Historic Photograph Collection contains several photos of the various conferences, including panoramas of participants. E. Folder List Series I - Biennial Superintendents' Conferences Box 1 - Conferences, 1911-1925 Proceedings - First National Park Conference, Yellowstone, September 11-12, 1911 Proceedings - Second National Park Conference, Yosemite, October 14-16, 1912 http://www.nps.gov/hfc/library/conf.htm 7/10/2002 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE CONFERENCES Page 2 of 16 Proceedings - Third National Park Conference, Berkeley, California, March 11-13, 1915 Program - Fourth National Park Conference, Washington, D. C., January 2-6, 1917 Proceedings - National Park Conference, Washington, D. C., January 2-6, 1917 Summary Notes - Fifth National Park Conference, Denver, November 18, 1919 Program - Sixth National Park Conference, Yosemite, November 12-13, 1922 Minutes - Seventh National Park Conference, Yellowstone, October 22-28, 1923 Minutes - Eighth National Park Conference, Mesa Verde, October 1-5, 1925 Correspondence - Jesse Nusbaum, Superintendents' Conference, 1928-1942 Box 2 - Conferences, 1926-1939 Program - Ninth National Park Conference, Washington, D. C., November 15-20, 1926 Minutes - Ninth National Park Conference, Washington, D. C., November 15-20, 1926 Program - National Park Conference, San Francisco, California, February 15-21, 1928 Program - Superintendents' Conference, Yellowstone, September 17-24, 1929 Proceedings - First Park Naturalists' Conference, Berkeley, California, November 11-30, 1929 Extracts for Conclusions of Park Superintendents' Conference, Washington, D. C., November 17-December 15, 1932 Program Dinner for 1934 Conference Program - National Park Conference, Washington, D. C., January 23-24, 1936 Extracts from Recommendation of National Park Superintendents' Conference, January 2, 1936 Program - Superintendent,' Conference, Washington, D. C., January 17-22, 1938 Minutes - NPS Superintendents' Conference, Washington, D. C., January 5-13, 1939 Proceedings - Conference on Camp Planning, Camp Edith Macy, Briar Cliff Manor, New York, May 20-23, 1936 Box 3 - Conference, 1934 Proceedings of Joint Conference National Park Operators and Superintendents, Grand Canyon, May 1-5, 1934 Resume of Events - Superintendents' and Park Operators' Conference, Washington, D. C., November 18-22, 1934 Extracts from Recommendations of Conference of Superintendents and Field Operators, Washington, D. C., November 19-23, 1934 Conference of Superintendents and Field Operators, Washington, D.C., November 19-23, 1934, Vol. 1, pages 1-199, Sessions of November 19 and 20 Conference of Superintendents and Field Operators, Washington, D.C., November 19-23, 1934, Vol. 2, pages 200- http://www.nps.gov/hfc/library/conf.htm 7/10/2002 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE CONFERENCES Page 3 of 16 322, Sessions of November 21 Conference of Superintendents and Field Operators, Washington, D.C., November 19-23, 1934, Vol. 3, pages 323- 379, Morning Session of November 22 - Joint Meeting with Park Operators Conference of Superintendents and Field Operators, Washington, D.C., November 19-23, 1934, Vol. 4, pages 300- 535, Afternoon Session of November 22 - Group Conference of Historical and Archeological Superintendents, of Friday morning, November 23 and Final Afternoon Session of November 23 Box 4 - Conferences, 1940-1949 Report of Meeting of Custodians' Southwest National Monuments at Headquarters, SWNM, Coolidge, Arizona, February 14-16, 1940 Report on Custodians' Meeting at Headquarters, SWNM, February 19-21, 1941 List of Field Officials Invited to NPS Conference, January 20-29, 1941 Memo - NPS Standing Committees from 1939 to December 1940 Remarks of Harold L. Ickes, Secretary of the Interior, before NPS Conference, January 21, 1941 Memo - Summary of Recommendations from NPS Conference, January 1941 Recommendations of NPS Conference, Washington, D.C., January 21-29, 1941 Conference Program - March 6-8, 1945, NPS Region I, Richmond, Virginia Remarks by Director Drury at Region I Superintendents' Conference, March 6, 1945 Minutes of Conference on Use of Resources in Historical Areas Administered by NPS, Colonial NHP, March 6-7, 1946 Report of Proceedings - NPS Conference, Mammoth Cave, October 8-11, 1946 Summary of the April National Park Conference (1947) Address List - NPS Conference, Grand Canyon, October 4-7, 1948 Discussion Program - NPS Conference, Grand Canyon, October -7,1948 C. P. Russell's notes made during NPS Conference, Grand Canyon, October 4-7, 1948 Report of Proceedings of NPS Conference, Grand Canyon, October 4-8, 1948 Notes by Session Summarizers - NPS Conference, Grand Canyon. October 4-8. 1948 Welcome from Region 4 plus Agenda - NPS Conference, Yosemite, October 16-21, 1950 Monthly Narrative, October 1950 - Fort Pulaski giving impressions of trip to NPS Conference, Yosemite Welcome to NPS Conference by Carl P. Russell, Superintendent, Yosemite, October 16, 1950 Agenda - 20th NPS Conference, Yosemite, October 16-20, 1950 Agenda - 21st Meeting NPS "Area Operations," Glacier, September 4-10, 1952 Program Booklet - Public Services, Great Smoky Mountains, September 19-24, 1955 http://www.nps.gov/hfc/library/conf.htm 7/10/2002 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE CONFERENCES Page 15 of 16 - Dual Career Correspondence folder - WASO/HFC Mini Conference Correspondence folder - Regional Women's Mini-Conferences Information - Report on Women and Minority Employment - RMR/DSC - Task Force on Women's Regional Mini-Conference - Conference Program Agenda - MARO Program - Flyer - Women in Action - Yosemite Women's Conference, August 25-27, 1982 APPENDIX Major NPS Superintendents' Conferences 1911-1988 First 1911 Yellowstone NP Second 1912 Yosemite NP Third 1915 Berkeley, CA Fourth 1917 Washington, DC Fifth 1919 Denver, CO Sixth 1922 Yosemite NP Seventh 1923 Yellowstone NP Eighth 1925 Mesa Verde NP Ninth 1926 Washington, DC Tenth 1928 San Francisco, CA Eleventh 1929 Yellowstone NP Twelfth 1932 Hot Springs NP Thirteenth 1934 Washington, DC Fourteenth 1936 Washington, DC Fifteenth 1938 Washington, DC Sixteenth 1939 Santa Fe, NM Seventeenth 1941 Washington, DC http://www.nps.gov/hfc/library/conf.htm 7/10/2002 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE CONFERENCES Page 16 of 16 Eighteenth 1946 Mammoth Cave NP Nineteenth 1948 Grand Canyon NP Twentieth 1950 Yosemite NP Twenty-first 1952 Glacier NP Public Services 1955 Great Smoky Mountains NP Park Development 1957 Yellowstone/Grand Teton NPs Visitor services 1959 Colonial Williamsburg, VA Mission 66 Frontiers 1961 Grand Canyon NP Conference of Challenges 1963 Yosemite NP Park Management 1965 Great Smoky Mountains NP Conference 1977 Rocky Mountain NP Conference 1979 (never held) Conference 1988 Yellowstone NP Compiled April 15, 1986, Revised September 24, 1998, Revised October 3, 2000 http://www.nps.gov/hfc/library/conf.htm 7/10/2002 FIRST PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE HELD AT THE YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK SEPTEMBER 11 AND 12. 1911 OF THE DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1912 CONTENTS. Page. Introduction I Persons attending the conference 1 Evening session, September II 3 Introductory remarks by Hon. Walter L. Fisher, Secretary of the Interior. 3 Remarks by Mr. Louis W. Hill, president of the Great Northern Railway Co. 4 Remarks by Mr. Thomas Cooper, assistant to the president, Northern Pacific Railway 6 Transportation and its relation to national parks, by O. W. Lehmer, super- intendent and traffic manager, Yosemite Valley Railroad 8 Remarks by Mr. Charles S. Fee, passenger traffic manager, Southern Pacific Co II Remarks by Mr. A. G. Wells, general manager coast lines, Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway System I3 Remarks by Mr. F. F. Harvey, Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway System I5 Remarks by Mr. L. C. Gilman, assistant to the president, Great Northern Railway Co 16 Remarks by Mr. J. Horace McFarland, president of the American Civic Association I7 Transportation in the Yellowstone National Park, by F. J. Haynes, presi dent of the Monida & Yellowstone Stage Co., read by James R. Hickey, vice president 21 Morning session, September I2 35 Permanent camps: Their care and sanitation in Yellowstone National Park, by A. W. Miles, president of the Wylic Permanent Camping Co 4I Remarks by Mr. R. E. L. Smith, representing Messrs. Shaw & Powell 48 Remarks by Mr. R. C. Bryant 53 Remarks by Mr. J. P. Ternes, president of the Tacoma Carriage & Baggage Transfer Co 55 Remarks by Mr. Foster Curry 56 Remarks by Mr. George Uliler, Supervising Inspector General of the Steam- boat-Inspection Service 58 Remarks by Mr. Eugene S. Bruce, expert lumberman, Forest Service 63 Remarks by Mr. H. S. Graves, Forester, Forest Service 66 Afternoon session, September I2 7I Insect damage to standing timber in the national parks, by A. D. Hopkins, expert in charge of forest insect investigations, Bureau of Entomology, < United States Department of Agriculture 71 The administration of national monuments, by Frank Bond, chief clerk, General Land Office 80 Architecture and engineering: Its relation to isolated Government im- provements, by E. M. Sunderland IOI Publicity in its relation to national parks, by L. F. Schmeckebier, clerk in charge of publications, Department of the Interior 103 III IV CONTENTS. Afternoon session, September 12-Continued. Page. Park administration, by R. B. Marshall, chief geographer, United States Geological Survey 108 Bathhouses on the Hot Springs, Ark., Reservation: Their problems from the standpoint of practical administration, by W. G. Maurice I2I Remarks by Mr. William T. S. Curtis 126 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE General inspection work relating to national parks, by E. B. Linnen, inspector, Department of the Interior HELD AT YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK SEPTEM- 129 Evening session, September I2 134 BER 11 AND 12, 1911. Road and trail construction in the national parks, by E. A. Keys, inspector, Department of the Interior I34 General inspection work as a part of park administration, by J. H. Norris, inspector, Department of the Interior 145 INTRODUCTION. National park administration, by Maj. William W. Forsyth, acting super- intendent, Yosemite National Park 149 On September II and I2 there was held in the Yellowstone National Remarks by Lieut. Col. L. M. Brett, acting superintendent, Yellowstone National Park Park the first conference of departmental officials and other persons I54 The past, present, and future of Hot Springs, Ack., by H. H. Mycrs, super- interested in the development and administration of the national parks. intendent of the Hot Springs Reservation 155 There were present at this conference the superintendents of the various A national park in the formative stage, by W. R. Logan, superintendent, parks, the principal Washington officers of the Department of the Inte- Glacier National Park 161 rior who handle national park matters, and representatives of the Road and trail construction, wagon and automobile transportation, hotels, concessioners, of the transportation companies tributary to the parks, and tent camps in the Mount Rainier National Park, by Edward S. Hall, superintendent of the Mount Rainier National Park and of independent organizations that have been interested in the prob- 167 The Mesa Verde National Park: Its past, present, and future, by Richard lems of park administration. All persons holding concessions in the Wright, acting superintendent, Mesa Verde National Park 171 national parks were invited to be present and all of the railroads tributary Papers prepared for the conference I75 to the parks were invited to send representatives. Every important The medical side of the Hot Springs Reservation, by Maj. Harry M. Hal- interest connected with the parks both on the side of the Government lock, medical director 175 Construction work in the Yosemite National Park, by D. A. Sherfey, and on the side of the concessioners and railroads was adequately repre- resident engineer 181 sented. The purpose of the conference was to consider all the questions The Sequoia and General Grant National Parks, by Walter Fry, ranger 186 that arise in the administration of these reservations in order that the General park administration, by Maj. James B. Hughes, acting superin- department might be able to make such changes in the regulations and tendent, Sequoia and General Grant National Parks 190 to foster such development as might be for the best interest of the public. The Sullys Hill National Park, N. Dak., by C. M. Zicbach, acting superin- tendent It should be distinctly understood that the views herein expressed are 194 Crater Lake National Park, by W. F. Arant, superintendent 196 those of the individuals presenting them, and that the department gives Platt National Park, by W. J. French, superintendent 201 no official sanction to the facts stated or to the recommendations made. Index 207 PERSONS ATTENDING THE CONFERENCE. W. F. Arant, superintendent Crater Lake National Park, Klamath Falls, Oreg. C. J. Blanchard, statistician, United States Reclamation Service, Washington, D. C. W. M. Boland, ranger, Wind Cave National Park, Hot Springs, S. Dak. Frank Bond, chief clerk, General Land Office, Washington, D. C. Lieut. Col. L. M. Brett, acting superintendent Yellowstone National Park, Yellow- stone Park, Wyo. Eugene S. Bruce, expert lumberman, Forest Service, Washington, D. C. Josef Brunner, assistant, Bureau of Entomology, Columbia Falls, Mont. R. C. Bryant, Bryant camps, Yellowstone Park, Wyo. H. E. Burke, assistant, Bureau of Entomology, Yrcka, Cal. D. E. Burley, general passenger agent Oregon Short Line Railroad, Salt Lake City, Utah. J. B. Callahan, Finance Division, office of the Secretary, Department of the Interior, Washington, D. C. H. W. Child, president Yellowstone Park Hotel Co., Yellowstone Park, Wyo. Thomas Cooper, assistant to the president Northern Pacific Railway, St. Paul, Minn. 2 PROCEEDINGS OF NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS OF NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. 3 Foster Curry, representative of Yosemite Park concessioner, Yosemite, Cal. William T. S. Curtis, representative of Hot Springs concessioners, Washington, D. Dr. Charles Dake, president Federal Registration Board, Hot Springs, Ark. EVENING SESSION, SEPTEMBER 11. W. Edmonston, assistant, Bureau of Entomology, Baker, Oreg. Charles S. Fee, passenger traffic manager Southern Pacific Co., San Francisco, Cal. INTRODUCTORY REMARKS BY HON. WALTER L. FISHER, Secretary W. L. Fisher, Secretary of the Interior, Washington, D. C. Maj. William W. Forsyth, acting superintendent Voscmite National Park, Yosem- of the Interior. ite, Cal. Gerrit Fort, passenger traffic manager Oregon Short Line Railroad, Omaha, Nebr. Gentlemen: If you will pardon nie for assuming the direction of the W. J. French, superintendent Platt National Park, Sulphur, Okla. meeting we will proceed to business. I am taking the initiative because Walter Fry, ranger, Sequoia and General Grant National Parks, Three Rivers, Cal. C. Gilman, assistant to the president Great Northern Railway Co., St. Paul. Minn. this conference has been called by the Secretary of the Interior to discuss H. S. Graves, Forester, Forest Service, Washington, D. E. S. Hall, superintendent Mount Rainier National Park, Ashford, Wash. the general subject of the national parks in this country. We will discuss Ark. Maj. Harry M. Hallock, medical director, Hot Springs Reservation, Hot Springs, the matter of the present condition of the national parks and what can best be donc to pronote the welfare of the parks and make them better J. M. Hannaford, second vice president Northern Pacific Railway, St. Paul, Minn. F. F. Harvey, Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fc Railway System, Chicago, III. for the purpose for which they were created. Having called the confer- L. T. Hay, manager, Arlington Hotel Co., Hot Springs, Ark. ence, I shall simply act as general director, SO that we may avail ourselves F. J. Haynes, president Monida & Yellowstone Stage Co, Yellowstone Park, Wyo. H. H. Hays, general agent, Wylic Permanent Camping Co., Yellowstone Park, Wyo. of the advantages of proceeding in a parliamentary manner. In talking R. D. Heinl, correspondent, Leslie's Weekly, Washington, D. C. this matter over with those who have had most to do with it, we have W. J. Henderson, concessioner, Yellowstone National Park, Yellowstone Park, Wyo. Janies R. Hickey, vice president Monida & Yellowstone Stage Co., Yellowstone reached the conclusion that progress will bc promoted if we discuss this Park, Wyo. subject under three general heads-transportation, concessions within L. W. Hill, president Great Northern Railway Co., St. Paul, Minn. Washington, D. C. A. D. Hopkins, expert in charge forest insect investigations, Bureau of Entomology, the parks, and the subject of park administration from the point of view of those charged with that duty. Maj. James B. Hughes, acting superintendent Sequoia and General Grant National Parks, Three Rivers, Cal. Before entering upon the discussion of these general topics, it may not W. E. Kelly, office of chief clerk, Department of the Interior, Washington, D. C. be inappropriate for me to say that this large gathering of men of affairs E. A. Keys, inspector, Department of the Interior, Spokane, Wash. H. E. Klamer, concessioner, Yellowstone National Park, Yellowstone Park, Wyo. indicates the interest which is taken in this whole subject and is very D.C. George H. Lamar, representative of Wylic Permanent Camping Co., Washington, gratifying to me and those who are associated with me in the administra- O. W. Lehmer, superintendent and traffic manager, Yosemite Valley Railroad, tion of this very important work. Since I became Secretary of the Inte- Merced, Cal. rior and after discussion of the question with those officials at Washington W. R. Logan, superintendent Glacier National Park, Belton, Mont. E. B. Linnen, inspector, Department of the Interior, Washington, D. intimately connected with the administration of the national parks, I Alexander Lyall, concessioner, Yellowstone National Park, Yellowstone Park, Wyo. have formed the opinion that the parks have not received the attention R. B. Marshall, chief gcographer, Geological Survey, Washington, D. C. Maurice, Maurice Bath House, Hot Springs, Ark. they descrve. They have grown up like Topsy, and no one has been H. F. McCabe, Interior Department, Washington, D. C. particularly concerned with them. This conference has been called for J. Horace McFarland, president American Civic Association, Harrisburg, Pa. A. W. Miles, president Wylie Permanent Camping Co., Yellowstone Park, Wyo. the purpose of discussing the difficulties met with in the various parks, H. H. Myers, superintendent Hot Springs Reservation, Hot Springs, Ark. in order that the difficulties met with in one park may be avoided in the J. H. Norris, inspector, Interior Department, Washington, D. C. Allen C. Orrick, representing Palace Bath House, Hot Springs, Ark. others, and in order that the plans which have been found successful in G. A. Pryor, concessioner, Yellowstone National Park, Yellowstone Park, Wyo. L. F. Schmeckebier, clerk in charge of publications, Interior Department, Wash- one park may be adopted in the others. ington, D. C. The attendance in the parks has not increased as those most familiar W. M. Sell, concessioner, Vosemite National Park, Yosemite, Cal. with them believe it should have increased. While there has been mani- D. A. Sherfey, resident engincer, Voscmite National Park, Vosemitc, Cal. S. E. Shoemaker, ranger, Mesa Verde National Park, Mancos, Colo. fested widespread interest in the parks, still the numerical attendance has Hoke Smith, Great Northern Railway, St. Paul, Minn. not shown the increase which it is believed should be shown during the R. E. L. Smith, representing Shaw & Powell, Yellowstone National Park conces- sioners, Washington, D. past IO years, and particularly during the past 5 years. The first W. G. Steel, president Crater Lake Co., Crater Lake, Oreg. E. M. Sunderland, architect, Ouray Building, Washington, D. C. question, therefore, is how to direct the attention of the people to these J. P. Ternes, president Tacoma Carriage & Baggage Transfer Co., Tacoma, Wash. parks in such a way that the people will know how to get to them and A. Thompson, Assistant Secretary of the Interior, Washington, D. what the expense will be in getting to them. That, gentlemen, is a sub- Ucker, chief clerk, Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C. George Uhler, supervising inspector general, Steamboat-Inspection Service, Depart- jeet about which we are very much concerned, and it is a problem in ment of Commerce and Labor, Washington, D. C. A. G. Wells, general manager Coast Lines, Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fc Railway solving which the railroads can be of great assistance. I do not neces- System, Los Angeles, Cal. sarily mean financial assistance, although I do not wish to ignore that Richard Wright, acting superintendent Mesa Verde National Park, Mancos, Colo. feature of the situation. We thoroughly appreciate the expenditures AT no1 C. M. Ziebach, acting superintendent Sullys Hill National Park, Fort Totten, 4 PROCEEDINGS OF NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS OF NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. 5 which the railroads have made in many instances for the development of Park. I obtained the information from reliable business men. Ninety- the parks; I mean expenditures made in the furnishing of increased five per cent of the people going to Canada are Americans. The reason facilities in getting to the parks, and particularly the work of publicity for it is the advertising which is being done by the Canadians. As Mr. which they are carrying on. We know that costs them money, and Fisher has said, the advertising largely falls to the railroads and those although the inducement is a financial return to the railroads, it is an who are interested commercially in the parks, although the Government enlightened selfishness which is entitled to our grateful recognition. We has done some, and in the future we all want to go ahead and do a great think that the railroads may have some valuable suggestions to make to deal more in the way of advertising. This will change the current of us-something, perhaps, which they may have been thinking they would travel from Europe and Canada to this country. I think it is safe to say like to do if the park officials and the Department of the Interior would that what took 40 years in the development of this park, Yellowstone, cooperate with them. In other words, the way to start this conference will be done, with proper development work, in three years in Glacier is with the question of how we are going to get to the parks. After we Park. There is no reason why within three or four years we should not get to them, other questions will arise and we can discuss what is going have an attendance in Glacier equal to that which we have here in Yellow- to happen from that point on. I would be very glad, indeed, to open the stone; at least, I know of 110 reason why this could not be done, and we discussion by hearing some remarks from Mr. Hill, president of the Great are going ahead with this in view in our "See America First" campaign. Northern Railway. So far as our railroad is concerned in the four parks in which we are most interested, we want to cooperate in advertising, and if there are any REMARKS BY MR. LOUIS W. HILL, President of the Great Northern other ways in which we can assist we will do it. Before much can be Railway Co. done in this line, however, we must have trails, telephone lines, wagon Mr. Secretary and gentlemen: I will try to help you start this meeting roads, and camps for taking care of tourists. All of this will cost a good and will endeavor to be as brief as possible and take up as little of the deal of money, and we can not expect to do too much at once. This time of the assembly as I may in my remarks, because, as I understand it, year there have been considerably more than 3,000 people in Glacier, and the meeting was called primarily for the benefit of those directly inter- SO far we have only advertised Glacier in a sentimental way. There are not sufficient accommodations in Glacier for taking care of the tourists. ested in the parks, the superintendents and other officials. The railroads, We have established several camps, but we do not wish to go into the of course, have nothing to do with the direction of the parks. Our rela- hotel business; we wish to get out of it and confine ourselves strictly to tions with the parks are naturally very close, and I believe they should be closer. It is, I believe, most fortunate from every standpoint that the business of getting the people there just as soon as we can, but it is this conference has been called, indicating, as it does, the great interest difficult to get capital interested in this kind of pioncer work. With the taken by the present Secretary of the Interior in the national parks. It cooperation and assistance of the Government we hope within two or is the first time the parks have received such attention, and I believe the three years to get financial people interested in the park and then we can excellent attendance here to-day indicates that it is appreciated. It is get out and attend to railroading. The railroads are greatly interested fitting that the first conference should be held in Yellowstone Park, the in the passenger traffic to the parks. Every passenger that goes to first of the national parks to be created. This park was started many the national parks, wherever he may be, represents practically a net years ago, and there are many reasons why it has not gone ahead as it carning. We already have the train facilities for taking care of the should have gone. Glacier Park in Montana is the most recent of the regular traffic and the tourist earnings are practically net, as long as parks to be created and is the one in which we of the Great Northern are they do not require extra train service. most interested, because our lines touch it, but we are also interested in every national park in the United States, although our especial interest The SECRETARY. Perhaps, following what seems to be the natural line lies in Glacier, Yellowstone, Yosemite, and Crater Lake. This is because of approach, it would be a good plan to hear from those who are interested it is practically impossible to sell a round trip ticket to a man for any one in the park where we now are. When we discuss transportation facilities park, the public always wanting to go from one park to another. in connection with Yellowstone Park-transportation leading to and away Thousands of Americans go to Canada every year for things they from the park, as distinct from that within the park-there are three might just as well get in the United States. They go there for homes and railroads especially concerned. I believe the first on the scene was the they go there to see the scenery in the Canadian Rockies. Recently when Northern Pacific, and if Mr. Cooper, assistant to the president of the I was there studying conditions I was told that five to six hundred people Northern Pacific, will favor us with such suggestions as he may wish to visit the Canadian Rockies daily. This shows the possibilities for Glacier 16 PROCEEDINGS OF NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS OF NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. I7 situation differs from other places in that we do not have water. The water there has to be hauled in perhaps a distance of 120 miles-hauled receive them, either as to rates or service. This would be a very good in by train. There is water about a mile down the canyon, but it is time to make some suggestions in that direction. impossible to get it up without going to a very large expense. My hope I know that one of the persons in the United States who is most deeply is that the visit of the Secretary will acquaint him with conditions concerned in the development and use of our national parks is Mr. obtaining there and thereby enlist his aid. Mr. Hill very properly stated McFarland, president of the American Civic Association. As we are that it is rather hard to separate one of these attractions from the other. approaching the parks now by means of the railroads, I would be very They all belong together. For instance, the improvements made here by glad to have a word from him. Mr. Child I regard as a benefit to the Santa Fe Railroad, though it is remote from them. I think there is a probability of the visitors here REMARKS BY MR. J. HORACE McFARLAND, President of the American Civic Association. coming around by Yosemite and back by the canyon. Mr. Secretary, I really have nothing to say that would be of advantage in regard to transportation. I think the transportation at the present The SECRETARY. There are quite a number of railroad men on the list time is admirable. All have to say is that the railroads are in advance of before me. I do not know exactly whom to select-I would prefer to the Government in the treatment of these national parks and that it is have volunteers if they would be willing to speak. I would like to have up to the general public, including the railroad men, to bestir themselves any suggestions that occur to you, Mr. Gilman. to see that the national parks are put in such shape and under such man- agement as will bring about the conditions they themselves want. I REMARKS BY MR. L. C. GILMAN, Assistant to the President, Great fancy that all of us from time to time are apt to jump on any visible part Northern Railway Co. of the Government we can get our fingers or thumbs on, forgetting that Mr. Secretary and gentlemen: I think that all that can be said on the this is supposedly a Government in which every man is equal-every one subject has been touched upon by the representatives of the railroads- of us has at least one Representative in Washington to whom we may that is, the relation between transportation and the national parks. write a letter backed by a vote. It has been well said that our national The railroads are willing to do their share, all of them, in the matter of parks have not been managed in a coordinate fashion, but if we will transportation to the parks. Some of the gentlemen who have spoken combine our efforts and each one of us use our influence on Congress a have expressed a willingness to go even farther and to furnish the neces- good many things that we would like to come about will result. sary transportation and other facilities within the parks, and that at the The SECRETARY. I had assumed, Mr. McFarland, that the general present time the real question to be considered is not SO much the atti- question of the organization of a bureau of national parks for the pur- tude of the railroads toward the parks as the attitude of the Government pose of more efficient administration would be of interest to you; I toward the parks. I think I may safely say that the attitude of the had thought that this matter would be more appropriate a little later on, present executive portion of the Government is all that anybody could but if you care to speak on that subject now I would be very glad to hear wish; but unfortunately the Executive has no power to make expendi- you. tures in the parks, 110 means of obtaining money with which to make Mr. MCFARLAND. With your permission, then, I will speak now. these expenditures, so that our efforts from this time on, it seems to me, Some things have been said here to-night concerning American travel should be directed toward obtaining from Congress the necessary appro- abroad. The Review of Reviews printed a review of the European travel priations to properly develop the parks. We would depend upon the situation soine time ago, and the assertion was made that the pleasure concessioners and the Government to make the parks attractive and to travel tide which flows over Europe aggregates $550,000,000 yearly. It render within the parks the proper service at reasonable rates. When was asserted that the United States supplies two-thirds of this amount that has been accomplished, I am sure that good results will be had. and got back as its share for its own scenic advantages less than one-half of the sum. This will serve to show that there is a strong financial inducement for doing something in respect to modifying the park policy. The SECRETARY. Now, there are other railroad men who have come It seems to me that it is now time that the national parks shall cease to here because of an interest in the subject, and we will be very glad to be incidentally handled in two departments and come to such handling hear from them. If there are any suggestions, I would be very glad to as will make them as definite on the map of the United States as are the parks in any large city. We do not find in 150 or American 18 PROCEEDINGS OF NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS OF NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. 19 instance of successful park work when the administration was by inci- enormous increase in the number of visitors. When you get people to dental committees or by the street commissioner or the public-works go to the parks you are making them better fit for that civilization and commissioner. The parks are successful when they are the primary that patriotism which we all speak of, but which we do not all of us work object of attention on the part of some one person or some definite body. for. We all sing "My country, 'tis of thee" and "I love thy rocks and A park commissioner is the usual means. rills," but what have we done with those rocks? We have torn them down We want to consider whether there should not be more parks. I find to get something from the inside. Those "rills" we have dammed up with that the Federal Government possesses 712,000,000 acres of land unap- silt and coal dirt. "Thy woods and templed hills"-but where are the propriated and unreserved. Surely in that area, found in 26 States, there woods? "My heart with rapture thrills"-but God knows at what! are portions which should be looked after. The same thing is needed by We have not begun to work out our national hymn, and we lie when we the national parks as by the city parks. How do the cities acquire a sing it. Our work with the national parks will help us to make the park system? I may speak from direct knowledge, because I had con- hymn an accomplished fact. The parks, broadly considered, properly siderable to do with the parks in Harrisburg. There when the park supported, adequately laid out, and suitably maintained, will be more question was taken up we employed the best man we could find for the advantageous, even as a solid business proposition, than anything we can purpose. He looked over our community, made an investigation of the do to-day. various places which seemed best adapted to serve the needs of the town, I had expected a letter from Mr. Frederick Law Olmstead, but as it has and then made his report. The report was considered widely extravagant not been received I request that it be inserted in the record. until a detailed examination was made of it, and we then saw that Mr. Manning was right. We followed his suggestions, and in TO years the parks LETTER FROM MR. FREDERICK LAW OLMSTED. have grown from 41 acres to 749 acres, I acre for every 90 people. That OLMSTED BROS., LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS, can not be done without having a definite plan. With the exception of 54 Brookline, Mass., September 13, I9II. acres, we had to buy every inch of the park land. We had no land to Mr. J. HORACE McFARLAND, which the city might lay claim, being without the advantages which the President American Civic Association, Harrisburg, Pa. Federal Government now possesses. I adduce this instance to suggest My DEAR MR. McFARLAND: I greatly regret that I did not receive the enormous advantage of giving the matter expert consideration. your letter in time to enable me to get a letter to you at Mammoth Hot There are no American national parks cast of the Yellowstone, while Springs before yesterday, as requested. the center of population is in Indiana. To get to the parks people must I do not know, however, that I could have said much that is not travel 1,500 miles. This is good for the railroads, but hard on the people. already well in mind. The two principal points which I should have I think it is the Nation's duty to serve some of the eastern people as well tried to make are these: First, the importance of some kind of legislative as the western and think parks should be created either by purchase or definition in broad but unmistakable terms of the primary purpose for by using some of the unreserved public land which would be easily acces- which the parks and monuments are set apart, accompanied by a pro- sible to the people of the cast. The taste for the parks grows by what it hibition of any use which is directly or indirectly in conflict with that feeds upon. The parks in the city of Chicago are visited by 750,000 primary purpose without, however, interfering with the serving of other people each year. The people of the United States will not need to go purposes than the primary purpose in so far as they do not in any degree abroad if they are provided with the means here to see the things that conflict with the most perfect service of the latter. Second, executive are beautiful, and instead of spending their money abroad it will remain efficiency demands that there be a single responsible executive head over in the United States. There is from every standpoint sufficient advan- the park administration with adequate authority, as little hampered by tage surrounding the creation and maintenance of the national parks to external interference as is possible; and yet at the same time the exceed- make it right and necessary to formulate a definite park policy, and we ing difficulty of maintaining continuity of policy in regard to the ulti- should go at it with the same spirit that has made possible enterprises mate large effect upon the parks of innumerable decisions in matters of like the Panama Canal. detail continued over long periods of years, and the difficulty experienced The benefits we are having from the parks are just beginning. The by any busy executive officer in holding himself to such a comprehensive railroad men have told of the numbers visiting the parks. Mr. Harvey and far-sighted view, would seem to make it desirable for the Govern- has mentioned the increase in the number of visitors to the Grand Canyon. ment to establish some sort of small, permanent independent "board of The policy mentioned by the Secretary in regard to the press work is a overseers" of very slowly changing personnel, whose duty it should be to very wise one, and when the parks are better known there will be an make systematic and effective inspections at rather long intervals, to 80 PROCEEDINGS OF NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS OF NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. 81 The SECRETARY. If there is any discussion of the paper just read by almost beyond description, the products of erosion. We have also, as Mr. Hopkins, now is the time for it. If not, we will proceed to the next a monument, a magnificent Pacific coast redwood forest, a grove of subject, and we will ask Mr. Bond, chief clerk of the General Land Office sequoia which, as hardy seedlings, spread their ever-green leaflets to the to address us on "Administration of national monuments." warming sun almost before man began the written record of his birth and achievements. The great majority of these monuments were made pos- THE ADMINISTRATION OF NATIONAL MONUMENTS, BY FRANK sible because the objects preserved have great scientific interest; but I BOND, Chief Clerk, General Land Office. have at times been somewhat embarrassed by requests of patriotic and The act entitled "An act for the preservation of American antiquities," public-spirited citizens who have strongly supported applications to approved June 8, 1906 (34 Stat., 225), was the final result of a concerted create national monuments out of scenery alone. In many persons the effort of archaologists, scientists, and others, active both within the artistic and scientific powers are happily blended, but the terms of the public service and in unofficial fields. Long prior to 1906 the slow, monument act do not specify scenery, nor remotely refer to scenery, cumbersome, and ineffective process of creating reservations by special as a possible raison d'être for a public reservation. Reserves of this acts of Congress had been tried, and with few exceptions had failed. character may be created by special acts of Congress; however, the ex- Briefly, these efforts were ineffective, not because the Members of Con- istence of magnificent scenery within the boundaries of proposed nonu- ments has not, to my knowledge, acted as a deterrent in their establish- gress were opposed to the preservation of historic and prehistoric ruins, ment. The creation within a national forest of the Grand Canyon Na- but largely, I think, because these ruins occupied tracts far too insignifi- tional Monument, containing over 800,000 acres, is a case in point. cant in area, and the ruins themselves were not believed to be of sufficient national importance to warrant for each, or for each little group even, NUMBER, LOCATION, AND JURISDICTION OF NATIONAL the creation of SO important a reservation as a national park. More MONUMENTS. than one effort, however, was made by the friends of new legislation before a general measure, in the main satisfactory to those actively There are now 28 national monuments, distributed by States as fol- interested, was finally agreed upon and later enacted into law. At first lows: the preservation of historic and prehistoric ruins was alone considered, Alaska: New Mexico: Sitka. El Morro. but the great value to the people, as a whole, of the widely scattered evi- Arizona: Chaco Canyon. dences of nature's handiwork in the form of great caverns, extraordinary Montezuma Castle. Gila Cliff Dwellings. Petrified Forest. Gran Quivira. examples of mountain formation, due to volcanic activity or to surface Tonto. Oregon: or subsurface erosion, forced the conclusion that a law authorizing the pro- Grand Canyon. Oregon Caves. Tumacacori. South Dakota: tection of historic and prehistoric ruins would be seriously deficient unless Navajo. Jewel Cave. it also provided for a public guardianship of these treasures of nature-a California: Utah: Lassen Pcak. Natural Bridges. guardianship which would permit their frec study for the extension and Cinder Cone. Mukuntuwcap. diffusion of knowledge and their inspection and observation for the Muir Woods. Rainbow Bridge. Pinnacles. Washington: pleasure of the people. So the purpose of the proposed act was greatly Devils Postpile. Mount Olympus. enlarged and extended by the insertion therein of the word "scientific." Colorado: Wyoming: Whecler. Dcvils Tower. The intent of the act as finally passed has been broadly and, I feel, Colorado. Shoshone Cavern. properly and wisely interpreted in the very great majority of appeals Montana: Lewis and Clark Cavern. since made to its authority. We have now monuments created by man, Big Hole Battlefield. such as the pueblos, the cliffs ruins, and the sepulchers of nameless and Of these monuments 17 are under the jurisdiction of the Department unknown peoples, often most extraordinary as to location, character, of the Interior, as follows: Eleven created out of the public lands-the and size; we have mission churches of the carliest period of Spanish con- Devils Tower, El Morro, Montezuma Castle, Petrified Forest, Natural quest in the Southwest, and also lofty rock towers and cliffs upon which Bridges, Lewis and Clark Cavern, Mukuntuweap, Shoshone Cavern, Gran were carved over 300 years ago, with the daggers of the commanders, Quivira, Sitka, and Colorado; two, the Navajo and Rainbow Bridge, the names, dates, and other records of their visits and activity there. We are in Indian reservations; one, Muir Woods, was a gift under the terms have cinder and lava mountain forms, exemplifying geologically recent of the act; two, Tumacacori and Chaco Canyon, were partial relinquish- volcanic activity. We have extraordinary canyons and caverns, lofty piles and monoliths, and natural bridges, magnificent and impressive INDEX. Page. Page.) Administration, papers on 80- Curry, Foster, remarks by 56-58 IOI, 108-119, 149-154, 190-194 Curtis, W. T. S., remarks by 126-129 Remarks on 8 Devils Postpile National Monument, descrip- Advertising: tion of 95-96 Remarks on 6,7,8,11-12 Devils Tower National Monument: See also Publicity. Description of 82-83 Arant, W. F., paper by 196-201 Protection of 97 Architecture, in relation to isolated improve- Drumming at Hot Springs, Ark., discussion ments, paper on 101-103 of 122 Arizona, Grand Canyon of. See Grand Can- Dust in- you National Monument. Yellowstone Park 7,23 Automobiles in parks, discussion of 28, 29-35 Yosemite Park 12 Bathhouses at Hot Springs, Ark., paper on 121-124 Dust preventives, discussion of 143-144 Beetles, damage to timber by 71-79 El Morro National Monument, description of 83 Big Hole Battlefield National Monument, Electric plant in Yosemite Valley, discussion location of 96 of 186 Bond, Frank, paper by 80-101 Engineering in relation to isolated improve- Brett, L. M., remarks by 154-155 ments, paper on 101-103 Brown, Oscar J., quoted on permanent Europe, travel to I7 camps 43 Fee, C. S., remarks by 11-13 Bruce, E. S., remarks by 63-65 Fire, protection from 113-114 Bryant, R. C., remarks by 53-54 Fisher, W. L., introductory remarks by 3-4 Buildings, sites and styles of IOI-IO2 Forest Service, relation to Interior Depart- Bureau of national parks, necessity for 111,126 ment 68-70 Camp Curry, Yosemite Park, description of 57 Forests, utilization and protection of 63-68, 113-114 Camp Lost Arrow, Yosemite Park, descrip- Forsyth, W. W.: tion of 57 Paper by 149-154 Camp Ahwahnee, Voscmite Park, description Remarks by 120 of 57 French, W. J., paper by 20I-205 Camps in Mount Rainier Park I7I Fry, Walter: in Yosemite Park 57 Paper by 186-190 Camps, movable, remarks on 48-54 Remarks by 32-33 Camps, permanent, in Yellowstone Park 41-48 General Grant Park. See also Sequoia and Canada, American visitors to 4-5 General Grant Parks. Cattle, pasturing of 114,120-121 Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument, Chaco Canyon National Monument: description of 93 Description of 85-86 Gilman, L. C., remarks by 16 Protection of 98 Glacier National Park: Chittenden, H. M.: Automobiles in 31,33 Quoted on method of appropriations 113 Development of 5,115 Quoted on use of troops in national parks. 117 Forest conditions in 64-65 Cinder Cone National Monument, descrip- History of and conditions in 161-167 tion of 92-93 Trails built in 165 Coaches, inspection of 62 Grades on roads in Yellowstone Park, 22 Colorado National Monument, description of 92 Gran Quivira National Monument: Protection of 100 Description of 90-91 Colorado River, Grand Canyon of. See Protection of 99 Grand Canyon National Monu- Grand Canyon National Monument: ment. Description of 93-94 Conger, P. H., quoted on transportation in Roads in 14 Yellowstone Park 24 Transportation to 15 Cooper, Thomas, remarks by 6-7,70 Graves, H. S., remarks by 66-68 Crater Lake Park: Hall, E. S., paper by 167-171 Automobiles in 34-35 Hallock, H. M., paper by 175-181 Development of 38-39 Hamilton, G. F., quoted on use of troops in Paner on national 6 208 INDEX. INDEX. 209 Page. Page. Page. Harvey, F. F., remarks by 15-16 Mukuntuwcap National Monument: Page. Soldiers, use of 116-118, 191-192 Haynes, F.J., paper prepared by 21-29 Description of 89-90 Wylie Permanent Camping Co., camps of 41-48 Sprinkling in Yellowstone Park, reference to 7 Yellowstone Park: Hickey, J. R., paper read by 21-29 Protection of 99 Steamboats, inspection of 61-62 Administrative conditions in Hill, L. W., remarks by 4-5,29-30,70 Myers, H. H., paper by 155-161 8 Steel, W. G., remarks by 34-35,38-39 Area of Hopkins, A. D., paper by National monuments: 21 71-79 Sullys Hill National Park, history of 194-196 Automobiles in Hot Springs Reservation: Administration of 80-101 28,30,31,B2 Sunderland, E. M.: Camps, movable, in Bathhouses at, paper on I2I-I24 List of 81 48-54 Paper by IOI-103 Camps, permanent, in Conditions at Natural Bridges National Monument: 41-48 127,133 Remarks by 121 Climate of Medical side of 175-181 Description of 87-88 21 Ternes, J. P., remarks by 55 Dust in Past, present, and future of 155-161 Protection of 98 Thompson, C. A., remarks by 2.3 30,31-32,33 Historical notes on Hotels: Navajo National Monument: Timber: 42-43 Proposed railroad through In Mount Rainier Park Description of 89 28-29 170 Insect damage to 71-79 Railroad rates to Provision for Protection of 6 114 99 Protection of, from fire 113-114 Roads in Hotels and camps in Yosemite Park, remarks Norris, J. H., paper by 145-148 22 Utilization of 63-68 Inspection of on 55-57 Park administration, papers on 108-119, 62 Tonto National Monument, description of 93 Sprinkling in Hughes, J. B., paper by 149-154, 190-194 7 190-194 Trailand road construction, paperon 134-145 Store concessions in Insect damage to timber, paper on Passenger rates, remarks on 6,12,110 36-37,39-40 71-79 Transportation Transportation in Inspection work, papers on Pasturing of cattle, discussion of 21-29 129-134, 145-148 14,120-121 In Yellowstone Park 21-29 Visitors to 26 Irvin, J. B., quoted on permanent camps 43 Permanent camps. See Camps, permanent. See also Railroads. Yellowstone National Park Transportation Jewel Cave National Monument, description Petrified Forest National Monument: Transportation equipment, inspection of 62 Co., operations of of 94 Description of 84-85 Trees. See Timber. 23,24 Yosemite Park: Keys, E. H., paper by 134-145 Protection of 97 Troops, use of 116-118, 191-192 Appropriations for King, W. E., quoted on permanent camps 46 Pinnacles National Monument: Tumacacori National Monument: 153 Automobiles in Klamer, H. E., remarks by Description of 87 31-32 35 Description of 88-89 Conditions in Lakes, transportation on 61-62 Protection of 98 Protection of 9,150-152 99 Construction work in 181-186 Lassen Peak national monument, description Platt Park, paper on 201-205 Uhler, George, remarks by 58-63 Dust in Private lands in national parks, discussion 12 of 92-93 Union Pacific Railroad, construction of branch Electric plant in 186 Lehmer, O. W., remarks by 8-11 of 118-119 line to Yellowstone Park 25 Hotels and camps in Lewis and Clark Cavern National Monument: Pryor, G. A., remarks by 36-38 Visitors to Yellowstone Park 55-57 26 Improvements needed in (0,12,153-154 Description of 88 Publicity: Wagons, inspection of 62 Rates and transportation to 9-10 Protection of 98 Paper on 103 Wakefield and Hoffman, operations of 23 Status of 6,7,8 150-152 Linnen, E. B., paper by 129-134 Remarks on Wells, A. G., remarks by 13-15 Young, S. B. M., quoted on use of troops in Logan, W. R., paper by 161-167 See also Advertising. Wheeler National Monument, description of 94 national parks 117-118 Lyall, Alexander, remarks by 39-40 Olinsted, F. L., letter from 19-20 Wright, Richard, paper by 171-175 Ziebach, C. M., paper by McFarland, J. H., remarks by 17-20,70,110 Oregon Caves National Monument, descrip- 194-199 Maps, need of III tion of 95 Marshall, R. B.: Railroad rates, remarks on 6,12,110 Paper by 108-119 Railroads, relation of, to national parks 4-17 Quoted on Glacier Park 163 Rainbow Bridge NationalMonument descrip- Remarks by 34 tion of 91 Maurice, W. G., paper by 12I-124 Road and trail construction, paper on 134-145 Medical side of Hot Springs Reservation, pa- Roads: per on 175-181 In national parks, remarks on 14 Mesa Verde Park: In Yellowstone Park, character of 7,8,22 Conditions in 115-116 Inspection of 62 Paper on 17I-175 In Yosemite Park 12 Miles, A. W., paper by 41-48 Rocky Mountains in Canada, American visi. Monida and Yellowstone Stage Co., opera- tors to 4-5 tions of 25,26-27 Schmeckebier, L. F., paper by 103-107 Montezuma Castle National Monument: Sell, W.M., remarks by 55-56 Description of 83-84 Sequoia National Park: Protection of 97 Enlargement of 115 Mount Olympus National Monument, de- Papers on 186-194 scription of 95 Sequoia and General Grant Parks, automo- Mount Rainier Park: biles in 32-33 Automobiles in 31 Shaw and Powell, remarks by R. E. L. Smith Hotels and camp in 170-171 representing 48-52 Road and trail construction in 167-169 Shericy, D. A., paper by 18x-136 Transportation in 169-170 Shoshone Cavern National Monument: Morro National Monument. See El Morro Description of 90 National Monument. Protection of 99 Movable camps. See Camps, movable. Sitka National Monument: Muir Woods National Monunent: Description of 9I Description of 86-87 Protection of 99 Protection of 97 Smith, R. E. L., remarks by 48-52 SECOND PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL CONFERENCE HELD YOSEMITE 16, OF GOVERNMENT WASHINGTON PRINTING OFFICE PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENC HELD AT YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK OCTOBER 14 15, AND 16, 1912. INTRODUCTION. On October 14, 15, and 16 there was held in the Yosemite Nation Park the second conference of departmental officials and other person interested in the development and administration of the national park There were present at this conference the superintendents of the vario parks, the principal Washington officers of the Department of the Int rior who handle national park matters, and representatives of t concessioners, of the transportation companies tributary to the park and of independent organizations that have been interested in the pro lems of park administration. All persons holding concessions in tl national parks were invited to be present and all of the railroads trib tary to the parks were invited to send representatives. Every importa: interest connected with the parks both on the side of the Governme: and on the side of the concessioners and railroads was adequately repr sented. The purpose of the conference was to consider all the questio: that arise in the administration of these reservations, in order that t department might be able to make such changes in the regulations an to foster such development as might be for the best interest of the publi It should be distinctly understood that the views herein expressed a those of the individuals presenting them, and that the department giv no official sanction to the facts stated or to the recommendations mad PERSONS ATTENDING THE CONFERENCE. Capt. J. B. Adams, assistant forester, Washington, D. C. W. F. Arant, superintendent Crater Lake National Park, Klamath Falls, Oreg. H.C. Best, Yosemite, Cal. W. M. Boland, superintendent Wind Cave National Park, Hot Springs, S. Dak. Frank Bond, chief clerk, General Land Office, Washington, D. C. J. T. Boyesen, Yosemite, Cal. Lieut. Col. L. M. Brett, acting superintendent Yellowstone National Park, Yello stone Park, Wyo. G. M. Brookwell, Los Angeles Real Estate Board, Los Angeles, Cal. L. E. Burkes, secretary Automobile Club, San Francisco, Cal. D. E. Burley, general passenger agent, Oregon Short Line Railroad, Salt Lake Ci Utah. J. J. Byrne, assistant passenger traffic manager, Santa Fe Railway. R. H. Chapman, acting superintendent Glacier National Park, Belton, Mont. 5 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. 7 A. D. Charlton, assistant general passenger agent, Northern Pacific Railway, Portland, C. H. Lovell, attorney for Wawona Road. Oreg. F. W. McCauley, Yosemite, Cal. Maj. Sherwood A. Cheney, Engineer Corps, United States Army. C.H. McStay, Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce. H. W. Child, Yellowstone Park Transportation Co., Yellowstone Park, Wyo. R.B. Marshall, Chief Geographer, Geological Survey, Washington, D. J. W. Coffman, Yosemite, Cal. George W. Marston, San Diego, Cal., representing American Civic Association. W. Colby, secretary Sierra Club, San Francisco, Cal. T. H. Martin, secretary Seattle-Tacoma-Ranier National Park Committee, Tacoma, R. Cole, Riverside Chamber of Commerce, Riverside, Cal. Wash. J.C. Conwell, secretary Automobile Dealers' Association, of Los Angeles, Cal., repre- H. A. Meyer, private secretary to the Secretary of the Interior, Washington, D.C. senting Occan to Ocean Highway Association. A. W. Miles, president Wylie Permanent Camping Co., Yellowstone Park, Wyo. D. A. Curry, Yosemite, Cal. Frank A. Miller, Los Angeles, Cal. J. B. Curtin, Sonora, Cal. E. H. Mormon, Wylie Permanent Camping Co., Yellowstone Park, Wyo. W. T. S. Curtis, Washington, representing certain Hot Springs lessees. John Muir, American Alpine Association, Martinez, Cal. Mrs. John Degnan, Yosemite, Cal. H. Myers, superintendent Hot Springs Reservation, Hot Springs, Ark. F. C. Dezendorf, Chief Field Division, General Land Office, custodian Muir Woods, Fernando Nelson, San Francisco Motorist. San Francisco, Cal. P. M. Norboe, State engineer, Sacramento, Cal. E. W. Dixon, inspector, Department of the Interior, Washington, D. C. E. T. Off, Pasadena Chamber of Commerce. F. C. Drum, Yosemite, Cal. O. K. Parker, engineer for Automobile Club of Southern California, Los Angeles, Cal. Coert DuBois, district forester, California. E. T. Parsons, representing Mazamas Mountaineers, Seattle, Wash. Ralph Earle, Pathé Freres, New York. A. C. Pillsbury, 783 Mission Street, San Francisco, Cal. Edwards, Secretary, Coulterville Road, Cal. P. H. Price, Santa Barbara Chamber of Commerce, Santa Barbara, Cal. Dr. L. R. Ellis, member federal registration Board, Hot Springs, Ark. Hon. John E. Raker, House of Representatives. Charles S. Fee, passenger traffic manager, Southern Pacific Railroad, San Francisco, Cal. Miss Vera C. Riley, United States Land Office, San Francisco, Cal. Walter L. Fisher, Secretary of the Interior, Washington, D. C. Ringland, district forester in charge, Grand Canyon. George Fiske, Yosemite, Cal. R. K. Roberts, secretary Motor Car Dealers' Association, San Francisco, Cal. Ex-Senator Frank Flint, representing Southern California Automobile Association, N. L. Salter, Yosemitc, Cal. Los Angeles, Cal. Wm. F. Schmidt, general western agent, Missouri Pacific; St. Louis, Iron Mountain & D.K. Foley, Yosemite, Cal. Southern Railway; and Denver & Rio Grande Railroad, San Francisco, Cal. Col. W. W. Forsyth, acting superintendent Yosemite National Park, Cal. W. M. Sell, Yosemite, Cal. W.J. French, superintendent Platt National Park, Sulphur, Okla. David A. Sherfey, engineer, Yosemite National Park. Walter Fry, head ranger Sequoia National Park, Three Rivers, Cal. S. E. Shoemaker, superintendent Mesa Verde National Park, Mancos, Colo. Miss S. C. Geary, sccretary Automobile Club of Southern California, Los Angeles, Cal. Gabriel Sovulewski, supervisor Yosemite National Park. W. H. Gorham, representing Mountaineers, Seattle, Wash. W. Steel, Portland, Oreg. P. H. Greer, president Automobile Dealers' Association of Southern California, Los Ternes, Tacoma Baggage & Transfer Co., Tacoma, Wash. Angeles, Cal. F. W. Thompson, general western agent Rock Island Lines, San Francisco, Cal. S. Hall, superintendent Mount Rainier National Park, Ashford, Wash. Ucker, chief clerk Interior Department, Washington, D. C. Maj. H. M. Hallock, medical director, Hot Springs Reservation, Hot Springs, Ark. W. L. Valentine, representing Southern California Automobile Association, T. George B. Hanson, Southern Pacific Railroad, San Francisco, Cal. Johnson Building, Los Angeles, Cal. F. F. Harvey, manager dining car service, Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway, R. F. Waddell, United States land office, San Francisco, Cal. American Bank Building, Kansas City, Mo. Percy J. Walker, president State Automobile Association, San Francisco, Cal. C. A. Hawkins, White Automobile Co., San Francisco, Cal. C.A. Washburn, Wawona, Cal. F. J. Haynes, concessioner, Yellowstone Park, Wyo. Washburn, Wawona, Cal. H. H. Hays, Wylie Permanent Camping Co., Yellowstone, Wyo. R. B. Watrous, secretary American Civic Association, Washington, D. C. J. F. Hickey, Tacoma, Wash. Col. Harris Weinstock, representing San Francisco Chamber of Commerce, San Fran- J. R. Hickey, Monida & Vellowstone Stage Co., Vellowstone Park, Wyo. cisco, Cal. James Hughes, Chicago, Milwaukee & Puget Sound Railroad, Tacoma, Wash. Capt. W. M. Whitman, acting superintendent Sequoia and General Grant National D. W. Hutchins, Riverside Chamber of Commerce, Riverside, Cal. Parks, Three Rivers, Cal. Chris. Jorgensen, Yosemite, Cal. Dr. Willistear, Pasadena Chamber of Commerce, Pasadena, Cal. W. E. Kelly, Interior Department, Washington, D. C. R. M. Yost, Pasadena Chamber of Commerce, Pasadena, Cal. O. W. Lehmer, general manager Vosemite Valley Railroad, Merced, Cal. C. M. Ziebach, acting superintendent Sullys Hill National Park, Fort Totten, N. Dak. M. O. Leighton, Chief Hydrographer, Geological Survey, Washington, 8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. 9 MORNING SESSION, OCTOBER 14. kind. They all raise questions which are very similar in the different parks, and yet there is no way of coordinating these matters and bringing Secretary FISHER. Gentlemen, we may as well come to order. This, to bear for the benefit of all other parks the experiences of any particular as you know, is the Second Annual National Park Conference, the first park, or the successes or failures of particular park superintendents or having been held last year at the Yellowstone, and I am very glad to other officials. see so many of you present here this year. There has been no machinery whatever in the Secretary's office for We are meeting one day in advance of the formal announcement, I this purpose; and so by process of elimination, by force of circumstances, believe, as it was not sure that I could get here from Honolulu before the administration of the national parks has been intrusted primarily, so to-morrow, so that a day's leeway has been given. We know there are a far as routine details are concerned, to the office of the chief clerk. That very considerable number of people coming up during the day. office is very heavily burdened with other matters of detail in the city of The conference is called to discuss the various questions relating to Washington. It has the handling of the ordinary clerical details of the the administration of the national parks and issues that have to do office of the Secretary of the Interior and the handling of the clerical with their proper management and development. There are a great matters that come up to that office from all the different bureaus and many questions to be talked about. Last year we had a number of subdivisions of the department. formal papers. We felt at that time that, being the first conference, it In the very nature of the case, it has been impossible for the chief clerk's would be desirable to indicate somewhat the character of the questions office to give the attention to these matters which their importance we wished to talk about by having formal papers prepared by a number demands. The offices of the chief clerk and of the Secretary itself have of people on different topics of interest. It was felt that in that way never been equipped to handle these matters, if it had been possible to we would get before the conference suggestions that would lead to give them the necessary time and attention. Many of the problems are expressions of opinion or experience or advice from various members engineering in their character; many of them relate to the broader of the conference with regard to the problems that were confrouting aspects of park development. The landscape questions, the questions any particular park or any official of the parks. relating to the forests and streams in the forest-sanitation and the con- The situation regarding park administration has not changed in a struction of buildings of various kinds, both for park administration and radical manner during the last year. It was, I think, the unanimous for the accommodation of the traveling public-all require special quali- opinion of those who attended the conference last year that the national fications on the part of those called upon to administer them, with respect parks of this country would never be properly administered until we had to which Congress has afforded no facilities whatever to the Secretary of established something in the nature of a national park bureau or other the Interior. method of centralized administration. It was fully appreciated then by Now, as I have said, the discussion of these matters last year resulted those who were present, not only those connected with the Government in a practically unanimous opinion-unanimous as far as I am aware; service but those outside of that service who had to do with park matters, no dissension of any kind appeared to exist with relation to the mat- that the system or lack of system that was then in effect was perfectly ter-a unanimous opinion that we should organize or secure from Con- hopeless. gress the means to organize some form of centralized administration. As you know, the national parks have never had any method of cen- The agitation for congressional action was taken up and supported by tralizing their administration. They have grown up, like Topsy, and various organizations and individuals. It received support from the nobody has taken any care of them as a whole. Each individual park press of all kinds throughout the country-from the newspaper press has secured from Congress that amount of appropriation and that degree and from all the weekly and monthly publications which were interested of attention that local influence was able to obtain in that body. The at all in public matters. It received the support of various influential administration and the Secretary's office in Washington have called the individuals and organizations. The American Civic Association, whose needs of the parks to the attention of Congress from time to time, but so secretary is here meeting with us again, as its president was last year, far as I have been able to ascertain at that time or since, the parks as a made it rather the particular subject of its annual meeting last year. A whole have never had their matters pressed upon the attention of Congress considerable discussion occurred and resolutions were passed. Its until last year. Each of these parks has problems that are also problems president, Mr. McFarland, and its secretary, Mr. Watrous, together in other parks-questions of road construction, bridge construction, care with others connected with it, gave such active support and influence as and maintenance of the roads and bridges and trails, the concessions with they could to the passage of a bill by Congress. A bill was prepared, regard to liotels, transportation, photography, and other matters of that introduced in the two Houses of Congress, and apparently given favor- 10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. 11 able consideration by the committees to which it was referred, but con- outset. We are going to take up the automobile question on its merits ditions at the last session of Congress were such that it was impossible and in due course. The ordinary methods of agitation have been em- to procure any actual legislation on the subject. ployed, and my secretary, I think, has finished opening a number of tele- The discussion with regard to inadequate appropriations produced a grams, substantial copies of each other, which the automobile associa- little result in some instances. We got a little start toward an increased tions have thought might have some influence on this gathering or on appropriation for the Yosemite, but the policy of the Democratic party, the Secretary. Of course an official letter by the executive officers of particularly in the direction of reduced appropriation on the theory of these organizations would have had just the same effect and saved con- cutting down expenses of the Government, of course, naturally stood in siderable expense. However, if the gentlemen who are interested wish the way, as a general principle. It was very difficult to get any consider- to show their interest by paying for telegrams, I have no possible objection ation, and I may say that increased park appropriations did not receive to that course. I doubt if I shall have time to read them all; but I shall the vigorous support of some of the gentlemen of another party-my own have my secretary classify them, and any that contain anything besides party-that I would like to have seen. I am not discussing the question a desire that the parks shall be open to automobiles I will look at. Per- as a political matter at all, but merely reciting the facts. The result was haps to-day the best thing to do is to hear informally, publicly, from the that we failed to get either the increased appropriations or the remedial various park superintendents with regard to those matters that they legislation that we very much need. I think, however, we have made a would like to call before the conference as a whole, particularly as to con- substantial beginning in the growth of public sentiment, in calling the ditions since our last meeting, and a general discussion of any of the ques- matter to the attention of Congress in an effective way, and I am not tions that may be presented can be had later-either this afternoon or without hope that at the coming session of Congress we may be able to get at some other time, to be determined at the end of this meeting. We some action taken. There was some difference of opinion with regard to will later have an executive meeting of the park superintendents, at the particular form of the action that should be taken-as to whether which they may wish to discuss some of the questions that they think there should be a bureau created or whether we should at first, at least, should be presented in that way. simply take steps that would enable us to get more effective work in the To-morrow morning, if we do not find reason to change the plans Secretary's office without the creation of a bureau-I mean, whether and have then progressed far enough with the other program, we will Congress might not prefer the second alternative, and confine its action to hear from the transportation people, the railroad representatives and the passage of the necessary appropriations to enable us to employ park others, and from the gentlemen who are interested in the automobile. experts and engineers to assist in the administration of these affairs in the In that connection, I would suggest to the latter gentlemen, if possible, Secretary's office, together with some additional assistance on the clerical and I see no reason why it is not possible, that they agree upon, say, two side for that express purpose. I think a very considerable sentiment or three persons who will present the special matters in which they are existed in favor of the latter plan. I know that many Members of Con- interested, and thus avoid unnecessary repetition of arguments or sug- gress in speaking to me expressed the opinion that the National Park gestions. Bureau should be created, but that possible it might be necessary at first Again expressing my appreciation that SO many of you have found it to proceed in the way that I have just indicated. interesting and convenient to come here, especially those who are not in Now, we have very many questions to discuss here to-day; some of the official service of the Government, I will declare this meeting open, them are subjects for open sessions and some of them for executive ses- and start by asking Col. Brett, as the representative of the park that sions. There are questions of very great importance affecting all the perhaps stands out most in the public eye in point of interest and attend- phases of park administration. One of the important questions now ance, to begin the meeting by telling about the conditions in the Yellow- before us is the question of the admission of automobiles to national stone Park as they are now and the changes that have occurred since parks and the terms upon which they should be admitted if they are to be our last meeting. admitted, either to this park or to any other park. That, as I have said, is Col. BRETT. Mr. Secretary, Superintendents, and others: The need a very important question. It is by no means the only question. It is for a bureau of national parks was particularly emphasized in the by no means the most important question we have to discuss, but there Yellowstone this season and in the latter part of the season of I9II. are a considerable number of individuals here who are enthusiastic users On the ist day of August, 1911, all the money that had been appro- of the automobile, and I suppose they regard it as a matter of first impor- priated for roads, bridges, sprinkling of same, and general improve- tance-possibly they think it was the purpose for which this conference ments was exhausted. There was not a rainy day in August of 19II. was called. If so, it is just as well to disabuse them of the idea right at the The consequence was that the surfacing of the roads practically blew 12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. 13 away. The engineer officer in charge thought that $10,000 would Col. BRETT. Yes, sir; I think that new transportation company carried replace that surface. When he started in this season, after the appro- something like 209 passengers. I haven't the exact figures, but I talked priation became available, lie found that $10,000 had gone a very with Mr. Holm. He felt very much encouraged. He didn't think that short way, which demonstrates the fact that we ought to have a bureau was a bad beginning for a new enterprise. The Wylie Co. also estab- of national parks in which there is a fund to meet such emergencies as lished a permanent camp-another station-and by the experience of were met in the case of the Yellowstone and to prevent any such exces- last year it has decided to put, if approved by the department, a camp sive waste. Now, there was not a cent of money available in our park down near the eastern entrance, below the Sylvan Pass, and I think it until some time in July. Then there was a portion-only one-twelfth would be a first-rate thing. There is no doubt but that there is going to of the former year's appropriation. Well, the engineer officer said lie be a healthy increase in travel from that entrance. couldn't do anything with that, because he couldn't equip his crews The SECRETARY. What happened in regard to the lake transportation? to get into the park, and no material good was accomplished until the Were the steamers there put in satisfactory shape, and did they operate regular appropriation was available. Now, to meet the conditions and during the season? to insure the park being open to tourist travel, I placed 200 enlisted Col. BRETT. Yes, sir; on schedule. men of the command out in that park, and we repaired the roads, the The SECRETARY. Was there an increase or decrease in the travel? bridges, and filled up all the washouts, and there were some wash- BRETT. Increase, sir. outs as big as this building, right down through the high, steep grades. The SECRETARY. I don't know that there is any other question in We went to work and we either threw in enough rocks or bridged it connection with the Yellowstone which occurs to me at the present over. On the road between the north entrance, which is Gardner, and time. If there is anyone here who has any matter in connection with Mammoth there is a moving hill. It is a clay hill on an inclined plane. that park in which they are especially interested, we would be very glad We measured it. It moved over 8 inches in two days, and we liad on to hear from them now. Otherwise, I will ask Col. Forsyth if he will an average of 40 men working on that thing off and on for several tell us what the conditions are in this beautiful park in which we are months. That piece of work did not cost the United States one cent, holding this conference. and we came pretty near filling up the Gardiner River and throwing Col. FORSYTH. The season just ended in the Yosemite has not been a away that hill. season with as much travel as heretofore. For the last two or three Now, these are propositions that must be faced and they ought to be years, up to this summer, the travel has been about 13,000 in round faced before the roads are allowed to deteriorate further. We hope, with numbers, but this summer it has fallen off over 2,000. Now that falling the appropriation granted this year, just to be able to get the roads back off in travel I think can be attributed to a number of causes. The old where they were, and the appropriations for the entrances and the main residents of the valley here tell me that the sunimer of a presidential road are considerably over $100,000, which just simply demonstrates campaign always reduces the travel in the Yosemite Valley, and we what an extravagant method of park administration we are up against have had such a summer. now, because there is no way of checking the waste. Those were the The road from El Portal up here has been kept sprinkled all summer, only main points, Mr. Secretary. and the pleasure of reaching the valley has not been marred in any The SECRETARY. What was the attendance last year at the park, way. There has been no annoyance from dust on that road at all. Colonel? There are a number of things in connection with the Yosemite that Col. BRETT. 22,739. it seems to me should with propriety be discussed at this conference. The SECRETARY. And how did that compare with the previous year? There is a proposition now in Congress to change part of the boundary Col. BRETT. That was 72 less than the previous year. line. I think we might to advantage discuss the desirability of that. The SECRETARY. Substantially the same? Of course, the automobile question in connection with this park is one Col. BRETT. Yes, sir. of the matters for discussion, and the general question of a bureau of The SECRETARY. We made some changes in the Yellowstone with national parks seems to be, from my several years of service here, an regard to the general regulations and there were some arrangements made urgent necessity. The arguments are all in favor of it. I can think by way of adjustment of conflicting interest with relation to the entrance of no reason against it. As a business proposition it is very clear that from Cody. Do you know in the practical operation, during the season, the parks have increased SO in number and variety that a bureau of about how it worked? national parks has now become simply a matter of business. We should have such a bureau. 40 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. 41 citizens of a country that possessed such gigantic and magnificent Union-more natural resources than any other State in the Union, even scenery and things as we have in the Yellowstone, the Glacier, this the State of California. beautiful, majestic, grand Yosemite, and all these other natural wonders. Now, our reputation has been against us, but with our great faith, and I think the idea of seeing America first is one of the finest propositions with the good that has been accomplished, Mr. Secretary, and with the that has ever been indulged in. As an American citizen, I think the administrative support that we have been receiving during your admin- foremost want, Mr. Secretary, for the proper administration of these istration, during the present administration of President Taft, there is parks, a rational administration, is an intimate acquaintance upon the no one now but that admits that the Arkansas Hot Springs have im- part of the heads of the department with the immediate conditions in proved wonderfully, and are improving every day. We have nothing each particular park. From my observation last year and this year, special to talk about. There are some things we wish to talk to you and having visited other parks during other years, I am firmly convinced privately about. You may be able to diagnose our troubles and give that no particular rule or fixed policy will avail at all the different parks. us a remedy. We think we know what is the matter. Our notion of In other words, that the Mesa Verde must have special legislation or a governmental management is the same as a cominercial or corporation special rule. What would apply to this park would have no application management, Mr. Secretary. Select your subordinates, and hold them to Hot Springs, and vice versa. In other words, the Secretary or the responsible, and accept their recommendations as final-no appeal Interior Department has heretofore, it seems to me, been sort of scat- therefrom. tered. There should be a concentration of effort and a concentration The SECRETARY. Gentlemen, that problem which I thought my friend of the management of these parks, all of which would bring about a Myers was going to touch upon, and which he carefully avoided, namely, condition of much improvement. The best way to illustrate that would that one of separating the sheep from the goats, will I presume be re- be perhaps to relate an ancedote. I was out in a western State a few served for the later session. If anyone has anything to suggest or any years ago, campaigning for a great political party. I made 40 speeches questions to ask in regard to the Hot Springs that are fit for publication, in this particular State, and it went 40,000 the other way. On one of we will hear them now, while otherwise we will adjourn until the press my visits I was traveling across the country with a Senator who was blind. representatives are not present. He made a speech at one particular place and we were driving to another, Now, we have left the national monuments, which are different from and on the way I noticed a tremendous big field and a big herd or flock the national parks, although not so different from some of them, because of hogs-I don't know which you would call it. When I noticed them one of the chief differences between the national parks and national first they were dashing across the field and then in a moment or two they monuments is supposed to be that Congress never makes any appropria- were dashing across the other way, running back and forth, helter- tions for national monuments except a purely nominal one for all of skelter, and I called the attention of my companion to it and I explained them. I believe the national monuments are in the same class with what it was. Sullys Hill, then; but nevertheless there are some interesting problems Presently I saw an old man who owned the farm, and I asked him what connected with them, and we would like to hear from Mr. Bond what was the matter with his logs. He said, "I lost my voice last winter, changes, if any, have occurred in national monument affairs since last and the only way I could get my hogs to the barn to be fed was to take year. We have, of course, one national monument which is knocking a little stick and knock it on the barn, and since that these consarned at the door, and I am glad to see Mr. Harvey here, because Mr. Bond woodpeckers have got so bad my hogs are just about crazy." There was may have to say something about the Grand Canyon of the Colorado. a lack of concentration. If the woodpeckers could all have been con- Mr. BOND. Mr. Sccretary, nothing has occurred during the last year centrated on one tree the hogs wouldn't have gone wild. If this con- with regard to national inonuments. Our history has been the same as centration of park supervisorship were developed into a reality, an for the past several years, since 1906. We have had some complaints inspector of parks should come around-I wouldn't choose that job as to visitors in a few of the monuments, and a strong request has gone because from visitations I have made to these parks in the past, Mr. Secre- forward for some effort to stop this sort of work. The El Morro Monu- tary. I am ready to throw up my white flag and say not for me. It ment down in New Mexico, which is covered with inscriptions, some takes too long to get through some of them. There are many things dating back nearly 300 years, is being defaced by the people who want which I am sure would be very useful. Speaking of reputation-our to inscribe their personal names and dates. There are thousands now State has, I may say, suffered because of its reputation-the Arkansas on that monument. Unless they are removed, as I recommended at Traveler-the greatest misnomer-Arkansas is the greatest the the Yellowstone last year, very soon valuable inscriptions will be lost. During the last year the department made its annual recommendation 42 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. 43 for $5,000 for the administration of national monuments. The House Park. We will have a public session to-morrow morning at half past 9, committee, in accordance with precedent, ignored the matter; the Senate and at that time we will take up first the transportation question and after committee made recommendations, and the Senate itself approved it, that the automobile discussion. Before, however, we adjourn this morn- but the appropriation was lost in conference. That has been practically ing, I think we should hear from Mr. John Muir, who, I see, has come in the practice now, ever since the national monument law was passed. since the meeting convened. There was, however, in one case a bill introduced by the Hon. Carl MUIR. Mr. Secretary, I don't want to start making a speech. They Hayden to appropriate $25,000 for the protection of the Tumacacori will all be hungry before I stop. Isn't this lunch time? Monument. That is an old Spanish mission church in Arizona and is of The SECRETARY. We are going to have a speech from you unless you great interest. It is in bad condition at the present, and the name writers decline. If you would rather postpone it until some other occasion- have covered its walls, as in the case of the El Morro Monument; and I Mr. MUIR. I think that would be better than to have it just now. A want to say, in connection with this, that while the General Land Office Scotchman can't just touch it and let it go. He has to discourse as they approved the purpose in general of the bill of Mr. Hayden, I think that call it and hang on like grim death. legislation of that character should not be undertaken. I think the The SECRETARY. We will expect to hear from you to-morrow morning appropriation should cover all monuments; that is, a lump sum should when we open the session if that will meet your convenience. If Con- be appropriated to this department or to the Secretary of the Interior. gressman Raker is here we would be glad to have a word from him now In the case of this bill, I think it would not be improper to say that the or later. amount appropriated was very excessive. It was at least twice as much Mr. RAKER. There are some matters about which I would like to hear as needed for the purpose. The bill also provided for a salary for cus- some further discussion. There are matters in relation to the improve- todian which was far in excess of necessity. If we are going to undertake ment of the parks as it appears to me and the question of transportation to make separate appropriations for the various national monuments, and entrance into the parks, and I was thinking that personally I would we are going to get a great deal more money than we can use, and I think like to hear from some of the men who are possibly personally interested there is only one way, and that is to make a general appropriation and as well as those who take it from a governmental standpoint. I would allow its disbursement to be made by the Secretary, in his discretion. like to hear the subject discussed, and while I individually have fairly We are still living in hopes that the concentration recommended last clear ideas on the subject, at least to myself, I would like to hear some year will be carried out ultimately. I think, from all that I could get of the discussion from the others first, and while I am not a Scotchman, upon that subject, that there is a strong following in Congress favorable my people, my class of people, are in the same way; when we get started to it, of which the Secretary himself is best advised. I believe that is on a matter we like to run it down, hear both sides, and know that we all I have to say, Mr. Secretary. will not unconsciously give one side the advantage of the other, the The SECRETARY. Any other remarks with regard to national monu- whole subject depending upon the facts, and in justice to the general ments? Mr. Harvey, have you anything to tell us about the Grand community, thus having placed ourselves, we feel like knowing ourselves Canyon? Has there been any change since last year? I have heard of like the bulldog at the root, grabbing there and hanging until we pull no particular movement in Congress. that one out, then at another one to dig that out until we get the bad tree Mr. HARVEY. Nothing I know of. They are still building that road down, and we think these matters ought to be taken up and discussed along the rim. in the same line. I am a little sorry that the automobile question and The SECRETARY. Mr. Leighton, are you prepared to read the paper you the matters pertaining to that could not be taken up some time later referred to now, or would you postpone that till this afternoon? We are this afternoon, so we would have more time to go over it to-night and going to have an executive session. to-morrow, but, of course, the Secretary, I realize, is busy and we will Mr. LEIGHTON. I think it would be better this afternoon. I have a abide by his time. formal paper which perhaps will only take three minutes, and the rest The SECRETARY. As far as that is concerned, if the automobile people will be largely discussion on other subjects. are all here at that time and they want to wait around until we get The SECRETARY. Then, I think we will adjourn until this afternoon at through the executive session, we will be very glad to take the matter half past 2. The plan I think best for this afternoon is to have the up at that time, but it is important that we have the executive session, executive session of park superintendents, and perhaps not undertake and it seems better to have it this afternoon than to-morrow or some to do anything more at that time. The others who are here will have time later, and I did not think you would like to do that. We expect the opportunity during the afternoon to see something of the Yosemite to be here over to-morrow, and if necessary to hold a session on Wed- 144 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. syth and his engineers check it, and then I intend under my official obligation to decide as between any points of difference which may then still exist what I think should be done. If it is necessary to enable me to decide it intelligently to have some one else examine it who is not representing either you or the Army engineers, this will be done. What I am after is the facts, and I am going to be just as critical in examina- tion of the gentlemen opposed to the automobile as I have been in INDEX. examining those in favor of them. Mr. McSTAY. The Automobile Club of Southern California, when the Secretary gets to the certain point where his hands are tied-it is going Page. Advertising, discussion of Page. 50 Marshall, R. B., remarks by to take money-let me tell you that we are a live organization- Automobiles, discussion of , 125-127 58-144 Martin, T. H., remarks by Arant, W. F., remarks by 23-26,97,142 not only our southern California people, but California is full of live 27, Matson, - remarks by 83-84 109, 122-124, 127-128, I37 Mentzer, C.I., remarks by 73-77 organizations who are in a position in assist the Secretary in securing Boland, W. M., remarks by 36-37 Mesa Verde Park, conditions in 30-31 Bond, Frank, remarks by these funds, which are absolutely necessary. You put the question to 41,104 Monuments. See National montments. Boundaries of Vosemite Park, discussion of 97-100 Mordecai, - remarks by SI-82 us or made the statement that it would probably be necessary for that Brett, L. M., remarks by 11-13 Mount Rainier Park, conditions in 21-27 Byrne, J. J., remarks by $40,000 road. I understand Capt. Whitman's position. Capt. Whit- 48-50 Muir, John, remarks by 43 Burley, D. E., remarks by 52 Myers, H. H., remarks by 38-41,134-135 man knows that that lower road is the natural, practical, scenic road. Chapman, R. H., remarks by 18-21 National monuments, condition of 41-42 Chariton, A. D., remarks by He knows that the expenditure of $40,000 will open up the highest 53-54 Nelson, Fernando, remarks by 90-91 Cheney, S. A., remarks by 92 Parker, O. K., remarks by 68 grades of the mountains of the Sequoia Park and he doesn't want to Child, H. W., remarks by 52 Parsons, E. T., remarks by 58,141 Colby, W. E., remarks by temporize. He wants the proper road opened. I believe lie has got the 137-141 Patented lands, discussion of 97-100 Coulterville & Vosemite Turnpike Co., Ict- Pillsbury, A. C., remarks by 115-117, proposition, and I want to say that if the Department of the Interior ter from 74 1.121.122.143 Crater Lake Park, automobiles in 122- Platt Park, couditions in will avail itself of what assistance we can give in securing the necessary 27-30 124,127-128,137 Private lauds, discussion of 97-109 legislation, we will be very glad to take it up good and strong. Curtin, J. B., remarks by 68-73,97-98,100-109 Publicity, discussion of 50 Dezendorf, F. C., remarks by The SECRETARY. Don't use that "if." The department will welcome 142-143 Railroad rates, discussion of 49 Estes Park, automobiles in 125 Raker J. E., remarks by 43-14 your assistance. I said in the beginning and all the way through that Fee. C. S., remarks by 45-47.55 Rates, railroads, discussion of 49 Flint, Frank, remarks by 61-68 Schmidt, W. F., remarks by that is what we want. Get busy. Forsyth, W. W., remarks by 54 13-18, Sequoia and General Grant Parks, autono- With that we will adjourn. 90-91, 99-100, 102, 102-104, 106-109, 130, 129-130 biles in 111-122 French, W. J., remarks by 27-30, 130-131 Conditions in Fry, Walter, remarks by 31-35 32-34,113,117-119 Shoemaker, S. E., remarks by Glacier Park, conditions in 30-31 18-21 Steel, W. G., remarks by 96,142 Grazing, regulation of 106-108 Sullys Hill Park, conditions in 35-36 General Grant Park. See Sequoia and Gen- Valentine, W. L., remarks by 121 eral Grant Parks 31-35 Walker, P. J., remarks by 77-81,131-136 Hall, E. S., remarks by 21-23 Watrous, R. B., remarks by 93-96 Harvey, F. F., remarks by 55 Watson, remarks by 66-68 Hawkins, C. A., remarks by 85-89,92 Weinstock, Harris, remarks by Hot Springs, conditions at 77 38-41 Wind Cave Park, conditions in Hotels in Yosemite Park, discussion of 36-37 17-18,47 Whitman, W. M., remarks by Hughes, James, remarks by 31-33, 56-57 III-113,I21,128 Lehmer, O. W., remarks by 51-52,89 Yellowstone Park, conditions in Lovell, C. H., remarks by 11-13 8a Voscmite Park, boundaries of, discussion of McLean, M. H., letters from 97-109 74-75 Conditions in McStay, C. H., remarks by. 85, 13-18 143-144 Ziebach, C. M., remarks by 35-36 95735°-13-10 145 O PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE HELD AT BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA MARCH 11,12, AND 13 1915 OF WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE SOIK PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE HELD AT BERKELEY, CAL., MARCH 11, 12, AND 13, 1915. INTRODUCTION. On March 10, 11, 12 there was held at Berkeley, Cal., the third con- ference of the department officials and other persons interested in the development and administration of the national parks. Two previous conferences have been held, one at Yellowstone National Park on Sep- tember 11 and 12, 1911, and one at Yosemite National Park on October 14, 15, and 16, 1912. There were present at the Berkeley conference the superintendents of the various parks, the principal Washington officials of the Department of the Interior who handle national-park matters, and representatives of the concessioners, of the transportation companies tributary to the parks, and of independent organizations that have been interested in the problems of park administration. All persons holding concessions in the national parks were invited to be present and all of the railroads tributary to the parks were invited to send representatives. Every important interest connected with the parks, both on the side of the Government and on the side of the con- cessioners and railroads, was adequately represented. The purpose of the conference was to consider all the questions that arise in the administration of these reservations in order that the department might be able to make such changes in the regulations and to foster such development as might be for the best interest of the public. It should be distinctly understood that the views herein expressed are those of the individuals presenting them, and that the department gives no official sanction to the facts stated or to the recommendations made. The meetings on the 11th and 12th were held in California Hall of the University of California. The meeting on the 13th was held at the Southern Pacific Auditorium, on the grounds of the Panama- Pacific International Exposition. The department desires to express its appreciation for the courtesies extended by the authorities of the University of California, by the members of the Sigma Chi Frater- nity, and by the officials of the Panama-Pacific International Ex- position. 3 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. PERSONS ATTENDING THE CONFERENCE. 5 W. B. Acker, assistant attorney, Department of the Interior, Washington, Joseph N. Le Conte, president Sierra Club, Berkeley, Cal. D. C. O. W. Lehmer, general manager Yosemite Valley Railroad, Merced, Cal. Horace M. Albright, secretary to Stephen T. Mather, Washington, D. R. B. Marshall, Chief Geographer United States Geological Survey, Depart- ment of the Interior, Washington, D. T. Warren Allen, Chief of Division of National Park Roads, Office of Public Roads, Washington, D. C. T. H. Martin, secretary Tacoma Chamber of Commerce, Tacoma, Wash. Arthur Arlett, representing the governor of California, Berkeley, Cal. Stephen T. Mather, assistant to the Secretary of the Interior, Washington, D. C. A. G. Batchelder, chairman executive board, American Automobile Associa- tion, Washington, D. C. C. P. Meinecke, Office of Forest Pathology, Bureau of Plant Industry, Depart- ment of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. Henry G. Bates, Pacific Telephone & Telegraph Co, San Francisco, Cal. Enos Mills, Estes Park, Colo. Thomas W. Brazell, supervisor Wind Cave, National Park, Wind Cave (via Hot Springs), S. Dak. Guy E. Mitchell, Chief Executive Division, United States Geological Survey, Department of the Interior, Washington, D. C. L. M. Brett, acting superintendent Yellowstone National Park, Yellowstone James K. Moffit, regent University of California, San Francisco, Cal. Park, Wyo. Chester B. Campbell, custodian Petrified Forest National Monument, Adamana, D. McGlashan, district engineer, United States Geological Survey, Depart- ment of the Interior, San Francisco, Cal. Ariz. John II. Carroll, general attorney C., B. & Q. R. R., representing Great North- John Otto, custodian Colorado National Monument, Grand Junction, Colo. ern Railway and Glacier Park Hotel Co., St. Louis, Mo. W. Parks, superintendent Hot Springs Reservation, Hot Springs, Ark. Mrs. E. T. Parsons, Berkeley, Cal. A. D. Charlton, assistant general passenger agent Northern Pacific, Portland, A. F. Potter, Associate Forester, United States Forest Service, Department of Oreg. Agriculture, Washington, D. C. Denver S. Church, Congressman seventh district California, Fresno, Cal. O. R. Prien, chief ranger, Yosemite National Park, Yosemite, Cal. William E. Colby, secretary Sierra Club, San Francisco, Cal. Ralston, supervisor Glacier National Park, Belton, Mont. David A. Curry, Yosemite, Cal. John Reese, Ashford, Wash. W. T. S. Curtis, representing certain Hot Springs lessees, Washington, D. Thomas Rickner, superintendent Mesa Verde National Park, Mancos, Colo, Mark Daniels, general superintendent and landscape engineer of National Richard Schaffer, representing E. Lounsbury & Co., Yosemite, Cal. Parks, San Francisco, Cal. A. B. Davis, San Francisco, Cal. Cal. W. Gillette Scott, executive secretary Inyo Good Roads Club, San Francisco, George R. Davis, geographer, United States Geological Survey, Department W. M. Sell, sr., Raymond, Cal. of the Interior, Sacramento, Cal. W. M. Sell, jr., Yosemite, Cai. Coert Du Bois, district forester, United States Forest Service, Department of John J. Sheehan, supervisor Mount Rainier National Park, Ashford, Wash. Agriculture, San Francisco, Cal. David A. Sherfey, resident engineer Yosemite National Park, Yosemite, Cal. A. II. Eaton, manager The Kiser Co., Portland, Oreg. Mrs. John D. Sherman, General Federation of Women's Clubs and chairman of H. W. Edelson, Pacific Telephone & Telegraph Co., San Francisco, Cal. conservation department, Chicago, Ill. J. Arthur Elston, Congressman sixth district California, Berkeley, Cal. Sneed, superIntendent Platt National Park, Sulphur, Okla. Roe Emery, Glacier Park Transportation Co., care of The White Co., Cleve- Gabriel Sovulewski, supervisor Yosemite National Park, Yosemite, Cal. land, Ohio. Will G. Steel, superintendent Crater Lake National Park, Medford, Oreg. Chas. S. Fee, passenger traffic manager Southern Pacific Co., San Francisco, J. J. Sullivan, entomological ranger, Bureau of Entomology, Department of Cal. Agriculture, Washington, D. C. Amos A. Fries, Corps of Engineers, engineer officer in charge of road con- Thomas Thorkildsen, Los Angeles, Cal. struction, Yellowstone National Park, Yellowstone, Wyo. W. Thornton, Yosemite, Cal. Walter Fry, superintendent Sequoia National Park, Three Rivers, Cal. P.J. Walker, president California Automobile Association, San Francisco, Cal. Howard Greenley, architect, New York City. John Weightman, Kalispell, Mont. Hanna, general agent Santa Fe System, San Francisco, Cal. Benjamin Ide Wheeler, president University of California, Berkeley, Cai. Ford Harvey, Santa Fe System, Kansas City, Mo. George Whittaker, Yellowstone Park, Wyo. George Hayworth, Chief of Field Division, General Land Office, Department John H. Williams, Tacoma, Wash. of the Interior, San Francisco, Cal. Robert S. Yard, Department of the Interlor, Washington, D. C. F. J. Haynes, president Yellowstone Western Stage Co., St. Paul, Minn. J. R. Hickey, vice president Yellowstone Western Stage Co., St. Paul, Minn. San Francisco, Cal. Richard R. Young, assistant to the general superintendent of national parks, A. D. Hopkins, in charge forest insect investigations, Bureau of Entomology, Charles M. Ziebach, superintendent Sullys Hill Park, Fort Totten, N. Dak. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. W. L. Jepson, associate professor of dendrology, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. 7 MORNING SESSION, MARCH 11. welcome is that it shall be brief as possible. We have attended con- ferences and teachers' institutes in Fresno and some other places The conference was called to order at 10 o'clock a. m. by Mr. down the valley, where they have talked to us for half a day wel- James K. Moffit. coming us to what they call Our city." There is no need of my Mr. JAMES K. MOFFITT. trifling with you at all in any such way. You are here for serious business, as serious men, and you know that I am glad that you are Before the more formal address of welcome, I have been asked here and that this place is at your disposal. If there is anything to greet you on behalf of the board of regents of the university, we can do here for you, it shall be done. and I do most heartily. We feel that it is most fitting to have It is not here alone that you are welcome. You are welcome to the you meet here on our cainpus at Berkeley, and this great university great heart of the University of California, spread all throughout in its academic work is indeed your colaborer in all of the sciences this State. This university is the chief pride of this State. If you engineering, botany, geology, forestry, and entomology. But it is say anything against it, you will be drummed out of the State. only as far as the university succeeds in coordinating and standard- You better not say anything against it until you are safely over the izing these many activities, in SO far as she is able to create standards, Reno frontier. The State knows perfectly well that through all its achievement, and research, that she believes that she fulfills her attempts, failures, and partial successes there is one thing that it mission as a teacher, as a servant of the State and the Nation. On has received credit for, certainly, unquestionably, and that is the another side, too, we claim kinship with you. In the earliest days university. It is the chief pride of the State deservedly. It is a mass of the university, those days that I think we can name best by calling of scattered buildings. You see the new in the form of bright, white them the days of Prof. Joseph Le Conte, this university has been granite rising upward from the midst of the older buildings. It concerned with the love of the mountains, the mountain lakes, and has been obliged to provide itself with room here because it has been the mountain parks of this glorious State. We feel justified that growing very rapidly. It has outgrown utterly its old equipment. from the university, as the center, has gone out the stimulus to the In a dozen years it has changed from what you would call a small people of the State that has made the people as a whole love the college to a university assuming to give instruction in all the various outdoor mountain life of the State in such measure, a love that has branches of science. found practical, forceful expression in these organizations of later It is widely differentiated. It exists not alone here at Berkeley. years, like the Sierra Club of California. It has a biological station, for instance, at La Jolla in San Diego. I do not wish to take any thunder from the speakers that come It has a great and rapidly developing station at Riverside for the after me, but I can not help calling attention to the happy occasion study of citrus fruits, their growth and diseases; there is also located of this meeting. Now, your honored Secretary of the Interior, Hon. there what we call the graduate course in semitropical agriculture. Franklin K. Lane, his former assistant, now one of the members At Santa Monica there is a forestry station. Coming up toward of the Federal Reserve Board, Mr. Miller, and the present assistant the north at Fresno we have a farm of fifty-five hundred acres that in charge of national parks, are all sons of the University of was given to us for agricultural education. It is not perfectly clear California. how we shall handle that in the future. It is used in part already as It is my great pleasure and privilege to have known these men an experiment station. Sometime it will be the site of a branch of and to have been a fellow student with them here at Berkeley. I some kind for agricultural education. The Lick Observatory on now take pleasure in introducing to you the head of our university, Mount Hamilton is the graduate department in astronomy of this President Benjamin Ide Wheeler, who will formally welcome you university. It was placed in our hands by the State years ago. The to the campus and to the university. State now supports it. It bears the name of Lick because Lick Dr. BENJAMIN IDE WHEELER, President of the University of provided it with appliances and a telescope. At Davis, 25 minutes out of San Francisco, we have a farm school California. and a place where our agricultural students can have about 6 months I am glad to see you here. I am here to give the formal welcome, of their course for the study in particular in the subjects that can which means the cold welcome, I suppose, the formal and the cold be only taught in the presence of a farm with its equipment. Over being of about the same value. What I want in this address of in the city we have all sorts of institutions, a school of pharmacy, a 8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. 9 school of dentistry, a school of law, and a school of medicine. That, are trying to do is for all. We are trying to do the best we know particularly, in recent years has developed greatly, and has a strong how. We give you all a hearty welcome here. foundation upon modern requirements in medical education. We are expending about $200,000 a year as a subsidy for the school of medi- MR. MOFFITT. cine. We are spending $500,000 a year, a little over, for agricultural education and research. This is an institution that can hardly tell The name of Stephen T. Mather is not a new one to us here in what its range is without referring to numbers, and I know how Berkeley or in California. Mr. Mather's business activities have delusive numbers are. taken him for many years to Chicago, but, as in many cases, absence Here on the grounds of the university you will see floating about from California has only brought closer to him its needs and has in all parts hundreds of students. Look into the library building be- brought him more closely in touch with those who have had the tween hours and you will find four or five hundred students sitting activities of the State in charge. The University of California, the there reading. There are fifty-three hundred students right on this alumni, and the students who have passed through Chicago going campus now. For instance, over yonder in North Hall, you will find East and coming West have had no stronger friend than the Hon. at this particular hour eighteen hundred students in the classrooms. Stephen T. Mather. He has been a man you always felt ready to There are fifty-three hundred of them in attendance at the uni- call upon for counsel and aid. It was a source of great gratifi- versity proper. We have what we call a graduate school and an un- cation when he, through his love for the mountains, coming here dergraduate course. It is the largest body of undergraduate stu- year after year and making extended trips throughout the Sierras dents anywhere in the United States by a considerable amount. Our of this State, consented to enter the national service. graduate school numbers 700. Taking it all together, the number of I now take pleasure in introducing Mr. Stephen T. Mather, As- students we are dealing with, counting our summer sessions, and the sistant to the Secretary of the Interior, in charge of national parks different persons that are involved, are over 9,000. Our number of of the United States. students this year may be said to be slightly over 9,000. We are STEPHEN T. MATHER, Assistant to the Secretary of the Interior. urging a further agricultural extension course, and our regular course in the university extends to about 75,000 people here in this When I asked Secretary Lane if I could hold a conference of the State. That is our range so far as figures will show it. Wherever park superintendents, of which two had already been held in pre- the university is we welcome you to it. With all of its purposes and vious years, 1911 and 1912, my thought naturally turned here to with all of its outlook, I welcome you to it. I know perfectly well Berkeley. I felt that here was the place, especially this year, with that we have your sympathy, and we are trying to do for all what the thoughts of the country on the great exposition, to hold this you are trying to do. conference, and that this would be the natural place for all of the The university is a great deal bigger thing than it used to be. superintendents to come. When I telegraphed out here and asked The concept of the university has grown in years enormously. We permission of President Wheeler to use one of the university build- are no longer training callow boys who are spending four years of ings, or one of the halls for this purpose, he responded most heartily. rollicking. We are no longer undertaking to create a few persons I want to now publicly thank him for giving us this opportunity to who shall regard themselves as gentlemen, members of the four meet here. I would like to tell all of you a little bit more about the leading professions; but we are engaged in working for the com- atmosphere of this wonderful institution. I want to thank also the munity and are trying to bring to that community succor and help members of my own fraternity, who so willingly threw open their according to its needs. That is the movement everywhere. What- house as an abiding place for our superintendents, supervisors, and ever we are trying to do to-day, we shall try to do more somewhere members of the official party from Washington. It has been said else a few years hence, because, in the adaption of education to the that the fraternity lives unto itself. I think this little incident alone needs of human life and the needs of society, great things take is proof of the fact that the college fraternity has broadened out, not place all the time. We can hardly keep up with progress. We are only in university life but in public life generally. The boys in this undertaking to do for these students that come to us what it seems case gave up their house and went elsewhere, and gave us the oppor- to us best to do under the circumstances, and there is spread abroad tunity to have that peculiar home life that otherwise we could not throughout all of this student body an atmosphere of willingness enjoy. heln We a cooperative household. and what we 10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. 11 We expect as we meet there day after day and have our meals together around the board, to develop that same fraternity life, and When the question arose of installing a power plant near one of the make a fraternity that will be of value to us personally and to the lakes in Glacier National Park members of the Geological Survey Nation as a whole. were ready to furnish me with a report on the amount of water avail- I want to read a telegram which I have just received from my able as a result of stream measurements inade through a long period honored chief, Secretary of the Interior Franklin K. Lane: of years, besides giving me a clear idea of the proposed site of the plant. Again, through the Bureau of Entomology of the Department Please convey my heartiest greetings to the members of the conference. I feel that this opportunity for the exchange of ideas and suggestions will be of of Agriculture, I could learn in what portions of our own Yosemite great benefit in our effort toward betterment of the national park service, and dangerous insect pests were attacking the forests, and SO I might go 1 have great hopes that the result will be to make the service much more on reciting case after case where I have been able to obtain informa- efficient and to make our wonder places more truly national playgrounds and tion from other bureaus of the various executive departments which more easily accessible to all our people. has aided me in my administration of the national-park system. I have another telegram from the American Civic Association: My own enthusiasm has also been kindled by the interesting ma- The American Civic Association sends hearty greetings to the national park terial which has come to me from the employees of the department, conference, with carnest wishes for sessions of great profit to the Nation in several of whom have been working on nation-park problems under the larger administration and exploitation of the great scenic area set aside half a dozen different Secretaries. for national recreation. We stand ready to assist in all movements that will The Secretary of the Interior directly administers the parks. The encourage a larger use of our parks by the people of all the States of the Union. Secretary is personally responsible; but SO many different duties Let us make them service parks in every respect. devolve upon him that it is hard for him to find time to devote It is with some diffidence that I come before a conference of this to the parks. As Assistant to the Secretary he has delegated me to kind, before these superintendents, many of whom are long in years those duties which it is physically impossible for him to perform. He of service in their work, and particularly in view of the fact that I can not undertake them in addition to the other tremendous problems have only been a little over a month in the national service. The that are pressing in on him. only excuse that I can plead is that I have had some interest and love I have had some thoughts in regard to the future of the parks, and for all of the parks, and had visited some of them before I assumed I am trying to meet the problems as they come up. But I realize the duties of my office. And I am now trying to make an extensive that we must all work together, whether it be our own officials repre- study of the tremendous problems that have been coming before me. senting the Government, the concessionaries, or the railroads that All of the problems that are arising are intensely interesting. Each are reaching the parks. The parks must be, of course, much bet- day brings up something new and in delving back through the ter known that they are to-day if they are going to be the true national-park records in the Department of the Interior many inter- playgrounds of the people that we want them to be. There is much esting propositions are brought to light, nearly all of which offer that can be done in making them better known. There are many opportunities for constructive work. ways in which they can be brought home to the great mass of eastern I have been very fortunate in this work in having the very hearty people. Something along that linc has already been done. We are support of all my associates in the department. I am just realiz- fortunate in having, outside of the Government itself, a great many ing for the first time what a wonderful fund of information there people who are giving freely of their time and energy to this end. is right there in Washington that has been gathered from all over Three or four of the leading lecturers of the country are taking for the country. The United States Geological Survey, which is doing their themes the national parks, and several powerful organizations, the great work of mapping out our whole country, has many men particularly the General Federation of Women's Clubs, are devoting who come in during the winter months from all over the country. their time and energy unselfishly to the end that these great play- If I want to find out something about Mount Rainier (and Mount grounds shall be made better known to all the people. Rainier is a wonderful spot in itself, and no man knows it more I am sure that the Government is going to have, through such per- thoroughly than does John H. Williams, who has written that great sons as these, a tremendous amount of help. These people, just from story about it), I can call on one man who has done the topographical their love of the mountains and the open country, are willing to give work on the north side, others who have donc it on the south side, the much of their time and attention to this matter, and can do a great west or east sides, and get the information that I want. deal of good. I know of one man alone who has given practically half of his time in PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. 13 12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE. him, "Why did you hit that little man?" The prisoner replied, ter known. There have been writers in the leading magazines "Judge, suppose I called you a big Irish slob?' The judge says, and weeklies who have given their personal attention to stirring "I am not." 'Suppose I called you a German slob?" The judge people up to the possibilities of these parks and have given first- replied, "I am not a German slob." "Then, suppose I call you the hand information regarding them. That work has already borne kind of a slob that you are?" I feel somewhat as if the name of that fruit. In this connection I want to specially mention Mrs. John man might be applied to me, but I might be able to get out of it some- Dickinson Sherman, chairman of the conservation committee of the thing like the prisoner did in a certain case that I read of. The at- General Federation of Women's Clubs, who has worked unceasingly torney for the defendant pleaded very strenuously for him. He on behalf of the parks for several months. The pamplilet she has said, 'Your Honor, this man only put his hand through the window issued on national parks is extremely valuable, and the work she has and took the jewels out of the case. It was the man's hand that com- done has already reflected itself in the way of activity in the different mitted the offense, and you can not blame the ego for what a mere State organizations of women's clubs. A man from Boston has writ- limb did." The judge scratched his head and said, "I think you ten me that lie has had SO much success with national-park lectures are correct about that; I dc not believe the man ought to be blamed that he confines himself largely to this topic instead of devoting his for what he did, so I will sentence the hand and the arm to State's time to different subjects. I think it is the duty of all who are in the prison for 10 years. Will that be all right?" Thereupon the pris- Government service to do their part toward turning the thoughts of oner unscrewed his wooden arm and hand and left the court room a people in their direction. To the superintendent comes a great bur- free man. den of responsibility, because it is largely his duty to see that every I am not going to make any extensive comment upon a subject tourist goes away from the park in the right frame of mind. about which you know a great deal more than I. I merely want to The Secretary himself has made it very clear that the question of say that I am most happy to greet you here in Berkeley. President creature comforts is important in our parks. Scenery is a splendid Wheeler has given you a welcome to the university, and I welcome you thing when it is viewed by a man who is in a contented frame of mind. to a place which has a peculiarly sympathetic atmosphere. This is Give him a poor breakfast after he has had a bad night's sleep, and the place where John Muir, once, I suppose, the greatest exponent he will not care how fine your scenery is. He is not going to en- of national parks, made his headquarters. This is where he had his joy it. particular group of intimate friends. This is where William Keith Now this is only desultory sort of talk. I have not had any time to pictured all of the beauties of one of our national parks, and the great prepare a set speech. Our little official party since it started from natural landscapes all over this coast. Here we have had Prof. Washington has been on the go every minute. Joseph Le Conte, who has made pathways over some of the most in- It may be of interest to you to know that the next man who is to accessible mountain regions in California. Here we have William speak to you is an enthusiastic member of the Sierra Club, a great Colby, who is a member of a unique organization which has adver- lover of the parks, and a man whom we are sure, when he gets down tised the mountains of this State and the United States to a degree to Washington, will be of very great service to us in the Halls of that no other agency has done. The Sierra Club has done a great Congress; a man whom we are going to call on frequently when deal to bring to the attention of the public the natural beauty spots it comes to the solution of national park problems. There are many of this State and other places on the Pacific coast. It has been a things we have coming up in Congress. During the short time that great agency for the dissemination of information regarding our I have been in the office I have had to make two or three visits to national parks and places of beauty. Perhaps it might be said that Congress in connection with park problems; and it was pretty strenu- the Sierra Club is the foundation of the idea for the establishment of ous work. When Hon. J. Arthur Elston comes down there we are national parks themselves. going to keep in close touch with him. I now have the pleasure of I have not had very much to do with going about in your national introducing him to you. He will speak to you on the value of our parks, but I have always been a great lover of the out of doors; and it national parks. has been my great pleasure to learn from many intimate friends of HON. J. ARTITUR ELSTON. these national parks the laws that create them, and matters of that kind, with which I am not very familiar; but I want to tell you right Mr. Secretary, ladies, and gentlemen, Mr. Mather has put me to now that, as far as lies in me, as far as lies in the power of any first- some slight disadvantage by his announcement of my subject. I feel term Congressman-you who have read Mark Twain a great deal very much like the prisoner who came up before the judge. who asked DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FRANKLIN K. LANE, Secretary THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE STEPHEN T. MATHER, Director PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE 4 HELD IN THE AUDITORIUM OF THE NEW NATIONAL MUSEUM Washington, D.C., January 2, 3, ,4,5, and 6, 1917 OF THE WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1917 11 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. INTRODUCTION. The Fourth National Parks Conference was held in the auditorium of the National Museum, Washington, D. C., on January 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, 1917. In connection with it the First Exhibition of National Parks Paintings was opened in the national gallery on the second floor of the building, and various exhibits were on view in rooms on both sides of the entrance lobby. Because of the extensive advance in the movement to develop our national parks since the third conference at Berkeley, Cal., in March, 1915, the present conference was greatly broadened in scope and pur- pose. The creation by Congress in August, 1916, of the National Parks Service to administer the national parks as a coordinated system made it desirable to consider the whole subject afresh from the broadest possible viewpoint and to summon in consultation the best thinking and experience in the country. It was hoped that the conference would result in a body of expert discussion and advice which would prove helpful in the formulation of the broader policies necessary to realize the greater future of our national parks which Congress had in view in the creation of the service. To this end Members of Congress who have specialized on national parks, representatives of cooperating clubs and associations, edu- cators of national outlook, specialists in forestry, natural science, and wild-life conservation, and men and women in professional and busi- ness life interested in the recreational, artistic, inspirational, eco- nomic, and other phases of the question were invited to join in con- ference with officials of the department and the new service, the supervisors of the parks, and the concessioners. The program was designed to cover as many outlooks as possible, with specialist speakers. A reception for the promotion of acquaint- ance was held in the national gallery Tuesday evening on the occa- sion of the opening of the exhibition of paintings. The evenings were 1 2 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. devoted to popular lectures illustrated with lantern slides and motion pictures of national parks subjects. The conference was successful in all respects. It became increas- ingly enthusiastic and developed a spirit of cooperation which promises well for the future. An important element in its success was the hearty cooperation and invaluable assistance of the secretary PROGRAM. and officials of the Smithsonian Institution. TUESDAY, JANUARY 2. This report of proceedings contains a wealth of creative suggestion. Stephen T. Mather, Assistant to the Secretary of the Interior, presiding. MORNING SESSION, 9:30. OUR NATIONAL PARKS. Franklin K. Lane, Secretary of the Interior. Senator Reed Smoot of Utah. Representative Scott Ferris of Oklahoma. Representative Irvine L. Lenroot of Wisconsin. Representative William Kent of California. Carl Vrooman, Assistant Secretary of Agriculture. AFTERNOON SESSION, 2.15. DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL PARKS. Enos Mills: "The national parks for all the people." Mrs. John Dickinson Sherman, conservation chairman, General Federation of Women's Clubs: "Women's part in national parks development." Huston Thompson, jr., Assistant Attorney General: "The public and the national parks." Prof. Lowell Jackson Thomas, Princeton University: "Typical develop- ment at Mount Rainier." EVENING SESSION, 8.15. Opening of the first annual exhibition of National Parks paintings in the galleries of the National Museum. WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 3. Robert Sterling Yard, presiding: EDUCATIONAL DAY. MORNING SESSION, 9.30. George D. Pratt, conservation commissioner of the State of New York: Organized out of doors." Prof. E. M. Lehnerts, of the University of Minnesota: "University classes in the national parks." 4 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. 5 Philander P. Claxton, United States Commissioner of Education: "Public schools and the national parks." E. Lester Jones, Superintendent Coast and Geodetic Survey "Future of the J. Horace McFarland, president American Civic Association: "Economic antelope." destiny of the national parks." T. S. Palmer, assistant in charge of game preservation, Bureau of Biological Survey: "National monuments as wild animal sanctuaries." AFTERNOON SESSION, 2.15. Belmore Brown, Camp Fire Club: "Climbing Mount McKinley." Dr. Charles D. Walcott, secretary Smithsonian Institution: "National parks EVENING SESSION, 8.15. as a scientific asset." Arthur E. Bestor, president Chautauqua Institution: "Organized popular Illustrated Lecture on Mount McKinley by Stephen R. Capps, Geologist, United education." States Geological Survey. Herbert Quick, member of Federal Farm Loan Board: "The author and the national parks." Gilbert II. Grosvenor, editor National Georgraphic Magazine: "Teaching by FRIDAY, JANUARY 5. picture." William I-I. Holmes, head curator, National Gallery of Art: "The painter and MORNING SESSION, 9.30. the national parks." Rev. Charles W. Gilkey, of Chicago : "Spiritual uplift of scenery in na- Stephen T. Mather, Assistant to the Secretary of the Interior, Presiding. tional parks and the Grand Canyon." THE QUESTION BOX. EVENING SESSION, 8.15. J. B. Harkin, commissioner of Dominion parks, Department of the Interior, Illustrated lecture by Herbert W. Gleason. Canada "Canadian national parks." AFTERNOON SESSION, 2.15. THURSDAY, JANUARY 4. Dr. H. M. Rowe, president American Automobile Association, presiding: MORNING SESSION, 9.30. Enos Mills, presiding: MOTOR TRAVEL TO THE PARKS. RECREATIONAL USE OF THE NATIONAL PARKS. George C. Diehl, chairman A. A. A. Good Roads Board: "Touring, a by- product of roads building; or roads building, a by-product of touring." W. A. Welch, chief engineer Palisades Inter-state Park: "The making of a Cortlandt Field Bishop : "American versus European scenic assets." recreational park." Orville Wright: "Air routes to the national parks." J. W. Barber Winter sports in the national parks." A. W. Seaman, Long Island Automobile Club: "Transcontinental touring Mrs. Ada F Chalmers: "Family hiking in the national parks." equipment." Dr. Hugh M. Smith, Commissioner of Fisheries: Fish and fishing in the Frank A. Davis, secretary-treasurer National Old Road Trails: "Sign post- national parks." Ing the highways and byways." Marion Randall Parsons, Sierra Club: "Living in the national parks." David G. Joyce, chairman A. A. A. Touring Board. "Multiplication of American road travel." AFTERNOON SESSION, 2.15.. EVENING SESSION, 8.15. John B. Burnham, president American Game Protective and Propagation Illustrated lectures by II. II. Hays and Judge Will G. Steel. Society, presiding: WILD ANIMAL LIFE IN THE NATIONAL PARKS. SATURDAY, JANUARY 6. Henry S. Graves, forester and chief, Forest Service: "National forests and Stephen T. Mather, Assistant to the Secretary of the Interior, presiding. national parks in wild life conservation." MORNING SESSION, 9.30. Charles Sheldon, chairman game preservation committee, Boone and Crockett Club: "Mount McKinley." THE GRAND CANYON. E. W. Nelson, Chief of Burean of Biological Survey "The Yellowstone and Representative Simeon D. Fess, of Ohio: " Colossus of canyons." the game supply." Dr. George Otis Smith, Director U. S. Geological Survey: The Survey's contribution to the national park movement." 2053 6 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. Ford Harvey : 'The public and the Grand Canyon." Charles Sheldon, chairman game preservation committee Boone and Crockett Club: "Glories of the Cataract Canyon." L. Claude Way: "Practical problems." AFTERNOON SESSION, 2.15. THE GREATER SEQUOIA. FIRST EXHIBITION Representative Frederick H. Gillett of Massachusetts: "The problem of the OF Greater Sequoia." NATIONAL PARKS PAINTINGS E. O. McCormick, vice president Southern Pacific Co.: "National parks and the railroads." CATALOGUE OF A LOAN COLLECTION OF 45 PAINTINGS ILLUSTRATING SCENES MAINLY Euos Mills: "Perhaps our greatest national park." IN THE NATIONAL PARKS AND MONUMENTS OF THE UNITED STATES, ASSEMBLED Emerson Hough: "The top of America-Mount Whitney." BY THE DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR IN THE NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART IN Robert Sterling Yard "The Tehipite Valley and Kings Canyon." CONNECTION WITH TITE MEETING OF THE NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE HELD IN THE NATIONAL MUSEUM, JANUARY 2-6, 1917. EVENING SESSION, 8.15. Bear stories by Euos Mills. This exhibition was opened with a special view on the evening of January 2. Illustrated lecture by Dr. Harry O. Reik. On January 16 one painting was withdrawn, and on January 30 fourteen paint- ings were returned to the owners. The remaining thirty will continue on exhibi- tion in the main room of the gallery, new building of the National Museum, until after March 4. Those withdrawn are indicated by an asterisk. DEAN BABCOCK: *The Twin Sisters. *A Glimpse of the Range. The Explorers. *The Crags. Scenes in the Rocky Mountain National Park. (Lent by the artist.) ALBERT BIERSTADT: Mount Whitney. The Sequoia National Park. (Lent by the Minneapolis Institute of Arts.) Whyte's Lake, Estes Park, Colo. The Rocky Mountain National Park. (Lent by the Art Association of Indianapolis, John Herron Art Institute.) HOWARD RUSSELL BUTLER: *Sunrise near Mesa Verde. The Mesa Verde National Park. Sunshine and Shadow in The Grand Canyon, Ariz. Grand Canyon National Monument. (Lent by the artist.) ELLIOTT DAINGERFIELD : Trees on the Rim of the Grand Canyon, Arizona. From Rim to Rim of the Grand Canyon, Arizona. (Lent by the artist.) W. HERBERT DUNTON : *Late into Camp. *The Hunter's Supper. The Start for the Hills. (Lent by the artist.) J. R. FOUNTAIN : Crater Lake, Oregon. The Crater Lake National Park. (Lent hv the Southern 8 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. 9 ALBERT L. GROLL: ARTHUR J. E. POWELL: Laguna Pueblo. St. Marys Lake. New Mexico. (Lent by the National Gallery of Art.) Grinnell Lake and Glacier. JAMES HENRY HARPER: LUCIEN W. POWELL: Scenes in the Glacier National Park. (Lent by the artist.) Sunset on the Oregon Trail. Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone. (Lent by the artist.) W. VICTOR HIGGINS: The Art.) Yellowstone National Park. (Lent by the National Gallery of *Chile Venders, Taos. WILLIAM RITSCHEL: Pueblo of Taos, New Mexico. (Lent by the artist.) Awakening of The Grand Canyon of Arizona. THOMAS HILL: CARL RUNGIUS: (Lent by the artist.) Yosemite Valley. The Yosemite National Park. (Lent by the Southern Pacific Co.) Near Timberline, Bridges Forest Reserve, Wyoming. BIRGER SANDZEN The Yellowstone National Park. (Lent by the artist.) SYDNEY M. LAURENCE: The Trapper. *Sunset in the Mountains, Colorado. Alaska. The Rocky Mountain National Park. Mount McKinley. *The Arapahoes. Alaska. The Rocky Mountain National Park. (Lent by the National Gallery of Art.) *Sunset in The Grand Canyon. Arizona. WILLIAM R. LEIGH: Grand Canyon. (Lent by the artist.) E. SERBAROLI : Arizona. (Lent by Snedecor & Co.) *Mount Tamalpais. THOMAS MORAN California. (Lent by Hon. William Kent.) J. H. TWACHTMAN : A Rocky Mountain Solitude. The Rocky Mountain National Park. (Lent by the artist.) *Waterfall, Yellowstone Park In the Graud Canyon of the Colorado, The Yellowstone National Park. (Lent by the City Art Museum of Arizona. (Lent by the National Gallery of Art.) St. Louis.) WALTER UFER: Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone. Indian Gardens. The Yellowstone National Park. (Lent by the artist.) Grand Canyou of Arizona on the Santa Fe. PETER VAN VEEN: The Grand Canyon, Arizona. (Lent by the artist,) (Lent by the Atchison. Topeka & Santa Fe Railway.) DE WITT PARSHALL: *Mount Rockwell, Glacier National Park. The Hermit Creek Canyon, The Grand Canyon. (Lent by the artist.) F. BALLARD WILLIAMS: Arizona. (Lent by the Worcester Art Museum.) Isis Peak, The Grand Canyon. Grand View, The Grand Canyon of Arizona on the Santa Fe. Arizona. (Lent by the Syracuse Museum of Fine Arts.) (Lent by the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Rallway.) Granite Gorge, The Grand Canyon. Arizona. (Lent by the Toledo Museum of Art.) SHELDON PARSONS: *Morning in the Canyon. The Grand Canyon, Ariz. (Lent by the artist.) F. C. PEYRAUD: Afternoon in The Grand Canyon. Arizona. (Lent by the artist.) EDWARD H. POTTHAST: The Chasm. The Grand Canyon, Ariz. (Lent by the artist.) *Bright Angel Canyon of Arizona on the Santa Fe. The Grand Canyon, Ariz. (Lent by the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway.) NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. TUESDAY, JANUARY 2, MORNING SESSION. SUBJECT, " OUR NATIONAL PARKS." The opening session of the conference was convened at 10 o'clock on the morning of January 2, 1917, with Hon. Stephen T. Mather, assistant to the Secretary of the Interior, presiding. THE PRESIDING OFFICER, STEPHEN T. MATHER. The conference which it is my great pleasure to open this morning should be one of deep significance both in the economic and spiritual life of the American people. Our national parks are still unknown and undeveloped in the broader sense, because this Nation has re- mained unconscious of the mighty development within itself. Like the bursting of the chrysalis, suddenly our childhood falls away. Suddenly we realize our national self, our power, and our responsi- bilities. Suddenly we put aside childish things and step forward into the vigorous stride of manhood. Among the many evidences of this tremendous change is the awakening of the Nation to the enormous and neglected opportunities offered by its incomparable national parks, areas of accessible scenic sublimity which in extent and variety are unmatched in all the rest of the world together. Hence the recent activities in this part of work of the Department of the Interior. Hence this conference to consider the ways and means to realize the fullest destinies of the national parks. Momentous changes have been executed in national parks organi- zation to meet the certain and swift demands of the future. The reorganization of the internal economies of the Yosemite, the Mount Rainier, and the Yellowstone National Parks have been accomplished, as models for all the rest, on a basis of Government partnership with concessioners which guarantees self-support in the not distant future. For our national parks will ill fulfill their natural destiny if they are to remain a charge upon the Nation's treasury. Their inevitable destiny is to become an asset economically, as well as an incomparable source of pleasure and education and spiritual uplift. Congress has promptly responded to the movement in the public interest. Last August it passed a bill creating a bureau in Wash- ington for the proper and businesslike administration of the new public charge. We now_celebrate the birth of the National Park Service. 12 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. 13 The department's efforts to meet the future's demand must not, Better still, they can be turned into men; men who love the open however, exhaust themselves in financial and economic efficiency. In and know how to live in it; men who have its spirit in their souls; a hundred ways the national parks will touch vitally the intellectual men who are bound to their country by ties which those who live in and spiritual life of this people. It is iny hope that this conference cities do not know; men who have been taught by great red granite will shed a white light upon the way. cliffs, by blue mountain lakes, by stretches of purple desert and by I have the honor to present the Ilon. Franklin K. Lane, Secretary the close study of the long processes of nature-the grinding of the of the Interior. glacier and the cutting of the tiny stream-that a grand thing, a HON FRANKLIN K. LANE, SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR. beautiful thing, a noble thing comes slowly, whether it is a noble canyon, a noble character, or a noble nation. Mr. Chairman, ladies, and gentlemen of the conference, it gives me THE PRESIDING OFFICER, STEPHEN T. MATHER. great pleasure to grect you this morning at the opening of the first National Parks Conference, and out of your deliberations I expect One of the strongest and best friends that the national park sys- will como not only a new enthusiasm for the development of these tem has among the national legislators has honored us with his great public playgrounds but suggestions that will insure their presence here to-day. This distinguished Representative of a West- greater popularity; for parks without people are a burden, not a ern State in the United States Senate has been for years interested benefit. in the promotion of the national park system, and has been a con- Some of you are park superintendents. It is your business to make sistent advocate of scientific business management in the operation the best use possible of the money Congress gives for the building of of this park system as national playgrounds for the American people. roads and trails; it is your business also to see that the hotel manager It early became evident to our honored guest that an absolutely and the camp manager and the transportation manager furnish the indispensable necessity for the success of the system was a bureau kind of service which the parks require to make them popular places or service to manage the national parks. Not only did he believe in for all classes. It is your business to suppress the ugliness which men this principle, but he put his theories into action, and since the year of a mere commercial turn are always fostering and to bring into 1912 he has introduced in every Congress a bill looking toward the relief the beauties and grandeurs of nature for which these parks have enactment of legislation that would provide for such a bureau or been saved. You represent Uncle Sam as host toward the people of service. And he has urged on every possible occasion the enactment all nations who wish to see how grand and wonderful a land this is. of a measure to provide for this proposed bureau, which should be Uncle Sam, we are proud to boast, is generous, hospitable, con- under the direction of the Department of the Interior, and which siderate, competent, courteous, and democratic. IIe is neither a snob should have for its sole function the handling of the national parks. nor a sycophant nor a coward, but an upstanding gentleman who Among the first bills introduced in the Senate in the Sixty-fourth respects others because he respects himself; and as he respects him- Congress was the national park service bill, framed and presented self he respects the man who knows his job. So the call on you as by this friend of the national parks. It SO happened, however, that Uncle Sam personified as host is somewhat large, and if you and your 1. measure, drawn and introduced in the House by the Public Lands rangers can not realize it to the full at all times I know that a kindly Committee as a result of bills introduced by Congressman Raker public will not expect the impossible. and Congressman Kent, secured favorable passage by the House Many of you have come long distances and at much expense to tell before the Senate bill had been acted upon; and our guest urged us what can be done to make our parks realize their mission or to the early passage of this bill by the Senate, and helped to secure its give us a truer appreciation of them. We thank you for coming. passage by that body. Uncle Sam needs volunteers in his park service as well as in his Army He is interested in national parks, and he is interested in the set- and Navy service. ting aside of national monuments. Several of the largest and best These are days when WC are taking stock of all our resources, not of these national monuments are located in the State which he for days of war only but for the larger days of peace. And the represents, among them the wonderful Mukuntuweap, which con- Rocky Mountains and the Sierra are just as real resources as the tains Little Zion Canyon, or what is coming to be popularly Mesaba Range or the oil fields of Oklahoma. They can be turned known as "The Desert Yosemite." Through an appropriation re- into money, if you please-millions of money every year for rail- cently obtained, this monument is now being made accessible to 14 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. 15 I now have the honor to present to you the Hon. Reed Smoot, ing the great Government of the United States, and every courtesy United States Senator from Utah. should be extended by them to the people who come to visit the wonders of the parks. Hon. REED SMOOT, SENATOR FROM UTAH. I never went into a national park in my life and looked at the Mr. Chairman, ladies and gentlemen, if my memory serves inc mountains, their formation, their grandeur, their beauties, whether in winter or in summer, but that I was reminded of the words of the right the first bill I introduced in the Senate creating a National Park Service was on December 17, 1911, and every session of Con- poet which seem to me a complete and fair description of a mountain. They are as follows: gress since.that time I have reintroduced a bill for that purpose. I became convinced early in my life that there was nothing that would Yesterday thy head was brown, as are the flowing locks of love in the bright make man realize his littleness more than by seeing and recognizing blue sky. the power of God's marvelous creations of nature, and nowhere can I watched thee towering giant-like above. Now thy summit's white and hoary, glittered n'er with silver snow, that be better demonstrated than by a visit to our national parks, Which the stormy wind hath shaken from its robes upon thy brow, for in them are to be seen many of the most marvelous creations of And I know that youth and age are fraught with such mysterious meanings our Maker. As the days are linked together one short dream but intervening. In 1911 we had 12 national parks. I think we now have 16. We My friends, in December, 1911, at a meeting of the American Civic had at that time 28 national monuments, and, by the way, some of Association I had the honor to speak on the subject of national them should be national parks instead of national monuments. I parks, and last night as I picked up a report of that meeting I have particular reference to the Grand Canyon of the Colorado, in noticed among other things I said: which are to be found some of the most marvelous sights in all the I believe in the conservation of our scenic wonders and our natu- world. I think there must be something wrong with a person who ral mysteries. Africa has its jungles; Australia its vast deserts; does not love nature or who does not become enthused in seeing the Siberia its endless wastes; and America its scenic wonders and natu- scenic wonders of our country. I do not know of anything that ral mysteries. It is for the better preservation and administration brings me more joy, more pleasure, more information than studying of these marvelous formations that will, I hope, be acknowledged the forests, the life and death of them, and I can not conceive of a among the richest of our Nation's natural gifts that this convention greater pleasure to a person than to visit our national parks in which has been called. are found nature's greatest wonders. Our dream of five or six years Secretary Lane has stated to you what he believes was the greatest ago has become a reality, and to-day we have a National Park sight he ever saw in his life. I now say that the greatest sight I Service. The mere creation of that service will do the people very ever witnessed in my life was not at Mount Blanc, in Switzerland, little good unless funds are provided by the Government to enable nor was it in the scenic wonders lying before me in crossing the De the officials of the service to first prepare the parks SO that people Bazon or the Mers de Glas-no, it was standing on the rim of the visiting them can receive comfortable accommodations; second, to Grand Canyon of the Colorado. The night before a heavy rain had educate the people, tell them where the parks are, how to reach them, fallen, and you people know how it can rain whenever it gets started and what are the chief sights to be seen. We must advertise them in that country, and as the warm August sun came up the next by the moving pictures, as has been done in the past by the American morning the vapor began to rise from the heated ground below and Civic Association. I do not believe that there was ever a conference there was a gentle warm wind coming up the canyon, strong enough held by that association that converts were not made to the wisdom to form the vapor in rolling clouds, and as the rolling clouds as- of the use of our national parks. A convert is generally an enthu- cended from the bottom of the canyon to the heights of Bright Angel siastic park man. We can depend upon this: that whenever a person Point, where I stood, I could see through the clouds of vapor as visits our parks and spends but a few weeks within them he becomes through a telescope those great temples of rock, cut out by the hand an advocate of them: he speaks for them, and wherever he goes his of the Master Architect in ages past. And then the scene would be influence is exerted with other people to enjoy what he has enjoyed. shifted, and upon the other side of the canyon we could see the cliffs I was very glad to hear the Secretary give instructions to the of most marvelous hues, first the brightest pink and then somber officers having in charge the national parks that they should be polite gray, and it was as the changing of one marvelous scene to that of to all visitors. In my opinion, they should have impressed upon a greater. them that they are not representing themselves-they are represent- 16 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. 17 Was it worth to me the few paltry dollars and cents and time that that the Secretary of the Interior will see, whenever a concession is I took to go to the Grand Canyon of the Colorado? Why, my good given for the erection of a hotel in a national park, that the hotel people, it can not be counted in sordid dollars. My visit to the will be built in conformity with its surroundings. We do not want canyon made me a better man; it made me a better citizen, and I any seven and ten story hotels in our national parks. We want acknowledge with greater freedom the power of the Supreme Being, them never more than two stories, rustic in their appearance, and a thing that in everyday life we SO often forget. something different from that which you see in every city that you Now, I do not want to see our national parks robbed of any of visit. their beauty on the ground that it must be done in order to secure I realize that our national parks have been neglected and scarcely money sufficient to pay the expenses of maintaining them. I do not heard of in the past, but I am positive their beautiful scenic value, want to see the trees of the parks destroyed. I do not want to see awe-inspiring grandeur, and life-giving virtue will be appreciated any of the natural resources taken from them that would in any way by millions in the near future instead of but thousands as at present. mar their beauty. I think that it would be the best money that Con- The greater number and almost the entire acreage of our national gress could spend, to place the parks in a condition that they can be parks are in the West. The God of Nature in the distribution of enjoyed by the people of the United States. The people will go scenic wonders of the world lavished them upon the western portion when educated, and it will not be long that the Government will of this continent, placed them-high above sea level. and surrounded have to expend money on them, for already there are five on a paying them with a summer climate fit for the gods, making them the basis and it won't be long until all of them will be; and instead of natural recreation grounds for the overworked and nature-loving a few hundred thousand people visiting these parks there will be people. The people of our country do not realize the value of these millions visit them. The parks must be made attractive and ac- gifts of nature, but that will come in time and come naturally. I cessible in order to accomplish this, and it is the duty of the Govern- think I can sec in the future a great portion of the three hundred and ment to make them SO. fifty million American dollars now spent annually abroad for recrea- We must have good roads in the parks. We should keep them tion, rest, and sightseeing diverted to American railroads, American well repaired and sprinkled. That's a business proposition, and just hotel keepers, American guides, American merchants, and American as soon as the parks are attractive and accessible and as soon as the farmers. American people understand it and their wonders are advertised the I look for the time when our national parks will be the means question of the maintenance of the parks on a business basis will of people from different sections of the country being brought to- have been settled. So, I dlo not worry about the future of the parks. gether and. becoming acquainted with each other; learning each What I want is to have the people understand what it means to them other's aspirations, hopes, and beliefs; learning of their honesty of to visit our national parks. Our revenues from the parks will in- purpose, ideals of life, loyalty to home, State, and Nation. Results crease year by year and will pay the expenses of their maintenance of this character can not be estimated in mere dollars and cents. in a few years to come. The concessions in the parks will assist I have upon a number of occasions visited Europe, climbed the in that regard, and I want the concessions in all of the parks not to mountains of Switzerland, gazed upon Mount Blanc with all of its be based upon how much money can be made out of them, but the surrounding grandeur; but when I stood upon Bright Angel Point idea should be to have the Government hold control over them. and gazed upon that marvelous gash in the breast of mother carth, There are certain receipts in many of the parks that will come from saw within it the temple-capped hills, its varied-hued earth and the grazing privileges, although I do not want them overgrazed, stone, its awe-inspiring greatness, with the river thousands of feet and I think grazing should not be allowed in some of the parks. below me, I could not help but exclaim, "Europe has many scenic There are other revenues that will come from the telephone service wonders, but none like the Grand Canyon of the Colorado." To see and the light service and utilities that must be established by our it convinces man of God's greatness and man's littleness. Government in the parks in order to make them accessible and at- 1 think the time will come when it will be popular for an American tractive to the people who visit them. to have seen and know the wonders and advantages of his own coun- I hope that all unsightly advertisements will forever be kept out try. I do not believe that an American's education is complete, nor of the parks. I want some place somewhere in the world that I is it possible for him to know the wonders of his own country, until can go and won't have to read the advertisements of "57 varieties' he has seen the marvelous geysers, boiling springs, and volcanoes, of pickles, etc., and I will add patent medicines of all kinds. I hope brilliant hued canyons, great lakes 8,000 feet above sea level, in the 18 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. 19 Yellowstone National Park; or the magnificent waterfalls in the THE PRESIDING OFFICER, MR. MATHER. Hetch Hetchy Valley, the ice sculptured canyons and forests in the Yosemite; or the big trees, growing in many instances to a height Certainly not, Senator. of 300 feet with a diameter of 30 feet and bark 2 feet thick found in SENATOR SMOOT. the Sequoia; or the glaciers and the rugged mountain scenery of Mount Rainier; or the beautiful lake within the crater of an extinct I would have been delighted to stay here. volcano in the Crater Lake National Park; or the prehistoric ruins of an ancient people in the Mesa Verde National Park; or the won- THE PRESIDING OFFICER, MR. MATHER. derful natural bridges, the largest in all the world, found in the southeastern part of Utah. We appreciate your having given to us a part of your busy time when your work is so pressing. When better hotel accommodations, better public transportation, including the construction of roads, trails, and bridges, are secured, SENATOR SMOOT. instead of having 224,000 visitors annually, they will be numbered You will excuse me. by the millions. And I do not know, my friends, but that this answers the situation to-day. Only we have advanced somewhat THE PRESIDING OFFICER, MR. MATHER. from that time. Every year there are more visitors to our parks, We also have the privilege of having with us to-day the Hon. and I hope to see the time that there will be few Americans who will Scott Ferris, chairman of the Public Lands Committee of the have to say that they have not visited some of the national parks of House. His work at this particular time, with all the important America, and when you have visited one you want to visit another bills to which he has to give consideration day and night, is ex- and when you have visited that other one you want to visit them all; ceedingly pressing; and I can not thank him too much for having and I see in the future success for the accomplishment of all that come around this morning to give us of his time. Congressman Congress had in view in creating the National Parks Service. And Ferris has always lent a sympathetic ear to all measures designed to the people who visit and live for a while in them, enjoy their improve and promote the national parks. He has held extensive grandeur and beauty, will have better health, will be better citizens, will know their country better, and will love it more. And all I hearings on the National Park Service bill, and his public hearings afford important information on the parks and monuments. He has have to say is, let us work together to bring this about and hasten done everything in his power to insure the creation of the National the day that all these benefits may be enjoyed. Park Service. I thank you. Our distinguished guest has several important measures pending The PRESIDING OFFICER, MR. MATHER. at present in Congress relating to the parks system throughout the country which he is studying with his characteristic keenness and Thank you, Senator, for the interest that is shown by your talk enthusiasm; and we may depend upon him to have the interests of here to-day. It only stimulates and proves to us the interest that the parks continually at heart. you have always taken in the entire national parks matter. With In my work in connection with national parks it has been my privi- more of such interest there, gradually increasing as it is bound to lege to come to know something at first hand of the lovable personal in Congress, we will have the results that we have been long looking qualities of this distinguished gentleman, qualities which have made for in the way of larger appropriations, and of course as an outcome it both a pleasure and a privilege to consult and advise with him con- of that a larger attendance in the parks. cerning the management and the furtherance of an ideal national parks system in this country. SENATOR SMOOT. I take great pleasure in presenting to you Hon. Scott Ferris, Rep- Mr. Chairman, just before you proceed, I want to beg to be excused. resentative in Congress from Oklahoma, and chairman of the im- The subcommittee of the Appropriations Committee of the Senate portant Committee on Public Lands, who will now address you. meet this morning, and I had to beg off in order to come here. We Hon. SCOTT FERRIS, REPRESENTATIVE FROM OKLAHOMA. have hearings on before that subcommittee, and I hope you will not think that I am trying to run away, if I withdraw at this time. Mr. Chairman and members of the conference, the total area com- prising the United States is 3 30 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. 31 It is time I quit. I did not come here to make any formal remarks. nearly 30,000 acres, represents a total expenditure of some $13,000,000. I came here to testify to my appreciation of what this Mather per- Practically half of that was obtained by private subscription. son, this refermed steam engine, as it were, is doing, and to express So I think, Billy Kent-I believe I have a right to call you by that my intension in the brief months left of my public life, and I hope name-that the start you made with that gift of redwood forest is many more of private life, to work toward increasing the Common- going to have farther reaching effects than any of us can dream of wealth. I thank you. at the present time. The misunderstandings that will arise need not cause us anxiety. That little remark of yours amused line-your THE PRESIDING OFFICER, STEPHEN T. MATHER. denial that those hundred acres of redwood forest were not going to you personally. The very thought that anyone could ever dream Representative Kent's gift of the redwoods to which he has re- of it merely shows the peculiarly suspicious attitude of the American ferred has meant a great deal to the country at large. It has been an people. But we know that misunderstandings just like that do example which I think will have a far-reaching effect. As I came arise, and there are a great many people in this country who can East with him from California about a month ago, he was working not believe that a man has no ulterior motive when he does a fine out a plan to add a considerable acesage to the Muir woods, which he felt should be done in order to properly develop it. piece of work like that. But that is being changed very rapidly, and There are many misunderstandings in connection with gifts like you can be assured that you have the real hearts of the great Ameri- Congressman Kent's. I think we do not really catch a vision of can people with you in doing just the work you have been doing. REPRESENTATIVE KENT. what a gift of that kind really means, particularly the absolutely altruistic motives that are behind it. I feel sure that, by this very Mr. Chairman, will you excuse the congressional delegation. gift of his, the stimulus was developed which resulted in our secur- Under the House rules we convene at 12, and I am sure that, under ing the Sieur de Monts National Monument, some 5,000 acres on the circumstances, you will excuse us. Mount Desert Island on the coast of Maine. A group there headed THE PRESIDING OFFICER, STEPHEN T. MATHER. by George B. Dorr has been working for several years to get to- Certainly. We are very glad to have had you with us. gether a large acreage and present it to the Government. They I want to state that there has been close and hearty cooperation met with very little encouragement at first. They were told to go between the Interior Department and the Agricultural Department back and make sure their titles were all right. But they were per- in various matters involved in our administration of the national sistent; they wanted to give the land to the Government; and, even parks. We have had the please of cooperating closely in insect con- though here and there a great deal of red tape had to be cut, they trol and many other activities special to the Agricultural Depart- kept at it until finally the gift was accepted. ment. We have learned to look at these things from the farmers' So that now we have on the Pacific coast the Muir woods, and on point of view, and I believe that the Department of Agriclture and the Atlantic coast the Sieur de Monts, both gifts to the Government; the officials who preside over that department have come to look at and I think we are going to have more. the national parks from the point of view of our department. Cor- We held an interesting hearing about two months ago in Chicago, dial relations between the two departments are maintained with most in regard to the proposed sand dunes national park. I think it satisfactory results. would be a difficult matter to persuade Congress to actually appro- We have the Assistant Secretary of Agriculture with us to-day, priate the money to secure the sand dunes, but it will not be difficult Mr. Carl Vrooman, a man whom I have the privilege of calling a to get the acceptance of the land if it should once be given through personal friend. Secretary Vrooman, if you look at the national the medium of private subscriptions. If that beautiful tract of parks from the standpoint of the farmer, we are very glad to have land is to be obtained for recreational and public use, I think that a chance to hear you; or if you look upon them as a citizen of the is the way it will come. It may mean a million or a million and a great Republic, we will hear you also from that standpoint. half in actual gifts, but with the proper inspiration the men will Hon. CARL VROOMAN, ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE. be found, I am sure, to come forward and make the gift. Mr. Chairman, ladies, and gentlemen, this is not the occasion nor I was much impressed to hear of the work that was being done in am I the proper official to speak about policies with regard to the the State of New York on just those lines in the Interstate Palisades public parks, but in behalf of the Federal Department of Agriculture Park, where the total amount spent on that development, which is which occupies the position of a larger brother to the public parks 103587°-17-13-3 104 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. 105 important and valuable factor in placing this movement where it is. Civic Association. Every suggestion we made was immediately and He was in the field long before Mr. Mather was in the field, and he fully adopted. That bill was offered by Senator Smoot in the has had the tilling of the soil for the park harvest which is now Senate, and by Mr. Davidson in the House, both then firm friends beginning to flourish in the souls of this people. Mr. McFar- of the parks, and still friends of the national parks. land, who has been in a sense a public teacher for many years, will The essential thing in this legislation was that there should be a also, I have no doubt, contribute something to the special nature of declaration as to what a national park was; what it was for. Fred- this session of the conference, which deals with the problems, Mr. erick Law Olmsted it was who phrased that definition, and with all McFarland, first of getting before the people the news of their the mutations of the national park legislation, his phrasing has heritage of scenery; and, secondly, with the use of that heritage of remained. It has been the only thing we were unwilling to give up. scenery by the people for their knowledge and inspiration. I intro- Our idea of an advisory council we had to let go, but we have never duce Mr. McFarland. been willing to see the declaration as to the purposes of the national parks eliminated from the bill, which is the reason we feel that the J. HORACE McFARLAND, PRESIDENT OF THE AMERICAN CIVIC Asso- bill which was passed in August last is worth while. CIATION. The American Civic Association kept on following the national park effort after Mr. Ballinger resigned. When Mr. Fisher came in, ECONOMIC DESTINY OF THE NATIONAL PARKS. our relations became closer, and we followed throughout the admin- istration vigorously and insistently. I had the honor to write the Mr. President, ladies and gentlemen, the American Civic Asso- words relating to national parks which appeared in one President's ciation early in its existence saw the importance of considering that message, and it was a pleasure to find that the President of the national parks were actually national parks, and not merely inci- United States could see that the national parks were worth bothering dental parcels of lands set aside by quite incidental legislation, and about. with a most fragmentary relation to the General Government. At When Mr. Lane came into office, Mr. Watrous and myself did not the time we began to agitate the matter there was not a desk in allow much time to elapse until we saw him, and I well remember Washington which belonged wholly to the national-park work; that on the 15th of March, 1913, when we called on him, he said that indeed, there was not more than a third of a desk in any department he had not had time to look into the matter seriously, but the idea relative to the nation's park possessions. of a national park service struck him favorably, and that if the rail- Even before we began with the national parks as such, dealing roads were conducted in the same mauner as the national parks, no with those already established, we thought it our duty to prevent man would be brave enough to ride from Washington to Baltimore. aggression. It was rather early in Mr. Roosevelt's administration There was another relation the American Civic Association has that I received a letter one day from a good woman who wanted to had to the national parks which may properly be mentioned at this know if something could not be done to prevent the building of a time. When Mr. Roosevelt called that memorable conference on trolley line around the rim of the Grand Canyon of the Colorado. national resources in the White House in May, 1908, I had the honor I thought something could. So did Mr. Pinchot. So did Mr. Roose- to be present and to deliver an address on "The value of natural velt. And the Grand Canyon immediately thereafter was, by Exceu- scenery as promoting patriotism," and I do not think that in con- tive order, declared a national monument. The trolley line is not yet nection with whatever I have done in a public way there has ever there. come to me more satisfaction than I felt, after finishing that short Mr. Roosevelt was not addressed on the subject of national parks address, when the venerable old Secretary of Agriculture, Mr. because the broad conception was not yet in our minds, but when Wilson, said, "Those are good words, my boy. The world will Mr. Taft came into office as President we began, very early in the forget what the rest of us say here, but the women and the children administration, an effort which brought us into close connection with will read and remember those words." the Secretary of the Interior. We went to Mr. Ballinger with the Mr. Yard has asked me, however, to address myself to "The thought that the time had come to give the national parks a definite economic destiny of the national parks." It is rather a large order status. He quickly saw the idea, and the first draft of the national for a 15-minute address. I will merely endeavor to give you the parks bill ever offered in Congress was prepared in the office of Mr. headings, SO that you may think it out for yourselves. Ballinger, and submitted for review to a meeting of the American PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. 107 106 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. beneficial, and that if it is we should be making a better nation The American Civic Association has long since ceased to be in. rather than a worse nation all the time. The play time and expendi- terested in that unfortunate slogan 'The city beautiful." We believe ture includes the time and money used in churches, saloons, theaters, in efficiency, in accomplishing something. The beauty will come, libraries, and everything not related to eating, sleeping, and working. and the thing that is not really useful is never beautiful. There is not time here to go into the details, but they are awe-inspir- We have long known that recreation spells efficiency in communi- ing as to the divisions of the recreational expenditures of the people ties. I would like to ask that you give consideration to a few of this country, and I can not recommend to you a more wholesome thoughts in that direction. We want to consider the use of the survey than that of the play problem in your own home community. national parks as playgrounds. See how it is spending its play time and play money, and see how I want to pound that single word 'play" into your minds, if I infinitesimal is the amount of time diverted and the amount of money may. Perhaps it does not seem dignified to you. It means some- used for good. thing just the same. I have ventured to formulate a definition which We believe, then, in the American Civic Association, that we I should like to have you consider. The lexicographers do not give it, should do our utmost to divert some of the play time and some of but it is this: To engage in exercise or occupation of any kind for the play money toward the upbuilding of the people, and away from diversion, amusement, or recreation." the down-pulling of the people. Now, public recreation may, in a That's the kind of play we believe in, and the kind we expect to general way, be separated, as it may relate to parks-the city parks, continue to promote. playgrounds, parkways, and sometimes I might say the county There is good reason for considering this angle of the subject. parks, which are intimately related to where we live. These provide It has been worked out by a most able park superintendent, George 'first aid to the injured." They give the first chance to sec the sky, A. Parker, of Hartford, Conn., that there is a definite amount of and to feel the influence of a clean, pure breeze. They do not always time spent by each human being in play. He assumes that the time do that, for I have seen playgrounds in cities as dirty as they could not occupied in eating, sleeping, or working is playtime, and he be, but the general influence of the smaller parks and playgrounds is insists that it amounts to at least five hours every day for every that of first aid to the injured. The broader areas, the State parks individual. If you will challenge the statement in your minds, you and the national parks, serve a different purpose. They reach after will be rather inclined, I think, to say that Mr. Parker's estimate the spiritual side of the matter, and that side is the most important is low. However, I ask you to accept for the moment the statement to the nation, because in it lies the whole impulse of patriotism, on that five hours per day per person is being used for something else which the safety of the nation depends. than eating, sleeping, or working. When that time is added up for I have sometimes asked audiences whether they have ever heard the Nation of 110,000,000 people it becomes an incomprehensible of a desire to take up arms in defense of a machine shop. Of course, sum of time-about 63,000 years-to-day, and to-morrow, and every you can hire guards to defend a machine shop; but do you ever hear other day the recreational expenditure of the United States of of people springing to the defense of a town as unlovely, for in- America. We do not control it at all; it happens, whether or not. stance, as Hoboken; or could the State of Pennsylvania be aroused We have little to do with it, save that we can influence it; but we to defend the smoke, filth, and dirt of Pittsburgh No, not a bit can not make it longer or shorter. We are tending all the time of it! Often the man who made his money creating the ugly condi- to make it longer as we reduce the hours of labor, and that movement tions goes traveling, and when he begins to boast he says very little is hardly likely to be stopped. about his smoking factory or his dirty towns. He exclaims about Further, we spend money in this playtime, and Mr. Parker has the beauty of his neighborhood, his State, his country. The whole figured that play averages us 2 cents an hour. That does not seem basis of patriotism is love of country. Without it there is no safety. much, but when you pile it up for the United States of America, We can not expect people to go sightseeing in these lavish days with the time used also, looking at 63,000 years a day and at and undergo discomforts. If the national parks are not made com- $11,000,000 a day spent in money, doing something else than eating, fortable as well as comfortably accessible they will not be used, sleeping. or working. the splendor of the problem which is before this and an important means of promoting patriotism will lie dormant. present organization fully appears. If the parks are made easy for the people, they will be used exten- This expenditure of time and money is always going on. We have sively. I have had much to do, in my own park experience, with the only such influence as we may choose to exert, but we can not stop it. intensive use of city parks, and have helped to work out certain for- As I have said, I believe that the use of this play time ought to be 108 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. 109 mulx as to how to get the most people to make the most park visits. Congress now has spent a gigantic sum on the national parks- In Harrisburg, where I live, there are about 74,000 people, who make nearly a quarter of a cent per person a year. If it would spend a annually around seventeen hundred and fifty thousand visits to the half cent per year per person for parks, I think Mr. Mather would parks. All we have done, Mr. Chairman, is to make the parks in think the millennium had arrived. And if 1 cent per person per year Harrisburg accessible and comfortable. God made them beautiful. was provided, he would be unable to comprehend all that could be Another of the things that could be done in the direction I am done for our national parks. trying to indicate is to increase the number and proximity of these Yet Philadelphia spends $1.40 per person for park purposes; Mil- parks. If there was on the wall here a map of the United States waukee, 93 cents; Pittsburgh, 53 cents. Why should not the United the national parks would show as only little spots, mere trifles; and States spend a whole penny for each of us annually in our national they are SO far off. I have just come in 38 or 40 hours from the parks? shadow of one of the newest and the most accessible national park- Let me put it in another way. The United States spends the the Rocky Mountain National Park. I had my eyes on Longs Peak gigantic sum of $700 a day on its vast areas of marvelous natural on Sunday morning about 9 o'clock, and it has taken all the time wonders; Philadelphia $655 on her little bit of most inadequate park since to get to Washington. It is too far off. area; Milwaukee gets away with $1,076; and even smoky Pittsburgh The national parks are not close enough; there are not enough of spends $862 per day on her parks, which Pittsburgh knows is better them. Why should the park center be SO far beyond the center of than extending cemeteries and providing more policemen. population? Why should we in the East have to spend about $150 We need extension of the sort of national park promotion we have to get the first whiff from the pines of the Rocky Mountain National recently had. Indeed the kind of management that has been going Park, the first glimpse of its snows? Are we thus penalized be- on in the last 18 months in the National Parks Service is SO near cause WC happen to live where the most people live? No, Mr. Chair- business management that I do not see how it can have happened in man, the parks must be brought close to the people. We who work Washington. Here are Mr. Mather and Mr. Yard, business men, out the problems of putting the park in competition with the hos- actually managing national parks as if they were a business enter- pital and graveyard and jail know that it is never safe in a com- prise. It is extraordinary; but I wish it might be extended, and that munity to reckon on the women and children and deficient men going we might have a whole lot more of it, and that they might be given more than a quarter of a mile to a park. We know that we must money, much real money to do the job, such as Mr. Schwab would put the parks in reach of the people. give them if they were working for the Bethlehem Steel Corporation. If national parks are worth while they must be where more people I am not throwing mud at Congress, because Congress does the can reach them without large expenditure. It would be a good in- best it knows how, and we who elect its Members are the responsible vestment for the United States to make a park survey of the entire persons. When we get around to having a budget in the United country and to indicate certain arcas as intended to be national parks States and working with it like any business man, then we will get to serve the Eastern States, others to serve the Middle States, and plenty of money for parks; but I do not want to wait SO long. This the Northern States and the Southern States. appropriation of 1 cent apiece for every inhabitant of the Nation I insist the time must soon come when instead of having national ought to come right away, this session; and it should be an automatic, parks created by accident or through the devotion of some interested continuing, annual appropriation of 1 cent apiece. That would man we must have a system of national parks all over the land in mean the automatic increase of the support in proportion to the pop- order to accomplish the upbuilding of patriotism. ulation. There are American cities in which it is written in the We want also unification in national park management. It is now organic law that not less than 1 mill of taxation shall be spent on the fact that there are three departments handling national parks- the parks, and the park authorities in those cities can really plan, an obvious absurdity. If the departments do not soon fix it up because they have something to plan for and something to plan between themselves, some independent agency like the American with. Civic Association, not caring whose toes it treads on, will need to try I do not think that what I am now about to say will be popular, to eliminate some of the duplication. It would be a good job to put but I must say it. In the management of the parks I think the Gov- all the Federal departments into better relation. It would be doing erminent should do the whole job. I see no room whatever for the a great thing for them and for the people. PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. 111 110 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. delegation of the doing of anything in a national park. Nothing revenue outside of any power use that has been taken from it. Niag- should be sold, except as sold at cost by the Government to the ara Falls is easily accessible and is visited by 1,500,000 people each year. people. Why? The Government can buy in the cheapest manner There is one truly tremendous travel revenue possibility for the and has indefinite credit. It pays no rent or taxes. It needs no United States-a possibility beside which the doings of Switzerland profit. It needs to pay no interest on its investment. Naturally, in attracting visitors might sink into insignificance. Indeed, Switz- therefore, it can render the same service at far less cost. If the Gov- ernment can be trusted to send our letters the Government ought to erland could be lost in Rocky Mountain Park. If we are willing to be trusted to provide us with beds and food in the national parks. provide the conditions and facilities, the handling of the national If the Government can be trusted to do the things it does through parks becomes a purely economic proposition; an investment, not an expense. the Army and the Navy it should be trusted to run automobile stages But the greatest of all park products, Mr. Chairman and ladies and for us in the national parks. I do not mean to criticize what has been done. I am full of ad- gentlemen, is the product of civilization, the product of patriotism, the product of real preparedness, the product of manhood and miration of what I. have seen in the parks, and of those now doing park service on concessions; but the very fact that it is good busi- womanhood, unobtainable anywhere else than in the broad, open ness for them makes it bad business for the people. The only proper areas which alone the Nation can provide. There, ladies and gen- tlemen, is a product which we must promote and which we must way is the handling of the functions of the people by the people. There are States that do that and cities, also. George A. Parker, have, and everything we can do and everything we can spend which whom I cited, is responsible for a most excellent and epigrammatic will increase the facilities of the United States for intensifying our definition of the relation of service and business. He says: "Business all too feeble national spirit for increasing the fervor and vigor of our spirit of devotion to the country-every such thing we can do is is to get all you can for what you give, and service is to give all you thoroughly worth while. That is then, ladies and gentlemen, the can for what you get." "economic destiny of the national parks" of the United States. And that's the answer. There is no possible reason why we should not have the cheapest and best service. This man Parker has been THE PRESIDING OFFICER, MR. YARD. trying in Hartford to sell things at actual cost. He can not do it. He has been unable to avoid making a profit in selling milk and choc- I thank you, Mr. McFarland. I am very glad to see that our olate and other things that he is permitted to sell, because he can not stenographer has been most industrious; I shall be glad to have a get the units down low enough not to make a profit. chance to study that speech at a later time. Although we are SO few I hope you are familiar with the recreation centers on the South this is a distinguished gathering in many ways. It is SO late that we Side and West Side in Chicago. These are courageously eun by the shall have to stop at the close of our program, but it is with regrets. park authorities, things being sold at cost. They are magnificently I see here Marion Parsons, for instance, of the Sierra Club, who handled because they are done for the people by the people. I would could give us some useful thoughts on this subject if there were time. not want to be long in the company of one who says the people can And just a few moments ago Dr. Raymond, of Wellesley College. just not be trusted to do these things. Municipal government is no longer left us. whom I met out in Crater Lake last year and who is full of what Mr. Brice said it was 20 years ago The one conspieuous fail- the subject. We have Mrs. Sherman here, whose life is spent in ure of the American system." education. She is educating the country through her control of the 1 go back to my starting point. 'The economic destiny of national conservation departments of the 9,000 women's clubs united in the parks" is to promote patriotism; but there is another aspect to it. General Federation. If we want to be a little bit calculating-and Americans are some- And we have here no less than two "fathers of national parks." times said to be a little sordid-then, the economic destiny of the One of them is Mr. Enos Mills, whose campaign of 11 years resulted national parks is to bring a tremendous amount of money into the in the Rocky Mountain National Park and whose whole life is the United States from abroad. I wonder if you realize that the one life of a teacher. And I sec sitting back there Judge Steel, whose great natural wonder of the United States which is most attractive, devoted patriotic personal efforts at his own expense-from what he and which is not yet safe until it becomes a big national park- saved out of the salary of a country school-teacher for 17 years- Niagara Falls-is estimated to produce $30,000,000 a year of travel finally resulted in the creation of the Crater Lake National Park. 103587°-17-18-8 208 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. 209 T. S. PALMER, EXPERT IN GAME CONSERVATION, BIOLOGICAL SURVEY. trees he had found in his travels in the Tropics referred to them as "natural monuments." Recently the term "natural monuments" NATIONAL MONUMENTS AS WILD-LIFE SANCTUARIES. has been adopted abroad to denote any natural object of scientific Much has been written and many photographs have been published interest, whether geological, botanical, or zoological, and the im- illustrating the wild life in the national parks. The bears, the portance of preserving such monuments is now recognized both in buffalo, and the elk of the Yellowstone are as closely associated with Europe and America. this park as are the hot springs or geysers. The mountain sheep is MOVEMENT FOR PRESERVATION OF NATURAL MONUMENTS SIMULTANEOUS IN EUROPE almost as closely associated with the Rocky Mountain Park or the AND AMERICA. mountain goat with the Mount Rainier or the Glacier Park as are waterfalls with Yosemite or the big trees with the Sequoia Park. It is interesting to note that the policy of preserving under the Of national parks there are now 16 and of national monuments 21 care of the Government objects of historic or scientific interest for in charge of the National Park Service of the Department of the the benefit of the public was adopted almost simultaneously in Ger- Interior. In addition, there are 11 national monuments on national inany and in the United States. In Prussia the movement took the forests in charge of the Forest Service of the Department of Agri- form in 1906 of a provision for the appointment of a special officer culture, and 2 national monuments under the jurisdiction of the War known as the State commissioner for the care of natural monuments, Department. Of these 50 reservations, the 34 monuments have a who, under the supervision of the minister of education, was charged combined area of about 1,900 square miles, or a little more than one- with the duty of locating, protecting, and making known the various fourth the area of the national parks and a little less than that of the objects of scientific interest worthy of preservation. No funds were State of Delaware. provided for the purchase of sites of such monuments, but it was the Comparatively little has been published on the wild life of the duty of the commissioner to locate and mark them, and to interest national monuments and even the existence of some of the most in- the owners, whether State, municipal, or private, in their preserva- teresting reservations is scarcely known to the public. Much less tion. These natural monuments are of various kinds and may in- has the tourist or casual visitor a clear idea of what constitutes a clude an historic tree, an unusually fine specimen of some shrub, a national monument, of the diverse character of monuments, or of the group of rare plants, a bog containing northern plants or animals, a distinction between a national monument and a national park. This, breeding colony of birds, a curiously carved rock or a glacial perhaps, is not surprising when it is recalled that only a few years bowlder-in short, almost any object of scientific interest. ago a former Cabinet officer to whom was submitted a recommenda- In the United States the movement took a somewhat different form, tion for the establishment of one of the larger national monuments but in the same year resulted in the passage of an act of Congress inquired, "What kind of a monument do you propose to build?" providing for preservation under national auspices not only of And upon being assured that it was not the intention to build any natural objects of scientific interest, but also of historic landmarks monument, but merely to preserve some objects of unusual scien- and historic structures. This act, approved June 8, 1906, entitled tific interest under the national monuments act, remarked, "Well, "An act for the preservation of American antiquities," and commonly I don't know what you are going to do, but if Mr. says it is known as the national monuments act, authorizes the President of all right I will approve the recommendation." And within a few the United States to declare by public proclamation as national days the monument became an accomplished fact. monuments, historic landmarks, historic and prehistoric structures, From time immemorial man has been accustomed to erect monu- and other " objects of historic or scientific interest situated on lands ments in honor of celebrated men or to commemorate important owned or controlled by the Government of the United States." No events in history by monuments, and these monuments, many of appropriation was made for carrying the law into effect or providing them unfortunately now in ruins, are carefully preserved as ex- for the care of the monuments which might be created in this way. amples of his work or mementos of his accomplishments. Similarly Not until 1910 was any general circular of information regarding nature has carved rocks, has hollowed out caverns, and has developed the monuments available for general distribution, and not until 1916 remarkable types of plant and animal life adapted for peculiar con- was any specific appropriation made for their protection or any pro- ditions. The fact that such objects are properly monuments was vision made for a comprehensive plan of administration. recognized nearly a hundred years ago by the celebrated traveler Alexander von Humboldt who, in describing some of the marvelous 220 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. 221 add to the ethnological interest of the monument. On account of its the French explorer Champlain. Recently 5,000 acres adjacent to easy accessibility by automobile or team on the highway between Bar Harbor, including the most rugged parts of the island, have, Phoenix and Tempe, the monument is utilized largely as a picnic through the generosity and public spirit of the Hancock County ground and is visited by several thousand people each year. It was trustees, been dedicated forever to free public use and the purposes of created primarily for the preservation of the giant cactus (Saguaro) wild-life conservation. The historical associations of the locality are and other species of cactuses, yuccas, candle bushes, and the peculiar preserved in the name of Sieur de Monts, under whose orders Cham- desert flora characteristic of this region. The giant cactus is a plain sailed when he discovered the island in 1604. The geological favorite nesting place of the elf owl (Micropallas whitneyi) and the objects of interest are preserved in the bold granite cliffs which form gilded flicker (Colaptes chrysoides mearnsi), while the clumps of the only mountainous tract thrust prominently out into the sea along other cactuses are the favorite breeding places of the cactus wren this part of the coast. The botanical importance of the region is (Heleodytes brunneicapillus couesi). Other birds peculiar to this shown by the fact that hills and mountains support on their slopes region are the curious curve-billed thrashers-Bendire's thrasher and in their valleys a diversity of plant life which is said to be (Tomostoma bendirei) and the crissal thrasher (T. crissale), and greater than can be found in any area of equal size in New England the Arizona woodpecker (Dryobates arizona). Thus the preserva- or in the Eastern States. Mount Desert lies in the highway of bird tion of the flora naturally attracts and preserves an aggregation of migration along the Maine coast, and here converge the lines of mi- desert birds which find among the shrubs and plants suitable nest- grants from the north and east on their way south. Birds from four ing places and an abundance of food. distinct life zones visit the island at some time during the year. Immediately west of Tucson the Carnegie Institution established, Denizens of the Arctic and of the Hudsonian zone in Ungava and in 1903, the desert laboratory of its department of botanical research southern Labrador visit it in winter; species of the Canadian life for the investigation of problems connected with the study of desert zone, which breed in southern Canada and northern New England, plant life. At Phoenix the Government has now established a reser- nest here in summer; and in addition some species from the more vation for the protection on a larger scale of some of the desert species southern Transition or Alleghenian fauna straggle in from the which are the subject of study at Tucson. Three years after the west and south. Such are some of the historic and scientific objects establishment of the desert laboratory the grounds were inclosed by of interest preserved in this new monument created by proclamation a wire fence, and within a few months after the completion of this on July 8, 1916. Here are preserved under most favorable circum- fence a marked difference was reported between the vegetation stances a unique collection of native animals, birds, and plants, which within and without the inclosure, and also a marked increase in the can be enjoyed and studied amid their natural surroundings. number of the smaller animals. This fact is significant in showing The plans of the founders of the reservation contemplate not the importance of preventing grazing animals from having free merely the protection of the wild life of the area, but also its develop- access to the monument. Apparently no complete list of the plants ment under natural conditions, so that some forms now rare may be- has yet been inade, but lists both of the plants and birds should be come more abundant and the reservation thus be made more attrac- prepared for the purpose of noting changes in the flora and fauna tive. Here it may be possible to develop a bird sanctuary and feed- and for interesting the general public in the true purpose of the ing stations for birds on the lines of those which have proved SO suc- reservation. While the giant cactus and the yuccas may be the most cessful in Europe. By cultivating native shrubs and plants which conspieuous species, they are not necessarily the most interesting, furnish food for birds and thus making the sanctuary more attrac- and the full value of the reservation can only be developed by fur- tive to certain birds which are now rare or which linger only a short nishing information to the general public in concise and popular time during migration it may be possible to induce them to tarry form as to the effect which these dominant types have on other longer and perchance breed within the boundaries of the monument. forms of life and in the whole group of species which characterizes In accessibility, opportunity for experimental work, and as a field the plant and animal life of the desert. for botanical or zoological study Sieur de Monts is unexcelled by any of the other monuments. SIEUR DE MONTS NATIONAL MONUMENT. From the foregoing it may be seen that the much misunderstood Mount Desert Island, a unique and striking landmark on the Maine term 'monument" has a distinctive place and is in reality descriptive coast, was the first land along the coast to be described and named by of certain kinds of reservations. One has only to consider the Muir 1 Probably at least one-half of all the species native to Arizona grow within the limits 222 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. 223 Woods and Sieur de Monts monuments as sanctuaries established In the administration of the national parks, much attention has on the Pacific and Atlantic coasts for the preservation of redwoods been devoted to rendering the parks accessible and much emphasis and the northern coniferous trees, respectively, to realize that in re- is laid on the number of visitors. In comparison with the expendi- ality these two reservations are at least monuments of the public ture on some of the parks, the amount expended in improving the spirit of private citizens who have dedicated these wonderful tracts accessibility of the national monuments has thus far been insignifi- of wild land to the Government for the benefit of all the people. cant, but, notwithstanding this fact, four of the monuments above It is apparent also that there are ample means of protecting the mentioned-the Grand Canyon, Muir Woods, Papago Saguaro, and natural monuments which have been nationalized by proclamation Sieur de Monts--are readily accessible and are visited annually by and placed under the care of the Government, and that on some of the thousands of sight-seers. reservations are some highly interesting species which deserve the The first three of these reservations are open throughout the year protection which can only be afforded by a wild-life sanctuary. Some and Muir Woods, Papago Saguaro, and Sieur de Monts are within kinds of big game occur in even larger numbers than in some of the easy reach of near-by cities. It does not require a million acres, a national parks. Thus in the case of elk, the Mount Olympus National million dollars, or a group of attractions like those in the Yosemite Monument during the breeding season harbors most of the Olympic and the Yellowstone to attract a large number of visitors. Muir elk in existence. Nowhere else, not even in the Mount Rainier Park Woods, with its 300 acres and a grove of redwoods, has as many in the same State, is any considerable herd of these elk to be found. visitors, in some years, as any of the larger parks, not even except- The number at the present time, probably about 4,000, is larger than ing the Yellowstone, with its 3,000,000 acres, its famous canyon, its falls, and its many geysers and hot springs. The number of vis- that of any herd f elk outside of the Yellowstone Park region. itors at the Grand Canyon in 1915 was estimated at 100,000, or three In the case of mountain sheep, the records show about 220 sheep times as many as have ever visited the Yosemite or Mount Rainier in the Yellowstone Park, about 400 in the Rocky Mountain Park, and and twice as many as have ever visited the Yellowstone in a single a few hundred in the Glacier Park, while about 1,000 have been reported in the Grand Canyon of the Colorado. Thus the Grand season. Even the Papago Saguaro has more visitors than such parks as the Casa Grande Ruins, Sullys Hill, or the Mesa Verde. People Canyon Monument at present not only has more sheep than any one will find objects of interest and means of enjoyment in any of the of the national parks, but possibly as many as there are in all of the reservations which are within easy reach, and since some of the national parks combined. monuments may be made more accessible than some of the parks, No species of big game except the antelope is in greater need of and at less expense, it seems important to develop at once the re- protection than the mule deer. Although several of the parks and sources of these reservations for the benefit of the public. reservations, including the Yellowstone, the Rocky Mountain, the Glacier, the Wind Cave, and Sullys Hill National Parks, and the PUBLICITY. National Bison Range, the Wichita gaine preserve, and the Niobrara Reservation are well adapted for this species, yet not one of these More attention should be given to publicity both within and with- refuges has a large number of mule deer at the present time. The out the reservations-within, by making the points attractive, by number in the Yellowstone Park in 1914 was estimated to be about marking the less prominent objects of interest, not morely with names 1,100; there are a few hundred in the Rocky Mountain Park, some and signs but with descriptive labels somewhat after the type of in the Glacier Park, and practically none in the other reservations. museum labels; without, by bringing the monument home to the In the Grand Canyon gaine preserve, which overlaps the Grand individual who can not be brought to the monument. In addition to Canyon National Monument, there are said to be several thousand the usual methods of publicity employed in popularizing the national and many mule deer come down in the winter to the Colorado Na- parks, such as illustrated publications, magazine articles, news notes, tional Monument. While the exact number of these deer in the photographs, moving pictures, railroad advertising, etc., certain monuments is unknown, it is perhaps not too much to say that the other methods are necessary to disseminate and popularize the infor- Grand Canyon game preserve, the Grand Canyon Monument, and the mation regarding some of the smaller and more remote reservations. Colorado Monument are better stocked than any other reservations In comparison with the geological work which has been done in with this interesting species of deer which is SO characteristic of the soine of the parks and the ethnological work which has been under- West. taken on some of the ruins in the Southwest, the amount of natural 103587°-17-15 224 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. 225 history work actually done in the parks and monuments is pitifully meager. Such work whether done by the various bureaus of the duce a rich return to the people for whose benefit it was created. Government or by private enterprise should be encouraged in every Such a monument as the Devils Tower, which can not be carried possible way. We can hardly know too much about the natural re- away or seriously defaced except by painting signs and advertise- sources of these various recreation grounds. There should be many ments on the rocks at its base, may require little beside publicity and more publications like those on the flora of Mount Rainier, the fishes warning notices to make it properly known and provide for its pro- of the Yellowstone, the forests of Crater Lake, of the Yosemite, and tection. Monuments like the Montezunna Castle or the Navajo, which of the Sequoia Parks. Lists of the birds and mammals, such as are now contain cliff dwellings, require not only publicity to make their won- published in the circulars of information of the Yellowstone and Yo- ders known, but also custodians to protect their ruins from injury. semite, but with brief notes, should be prepared for each of the monu- But a monument established for the preservation of wild life re- ments which form important wild-life sanctuaries. Efforts should quires more than either of the types of reservations just mentioned. be made not merely to add to the volume of current and ephemeral It needs publicity of a peculiar kind to set forth clearly and in sim- literature, chiefly useful in attracting visitors, but to encourage the ple language the facts (often obscure to the casual visitor) regard- preparation of more permanent publications in the form of local lists, ing the nature and life history of its treasures. It requires the serv- special papers, and monographs which may find a place in the pro- ices of a resident official, who should be something more than a mere ceedings of scientific societies and later utilized in the preparation of custodian, who should be intelligent, and in sympathy with the textbooks and standard works of reference. objects of the reservation in order that he may act as guardian, Public museums, especially those which are now devoting atten- guide, and instructor to the public and impart authentic information tion to the installation of so-called habitat groups or the exhibition of while answering the numerous questions regarding the objects under animals, birds, and plants in groups amid natural surroundings, his charge. It also requires constant observation and careful study should be encouraged to obtain material and install groups repre- by specialists. A reservation like the Muir Woods is undergoing senting the wild life of these reservations. Such groups illustrating constant changes, many of which are apparently only upon close ex- the Muir Woods, the Sieur de Monts, the Grand Canyon of the amination. Species now abundant may become scarce, others now Colorado, the Pinuales, and the Papago Saguaro installed in the rare may increase in abundance, and still others now absent may ap- museums of San Francisco, Los Angeles, Denver, Chicago, and New pear. The dates of arrival and departure of the birds, the times of York would be viewed by thousands of visitors and prove of high their meeting, the dates of flowering and fruiting of the plants all educational value. Local students interested in particular problems vary from season to season. These and other similar facts should be in distribution of wild life should be encouraged to make the monu observed, recorded, and made public. Much of this work can not be ments and the parks the field of their investigations. Notes on the performed by a regular custodian and can be done, if at all, only wild life should be furnished regularly to such organizations as the through the cooperation of special students or observers. A national American Game Protective and Propagation Association, the Na- monument maintained as a sanctuary for wild life should become tional Association of Audubon Societies, the Mazamas, the Sierra practically a natural outdoor laboratory or observatory. It is in Club, and local associations which are interested primarily in prob reality a property of all the people which can only be administered lems of conservation and education SO that their members may assist successfully for the people, when utilized fully and studied care- in the work of disseminating information and popularizing the fully by the people themselves. reservations. THE PRESIDING OFFICER, MR. BURNHAM. ADMINISTRATION. As an added feature, and closing the afternoon's program, Mr. The proper administration of some of the smaller national monu- Belmore Browne, one of the leaders of the Parker-Browne expedi- ments differs greatly from that of the larger reservations or of the tion, will tell us of the conquest of McKinley. Mr. Browne. national parks. A national monument may be allowed to lie dor- mant for years, practically unknown and undeveloped ; it may be left MR. BELMORE BROWNE. without a custodian only to be injured or destroyed by vandals SO that eventually it accomplishes nothing more than if it had never THE CONQUEST OF MOUNT MCKINLEY. been established; or it may be cared for and developed SO as to pro- Mr. Chairman, ladies and gentlemen, I have a very few minutes in which to show you a little bit about the Mount McKinley country. 274 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. 275 were made of stone, and they built some fine buildings and fine struc- FRIDAY, JANUARY 5, AFTERNOON SESSION. tures, standing to-day, original work that is surprising to us of to- SUBJECT, MOTOR TRAVEL TO THE PARKS." day. They were self-supporting too. Mesa Verde is a spot that every young person should visit. The Friday afternoon session was convened at 2.35 o'clock, with I can not give a description of it to one who has not seen it, but I Robert Sterling Yard, of the Department of the Interior, in- want to say that any person going there now will be well paid for troducing the presiding officer, Dr. H. M. Rowe, president of the the trip for two reasons: It is the most scenic route from the rail- American Automobile Association. road station to the park, a distance of 32 miles, that I have traveled. It is nice, high, mountainous country. You can go in automobiles. MR. YARD, From any point you can see a distance of 150 miles very distinctly. I can show you mountains in the distance. There are a number of In many respects this is the most interesting day of the conference, features there that any person visiting the park will remember as because it is the day of the motor. These are swift times. The horse long as he lives. has passed. I do not say is passing-but has passed. We move I would like to invite everybody who is here to come and visit fast; our national parks are all of them now, since Yellowstone was Mesa Verde. I thank you for your attention. opened to the automobile, open to the motorist. Last summer's experience shows that the motor car will be an immense factor in THE PRESIDING OFFICER, MR. MATHER. the future development of our national parks because it will be an increasing accelerator in their future patronage. We will adjourn this morning's session now, but I want to call Last year's increase was large. Nevertheless, it is only the your attention to the splendid lectures that will be given this evening. promise of what is to come, for with the movement for good roads They will be well worth attending. Mr. Hays is to speak on the all over this country, the great processions of automobiles to the Yellowstone, and Mr. Steel, the commissioner of the Crater Lake West will be multiplied season by season and summer by summer. National Park, is to speak on Crater Lake. They will show most The time is coming when we shall have an enormous passage of interesting pictures in connection with their lectures. automobiles back and forth from the eastern seaboard to the Pacific The series of lectures last night were attended by a crowded house, slope. And it is a prophecy which is not very far in the future and I would recommend that you come here early in order to have a when the passage into the park shall be through air as well as over chance to hear and to see to good advantage. the road. Do not forget as you are going out to make a point of looking at One of the great attractions of the West is our national parks, the pictures that are shown on the second floor, the great canvases and the motorist who travels from the East to the West will in- of national parks by leading artists; also the showing of photographs evitably visit our national parks, and stay in our national parks. and etchings that are on either side of this corridor. That is why I say the motor, the automobile, is one of the factors of This afternoon motor travel to the parks will be the general sub- the moment which makes it one of the most important elements in ject of the discussion. It is to be taken up by a number of men who national parks considerations to-day. are experts in their lines. All those who are interested in the develop- Another thing. Motorists soon will go into our national parks to ment of motor traffic to the parks should make a point of attending. stay. Many of them to-day go sweeping through, seeing what they There is no question but that within a few years one of the great can along the line. But one of the most interesting features of the means of reaching the parks will be by auto from all parts of the national parks' evolution as I saw it this last summer was the num- country; the roads will be SO perfected that reaching the parks will ber, the large number, of motorists who went into our national be comparatively easy. parks to stay there, driving in, selecting camp grounds, camping out with the motors alongside under the trees. I saw many cars (Whereupon the Friday morning session was adjourned at 12.10 with trailers behind. I saw Fords in the Yellowstone that were SO o'clock.) loaded up with tents and things around the seat that you could hardly see who was inside. That was a little glimpse of the future. Now, to meet that future, we of the Department of the Interior are making every possible effort to increase the road facilities in the 314 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. 315 signed by the President May 22, 1902, the anniversary of the mar- at a cost of nearly $2,000,000; and I expect to win. I am not asking riage of my parents. I had the temerity to write to our Congress- it all just now, but hope to secure a fund of $100,000 for use during man for the appointment as superintendent but was informed that the season of 1917. When I have succeeded in this mission, I want no superintendent would be appointed for some time; but one was you to come out and see us tear up old roads and put in new ones. appointed at once who greatly excelled me in politics. So much for Crater Lake. But, this is not all. We have moun- There were no fish in the lake, and this worried me until the tains and glaciers and lakes and streams of beauty and grandeur thought occurred of putting some there. In 1888 I obtained a beyond the ken of man and SO great that if all Switzerland was bucket full of rainbow trout minnows down on the Rogue River, 50 thrown into them a passer-by would look askance and say, 'What miles distant, and in two days walked the distance and was successful little summer resort is that over yonder in the valley? in getting 37 live ones in the water. They had no enemies to contend Now let us stand upon the summit of Mount Hood and look with and increased rapidly, so that in a few years the lake was full about us. of them. Since then I got from the United States Fish Commission Lo northward-lo, southward, in martial array, 50,000 rainbow trout fry and at another time 17,000 black-spotted Stands monarchs 'yond monarchs whose crowns fret the sky, trout fry, all of which were placed in the lake, besides 6,000 craw- Look westward-the sea at their feet lies asleep; fish, for food. In all these years we had not found a minnow in a Look east and behold the far desert's broad sweep, fish's stomach, so we conclude that they are certainly not bad can- Now hushed are our boastings; Ah, man! thy life's drama Seems puny and vain in the realms of Mazama. nibals. Soon after taking up this work I realized the necessity of roads Mr. H. H. Hays addressed the conference on the ' Greater Yellow- and was not long in developing a comprehensive system the central stone," displaying as he spoke, a remarkable collection of slides of idea of which was a road completely encircling the lake. The cost Yellowstone scenes. seemed appalling, but I set about to put it into effect. In 1908 I appealed to Congress for funds for the park and was successful in SATURDAY, JANUARY 6, MORNING SESSION. getting $10,000. This work was carried on through the seasons of 1910 and 1911, and the cost was estimated at approximately $700,000. SUBJECT, "THE GRAND CANYON." I immediately applied to Congress for the money and spent the entire winter in Washington importuning Congressmen for assist- The Saturday morning session was convened at 10 o'clock, with ance. It was by far the hardest fight of my life, but a bill was finally Hon. Stephen T. Mather, Assistant to the Secretary of the Interior, passed granting us $50,000 on account. Over $300,000 of this money presiding. has now been spent and the work is in full swing. The remainder The subject of the morning session was "The Grand Canyon." will be spent as soon as it can be economically, and when the entire system is finished we will have the most thrillingly beautiful auto- THE PRESIDING OFFICER, Mr. MATHER. mobile driveway on earth. Several months ago I was taken by friends over that wonderful We believe that the canyon itself will probably be the best in- drive, the Columbia River Highway, and when we returned to Port- troduction to the addresses to which we are going to listen this morn- land I was asked to express my opinion of it. "Gentlemen," I said, ing. Probably there is no one scenic wonder in this country in which "I have never been in Europe, but I have been all over the United more people are interested than in the Grand Canyon. That is par- States many times and can say advisedly that there is nothing in ticularly true the last few years, and probably the teremendous at- this country in the same class with it and I do not believe there is tendance, the large number of visitors that saw it in 1915 in connec- in the world. But, remember, I am neither joking nor boasting tion with the travel to the exposition, will add strength to the when I say that, when our road system in the Crater Lake National strong movement to have it created a national park. The plan is Park is finished, we will make your Columbia River Highway look not moving very rapidly just at present up at the Capitol, but the in- like 30 cents; and I will be willing to rest my judgment with you, if terest is there just the same. It is only a matter of concentrating at- you drive over it." tention. In good time it will join the group of parks already created I am here on another mission for Crater Lake, in that I want a and come into its own, SO that it can be properly handled, and that paved road built from Medford to the western entrance of the park, preparations may be made for its development as a park. At present 316 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. 317 the canyon is being developed by the individual efforts of the Santa resource, but I am not capable of even doing that. This must be left Fe Railway Company. It brings the bulk of the travel. for the real traveler and explorer. All I can say to you, ladies and We are very fortunate this morning in having with us Represen- gentlemen, is that I have taken the time to come down here to make tative Simeon D. Fess, of Ohio. Mr. Fess is very much interested in it very emphatic that it's impossible to do what most people have the Grand Canyon. He knows it thoroughly. I am going to call on expected me to do. You are asking me to do the impossible when Congressman Fess for a few words from his own standpoint, both as you ask me to talk about this colossus wonder of nature. I can say to its appeal to him and also the possibilities and prospects of the this, however, before I leave you, that our people must be educated necessary legislation in Congress, as he sees them. to support more generously the tablets of our history, whether it be the history of our people or the history of our continent. HON. SIMEON D. FESS, REPRESENTATIVE FROM OHIO. I have been greatly outraged to realize how slow we are in main- taining permanently those tablets that are of greatest importance COLOSSUS OF CANYONS. to us in the genesis of our own people, to say nothing about the won- ders of our continent. I remember not long ago that there was an Mr. Chairman, ladies and gentlemen, it is an honor conferred upon attempt to tear down in a great city a famous place of interest that me to be invited to join this group of scholars and research men and had been the meeting place of the famous men of other days, and women, but I am simply overwhelmed with the topic that has been the birthplace of some of the great movements that make for most suggested upon the program, but somewhat relieved by what the in our present-day history; and the people of that city were so out- chairman has just now suggested when he asked me to say something raged to think that the commercialism of the times was apt to be about the possibility of the Government becoming sufficiently in- sufficiently influential as to overcome the meaning of the place that terested in this greatest of the world's wonders, in making it more ac- they organized a volunteer association and purchased the place in cessible to the people. When I was thinking in my very busy hour, order to make it permanent as a tablet in our history, and not to be because of certain legislation that is soon to come in which I am destroyed. That undertaking was not national; the meaning is greatly interested, and that is to come to-day, about what I could say national, but the effort to preserve the tablet was purely local. to any people interested in this great question, I was, as I sug- I read in yesterday's paper an extract about an attempt to widen gested, simply overwhelmed with the thought of an attempt to de- the streets over here in Philadelphia. I think it's Arch Street and scribe the canyon. Everybody refers to and approaches it with a dif- Seventh, which it is proposed to widen in order to make it a more ferent interest. If I should attempt to describe its impression upon convenient thoroughfare; but to do so is going to obliterate the anyone when he first beholds it, or even after he attempts to de- famous site upon which stood the little house in the second story of scend it, I would have to have the power of language of a Charles which was written the Declaration of Independence, penned by Dudley Warner; I should not attempt to do that; I could not do it; Thomas Jefferson while he occupied the house. Our modern time is it would take some one who has a greater facility of expression than so commercial that we are apt to easily obliterate these tablets of the average man that you would find in the House of Representatives. history, totally oblivious to their importance in our history, and I On the other hand, if I would undertake to detail the history of it, protest against it; and as I want to maintain these places that are I would have to find it written in the rocks, and the chasms, and the the original markings of the movements of our civilization, I would wonderful temples; I would have to call upon the geologists; I would like by national authority to preserve and make accessible for the have to appeal to the famous Powell or Dickens or our distinguished value of the entire public in all time to come these famous wonders George Otis Smith, who is here. I am interested in it from the that are ours by nature, such as the Grand Canyon. standpoint of geological study, it is true, but I, a layman, could not I hesitate in a matter of legislation just now before us in utilizing discuss it from that standpoint. I could not begin to suggest what the waters of Niagara, a matter that is purely commercial, and prob- it would mean to one who has never seen it. I would have to have ably from that standpoint wholly justified. I hesitate to be a sup- the skilled hand of the painter, as you saw a moment ago on the porter of any measure that may seem to be for the moment necessary canvas, even then to fall short of its reality. To ask me to describe it, that would have the effect of ultimately destroying the scenic beauty even though I saw it before my eyes! That's an impossibility. If of that great natural wonder. And yet I have been told, and told by were interested, talking to a group of people who were trying to one of the Congressmen, for whom I have the greatest respect, that get the early history of the life in the canyon, there is plenty of the good Lord has put that power there to be used for man. and 318 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. 319 PROCEEDINGS NATIONAL PARKS CONFERENCE. we ought to utilize it, and he continued, "Mr. Fess, you will come to to secure water at convenient places, SO that it can be utilized as a the place yet where you will see that the people's value in it is not living possibility as well as simply remain a thing of beauty. I shall to look at it, but to use it for the purposes of mankind." This com- do what I can to reach that conclusion, SO far as Congress is con- mercial item is always present and quite frequently all powerful. It cerned. Good-by. rules to-day. THE PRESIDING OFFICER, MR. MATHER. Now, that is in the minds of many people. My fellow citizens, I do not know whether we are eliminating altogether the element of We certainly appreciate the hearty support which the words of ideality, and are superseding it by the element of utility, but I fear Representative Fess have pledged. Already we have a strong group we are. There is strength in the ideal, and there is power in the in Congress deeply interested in the establishment of the Grand beautiful, and I doubt very much the wisdom of saying that we are Canyon as a national park, and with that influence spreading through justified in destroying the beauty because it is not useful as long as just such men as Mr. Fess, undoubtedly we shall have the result which it remains beauty. The ideal and beautiful are eternal, beyond mere we have so long hoped to obtain. utility, and for that reason, I shall vote and urge with my voice the I have been called to the Capitol to a committee meeting which authority as well as duty of the Government to make the Grand I feel it necessary to attend, and I am going to turn over the meet- Canyon more accessible to the public, to lend the influence of the ing-the chairmanship-to the next speaker; but before doing that Government to the needs of these famous wonders, not only to pre- I want to say just a word of tribute to Dr. George Otis Smith, the serve their beauty, which of course will be preserved, since it can not Director of the United States Geological Survey, for the very great be destroyed, but to make that beauty within the reach and enjoy- interest which he has always taken in our national-park problems. ment and pleasure of the great population of the country. The Con- We have drawn freely on the survey at all times, with Dr. Smith's gress invariably hesitates to take any step along such a line because very hearty support, the initiative coming largely from him, with it is to be perpetual; Members always inquire when a project is pro- suggestions from him as to where and how he could benefit us, with posed: "Well, what is to be the end of this thing?" If we under- all who are under him in authority giving freely of their time and take to develop it by the National Government, it means appropria- energy, we owe to the Geological Survey a very large part of any tions, and the little money this year, will mean more next year. It success that has been attained in the development of the national will be cumulative, and Congress is always hesitant on undertaking parks. anything that is to be perpetual. If it is temporary, they are apt to I have pleasure in introducing to you Dr. George Otis Smith. do it quickly, but if it is to be perpetual, they say, What is to be the end of it?' GEORGE OTIS SMITH, DIRECTOR OF THE UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL Now, my friends, while that is true, the Grand Canyon is one of SURVEY. the famous wonders of the world that the Government can afford to expend money upon, to make its reality common property to the THE SURVEY'S CONTRIBUTION TO THE NATIONAL-PARK MOVEMENT. people who might seek its wonders if the Government would but Mr. Chairman, ladies, and gentlemen, this is a contribution which take it in hand and make it more accessible. Our Secretary, under the Geological Survey had not expected to make at this time, and I whose power it is, will tell you that the economic idea of it ought will further assure the chairman and you, ladies and gentlemen, that not to be in the way, for in all probability it can be made self-sup- as chairman from now on I will see that the next speaker before you porting. But let me ask the question, even though it can not be made is not allowed to encroach upon the time of the speakers who follow. self-supporting, or conceding that it can not, is it a useless expendi- If I overrun my allotted time, I will call myself to time. ture of money or a waste of money for the Government to make It is an opportunity which I welcome to address here to-day this accessible to the population of the country as well as of all countries National Parks Conference and speak on the contribution of the the greatest wonder of the world. I do not think it is a waste of United States Geological Survey to the national-park movement. money, and all that I can do for you as a Member of Congress is to I welcome the opportunity to address this National Parks Con- voice my approval and simply say in these few minutes that I ain ference simply to assure you that the contribution of the United thoroughly convinced that this ought to be made a national park. States Geological Survey to the movement for national playgrounds I am convinced that the Government ought to go beyond making it a is not only a fact of the past but also a promise of the future. As national park, but should proceed to build roads, to make camps, and 103587°-17-21 MINUTES OF THE EIGHTH NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE HELD IN I.ES. VERDE NATION-L P.RK. COLORADO OCTOBER 1, TO 5. 1925, INCLUSIVE 01/30/2021 photo35.jpg (750x528) GB! inpshistory.com/centennial/0916/photo35.jpg 1/1 PHOTOGRAPH OF THE MEMBERS OF THE EIGHTH CONFERENCE NATIONAL PARE SUPERINTHTO Background I Spruce Tree couse, Mesa Verde Park Reclaim fro: Left to Right BACK ROW, STANDING:- Nathan it. lorgan; Charles J. Kraebel; F. W. Schmoe, Jesse L. Nusbaum; R. T. Evens; D. H. Burrell; C. P. Russell; J. Ross Eakin; Roger it. Toll; Dr. Joseoh Bolten; Jolonel J. R. White, rusel hall; H. B. Hommon, B. Cammerer; Stephen i. Mather; Relph D. Clapp; Geo. B. Dorr; Dr. L. I. Hewes. A FRONT ROW, KNEELING:- 0. Tomlinson; W. I. Hawlins; Joseph Joffe; Thos. C. Vint; Forest L. Carter; Roy siazell; Frunk Finkley; W. B. Levis; Deric Nusbaun; Dan R. Hull; Horace 11. Albright; C. G. Thouson. - 9 - the superintendents should know about, Superintendents Urged to Know Other Parks "I want the superintendents to know other areas and not only their own parks, and a knowledge of the scenery that lies outside the parks. There is a world of scenery outside tying in between our parks, and I hope the superintendents will be able to take in other sections than you did coming out here, in order that you may get 2 better idea of this wonderful country from the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Coast. "I think one of the things which should be pushed is to show the reilroad people that they must continue to keep up their share of the trevel to the parks by advertising whole sections. Mr. Harry Chandler of the Los Angeles Times has been putting up a proposition to the people in Portland to advertise the whole Coast, and not by individual sections. The railroads have become in- terested in the proposition and will probably carry on some of their advertising with it, It is one of the biggest propositions which has been planned for publicity for the whole West. "Never before have I found so much interest by people in the cities in park problems. I was very much impressed by the spirit shown at a meeting held by the Oakland Forum in San Francisco. From there I went up to Stockton and I realized through work done by Elmer Reynolds, and his Stockton Record, that his work has helped to educate people of Stockton in a most marvelous way. He has really done a great work in making that a sort of national park town, and with Elmer Reynolds present here, I want to pay him that tribute for the great work he is doing. Rosenthal with the Oakland Tribune is trying to do the same thing. Perhaps very big cities do not get it the same way, but cities like Stockton seem to have a little time for looking into things that are really worth while and count so much in this life of ours. The Problem of Automobile Fees "One thing I want you all to be thinking about is the question of automobile fees. I have been discussing the question of fees with members of automobile clubs of California, I have discussed it with i.r. Crawton and a little bit with one or two of you. I believe that if we are going to continue the fees we have got to be in a position to frankly defend them and have logical arguments for them. I 3m beginning to think that when we have 3 road across the country, an absolutely necessary highway across the country as will be the - 58 - Giant Forest Conditions In speaking of conditions in Giant Forest COLONEL WHITE told how it had become necessary to close certain areas to travel in order to pre- serve the natural conditions, and that in congested areas, it is going to be necessary to assign some men to the task of restoring native conditions, and added: "We early recognized that the Giant Forest community, like Topsy, just growed. It is impossible to handle large numbers of people around the big trees without doing harm. At the General Shermur tree I put over three or four feet of dirt around it. The automobiles have been pounding around the trees. We have posted logs there CO keep the automobiles away and we have restored dirt so that the growth is coming up fine again." Colonel White said that he had been trying to get his rangers to study ferns, and with regard to the removal of camps in his park he stated, that he believed it was going to be necessary to have the camps in a non-scenic, or non-wooded area, and that if he could develop smaller areas with native vegetation between it would be preferable. Lafayette Park Educational Work MR. DORR made it known that in Lafayette Park the nature work has been done independently of the Government. He described the Marine Biological Station there. When asked about the Sequoia trees in his park Mr. Dorr stated that they were doing very well and, that they are grown under glass in winter. He said that one thing he did wish to do in his park is to pick out certain exceptionally favorable areas and bring into them the plants they have lost, and make them wild gardens represent- ing the native flora of a large region. Rocky Mountain Park Educational Work In speaking about the educational work in Rocky Mountain Park M.R. TOLL said: "The educational work there began three years 230 with the em- ployment of a ranger naturalist for a three months period. This has been continued for the past two years, What we need now to make the work successful is to have a lecture hall where the talks can be given directly in a Government building under Government suspices. As it is now there is one large hotel, and three smaller ones that are operating under franchise. Then just outside the park boundary I 92 I MR. MATHER stated that the worst situation in this respect would be in California where the climate is warm, and he cited specific instances where people came into the parks, and stayed for a considerable time but caused no difficulties. He said that he did not believe we were following a bad policy by letting a man stay around a park, but that we do want to he on the lookout for the automobile hobo who comes to the park and stays, and becomes a charge on the Park or his fellow campers, Housekeeping Cabins With regard to housekeeping cabins MR. EAKIN stated that practic- ally all municipal campgrounds, and other campgrounds along the highways provide cabins, in which are a bed and some crude cooking utensils, that people coming to the Grand Canyon expect to find similar conditions there, but that it has been necessary to tell them that they are not available. MR. ALBRIGHT stated that the park utilities should be made to put in such cabins and that this practice was already being followed in the Yellowstone, the utilities making the installation. MR. LEWIS expressed the belief that it is a proposition that should be handled entirely by the park utilities. MR. MATHER stated that this was a problem for each superintendent to handle, that they should take the matter up with their own operators, and have them provide this kind of accommodation. He also asked Assistant Landscape Engineer Vint to look over this type of accommodation, and work out something from the National Park Service point of view, as he believed that the cabin idea or something similar to it will have to be developed in the national park campgrounds. Campgrounds in Lafayette Park MR. MATHER then exolained the condition of the carppgrounds in Lafayette Park, telling how MR. DORR was utilizing for campgrounds places GBT. away from the absolutely scenic areas and how he is thereby solving his future problems when great crowds begin to come. Cooperation With Forest Service MR. LEVIS and MR. ALBRIGHT told of conditions on approach roads to their parks where cooperation with the Forest Service has resulted in elini- nating promiscuous concessions, gasoline stations, unsightly buildings, etc. - 136 Zion Park Superintendent SUPERINT.INDENT EVANS of Zion National Park, accompanied by Mrs. Evans, drove a new Dodge Touring Car. The trip from Zion to Price, Utah was made without any other cars but at Price he joined ur. Albright's car- avan and continued with it to Mesa Verde Park. His itinerary and comments follow: Sept. 28 Zion Park to Richfield, Utah 183 miles 29 Richfield to Price, Utah 131 30 Price to Monticello, Utah 195 Oct. 1 Monticello to liesa Verde Park 113 6 Mesa Verde to Ouray, Colo 146 7 Curay to Cisco, Utah 170 8 Cisco to Castledale, Utah. 163 9 Castledale to Cedar City, Utal, 219 10 Cedar City to Zion Park 65 Total Mileage 1,385 miles. "Personally I consider my trip a liberal education and a privi- lege. Geographical knowledge can never be too great as it permits one to answer intelligently various questions hurled at National Park offi- cials daily. Ey route lay through colorful southern Utah with the flaming sandstones between Price and Loab, the valls near Moab where the Colorado River enters the Grand Canyon formation, the natural bridges and windows south of Moab; and returning through the mountains of southvestern Colorado there perhaps I saw the finest mountains in height, shape and color that are not included in a national park. The real reason, of course, for the detour through Silverton and Ouray was the Million Dollar Highwayi which displayed the fine points of the really modern countain highway to the park superintendent who is watch- ing the building of roads in his own park. "The conference established acquiintanceship between the park offi. cials and their varied problems, begot a feeling of hely from others and a real inspiration from the leaders that national park affairs are in very cauable Lands indeed. I wish to repeat that it was a priv- ilege to be present. There is neither time nor space here to properly describe Mesa Verde Park and its charming superintendent and wife." Wind Cave Park Superintendent SUPER INTENDENT BRAZELL sent from Wind Gave Nat. Park to Denver by train, t'Lence to liesa Verde Park with Superintendent Toll of Rock Mountain Parl. On the return trip :-e troveled entirely by train. Platt Part Superintendent SUPERINTEIDENT CARTER made the trip from Platt Park to Mesa Verde Park, and return, by train. Lafagette Park Superintendent SUPERINTEND IT'S DOPP made the trip from Isfayette Park to liesa Verde Park, and return, by train. - 157 - Persons Attending Conference The following is a list of the people attending the Eighth National Park Conference: Honorable Stephen T. Lather, Director of the National Park Service. Arno D. Camerer, assistant Director of the National Park Service. Horace 10. Albright, Superintendent of Yellowstone National Park and Field ssistant to the Director, Mrs. Albright and two children. Dr. Joseph E. Bolten, Superintendent of Hot Springs National Park. John R. White, Superintendent of Sequoia and General Grant National Parks, lrs. hite and daughter. W. B. Lewis, Superintendent of Yosenite National Park, and Lrs. Lewis. O. - Tonlinson, Suberintendent of Ilount Rainier National Park. C. G. Thouson, Superintendent of Crater Iake National Park, and Hrs. Thomson. Roy Brazell, Superintendent of Wind Cave National Park. F. I. Carter, Superintendent of Platt National Park. Jesse L. Nusbaun, Superintendent of Less Verde National Park, Lrs. Nusbaun and son. Charles J. Vraebel, Superintendent of Glacier National Park, and hrs. Kreebel. Roger to Toll, Superintendent of Rocky Lountain National Park. J. Ross Eakin, Super intendent of Grand Canyon National Park, and Mrs. Eakin. George 3. Dorr, Superintendent of Lafayette National Park. R. T. Evans, Superintendent of Zion National Park, and Mrs. Evans. Frank Pinkley, Suberintendent of Southwest Monuments, and Mrs. Pinkley. D. I. Hull, Chief Landscape Engineer, National Park Service. E. J. Notison, Sanitary Engineer, U. S. Public Health Service, and acting Chief Sanitary Engineer of the National Park Service. This. C. vint, Assistant Landscape Engineer, National Park Service. Bert E. Currell, Acting Chief Civil Engineer, National Park Ser- vice, and Mrs. Burrell. insel I. Hall, Chief Park Naturalist, National Park Service. F. 1. Schmoe, Paris Naturalist, it. Rainier National Park. C. P. Hussell, Park Naturalist, Yossiite National Park, and Ilr. Aussell. Jose h Joffe, Secretary to the Superintendent of Yellowstone National Dark and Secretary to the Conference, and Mrs. Joffe. I 138 - W. I. Hawkins, Hollister, California, Custodian of Pinnacles National Monument. James V. Lloyd, Ranger, Yosemite National Park, and official photographer and press representative of the Conference, Ralph B. Clapp, Ranger, Sequoia National Park. Nathan iv. loogan, Portland, Oregon, Bridge Engineer, National Park Service, and Mrs. Lorgan. Dr. L. I. Hewes, San Francisco, Deputy Chief Engineer, U. S. Bureau of Public Roads. Major General H. C. Hale, Chicago, Illinois, Retired U. S. Army Officer. G. Elmer Reynolds, Stockton, California, Managing Editor of Stockton Record. Howard H. Hays, Riverside, California, Former President of Yellowstone Park Canos Company. (Mr. Hays left the Mesa Verde Park on October 2nd and did not attend any of the meetings). Frank 1. Wadleigh, Denver, Colorado, Passenger Traffic Manager, D. & R. G. 7. Railroad. (iir. Wadleigh left the Nesa Verde Park on October 2nd and did not attend any of the meetings)." George L. Beam, Official Photographer, D. & R. G. W. Railroad. Gunnar Widforss, Noted Swedish Artist and painter of National Park scenes. Gus Holm's, Denver, Colorado, Executive Secretary of the Park-to-Park Highway Association. D. R. litchell, Manager, D. R. Mitchell Tours, Inc., Casper, Wyoming. Francis H. Miller, Temporary Ranger, Yellowstone National Park (Un- official - off duty NEX and at si n expense). O JOSEPH JOFFE Secretary. Homeward Bound By Yardley National Park Superintendents and Their "Boss" G etting Back to the Job Full of Pep n' Everything MESA VERDE CONFERENCE NOW LETS GO IDEAS PEP WINTER GAS co- OPERATION NPS From Stockton (California) Record, Oct. 10, 1925. MINUTES OF THE NINTH NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE HELD IN WASHINGTON, D. C. NOVEMBER 15, TO 20, 1926, INCIUSIVE The ninth conference of the field representatives of the Nationa Park Service, called for November 15 to 20, 1926, met in the Board Room of the National Fine Arts Commission, Interior Department Building, Washingtc D. C., and was opened at 9.30 A. M., November 15, 1926 by Honorable Stephen T. Mather, Director of the National Park Service. History of National Park Conferences National Park Conferences, including the present Washington, D. C. conference, have been held as follows: First: - Yellowstone National Park, September 11 and 12, 1911, Secretary of Interior Walter L. Fisher presiding. Second:- Yosemite National Park, October 14 and 15, 1912, Secretary of Interior Walter L. Fisher presiding. Third: - Borkeley, California and San Francisco, Cali- fornia, March 11 to 13, 1915, inclusive, Assistant Secre- tary of the Interior Stephen T. Mather presiding. Fourth: - Washington, D. C., January 3 to 6, 1917, in- clusive, Secretary of the Interior Franklin K. Lane and Assistant Secretary of the Interior Stephon T. Mather pre- siding. Fifth: - Denver, Colorado, and Rocky Mountain National Park, November 13 to 16, 1919, inclusive, Director of the National Park Service Stephan T. Mather presiding. Sixth: - Yosemite National Park, November 13 to 17, 1922, inclusive, Assistant Director of the National Park Service Arno B. Cammerer presiding. Seventh:- - Yollowstone National Park, October 21 to 28, 1923, inclusivo, Assistant Director of the National Park Service Arno B. Cammorer presiding. Eighth: - Mosa Vordo National Park, Colorado, October 1 to 5, 1925, inclusive, Director of the National Park Ser- vico Stophen T. Mather presiding. Ninth: - Washington, D. C., November 15 to 20, 1926, inclusivo, Director of tho National Park Servico Stephan T. Mathor presiding. Tho Membership of the Conference The following field roprosentativos of tho National Park Sor- vice wore present: SING in YELLOWSTONE SEVENTH MEETING National Park Service and National Park Superintendents Mammoth Hot Springs, Oct. 22-28 - Inclusive 1923 MATHER'S GANG (Sung to "Clementine") Hip hooray, hip hooray, For the Conference in Yellowstone, There is Crosby from Grand Canyon And Nusbaum digging bones, There is Thomson, Toll and Tomlinson, And Boles from Hawaii (Ha-wa-e) There is Cammerer and Mather Both from Washington, D. C. Next comes Brazell and Farquhar, From Maine Dorr doth hold forth, White and Lewis from California, And Karstens way up north, Hull and Goodwin and Dr. Waring, Frank Pinkley and Eakin, too, Then Reusch and Horace Albright Now our roll call is through. But don't forget we have the ladies And others with smiles and barks* All banded here together To boost for National Parks So once again now let us cheer For the service one and all And a big one for Steve Mather He made Parks a world-wide call. Apologies-We had to complete the rhyme. -2- MUMMY SONG (Tunes "Long, Long Trail") It's a short, short life we live here, so let us jazz while we may, With song for every moment of the whole bright day; What's the use of looking gloomy, or what's the use of our tears, When we know a nummy's had no fun for more'n three thousand years. [Ninth National Park Conference, Washington, I D.C.] - I - [Nov. 15-20,1926] INDEX To Minutes Of NINTH NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE ACCOUNTING PROBLEMS (Wilt) - 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71. ACCOUNTING SYSTEM, Uniform (H.A.A.Smith) - 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53. ACCOUNTS and Fiscal Matters - 45. ACCOUNTS OF OPERATORS, Examination of (Gable) - 59. ACTIVITIES of Inspectors (Bable) - 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60. ADVERTISING REGULATION - 181. AFTERNOON SESSION, November 17th - 73, AFTERNOON SESSION, November 18th - 119. AFTERNOON SESSION, November 19th - 158. AFTERNOON SESSION, November 20th - 184. ALBRIGHT, HORACE M. (Superintendent of Yellowstone National Park and Assistant Director (Field) Authority of - 186. Presiding at Morning Session, November 18th - 96. Remarks by, on: Allocation of Road Funds 99. Appropriations Available Before Beginning Fiscal Year - 85. Benefits of Registration - 153, 154, 155. Bibliographies - 183. Budget Reserve - 88, 89. Checking Out Automobiles - 153, 154. Checking Station Rangers - 151, 152. Classification - 31, 32, 33. Collecting Data at Entrances - 150, 151. Comparison of Positions in Various National Parks - 36, 37, 38. Cooperation with Bureau of Public Roads - 96. Cost Accounting System - 72. Cost Accounts - 93. Distribution of Literature and Maps at Entrances - 154. Dog and Cat Regulation - 173, 174. Driverself Service in the Parks - 157. Dude Ranch Parties in Ranch Cars - 165. Dust Proofing Roads - 101. Emergency Fund - 85. Entrance Checking at Glacier National Park - 155. Entrance Checking at Yellowstone National Park - 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155. Funds for Road Construction - 98, 99. Manual of Regulations for Park Service - 34. Nature Notes - 183. Nature Trails - 137. Oiling Roads - 116, 118. Opening and Closing Hours of Parks - 154. Peak Loads in Travel - 83. - III - BLOSSOM, Wilson A. (Inspector, National Park Service) Remarks by, on: Cash Registers at Entrance Stations - 140, 141, 142, 143. Protecting Park Operators - 161. BRIGHT, J. S. (Asst. Deputy Chief Engineer, B.P.R., San Francisco) Introduced - 101. Remarks by, on: Oiling Roads - 118. BUDGET BUREAU (Bailey) - 79. BUDGET BURBAU AND COMPTROLIER GENERAL VISIPPOINTS - 90, 91, 92. BUDGET RESERVE - 86, 87, 88, 89. BUDGET SYSTEM (Bailey) - 78, 79. BUILDING REGULATIONS $Gries) - 78. BUREAU OF EDUCATION (Tigert) - 39, 40, 42, 43, 44. BUREAU OF PUBLIC ROADS COOPERATION (Albright) - 96. BUREAU OF PUBLIC ROADS ENGINEERS Introduced - 100, 101. BUREAU OF PUBLIC ROADS Resolution of Appreciation to - 168. BURNEY, A. V. (Maintenance Engineer, National Park Service) Remarks by, on: Centralizing and Standardizing Purchases - 130, 131, 132, 133, 134. BURRELL, B. H. (Acting Chief Civil Engineer, National Park Service) Remarks by, on: Advertising Regulation - 181. Character of Old Roads in Parks - 102, 103. Cost Accounting System - 72. Fishing Regulations - 171. Oiling Roads - 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 117, 118. Road Maintonance - 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115. Sprinkling of Roads - 105, 106, 107. Treatment of Roads - 103, 104, 105. Use of Calcium Chloride on Roads - 107, 108, 109. BURYING ANIMALS IIT PARK Regulation - 176. CALAVERAS GROVES ASSOCIATION Resolution of Approval to - 168. CALCIUM CHLORIDE ON RO'DS (Burrell) - 107, 108, 109. CAMERA Regulation - 180. CAMMERER, ARNO B. (Assistant Director, National Park Service) Presiding at Morning Session, November 16th - 9. Presiding at Afternoon Session, November 18th - 140. Presiding at Afternoon Session, November 20th - 184. Remarks by, on: Advertising Regulation - 181. Appropriations Available Before Beginning Fiscal Year - 86. Authority of Mr. Albright - 186. Automobile Entrance Fee - 170. Budget Reserve - 88, 89. Classification - 32, 33. - X - KRAEBEL, CHARLES J. (Continued) Remarks by, on: Dog and Cat Regulation - 174, 175, 176. Dude Ranch Parties in Ranch Cars - 165. Emergency Fund - 85, 93. Entrance Checking at Glacier Park - 155. Fishing Regulations - 172. Information Signs at Park Gateways - 153. Manual of Regulations - 35. Oiling Roads - 116, 117. Personnel Matters - 20, 21. Rent Cars in the Parks - 161, 165, 166. Two Per Cent Personnel Club - 28. LANDSCAPE AND ENGINEERING DIVISIONS (Cammerer) - 193. LEAVE REGULATIONS - 25. LEAVES OF ABSENCE As Recommended By Personnel Committee - 185, 186. LEAVITT, E. P. (Assistant Superintendent, Yosemite National Park) Remarks by, on: Entrance Checking in Yosemite Park - 143, 144, 145. Justifications for Appointments - 35. Personnel Matters - 23. LETTER from L. 7. PATTERSON Regarding Rent Car Situation - 163, 164. LEWIS, W. B. (Superintendent, Yosemite National Park) Remarks by, on: Appropriations Available Before Beginning Fiscal Year - 85. Checking Out Lutomobiles - 154. Classification - 32. Comparison of Positions in Various National Parks - 36. Dog and Cat Regulation - 173, 174, 175. Entrance Checking at Yosemite Park - 145. Oiling Roads - 118. Opening and Closing Hours of Parks - 154. Peak Loads in Travel - 82. Personnel Matters - 21, 22, 30. Rent Cars in the Parks - 159, 161, 163. Rules and Regulations as Sales Publication - 183. Two Per Cent Personnel Club - 28. LITERATURE AND MAPS LT ENTRANCES, Distribution of (4lbright) - 154. LOCATING PEOPLE In The Parks - 148, 149. MAINTAINING REGISTERS (Gable) - 157. MAINTENANCE OF ROADS (Burrell) - 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115. MANUAL OF REGULATIONS For Park Service - 34, 35. MATHER, STEPHEN T. (Director, National Park Service) Memorandum from, regarding Entrance Fees - 170. Opening of Conference By - 2. Presiding at Lfternoon Session, November 17th - 73. Remarks by, on: American Automobile Association Cooperation - 9, 10. Drivurself Hearings - 4, 5. Eastern National Parks - 5, 6, 7. Motion Pictures of Parks - 119. - XI - MEMBERSHIP OF CONFERENCE - 1, 2. MERRIAM, JOHN C. (President, Carnegie Institution) Introduced - 76. Remarks by - 76, 77. MERRILL, O. C. (Executive Secretary, Federal Power Commission) Introduced - 145. Remarks by, on Protection of Scenic Beauty - 145, 146, 147. Summer Homes on Reservoir Sites - 147. MINING OPERATIONS Lit The Grand Canyon - 171. MORNING SESSION, November 15th - 1. MORNING SESSION, November 16th - 9. MORNING SESSION, November 17th - 39. MORNING SESSION, November 18th - 96. MORNING SESSION, November 19th - 140. MORNING SESSION, November 20th - 167. MOSKEY, George A. (Law Officer, National Park Service) Presiding at Morning Session, November 20th - 167. Remarks by, on: Advertising Regulation - 181. Authorized Operators Regulation - 181. Bibliographies - 183. Burying Animals in Park Regulation - 176. Camera Regulation - 180. Camping Regulation - 177, 178. Contracts Not Exceeding One Thousand Dollars - 170. Dog and Cat Regulation - 173, 176. Drumming in Hot Springs National Park Regulation - 181. Fire Regulation - 178. Fishing Regulation - 171, 172. Grazing Regulation - 180. Hunting Regulation - 179. Mining Operations at Grand Canyon - 171. Patented Lands Regulation - 182. Preservation of Natural Features and Curiosities Regulation - 176, 177. Private Operations Regulation - 179, 180. Rules and Regulations - 169, 171, 172, 173, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180. Travel Regulations - 172. MOTION PICTURES of the Parks (Horsley) - 119. NAMING POINTS OF INTEREST (Cammerer) - 193, 194. NATIONAL COMMISSION OF FINE ARTS Resolution of Appreciation to - 169. NATIONAL PARKS IN THE EAST Remarks on, by Colonel Glenn Smith - 5. NATIONAL PARK SYSTEM (Yard) - 139. ELTIONAL FEATURES AND CURIOSITIES Regulation, Preservation of - 177, 178 NATURE NOTES - 183. NATURE TRAILS (Hall) - 135, 136, 137. - 2 - HORACE M. ALBRIGHT, Assistant Director (Field) and Super- intendont of Yollowstono National Park. JOSEPH BOLTEN, Supcrintondont of Hot Springs National Park. A. 7. BURNEY, Maintenance Engineer, National Park Servico. BERT H. BURRELL, Acting Chief Civil Engineer, National Park Service. L. 17. COLLINS, Acting Supor Intendent of Lasson Volcanic National Park. GEORGE Be DORR, Superint and ant of Lafayette National Park. J. ROSS EAKIN, Superintendent of Grand Canyon National Park. R. T. EVANS, Acting Superintendent of Zion National Park. ANSEL F. HALL, Chiof Park Naturalist, National Park Service. DANIEL R. HULL, Chiof Landscape Engineer, National Park Ser- vicc. H. P. KARSTENS, Superintendent of Mt. McKinley National Park. C. J. KRAEBEL, Superintendont of Glacior National Park. E. P. LEAVITT, Acting Superint andont of Yosemito National Park. 178 B. LEVIS, Superintendent of Yosemito National Park. J: I. NUSBAUM, upor intondont of Mosa Vordo National Park. J. T. NEEDHAM, Custodian of Muir ;Foods National Monument. C. G. THOMSON, Suporintendont of Crator Lake National Park. ROGER "7o TOLL, Supor intendont of Rocky Mountain National Park. 0. A. TOMLINSON, Super intondont of Mt. Rainior National Park. THOS. €. VINT, Associato Landscapo Engineer, National Park Service. JOHN R. WHITE, Superintendent of Sequoia and General Grant National Parks. There wore also present: HONORABLE W. W. CORY, Deputy Minister of Canada. J. B. HARKIN, Commissioner of Canadian National Parks. ROBERT WILLLIMS, of Yosomite Park and Curry Company, oper- ating in Yosemite National Park. W. E. BRANCH, former Supor intendant of Platt National Park. GARNET HOLME, Pageant Master of the National Park Service. E. T. SCOYEN, Chiof Ranger of Grand Canyon National Park. H. B. HOMMON, Sanitary Engineer for the U. S. Public Health Service. WILLIAM HORSLEY, Motion Picture Company hoad of Hollywood, Cal. Director Mather Opens tho Conference DIRECTOR MATHER: I think it is appropriate to open the con- for once by reading a lotter I have just recoived from a former Socretary of the Interior, the Honorable Malter L. Fisher, who was the first one to start the idea of conferences, when ho callod the first conference in Yollowstone National Park in 1911. He says: - 40 - Educational York in National Parks I am very much interested in the educational work being devel- oped in the national parks under Mr. Mather's leadership. In the new emphasis that has been placed upon the educational phase of the parks I think there is a value that will increase to a point where few of you realize. For a long time we thought in this country that an education was something that could be gathered by getting children into a formal school and continuing in school for six, seven and eight years. We now know that-this is folly and that education is an articulation with life and its realities and it is only possible to educate while you live and that education is a constant process of adjustment from the "beginning to the end of life. Educational forces that might be considered as informal educational forces now operate upon the individual as he begins to orient himself in life, and there are not many forces today that seem to be offer- ing a larger opportunity for education in this vital way than these great - reservations or parks to which the American people are turning in such large numbers. There are many aspects of this education that have occurred to all of us. Congressman Louis C. Cramton Introduced DIRECTOR MATHER asked Dr. Tigert if he could interrupt him for a moment in order to present Mr. Cramton who had to get away to the Capi- tol. Gentlemen, I would like to introduce Mr. Louis C. Cramton, of Lapeer, Michigan, the best friend the parks have ever had. He has done more than any combination of Chairmen of the Appropriations Committee. Remarks by Congressman Louis C. Cramton HONORABLE LOUIS C. CRAMTON:- I cannot understand any one in- teFrupting an address of Dr. Tigert to let me In on the stage except on the theory that Mr. Mather has a desire to have it over with quickly. I was delighted at the invitation from the Director of the National Park Service to come in this morning and give a word of greeting to you men of -field force of the National Pärk Service. - I lead sort of a dog's life. None of you men from the great open spaces where you are monarch of all you survey, whose favorite sport is Telling everybody what they have got to do there, realize what it is to be a Member of Congress and beyond that not only to be a Member of Coñgross but to be on the Appropriations Com- mittee. You perhaps have observed in your contäct with the dministration of the Government how very keenly poople who are in the Government service want money to carry on their activities. I think some of you have been nndeavoring to urge some of your wants. Our obsorvation in tho Appropria- tions Committee-is that when we-give you what you want you take it as a muttar of course. It is when we deny what is asked that our unpopularity brgins, and In that service that I have had in the läst fivo years as a ember OF the Committee making up the bill for the Department of the In- torior we have had our share of denying things requested. I once suggested - 41 - to a Secretary of the Interior that whom the Lord Ioveth He chasteneth, and he must accept what ine gave in that spirit. He expressed a desire that we wouldn't love him quite so much. We are now engaged this week in the sixth framing of the bill that will go before the House and the Park Service has been a safety-valve for me. am not Scotch by birth, only by marriage, and so underlying this veneer of economy there is a desire to occasionally take splürge with the Government's money, and I think it has found Its best expression in connection with the Park Service. Of course, you think'so. Mr. Mather feels that he has never seen any such splurge in his direction but am speaking comparatively. We hoId down the others. We started our hearings Monday, and you have no idea of the care we are taking in order to find some place in the bill -- we mustn't go above the Budget total where we can subtract something that we can add to the Park bill. One year we put in about $15,000 for Mesa Verde and some money down for Zion, and one place and another, and we took fifty cents off the Yellowstone appropriation, just in order to mäke it even money and I have never ceased to hear about it. I have really come to believe that if we ever foolwith the appropriation for the Yellowstone at all we might as well take out enough to make somebody alse happy instead of fooling with any fifty cent proposition. Seriously, one of the great compensations of the work on that bill -- and we haven't always thought it was fully appreciated -- is the opportunity we have had to cooperate in the work of a Department that is doing a constructive work For the country and In all of that Department our greatest delight has been in the contact we have had with the Park Service. It's a won- derful organization that you men mäke up. The work that you are doingTis a wonderful work, and in importance greater than you yourselves realize. I have, as has the Committee, taken a special interest in this work. We got In somewhere near the beginning of the National Park Service. While there were parks before they didn+t really amount to much until a Park Service was organized under the leadership of the present Director. That was the first that anybody began Eo take the parks seriously, when Stephen T. Mather permitted his name to bo connected up with them in 1916. Then the war came on and there was Little of development. When in 1921 we com- menced our work we were very nearly back to the beginning with Mr. Mather. The thing that appeals to me is that you are laying the very foundations of a system of National Parks such as no other country in the world over has - known and a system of parks that will constantly grow to greater importance in the actual life of the nation; a system of parks that is destined to continue as long as this nation enduros, playing its part in the devolop- ment and destinics of many people, and you are laying the foundations. You -determining the policies that shall govern the development and use or those parks; you are determining the way in which those parks shall Serve in the life of the nation. I think it is always more interesting to be in at the beginning and help lay the foundation and line up the poli- cini than it is when everything is developed and set in rigid linos to como in and morely administer. We are interested not only because -- I am speaking now as a Member of the Appropriations Committee and I think I-may go farther and speak for the Congress -- I can say to you in perfect frank- ness and Without the-slightest exaggeration that there is no branch of the Government in all the one hundred and more bureaus of the Government, - 42 - there is no branch of the service that stands higher in the esteem or com- mands more of the interest of Congress today than the National Park Service. It isn't always understood by the critics just what-a system of parks may mean in the development of the "life of a nation. We have a pretty high appreciation of it and we appreciate not only the fact that you are laying the foundations but we appreciate the leadership which you have in this work. I don't believe there has ever been any one in the Government service with higher Ideals, finer executive ability, more generosity in handling his own money, and more economy in handling the Government's money than your Director, Mr. Mather. Not the least of his qualifications, as the work of over ten years is spread on the records of the Government, has been his capacity for assembling men and inspiring them with the same zeal and spirit that he himself has. I don't think you could get anywhere in the Government" finer bunch of men than you are here. Those who know how seIdom I engage in comments of this kind know I am speaking sincerely. My ideas do not always obtain in the development of those parks. I know that & wonderful natural life. I know too of the Pack Rats that they have in the Yellowstone Park to be sure. You can hear them every night in your cabin. I do think, however, there ought to be some few fish in some of the parks and it ought to be all right for a Member of Congress to catch a fish Occasionally within regulations. I have seen no occasion anywhere for the limit on fish that could be caught. I think there should be a mini- mum.established I have come here in the middle of a real speech from Dr. Tigert who heads one of the very important Bureaus of this Department. I don't want Dr. Tigert to feel Too much worried. We have never taken any money out of his Bureau to give it to yours, perhaps because we haven't thought of it. I can only say this to you: You can go ahead with your work know- ing that on the Hill we are interested. The Government has a great bürden and many times many things are asked which Congress would like to give ex- cope that it is not possible to give all the appropriations that we would are introsted, we have confidence in the Park Service and in its Inadership, and WC want to cooperato with you in every way we can for your success. I thank you for lotting mc come into this meeting. Dr. Tigert Resumes His Remarks 240F DR. TIGERT:- I have finished my speech. -I am glad to have the opportunity of boing here and I am very glad to have had some indication of what is running in Mr. Cramton's mind. I noticed that you were very much interested, and I was too. I don't think that I have ever soon a man of such contrasting moods as Mr. Cramton. Ho is very different this morn- ing thän he is sometimes when we go up there and try to ask him to receive us. Ho isn't always as generous and smiling, although I must say that Mr. Cramton has always bech extremely genörous with us. I can `remember, Mr. Cramton, when I came here about six years ago, that a member of Congress, - 43 - whom I won't name now because lie has been moved up stairs to the Senate, said, When you go over there to Congress before the Approprictions Com- mittee and ask for appropriations, you ought to be treated like a sentle- man, "but you needñ't expect that. We have hard boiled people in Congress as well as elsewhere." I want to say here, regardless of what you may do to our appropriation that I have never seen any indication of this hard boiled spirit in Mr. Cramton and his committee, and I really think that Mr. Cramton is doing a wonderful work in going into things and analyzing them as carefully as he does over there. I don't think there is anyone who takes his work as seriously, and we know when We go up there we have to make out a good case and justify our expenditures or we von't get them, and if we keep faith with Mr. Cramton andThis committee we are going to get consideration. Mr. Cramton, we are well satisfied with the treatment we have received. I don't think Mr. Crämton has ovorestimat-a the value of the work of the parks. I don't know whether I could approve everything ho said about Mr. Mather. I associate a little more intimately with him and I know some things about him that Mr. Cramton dons not, but I think what he said about him is true in the main. I am perfectly willing to acknowledge that he is an inspiration to all of us, and as we mcet him from day to day we imbibo some of his spirit, something of his ideals. Some of us are not able to br as generous as he is in the expenditure of his own money when Congress fails to realizo our needs. Mr. Mather was very good to invite me down here to talk on some OF the educational advantages of the parks. We have a groat many problems developing in our lives of a nature which the education provided in the parks goes a-long way to solve. I made a statement recently somowhere that our knowledge of the human factors of civilization are ranked boyond the material factors in cIvilization. Someone questioned that. And yot WC have roally made a grost deal more progress in what is called the spirit of human relations. Onco WO had cannibals and -first idea was self preservation. I illustrated by telling of a man who camo into Washington in a Ford auto- mobile. He got out of the car and somo people noticed that he was covered with blood and they asked, "Can't WC help you"? Ho said, "This is the first experience I have had out with a Ford car. I got along very well until I to the edge of the city, and a-man passed me in a Pierco Arrow. It seemed to. mo that my car had stopped. I got out to crank it, and it ran over no." There is such a thing as relativo progress. Sometimos a thing may bu going along fairly well until something elso comos along and their progross is so much greater that there seems to have been no progress at all. So I think that in some of our national problems our progress has been relatively small as compared to the application of the scientific and phy- sical-1: that We have discovered in other things. We have many national probloms that are confronting us today. I think this great park movemont where American people are getting out for education, recreation and self- Improvement has an unconscious boaring on the solution of some of those front national problems that we hardly realizo today. As I was saying the Mr. Cremton come we find that these methods of education are for oro important than the early curriculum that we go through in the early - 44 - years of life. Mr. Cramton said they provide a safety-valve for him. I think they provide a safety-valve for the American people, and I think that aspect could be dwelt upon for a long time. The Hawaii Conference Mr. Mather said he would like me to say a word about this con- ference called by the President of the United States in conformity with a Joint Resolution of the Senate and House. The thought of this confer- ance is to provide an opportunity for better understanding of our neigh- bors, particularly those bordering on the Pacific Ocean. I believe that If we In The United States have developed any new thought, or through our experience gethered"any information with reference to feasible things such as schools, the development of our arid areas and the development of our parks, etc., that we have no reason to keep those things under a bushel, but that we should be glad and willing to share them with our neighbors. This is the object of the conference which will assemble in Hawaii from April 11th 16th, inclusive, and all the countries bordering on the Pacific Ocean, including those having territorial interests in the Paci- fic, have been invited to -send representatives to participate in this conference. It has been WeIl"said by Mr. Cramton that the United States is the Pioneer. Some of these countries have already sent their repre- sentatives into our parks"to study them, their administration and poli- cies, so we expect to make that one of the three main features of this conference, and your distIngüished Director and our friend Mr. Mather will have charge of the récreation section of the conference. We are very much surprised at the amount of interest that has been displayed and the number of people expressing a desire to come to this conference. Wo hope it is going to have ä success far beyond anything anticipated. to are all in the Interior Department, one family. I think one thing the present Secretary of the Interior hãs accomplished with a great deal of skill and success is what I call "the consciousness of the Department of the Interior". I have a small Burnau of about one hundred persons, and not so long ago I could have asked some of them "What department are you in", and some of them would not have known. They woro not in this building. We have boon intograted into Department. Mr. Mather fools now a great doal more interest in the Burcau of Education than he did years ago. % are all here in one Department working togother in a com- mon interest, and I think this conference of ours out there will help us not only to bring some of our activities before the other people in other parts of the world but will help us to work together. Mr. Domaray Assumes Charge of the Meeting DIRECTOR MATHER then turned the meeting over to Mr. Donaray. YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK LIBRARY MINUTES OF THE TENTH NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE HELD IN SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA FEBRUARY 15, TO 21, 1928, INCLUSIVE National Park Superintendents Pay Homage to Yosemite Members of the National Park Conference party at custodian of Carlsbad Cave National Monument; F. A. the Ahwahnee in Yosemite. Left to right, front row, J. Kittredge, chief engineer of the National Park Service; Ross Eakin, superintendent of Glacier National Park; Owen A. Tomlinson, superintendent of Mt. Rainier Na- Miner R. Tillotson, superintendent of Grand Canyon Na- tional Park; Eivind T. Scoyen, superintendent of Zion Na- tional Park; Dr. Joseph Bolton, superintendent of Hot tional Park; Lynn W. Collins, acting superintendent of Springs National Park; Joseph Joffe, secretary of confer- Lassen Volcanic National Park; Roger W. Toll, superin- ence and assistant superintendent of Yellowstone National tendent of Rocky Mountain National Park; Frank Pinkley, Park; Henry P. Karstens, superintendent of Mt. McKinley superintendent of Southwestern National Monuments; M. National Park; Ralph Clapp, assistant superintendent of D. Daum, acting superintendent Yellowstone National Sequoia National Park. Back row, Jesse L. Nusbaum, su- Park. -Photo by James V. Lloyd perintendent of Mesa Verde National Park; Thomas Boles, [Unfortunately all of the members of the conference party could not be mustered when this photograph was taken.] MINUTES OF THE TENTH NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE HELD IN SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA FEBRUARY 15, TO 21, 1928, INCLUSIVE The tenth conference of the field representatives of the National Park Service, called for February 15 to 21, 1928, inclusive, was held in San Francisco, California, whore the engineering offices of the Nat- ional Park Service are now located, the meetings themselves taking place in the University of California Extension Building, 540 Powell Street, in the California Development Association rooms in the Ferry Building, and in Room 135, Hilgard Hall, University of California, Berkeley. Practically all of the superintendents were in San Fran- cisco on the morning of February 14th. A meeting was held that day in Room 409 of the Underwood Building and the question of uniforms was thoroughly discussed and decisions reached on which the Uniform Committee could draft new uniform regulations to present to the De- partment in Washington. The initial meeting of the conference was opened at 9.20 A. M., February 15, 1928, by Honorable Stephen T. Mather, Director of the National Park Service. History of National Park Conferences National Park Conferences, including the present San Francisco Conference, have been held as follows: First: Yellowstone National Park, September 11 and 12, 1911, Secretary of Interior Walter L. Fisher presiding. Second:- Yosemite National Park, October 14 and 15, 1912, Secretary of Interior Walter L. Fisher presiding. Third:- Berkeley, California and San Francisco, Califor- nia, March 11 to 13, 1915, inclusive, Assistant Secretary of the Interior Stephen T. Mather presiding. Fourth: - Washington, D. C., January 3 to 6, 1917, inclu- sive, Secretary of the Interior Franklin K. Lane and Assist- ant Secretary of the Interior Stephen T. Mather presiding. Fifth:- Denver, Colorado, and Rocky Mountain National Park, November 13 to 16, 1919, inclusive, Director of the National Park Service Stephen T. Mather presiding. Sixth: - Yosemite National Park, November 13 to 17, 1922, inclusive, Assistant Director of the National Park Service Arno B. Commerer presiding. Seventh:- Yellowstone National Park, October 21 to 28, 1923, inclusive, Director of the National Park Service Stephen T. Mather presiding. Eighth:- Mess Verde National Park, Colorado, October 1 to 5, 1925, inclusive, Director of the National Park Ser- vice Stephen T. Mather presiding. Ninth: Washington, D. C., November 15 to 20, 1926, inclusive, Director of the National Park Service Stephen T. Mather presiding. Tenth: San Francisco, California, February 15 to 21, 1928, inclusive, Director of the National Park Service Stephen T. Mather presiding. 2 The Membership of the Conference The following representatives of the National Park Service were in attendance at the various meetings: STEPHEN T. MATHER, Director of the National Park Service, ARNO B. CAMMERER, Assistan: Director of the National Park Service, HORACE M. ALREIGHT, Assistant Director (Field) and Superintendent of Yellowstone National Park, G. A. MOSKEY Assistant to the Director of the National Park Service, FRANK A. KITTREDCE, Ocief Engineer, National Park Service, THOMAS C. VINT, Chief Landscape Engineer, National Park Service, HARRY B. HOMMON, Sanitary Engineer, U. S. Public Health Service, ANSEL F. HALL, Chief Naturalist, National Park Service, JOHN R. WHITE, Superintendent of Sequoia and General Grant National Parks, J. ROSS EAKIN, Superintendent of Glacier National Park, O. A. TOMLINSON, Superintendent of Mt. Rainier National Park, C. G. THOMSON, Superintendent of Crater Lake National Park, ROGER W. TOLL, Superintendent of Rocky Mountain National Park, J. L. NUSBAUM Superiniendent of Mesa Verde National Park, M. R. TILLOTSON, Superintendent of Grand Canyon National Park, EIVEND T. SCOYEN, Cuperintendent of Zion National Park, MERRILL F. DAUM. Assistant Superintendent of Yellowstone National Park, E. P. LEAVITT, Acting Superintendent of Yosemite National Park, DR. JOSEPH BOLTISN, Superintendent of Hot Springs National Park, L. W. COLLINS, Acting Superintendent of Lassen Volcanic National Park, HARRY P. KARSTENS, Superintendent of Lit. McKinley National Park, FRANK PINKLEY, Superintendent of Southwestern National Monuments, THOMAS BOLES Custodian of Carlshad Cave National Monument, JOHN NEEDHAM, Custodian of Muir Woods National Monument, W. I. HAWKINS, Custodian of Pinnacles National Monument, JOSEPH JOFFE, Assistant 00 the Superintendent of Yellowstone National Park and Secretary of the Conference. O. G. TAYLOR, Resident Engineer of Yosemite National Park, C. E. RANDELS, Resident Engineer of Glacier National Park, C. M. Carrel, Resident Engineer of Grand Canyon National Park, Robert D. WATERHOUSE, Resident Engineer of Mt. Rainier National Park, B. H. BURRELL, Engineer, San Francisco Office of the National Park Service, A. W. BURNEY, Assistant Engineer, San Francisco Office of the National Park Service, WARD P. WEBBER, Assistant Engineer, San Francisco Office of the National Park Service, E. A. DAVIDSON, Assistant Landscape Engineer, National Park Service, JOHN WCSKY, Assistant Landscape Engineer, National Park Service, J. W. EMMERT, Assistant Engineer and Chief Electrician of Yosemite National Park. 3 FRED L. CONNER, Chief Clerk of Yosemite National Park, RALPH CLAPP, Ranger, Sequoia National Park, JAMES V. LLOYD, Information Ranger, Yosemite National Park, and Publicity Director for the Conference. CARL BACHEM, Former Inspector for the Interior Department. From day to day, during the meetings, there were present people directly or indirectly connected with the national parks, friends of the national parks who came to listen to the business at hand, sever- al engineers of the Burcan of Public Roads, members of the faculty of the University of California and others who had been requested to prepare papers or attend while discussions on certain problems were under way. When the opportunities presented themselves these people were introduced. The Conference Opens The first meeting of the Conference was held in Room 105 of the University of California Extension Building, 540 Powell Street, and was opened at 9,20 A. M., February 15th, by Honorable Stephen T. Mather, Director of the National Park Service. Honorable James Rolph, Jr.s Mayor of San Francisco, was to have attended this meeting. but as it was impossible for him to be present he was represented by his Private Secretary, Mr. Edward Rainey, member of the Sierra Club and well known in the national parks of California. MR. MATHER: I am certainly glad to see that we have come back again to the City of San Francisco. It is just exactly 13 years next month, Mr. Rainey, since we met here and had our first conference under the present regime. Something has been accomplished since that time. We will know that a little better even when this confer- once is over. I am very glad to have the privilege of having to start this one again. We have the pleasure of having with us Mr. Ed Rainey, Private Secretary to Mayor Rolph, who was also Mayor of this city when we met here before, and who has prospect of being Mayor another four years We are glad to welcome our old friend and follow mountrineer .:C. Rainey. Mr. Edward Ramar Welcomes Members to San Francisco MR. RAINEY: I feel that in speaking to Mr. Mother and to you gentlemen I am welcoming to San Francisco a group of America's most wonderful idealists. Mr. Mather devoted himself to the public ser- vice, and you men, devoting yourselves to the public service, are working for ideals and not compensation. I have had the very great pleasure of abandoning golf every summer for a good many years to spend that month in the High Sierras or in some national park. I cant imagine why any human being wants to stay in a city during that portion of the year. The management of the public in the national parks is so wonderful that, in my opinion, I cannot see It Is Ended in Beauty! By Yardley The Annual Conference of Playground Guardians Has Adjourned Happily NATIONAL PARK CONFERENCE CAPITAN GLACIETE POINT HALF DOME BRIDAL VEIL FALLS RALPH YARDLEY (From the Stockton Record, February 25, 1928) YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK LIBRARY DEMICRIUM NATURAL PARK SERVICE SUPERINTENDENTS OFFICE white 41 Vinit 36 34 37 35 38 39 40 27 41 26 28 29 17 20 30 32 31 33 Superintendent's Conference 16 18 21 19 22 23 14 24 25 Sept. 18-25, 1929 8 9 10 7 11 1 5 13 3 12 2 4 Yellowstone 6 15 Standing on 1. Ansel Hall 4. Horace M. Albright Walk and 2. Frank Kittredge 5. Roger Toll Your E&AA Representatives Grass: 3. Arno B. Cammerer 6. Tom Vint Roger K. Rector Chairman of the Board Richard Hart Vice-Chairman Mary Lou Phillips 7. Thomas Boles 12. John D. Coffman Executive Secretary C.P. Montgomery Treasurer 2nd Row: 8. Charles (White Mtn) Smith 13. Minor Tillotson Earl M. Semingsen Special Membership Officer (1st step) 9. Frank (Boss) Pinckley 14. Edmund Rogers Nancy C. Blauvelt Education Trust Officer 10. Thomas J. Allen 15. Samuel Woodring 11. Charles Goff Thompson Alumni Editor James F. Kieley Alumni Directory Mary June Fugate Circulation Sylvia Johnson 16. 21. Al Solinsky Mid-Atlantic North Atlantic 17. Jesse Nussbaum 22. Employee-Vacant Employee-Bill Locke 3rd Row: 18. Owen A. Tomlinson 23. Arthur Burney Alumni-Ross Sweeny Alumni-Lawrence C. Hadley 19. John T. Needham 24. Antoin J. Snyder 20. Walker Collins 25. Ross Eakin Southeast HFC Employee-Vern Ingram Employee-Richard Russell Alumni-George Fry 26. 30. Eivind Scoyen Midwest NCP 4th Row: 27. 31. Charles Gable Employee-James L. Ryan Employee-Sandra Alley 28. Joe Joffe 32. Joseph Dixon Alumni-Raymond Rundell Alumni-Theodore T. Smith 29. 33. Dorr Yeager Southwest Rocky Mountain Employee-Wayne B. Cone Employee-Wayne W. Bryant Alumni-Tom Ela Alumni-Richard Hart 34. Harry Hommond (PHS) 38. Top: 35. 39. Carl P. Russell Western Pacific Northwest 36. Harry 1. Liek 40. Employee-Harold R. "Bob" Jones Employee-Edward 1. Kurtz 37. Col. John R. White 41. Alumni-Mary Benson Alumni-Victor Dahlberg WASO Denver Service Center Employee-Nancy C. Blauvelt Employee-John J. Reynolds At Large-Conrad L. Wirth 16 be Here Mana H.C. Bumphe 9 22 HORACE MARDEN ALBRIGHT 14144 DICKENS STREET SHERMAN OAKS. CALIFORNIA 91428 (218) 789.8292 September 11, 1979 The Editor, The Courier, National Park Service, Washington, D. C. Dear Editor and Staff: I have enjoyed all issues. of the Courier this year, and have 90 much admiration for all who had a part in the dditing and publication of the journal that I dislike to single out any issue for special comment, except where I can make some contribution of perhaps some value ;perhaps to N.P.S. records. So I refer to the picture on page 9 of the July issue, taken in Sept 19 29, the first year I was the Director of the Service. I can fill in several of the blanks in the listing of names of people in the picture. T he first three rows are complete and correct, except that No. ig missing. He was aa Mr. Williams, whose home was in West Virginia and who was a former state highway official of considerable exper- ience. His brother was Stanfor Univ. physician, and a close friend of Secretary of the Interior Wilbur, who was on leave from the presi- dency of Stanf ord. Mr. Williams wanted to work in the Interior De- partment, and Secretary Wilbur assigned him to various bureaus to find out whether there might be a place for him in one of them. At the time of the Conference, he was assigned to the Park Service. We passed him O: to some other bureau later. I have overlooked No. 16 who as Chas. Gable of our concession staff. Fourth row. No. 26, I am sure was a Bureau of P ublic Roads engineer, but cannot recall his name. No. 27 was H.K. Bishop, a high official of the Bur. of Public Roads and a fine friend of N.P.S. No. 2 was Merrill Daum, Aggt. Sup't of Yellowstone, a very competent engineer Top Row. No. 34 Was Harry Hommon - not Hommond, Public Healt Service sanitary engineer but assigned to NPS for several years. No. 35 at the moment cannot recall his name. No. 38, Fish and Fisheries expe we enployed to do research on fish populations - species and numbers - and think his name was Foster. He had been high in the Dept. of Fisheri of Utah. No. 40 was Alexander Sparrow, Sup't of Crater Lake National Pa No. 41 was Frank J. Taylor, on the Washington staff of the United Press and later for many years free lance writer, roving edttor of Readers Digest, author of several books, collaborated with me in ritcles for th Saurday Evening Post and Colliers, and in preparting "oh, Ranger!" for publication. I call attention to the emphasis on the use of uniforms. All N.P.S. people in the picture were in uniform, including the Director, except Mr. Cammerer and Dr. Joseph Dixon. Both Director Mather and I wore unifo rms when in national parks. We wanted tob e regarded as rangers! CHARLES E. PETERSON. F.A.I.A. Architectural Historian, Restorationist and Planner October 5, 1979 Naomi L. Hunt, Editor National Park Courier Room 5103, 1100 L Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20240 Dear Ms. Hunt: Superintendent Hobie Cawood of Independence Park kindly gave me a copy of your July, 1979 issue. On page 9 I note a 1929 group picture in Yellowstone with a missing name. No. 27 is H. K. Bishop, a high official of the U.S. Bureau of Public Roads who was often concerned with National Park Service highway work. I wish I could help with the others. Have you tried Horace Albright himself? If you would find it interesting I could give you a story with a couple of good pictures taken by George Grant of the Smokies Study Team on site in November, 1931. Pictures include Ross Eakin, Oliver Taylor, etc. I remember the whole thing vividly. With all good wishes, I am Sincerely yours, Charles E. Peterson Park Service 1929-1962 CEP:hg CC: Mr. Albright Mr. Cawood Urs. Batcheler 12 models Hill Philadelphia P. 21; il Vinnt : we's 7/1982 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR RAY LYMAN WILBUR. SECRETARY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE HORACE M. ALBRIGHT. DIRECTOR SUPERINTENDENTS' CONFERENCE 1932 COMMITTEE ON PERMANENT COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION COMMITTEE ON SANITATION, POLICIES HEALTH, ETC. A.F. Hall (Chairman) C.G. Thomson (Chairman) H. B. Hommon (Chairman) J.L. Nusbaum A. P. Miller G. A. Moskey F. Pinkley 0. G. Taylor E. B. Rogers C. G. Thomson T. C. Vint R. W. Toll M. R. Tillotson T. Vint COMMITTEE ON RESOLUTIONS COMMITTEE ON SIGNS J. R. White (Chairman) F. A. Kittredge (Chairman) T.J. Allen, Jr. C. G. Thomson E. c. Solinsky T. c. Vint O.G. Taylor C.E. Peterson COMMITTEE ON BUILDING CODE H.B. Hommon (Chairman) J.D. Coffman T. . C. Viat F.A. Kittredge C. D. Monteith COMMITTEE ON PERSONNEL COMMITTEE ON UNIFORM M. R. Tillotson (Chairman) o. A. Tomlinson (Chairman) L. W. Collins J. R. Eakin J. R. White T. C. Vint E. T. Scoyen T. J. Allen, Jr. COMMITTEE ON PASSENGER COMMITTEE ON BOULDER CANYON COMMITTEE ON PUBLICITY CARRYING VEHICLES (HOOVER DAM) AND CONTRACT L. C. Cramton (Chairman) J. L. Nusbaum (Chairman) F. A. Kittredge (Chairman) E. T. Scoyen T. Boles T. Boles G. E. Edwards E. T. Scoyen C.G. Thomson R. W. Toll R. W. Toll E. C. Solinsky. M. R. Tillotson CHART SHOWING STANDING COMMITTEES OF THE CONFERENCE OF NATIONAL PARK SUPERINTENDENTS RECEIVED MAY 230934 min been 7 $ 23.34 from need canyon PROCEEDINGS OR POINT GouNcy OF / NA C-D TIONAL PARK OPERATORS AND SUB RANTENDENTS 4 HELD AT GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK) ARIZONAMAY-593 ATTENDANTS AT JOINT COUNCIL OF NATIONAL PARK OPERATORS AND SUPERINTENDENTS HELD AT GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK, ARIZONA NDoir May 1 - 5, 1934. o O PRESIDING OFFICERS A. E. Demaray, Fredorick H. Harvey, Chas. L. Gable. 00000 FRED HARVEY Byron S. Harvey, President, Chicago, Ill. Fredcrick H. Harvoy, Vice-President, Kansas City, Mo. Miss M. E. J. Colter, Architoct, Kansas City, Mo. Victor Fatrosso, Manager, El Tovar Hotel, Grand Canyon, Arizona. J. E. Shirley, Manager, Transportation Department, Grand Canyon, Arizona. RAINIER NATIONAL PARK COMPANY Paul 11. Scova, General Manager, Tacoma, Wash. ROCKY MOUNTAIN MOTOR COMPANY Roc Emery, President, Denver, Colorado. SEQUOIA AND GENERAL GRANT NATIONAL PARKS COMPANY, AND GLACIER PARK TRANSPORTATION COMPANY Howard Hays, President, Sequoia National Park, Calif. UTAH PARKS COMPANY F. E. Lowis, Manager, Omaha, Nebraska. H. 1. Hanson, Superintendent, Cedar City, Utah. Gilbert Stanley Underwood, Consulting Architect, Los Angelos, Calif. YELLOWSTONE PARK HOTEL AND TRANSPORTATION COMPANY Wm. M. Nichols, President, Yellowstone Park, Wyo. national Park Service at Septs Conference. upt 3-8-19 [1932] Hot Luring hats Park - Arkansas. Front Bow Lef 8 5 Right super Supt Soliusky gupt Smith Grater Lake lattPark Petrified Forest hate Kion - Arizona. - c' regard. Supt. Tombinson nt. damier hattPark - Wash Supt. Thompson Yosemite hatt Park - Calif. asst. Wir. Washington Office The Hon Louis Gampton Former Wishington Congressman - line Ligan Director Horace M.albright judge Yellowstone hall Park office mehicle - Wego. Sant Support Princiery Boles Caver - - (7212 new mexico a r. Collins Hot spring Park - ink and I Senton Washington D.C Supt Tom alien Hot Springs Park - Rili anth L.A. Peterson Colonial hate luon Va. Dr. Wixon Supt Branch Platthell Park Wild Life furney Calif kia I ast.C.E. Og. Taylor Washington D.C. Supt Patraw zion n.p. : Supt. Tillotson grand Canyon 1 1 Chiefh A. Tom Vint San Francisco : Sii) Eakin great Smoky 1 00 fily i Scoyen glacier Lassen N.P. N.P. : CLD E. Wittridge Sm Francisco Supt Collins : F.S.E. Coffman San Francisco I Supt White Sequoia N.P. : S.E. miller Addition Sandrancy N.C P.H.S Sing Hough gweenm : art.Seyet Er and Yellonstone 1 of asst Supt. Bottom Park : IIII Bilhirt Wash Siffic Supt. Toll Yellowstone N.P. : m Ho. mon P.H. 8. a.e.R. Hadley Acadia NP. : m Blossom m. hussbaum Santa Fe. N.Mex.: C.R. Wash Office - mr. Chatelaine Rocky Spg not N.P. Hot Par Wash. office : Supt. Rogers Supt. Freeland Wind Caup N.P. : Supt. Finan neza Verde Pa Supt. Leavest Howain N.P. : HFCL. HC 39 43 260 27 28 225 31) 55 23 25 194 4 85 5 10 12 14 7 16 18 9 15 11 13 M 19 2 3 1. Dr. GL. Collins 14. Frank kitteredge 27. John White 91. Blussom 2. Dr. Roy Sexton 15. Horace M. Albright 28. Phillip Hungh 42. GR. 3. Tom Allen 16. Judge Melville 29. G.C. Bolton 43, Marsh Finan 4 (wt.Mon) C.Smith 17, Frank Pinkley 30. Pete Bilkert 5, Elbert C. solinski 11. Ernest Leavitt 31. Roger Toll 6. W. E. Branch 19. Thomas Boles 32. Btn Hadley 7. Owen A.Tomlison 20. Dr. Dixon 33. Jesse Nusbaum 1932 Supt. Conference 21. 0.6. Taylor 34. Verne Chatlain 8, Preston P.Patraw 22. Tom Vint 35. Edmund Rogers Hot Springs 9. C.G. Thompson 34. Wilham Robinson 10. Minor Tillotson 23. E.T. Scoyen 37. John Coffman 11. Aithur E.Remarhy 24.L. W. Collins 38. S.E. Miller 12 J. Ross Eakon 25. E.D. Freeland 39. G. Edwards 13. Hon Lewis crampton 6.C.E. Peterson 40. Harry B. Hommon UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE CONFERENCE of SUPERINTENDENTS AND FIELD OFFICERS Washington, D. C. November 19 to 23, 1934 VOLUME 1 Pages 1 to 199 Sessions of November 19th and 20th Remarks by: Ahern, Frank L., Fire Protection Engineer, National Furr Service, 242 - 253 - 254 - 461. Allen, Thomas J., Jr., Superintendent, Hot Springs National Park, 3 - 20 - 45 and 46 - 47 - 48 - 49 - 110 - 120 - 153 - 245 - 246 252 - 288 - 451 - 467 - 487 - 488 - 401 - 5.0. Aszmann, A. A., General Manager, Glacier Park Hotel Company, 327. Baillie, Alexander, President, Rainier National Park Company. 327 and 333. Beckenbaugh, John K., Superintendent, Antietan Battlefield Site, 3 - 423 - 473 and 470. Boles, Thomas, Superintendent, Carlsbad Caverns National Park, 3 - 275 - 408 - 409 - 410 - 411. Borgeson, Melvin B., District Officer, District No. 1, 5. Branch, William E., Superintendent, Flatt National Far 3 - 118 - 119 - 120. Brown, Paul V., District Officer, District No. 2, 5 - 161. Bryant, Harold C., Assistant Director, Franch of Research and Education, National Park Service, 67 - 158 - 159 - 238 - 239 - 240 - 245 - 268 - 271 - 272 - 275 276 - 277 - 278 - 279 - 280 - 283 - 284 - 285 - 28F - 287 - 288 289 - 291 - 292 - 294 - 296 - 297 - 208 - 209 - 307 - 314 - 317 319 - 322 - 424 - 425 - 430 - 431 - 457 - 479 - 487 I 5.20 - 427 530. Cammerer, Arno B., Director, National Park Service, 1 - 7 - 9 - 20 - 21 - 24 - 27 - 33 - 34 - 35 - 35 - 37 - 38 - 39 - 40 42 - 43 - 44 - 45 - 46 - 47. - 48 - 40 - 5C - 51 - 52 - 53 - 54 - 55 56 - 57 - 58 - 59 - 60 - 65 - 67 - 70 - 73 - 82 - 83 - 84 - 85 - 89 a Firmin, Correintendent, National Carital Parks, 3 - 395 - 4, 415 - 451 - - 4-1 - 4.12 Fisher, L. M., Sanitary Engineer, United States Fuolic Health twice, 4. Flickinger, B. Floyd, Superintendent, Colonial Nation .1 Home nt, 3 - 169 - 209 - 307 - 416 - 419 - 420 - 4.33 - 484 - 416 - 423 - 408 430 - 432 - 434 - 436 - 437 - 133 - 47 - 413 - 14 - 45 - 435 486 - 437 - 529. Fox, C. A., Chairman, Central Passenger Association, 330. Freeland, Edward D., Superintendent, "ind Cave National Anria, 3 - 460 - 461 - 488 - 439. Gable, Charles L., Chief Auditor, National Paris Service, 122 - 136 - 218 - 226 - 252 - 201 - 313 - 352 - 355 - $ 6 - 124 - 155. Goldsmith, Tex, Federal Emergency Relief Administration, 166 - 167 - 168 - 169 - 170. Goodwin, Vernon, President, l'ellowstone Park Lodge and Camps Company, 328. Groves, Edna (Miss), Office of Indian Affairs, 381 - 385 - 386 - 387 - 388. Hadley, B. L., Assistant Superintendent, Acedia National Park, 3. Hanson, H. A., Superintendent, Utah Parks Company, Zicn and Cryce Canyon National Parks, 328 - 364. Harvey, Frederick H., Vice-President, Fred Farvey, Inc., Grand Canyon National Park, 327 - 329 - 347 - 348 - 356 - 359 - 332 - 365 - 366 - 513 - 513 - 520 521 - 522. Haynes, J. E., President, Kaynes Picture Chops, Inc. , Yellowstone National Park, 328. Hays, Howard H., President, Glacier Pari- Transport Company and President, Sequoia and General Grand National Parks Company, 327 - 328 - 359 - 366 - 372 - 373 - 575 - 524 - 533. d. NATIONAL PARK SERVICE SUPERINTENDENTS' CONFERENCE In the Auditorium, Department of Interior Building, Washington, D. C., Monday, November 19, 1934. The Conference was called to order at 9:30 o'clock a.m., Director Arno B. Cammerer, presiding. PROCEEDIGS Mr. Cammerer: Gentlenen, we expect Secretary Chapman here in a few minutes. He said he would be here at nine-thirt.. Secretary Ickes had planned to be here at nine-thirty this morning to meet you gentlemen but, unfortunately, he was called to Warm springs. He will be bach either this morning or late tonight. This is the Thirteenth Conference. That does not sound unlucky to me. Thirteen has always :been my lucky number, and I hone it will turn out that way for the Conference. A copy of the program has been furnished to each member. Our program committee has been working exceptionally hard on entertain- ment features. I am sure that you will enjoy each and every one of them. They are given on the program. The entertainment feature tomorrow night will be in the nature of a surprise party. I would like to ask you gentlemen, to show your appreciation of what has been done for you by this committee here in Washington, to make it a point to be present at these entertninments. Your time during the Conference really belongs to the Service, both officially during the day and in the evening for the things that we have arranged for you. If for any reason at all anyone has to be excused from the Conference, that can be arranged easily by the Chair. But for Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday, at least, we will expect you gentlemen not to intrude any private business on the plans for the day tentatively laid out, as you will see on the two pages of the printed program. Most of those subjects come at the sugges- tion of the field. There will be some committee work necessary. The committees are given on the last page of the program. All preceding committees are hereby abolished, and these committeen truer their places. Their 0.1 or four of those committees that wili have any important work :0 do. : are not enough, we can easily add a few others. (For program seu Exhibit D; and for Superintendent's Conference Committees see Exhibit E. ) Since our last conference this Park Service, as you know, has been ex- panded tremendously. Yesterday you got a glimpse of some of our local problems and our local jurisdiction. The Park Service now includes not only the orig- inal National Park Service but the city parks in Washington and all of the military parks and some of the national cemeteries. As to the public build- ings here in Washington, with certain exceptions, such as the Capitol group, the Smithsonian Institute and some of the subordinate buildings, we have them. We have charge of the White House. This noon, Mr. Demaray tells me, we will recess at 12 o'clock, and he would like to take you through the White House extension that has just been built, and which will be occupied by the President at the end of this week. That added jurisdiction has entailed a lot of additional work on the Director and his Assistants here in Washington. It does not particularly reach you in the field because you have your own little bailiwicks to take care of. But here in Washington, the Director and the Associate Director as his substitute, is on the Zoning Commission, the National Capital Park and Planning Commission which takes care of all of the planning around Washington, Virginia and Maryland, and also he has just been made a member of the Alleys Authority which, with a fund of a half a million dollars, is wiping out the most foul smelling of the alleys here in Washington and putting them to some other use, either as playgrounds or whatever use can be found for them. So you see when you come to national parks it is still a detail. Neverthe- less, we consider it our most important detail. At the same time, however, we have to discharge these other duties. Joined here today in this Conference are superintendents of the major military parks. All of you wear the same uniform, and you are all in the Service; you have a kindred spirit. And as the conferences go on we want to bring in more and more of these people who are our new-found friends and new- found associates, SO that they can really see what the spirit of the Service means. We also have some of the E. C. W. representatives here working with the Service under Mr. Wirth. So you have quite a representation. I would now like to call this roll so that you gentlemen may get ac- quainted with each other. Will you just stand up for a moment when I call your names? (Thereupon the roll was called. The following is the roster of superintendents, custodians and field officers not located in Washington): 2 Namer c: and who attended 1034 Conference (Including other Government Field REprcsentutives) Thomas J. Allen, Jr. Superintendent Hot Springs National Park, lot Springs, Arlansas John K, Beckenbaugh Superintendent Antietam Gattlefield Site, Sharpsourg, Maryland Thomas Boles Superintendent Carlsbad Caverns National Park, Carlsond, New Mexico William E. Branch Superintendent Platt National Park Sulphur, Oklahoma David H. Canfield Acting Superintendent Crater Lake National Park, Medford, Oregon Lynne W. Collins Superintendent Lassen Volcanic National Park, Mineral, California Elbert Cox Superintendent Morristown National Historical Park, Morristown, Clew Jersey J. Ross Eakin Superintendent Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Gatlinburg, Tennessee Guy D. Edwards Superintendent Grand Teton National Park, Moose, Wyoming John W. Emmert Assistant Superintendent Yellowstone National Park, Yellowstone Park, Wyoming C. Marshall Finnan Superintendent National Capital Parks, Washington, D. C. B. Floyd Flickinger Superintendent Colonial National Monument, Yorktown, Virginia Edward D. Freeland Superintendent Wind Cave National Park, Eot Springs, South Dakota B. L. Hadley Assistant Superintendent Acadia National Park Ba: Harbor, Kaine L. G. Heider Acting Superintendent Vicksburg National Military Park, Viclisburg, Mississippi Guy Hopping Acting Superintendent General Grant National Park, California Philip R. Hough Superintendent Gcorgo Washington Birthplace National Monument, Washington's Birthplace, Virginia J. R. Lassiter Engineer-in-Charge Shenandoah National Park (Proposed), Luray, Virginia Ernest P. Leavitt Superintendent Mesa Vorde National Park, Moncos, Colorado Robert A. Livingston Superintendent Shiloh National Military Park, Pittsburgh Lending, Tennessee 3 From lien may 1964 1934 Conference Of National Park Servic (L to R) John D. Coffman, Chief Forester; Edmund Rogers, Rocky Mountain; Wind Cav D. H. Madsen, Wildlife Expert; E. T. Scoyen, Glacier; Tom Boles, Carlsbad Caverns; Allen, Hot William C. Branch, Platt; J. C. Emert, Asst. Supt. Yellowstoe; Roger W. Toll, Yel- Branch Spa lowstone; P.R.Hough George Washington Birthplace; H.A. Tolson, Assistant Lassiter Director; A.E.Demaray, Associate Director; Miss Isbael Story, Editor; A.B.Cam- G.Taylor, merer, Director; George A. Mosky, Assistat Director; Conrad L. Wirth, Assitant We would like the Director; thus far unidentified; Ben Hadley, Acadia; Elbert Cox, Morristown; E.G. Back R names of the un- Wingate, Hawaii; T. K. Beckinbaugh, Antietam; L. G. Heider, Vicksburg; thus far J. F. Shar unidentified; Thomas C. Vincent, C&D; George Wright, Wildlife; Charles Sable, identified. PBI; S Auditor. R.F.Lee, Middle Row--J.R. McConoghie, Gettysburg; P.P. Patrow, Zion-Bryce; John R. Wildlife; A white, Sequoia; Lynn Collins, Lassen; E.P.Leavitt, Mesa Verde; D.C. Canfield, Wildlife T Crater Lake; F.A.Kittredge, Engineer; M.R. Tillotson, Grand Canyon; William Chickamau G. Carnes, D&C; Frank Pinkley, SWNM; C.G.Thompson, Yosemite; E.D.Freeland, District 4; Of National Park Service Superintendents Mountain; Wind Cave; G. D. Edwards, Grand Teton; O. A. Tomlinson, Mount Rainier; T.J. Caverns; Allen, Hot Springs; J.R. Eakin, Great Smoky Mountains; Thus far not identified; Toll, Yel- Branch Spalding, Fredericksburg; L.C.Cookm Forester; D. C.Libbey, ECW: J.R. Lassiter (Eng.) Shenandoah; C.E.Peterson, D&C; Guy Hopping, General Grant; O. A.B.Cam- G.Taylor, Engineer. Assitant We would like the own; E.G. Back Row--Frank H. Arnold; R. G. Thompson, C. E. Shevlin; R.T. Jonhston; names of the un- ; thus far J. F. Shanklin; Francis Gillen, NCP; Charles A. Peters PBA; Dr. E.P. Meinecke, les Sable, identified. PBI; Shultz, Forester; V. Roswell Ludgate, D&C; C.D. Montieth, Utilities; R.F.Lee, Historian; Verne Chatalain, History; Ed.McKee, Wildlife; B.H.Thompson, Wildlife; Adolph Murie, Wildlife, F.L.Ahern, Safety; Fisher, PHS; Willis King, e; John R. Wildlife Technician G.S.; Hubbard Wildlife Technician, M.C.; Richard Randolph, Canfield, William Chickamauga-Chattanooga; H.E. Weatherwax, ECW, Dist. 5; L C: Merrian, ECW. Freeland, District 4; Paul Brown, ECW. District 2; Borgeso; Nagel; Pesonen, Conf of NPS Supt Washington DC Nov. 1934 Middle Row Back Row Front Row ? Left to Right P.P. Patraw - Zion-Bryce FH Arnold J.D. Coffman - chior Forever Col. J.R. White -sequold RG, Thompson Edmonds Rogers - Rocky Mth Lynn Collins- - Lassen C. Shevlin D. H. Midsen - wildlife Eyport E.P. LeaveTT- - Mess verde Fret Johnston E. T. Scoyen - glacier Dave Canfield - Createv Arta Labo V.E Shanklin - -Forestin Ton. Boles - continue F.A Kittredge Chief Eng ? Dillon him Branch- platt MR Tillotson. Grand Canya Peters J. C. EmerT- Asst super JUNS w s Carnes - D&C Dr. E. P.Meinecke-Patalogyst: 5dm From Roger!WToll Yellowstone Flank Pinkley - SW N MON shultz-Fovestu PhilR Hough -620 Col. C.G Thomson- - Yosemite Ludyat=-D4C H. A Tolso. Asst. Dir. E. Freeland. wind cave C D Dr. H.C Bryan - - 555 Dir GuyD Edwards -Grand Teta -R.F.Lee- - Historian A E Denardy -Assoc Dir Mai. O.A Tom/inson-MY Ramer ? verne ?-chid HIST MISS Isobel Stay Edi T.V Allen- Hot spr. Mckee ? Arno B Camon ei 'V Direct J.Ross E.akim - Gt. Smoky -B.H. Thompson - wildlife DIU GeorgeA Mosky Assi D. ? A Murle Convad L. with Age in Branch Spalding-Fred F.L. Ahern-tiis Prot Eng. L. F Cook- Forester ? Fisher PHS Bentlad D. < Libbey - ECW. WASO HarryBHommon PHS Sdn From J. R Lassifir(Eng) ? EC. CE Peterson D&C ? V.K, Beck :- in Hopp -Gen O.G. Taylor - Engineer Richard Randolph victor ?H. E weatherway ECW DIST 5 ? 24 L. C merriam - ECW D157.4 T.C. Vint - D4 C I Paul Brown George Wing is Holland Charies Sir Nagel Pesona 4 27 2 ct 20 unite -26 7 if Libai fox Morristown F.H.Arneld 8 Hastia ? NCP B Floyd Flick Colonial Hawaii M Fisher. PHS wash DC B t Hasting Jesse L Nusbaum- Lab of Antings Line ser mainja B Borgoan ECW- white Hami Dist./ Robt A Lister SL in Party y Brown ECW Indiansis DIST.2 James R Herber' in or Oki's city Dist 3 Richard is 2 # E Near East Trager-chard NOTOTY Verse E chalsian Charics Bill PROGRAM DINNER AND ENTERTAINMENT GIVEN BY WASHINGTON NATIONAL PARK SERVICE PEOPLE in honor of our visiting FIELD OFFICERS and PARK OPERATORS November 22, 1934 6 P. M. Department of Commerce Dining Room and Auditorium 14th Street and Constitution Avenue, N. W. HONOR GUESTS Secretary and Mrs. Harold L. Ickes First Assistant Secretary and Mrs. T. A. Walters Assistant Secretary Oscar L. Chapman Mr. Harry A. Slattery Mrs. Horace M. Albright Mr. and Mrs. E. K. Burlew Mr. Fred L. Marx Mr. and Mrs. F. J. Bailey Dr. and Mrs. James E. Maulding VISITING GUESTS B. L. Hadley Frank Pinkley F. E. Lewis Branch Spaulding R. B. Randolph G. L. Mauger P. P. Patraw Philip R. Hough H. W. McAbee Thomas Boles J. R. McConaghie W. M. Nichols D. H. Canfield B. F. Flickinger R. W. Price Guy Hopping R. A. Livingston P. H. Sceva E. T. Scoyen L. G. Heider H. I. Scofield M. R. Tillotson J. K. Beckenbaugh E. E. Nelson Guy D. Edwards C. M. Finnan H. L. Lauby J. R. Eakin F. A. Kittredge H. A. Dickinson E. G. Wingate L. F. Cook U. H. Gray T. J. Allen, Jr. David H. Madsen W. B. Dixon L. W. Collins H. B. Hommon J. L. Nusbaum E. P. Leavitt L. M. Fisher S. W. Hoover 0. A. Tomlinson Wm. G. Carnes J. E. Haynes Wm. E. Branch J. R. Lassiter Don Hummel Edmund B. Rogers Dr. E. P. Meinecke M. B. Borgeson John R. White Frederick H. Harvey Paul V. Brown E. D. Freeland Dr. Don Tresidder Herbert Maier Roger W. Toll A. A. Aszmann L. C. Merriam John W. Emmert Roe Emery H. E. Weatherwax C. G. Thomson Vernon Goodwin Elbert Cox Howard H. Hays 13399 OH PROGRAM SUPERINTENDENTS: CONFERENCE January 17-22, 1938 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE CONFERENCE ROOM 3117 Interior Building UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESS N 1419731 FOR RELEASE MONDAY, JANUARY 10, 1938. A conference of National Park Service officials will be held in Washington from January 17 to 22, Secretary of the Interior Harold L. Ickes announced today. Two days of the conference, January 20 and 21, the Secretary stated, will be devoted to a joint session with the American Planning and Civic Association. During these two days the main subjects will be conservation and recreation, with emphasis on the importance of so planning for use that the conservation of priceless park values will not be disturbed. The remainder of the conference will bc devoted to discussion of park problems, with particular stress on National Park Service policies, standards, and objectives. Plans for additions to the national park and monument system will be given serious consideration, and phases of the various emergency programs as they have and will affect the national parks will be discussed. Opening at 9:30 a.m., Monday, January 17, the conference will end with the morn- ing session Saturday, January 22. The following field officials have been instructed by Director Arno B. Cammerer of the National Park Service to come to Washington for these meetings: Carl P. Russell, Regional Director, Region I, Richmond, Va. Thomas J. Allen, Jr., Regional Director, Region II, with headquarters at Omaha, Nebr., but at present assigned to Washington Office duty. Herbert Maier, Acting Regional Director, Region III, Santa Fe, N. Mex. Frank A. Kittredge, Regional Director, Region IV, San Francisco, Calif. George B. Dorr, Supcrintendent, or Ben L. Hadley, Assistant Super- intendent, Acadia National Park, Maine. Thomas Boles, Superintendent, Carlsbad Caverns National Park, Now Mexico. Ernost P. Loavitt, Supcrintendent, Crater Lake National Park, Oregon. Eivind I. Scoyen, Supcrintendent, Glacier National Park, Mont. Miner R. Tillotson, Supcrintendent, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona. Guy Hopping, Superintendent, General Grant National Park, Calif. Thomas E. Whitcraft, Superintendent, Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming. J. Ross Eakin, Superintendent, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tenn. Edward G. Wingate, Superintendent, Hawaii National Park, Hamari VERCE NATIONAL PARK Donald S. Libbey, Superintendent, Hot Springs National Park, Arkansas. George F. Baggley, Representativo-in-Charge, Isle Royale National Park (proposed), Michigan. JANI 1938 RECEIVED ohn C. Preston, Superintendent, Lassen Volcanic National Park, California. Robert P. Holland, Acting Superintendent, Mammoth Cave National Park, Ky. Jesse L. Nusbaum, Superintendent, Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado. Owen A. Tomlinson, Superintendent, Mount Rainier National Park, Washington. William E. Branch, Superintendent, Platt National Park, Oklahoma. David H. Canfield, Superintendent, Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado. John R. White, Superintendent, Sequoia National Park, California. James R. Lassiter, Superintendent, Shanandoah National Park, Virginia. Edward D. Freeland, Superintendent, Wind Cave National Park, South Dakota. Edmund B. Rogers, Superintendent, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. Lawrence C. Merriam, Superintendent, Yosemite National Park, California. Preston P. Patraw, Superintendent, Zion National Park, Utah. Hugh Miller, Assistant Superintendent, Southwestern National Monuments, Ariz. Charles J. Smith, Superintendent, Petrified Forest National Monument, Ariz. David H. Madsen, Supervisor of Fish Resources, Salt Lake City, Utah. Joseph H. Dixon, Field Naturalist, San Francisco, California. B. Floyd Flickinger, Superintendent, Colonial National Historical Park, Va. Elbert Cox, Superintendent, Morristown National Historical Park, New Jersey. Herbert Kahler, Superintendent, Forts Marion and Matanzas National Monuments, Florida. Others invited to attend the conference are the members of the park operators governing committee -- the representatives of the private interests which under Gov- enament franchise furnish hotel, lodge, transportation, and other services to the visiting public -- and representatives of certain cooperating Federal agencies. The members of the Park Operators Government Committee expected to attend are: W. M. Nichols, President, Yellowstone Park Company, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. Don Tresidder, President, Yosemite Park and Curry Company, Yosemite Na- tional Park, California. Howard H. Hays, President, Glacier Park Transport Company, Montana, and Sequoin and General Grant Company, California. Roc Emery, President, Rocky Mountain Motor Company, Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado. W. A. Hatfield, Fred Harvey, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona. H. B. Hommon and L. M. Fisher of the U. S. Public Health Service, the former with headquarters in San Francisco and the latter in Washington, D. C., have also been invited to attend the conference, as their work in sanitation control and other health mattors is closely tied into that of the park personnel and the operation of facilities to the public. #### P. N.12816 2 13399 Field Officials Invited to Attend the Superintendents Conference January 17-22, 1938 Name Title Address 1. Benjamin L. Hadley Assistant Superintendent Acadia National Park, Bar Harbor, Maine. 2. Thomas Boles Superintendent Carlsbad Caverns National Park, Carlsbad, New Mexico. 3. E. P. Leavitt Superintendent Crater Lake National Park, Medford, Oregon. 4. Guy Hopping Superintendent General Grant National Park, Visalia, California. 5. E. T. Scoyen Superintendent Glacier National Park, Belton, Montana. 6. M. R. Tillotson Superintendent Grand Canyon National Park, Grand Canyon, Arizona. 7. Thos. E. Whitcraft Superintendent Grand Teton National Park, Moose, Wyoming. 8. J. R. Eakin Superintendent Great Smoky Mountains Nat'1 Park, Gatlinburg, Tennessee. 9. Edward G. Wingate Superintendent Hawaii National Park, Hawaii National Park, Hawaii. 10. D. S. Libbey Superintendent Hot Springs National Park, Hot Springs National Park, Ark. 11. George F. Baggley Representative-in-Charge Isle Royale Nat'l Park, (Proposed) Houghton, Michigan. 12. John C. Preston Superintendent Lassen Volcanic National Park, Mineral, California. 13. Robert P. Holland Acting Superintendent Mammoth Cave National Park, Mammoth Cave, Kentucky. 14. Jesse L. Nusbaum Superintendent Mesa Verde National Park, Mesa Verde National Park, Colo. 15. O. A. Tomlinson Superintendent Mount Rainier National Park, Longmire, Washington. 16. Wm. E. Branch Superintendent Platt National Park, Sulphur, Oklahoma. 17. David H. Canfield Superintendent Rocky Mountain National Park, Estes Park, Colorado. 18. John R. White Superintendent Sequoia National Park, Sequoia National Park, Calif. 19. J. R. Lassiter Superintendent Shenandoah National Park, Luray, Virginia. 20. Edward D. Freeland Superintendent Wind Cave National Park, Hot Springs, South Dakota. 21. Edmund B. Rogers Superintendent Yellowstone National Park, Yellowstone Park, Wyoming. 22. L. C. Merriam Superintendent Yosemite National Park, Yosemite National Park, Calif. 23. Preston P. Patraw Superintendent Zion National Park, Zion National Park, Utah. 4 13399 Name Title Address 24. B. Floyd Flickinger Coordinating Colonial National Historical Park, Superintendent Yorktown, Virginia. 25. Elbert Cox Coordinating Morristown National Historical Park, Superintendent Morristown, New Jersey. 26. Hugh Miller Assistant Southwestern National Monuments, Superintendent Coolidge, Arizona. 27. Charles J. Smith Superintendent Petrified Forest Natl. Monument, Holbrook, Arizona. 28. Herbert Kahler Coordinating Fort Marion and Fort Matanzas Superintendent National Monuments, St. Augustine, Florida. 29. Guy D. Edwards Supervisor Boulder Dam Recreational Area, Box 755, Boulder City, Nevada. 30. David H. Madsen Supervisor of Continental Bank Building, Fish Resources Salt Lake City, Utah. 31. Joseph H. Dixon Field Naturalist 305 Underwood Building, San Francisco, California. 32. H. B. Hommon Sanitary Engineer U. S. Public Health Service, 210 Federal Office Building, San Francisco, California. 33. L. M. Fisher Sanitary Engineer U. S. Public Health Service, 1722 Navy Building, Washington, D. C. 34. Carl P. Russell Regional Director 801 Grace Securities Building, (Region I) Richmond, Virginia. 35. Thos. J. Allen, Jr. Regional Director 300 Keeline Building, (Region II) Omaha, Nebraska. 36. Herbert Maier Acting Regional U. S. Courthouse, Director Santa Fe, New Mexico. (Region III) 37. F. A. Kittredge Regional Director 601 Sheldon Building, (Region IV) San Francisco, California. Park Operators Governing Committee 38. W. M. Nichols LaJolla, California. (Yellowstone National Park) 39. Don Tresidder Yosemite National Park, California. (Yosemite National Park) 40. Howard H. Hays 14 Evans Block, Riverside, California. (Sequoia and General Grant National Parks) 41. Roe Emery 1731 Glenarm Place, Denver, Colorado. (Rocky Mountain National Park) 42. W. A. Hatfield 755 Railway Exchange Building, Jackson St. & Michigan Ave., Chicago, Illinois. (Grand Canyon National Park) 5 13399 National Park Service Officials (Interior Building. Phone, District 1820) Name Title Room No. Phone Ext. Home Address Arno B. Cammerer Director 3104 2000 4664 Twenty-Fifth St. North, Arlington, Virginia. A. E. Demaray Associate Director 3105 2002 612 Pickwick Lane, Chevy Chase, Md. Hillory A. Tolson Assistant Director 3116 2050 1332 Farragut St., (Branch of Operations) Washington, D. C. George A. Moskey Assistant Director 3308-A 2021 The Westchester, (Branch of Land Acquisition and Regulation) 4000 Cathedral Avenue, Washington, D. C. H. C. Bryant Assistant Director 5408 2500 2907 Rittenhouse St., (Branch of Research and Education) Washington, D. C. Conrad L. Wirth Assistant Director 5208-A 2114 3823 Legation St., (Branch of Recreational Planning and State Cooperation Washington, D. C. Charles A. Peters Assistant Director 5600 784 4891 Potomac Avenue, (Branch of Buildings Management) Washington, D. C. Branch Spalding Acting Assistant 7510-A 2032 Everett Hotel, (Branch of Director Washington, D. C. Historic Sites and Buildings) Isabelle F. Story Editor-in-Chief 5419 2504 1910 K Street Washington, D. C. Ronald M. Holmes Chief Clerk 3208-B 2119 4518 Davenport St., Washington, D. C. Oliver G. Taylor Chief Engineer 7410-A 2062 6313 Georgia St., Chevy Chase, Md. Thomas C. Vint Chief Architect 7040 2085 607 Rolling Road, Chevy Chase, Md. John D. Coffman Chief Forester 7513 2093 7114 Clarendon Road, Bethesda, Md. C. Marshall Finnan Superintendent 1228 2540 Linnean Hill, Klingle Road, (National Capital Parks) Rock Creek Park, Washington, D. C. (Copied from Congressional Directory) 6 46594 SUPERINTENDENTS CONFERENCE 0-1.4 Washington, D. C. January 5-10, 1939 Name Area Address Benjamin F. Hadley, Asst. Supt. Acadia Bar Harbor, Maine Thomas Boles, Supt. Carlsbad Caverns Carlsbad, New Mexico > Ernest P. Leavitt, Supt. Crater Lake Crater Lake, Oregon Robert Holland, Supt. Fort McHenry Baltimore, Maryland Guy Hopping, Supt. General Grant California Donald S. Libbey, Supt. Glacier Belton, Montana Harold C. Bryant, Supt. Grand Canyon Arizona Thomas E. Whitcraft, Supt. Grand Teton Moose, Teton County, Wyo. Edward G. Wingate, Supt. Hawaii Hawaii Preston P. Patraw, Supt. Hot Springs Arkansas John C. Preston, Supt. Lassen Volcanic Mineral, California Jesse L. Nusbaum, Supt. Mesa Verde Colorado Harry J. Liek, Supt. Mount McKinley Alaska Owen A. Tomlinson, Supt. Mount Rainier Longmire, Washington Preston P. Macy, Actg. Supt. Olympic Port Angeles, Washington William E. Branch, Supt. Platt Sulphur, Oklahoma David H. Canfield, Supt. Rocky Mountain Estes Park, Colorado Eivind T. Scoven, Supt. Sequoia California James R. Lassiter, Supt. Shenandoah Luray, Virginia Edward D. Freeland, Supt. Wind Cave Hot Springs, South Dakota Edmund B. Rogers, Supt. Yellowstone Yellowstone Park, . Lawrence C. Merriam, Supt. Yosemite California 46594 Name Area Address Paul R. Franks, Supt. Zion and Bryce Utah J. Ross Eakin, Supt. Great Smoky Mountains Gatlinburg, Tennessee George F. Baggley, Representative in Charge Isle Royale Houghton, Michigan R. Taylor Hoskins, Actg. Supt. Mammoth Cave Mammoth Cave, Kentucky Frank Pinkley, Supt. Southwestern National Monuments Coolidge, Arizona John L. Nagle, Supt. Jefferson National Old United States Custom Expansion Memorial House, 815 Olive St., St. Louis, Missouri Guy D. Edwards, Supervisor Boulder Dam Recreational Area Box 755, Boulder City, Nev. C. Marshall Finnan, Supt. National Capital Parks 1013 Interior Building, Washington, D. C. Elbert Cox, Supt. Morristown National Historical Park Morristown, New Jersey Charles S. Dunn, Supt. hickamauga-Chattanooga National Military Park Fort Oglethorpe, Georgia B. Floyd Flickinger, Supt. Colonial National Historical Park Yorktown, Virginia Herbert Kahler, Supt. Fort Marion and Fort Matanzas Natl. Monts. St. Augustine, Florida Wm. W. Luckett, Actg. Supt. Shiloh National Military Park Pittsburg Landing, Tenn. Branch Spalding, Supt. Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania County Battlefields Memorial National Military Park Fredericksburg, Virginia James R. McConaghie, Supt. Gettysburg National Military Park Gettysburg, Pennsylvania Wm. P. Brandon, Actg. Supt. Guilford Courthouse National Military Park Greensboro, North Carolina Oswald E. Camp, Supt. Kings Mountain National Military Park York, South Carolina 2 46594 Name Area Address Oscar F. Northington, Jr., Supt. Petersburg National Military Park Petersburg, Virginia J. Walter Coleman, Supt. Vicksburg National Military Park Vicksburg, Mississippi Philip R. Hough, Supt. George Washington Birthplace Westmoreland County, Virginia T. R. Goodwin Death Valley Death Valley, California Charles J. Smith, Supt. Petrified Forest Holbrook, Arizona George A. Palmer, Supt. Statue of Liberty Bedloe's Island, New York John K. Beckenbaugh, Supt. Antietam Sharpsburg, Maryland Miner R. Tillotson, Regional Director Region I 811 Grace Securities Bldg., Richmond, Virginia Thomas J. Allen, Regional Director Region II 300 Keeline Building, Omaha, Nebraska Hillory A. Tolson, Acting Regional Director Region III United States Courthouse, Santa Fe, New Mexico Frank A. Kittredge, Regional Director Region IV 601 Sheldon Building, San Francisco, California 3 46594 Superintendents Conference Committees. 1. Permanent Policies 7. Resolutions Tomlinson, Chairman Libbey, Chairman Tillotson Wingate White Coffman Nusbaum Rogers 8. Sanitation 2. Uniforms Hommon, Chairman Fisher Eakin, Chairman Edwards Flickinger Merriam Preston Whitcraft 9. Personnel 3. Signs and Markers Finnan Canfield Taylor, Chairman Baggley Vint Cox 10. Building Code 4. Passenger-Carrying Vehicles Vint Coffman Scoyen, Chairman Ahern Leavitt Taylor Boles 11. Publicity and Contact 5. Auto Camp and Housekeeping Cabins Story Gable, Chairman Spalding Sceva Madsen Tresidder Dixon Merriam Rogers 12. Education Nichols Hommon Nusbaum Vint Patraw Freeland 6. Washington Tourist Camp Chas. J. Smith Fisher, Chairman 13. Safety and Health Taylor Finnan Tillotson, Chairman Leavitt Libbey. 5 46594 DIRECTOR'S STAFF Arno B. Cammerer, Director 4664 25th St. N., Arlington, Virginia. Arthur E. Demaray, Associate Director 612 Pickwick Lane, Chevy Chase, Maryland. John R. White, Acting Chief of Operations Fairfax Hotel, 2100 Massachusetts Ave., Washington, D. C. Thomas C. Vint, Chief of Planning 607 Rolling Rd., Chevy Chase, Maryland. George A. Moskey, Chief Counsel 4000 Cathedral Ave., Washington, D. C. Oliver G. Taylor, Chief of Engineering 6313 Georgia Ave., Chevy Chase, Maryland. John D. Coffman, Chief of Forestry 7114 Clarendon Rd., Bethesda, Maryland. Ronald F. Lee, Supervisor of Historic Sites 1661 Crescent Pl., N. W., Washington, D. C. Carl P. Russell, Supervisor of Research Silver Springs, Maryland. and Education Conrad L. Wirth, Supervisor of Recreation 2823 Legation St., N. W., and Land Planning Washington, D. C. Isabelle F. Story, Editor-in-Chief Montana Apartment, Washington, D. C. Charles A. Peters, Jr., General Manager of Buildings 4891 Potomac Ave., N. W., Washington, D. C. 4 Beaubier RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE CONFERENCE WASHINGTON, D. C., JANUARY 21 - 29, 1941 the ICO 000 title 000-1.7 131138 List of Field Officials Attending the National Park Service Conference January 21 to 29, inclusive, 1941 Name Title Area 1. Arno B. Cammerer Regional Director Region I 2. Thomas J. Allen Regional Director Region II 3. Miner R. Tillotson Regional Director Region III 4. John R. White Regional Director Region IV 5. Benjamin L. Hadley Asst. Superintendent Acadia National Park 5. Thomas Boles Superintendent Carlsbad Caverns Nat. Pk. 7. Ernest P. Leavitt " Crater Lake National Pk. 8. Donald S. Libbey = Glacier National Park 9. Frank A. Kittredge 11 Grand Canyon Nat. Pk. .0. Charles J. Smith 11 Grand Teton Nat. Pk. .1. J. Ross Eakin If Great Smoky Mtns. Nat. Pk. 2. Edward G. Wingate 11 Hawaii National Park 3. Preston P. Patraw 11 Hot Springs National Park 4. George F. Baggley 11 Islè Royale National Park .5. Harold C. Bryant PWA Consultant Kings Canyon National Park 6. John C. Preston Superintendent Lassen Volcanic Nat. Pk. .7. R. Taylor Hoskins Acting Superintendent Mammoth Cave Nat. Pk. .8. John S. McLaughlin Superintendent Mesa Verde National Park .9. Owen A. Tomlinson " Mount Rainier Nat. Pk. i. Preston P. Macy 11 Olympic National Park 1. David H. Canfield 11 Rocky Mountain Nat. Pk. 2. Eivind T. Scoyen II Sequoia National Park 3. James R. Lassiter 11 Shenandoah National Park 4. Harry J. Liek 11 Wind Cave National Park 5. Edmund B. Rogers II Yellowstone National Park 6. Lawrence C. Merriam II Yosemite National Park 7. Paul R. Franke = Zion and Bryce Canyon Nat. Pks. 23. Elbert Cox If Colonial Nat. Hist. Park 9. Francis S. Ronalds 11 Morristown Nat. Hist: Pk. 30. Charles S. Dunn 11 Chickamauga-Chattanooga Nat. Military Park 31. Branch Spalding 11 Fredericksburg & Spotsylvania National Military Park 32. James R. McConaghie 11 Gettysburg Nat. Mil. Pk. 3. Oscar F. Northington If Petersburg Nat. Mil. Pk. 64. Blair A. Ross If Shiloh Nat. Mil. Pk. 35. J. Walter Coleman If Vicksburg Nat. Mil. Pk. 36. Bowling C. Yates 11 Kennesaw Mt. Nat. Battlefield Pk. 37. Raleigh C. Taylor If Manassas Nat. Battlefield Pk. 38. Hugh Miller If Southwestern Nat. Monuments 39. Edward D. Freeland 11 Fort Marion and Fort Matanzas National Monuments 40. Philip R. Hough If Geo. Washington Birthplace National Monument 23 131138 Name Title Area 1. William W. Luckett Superintendent Ocnulgee National Monument ,2. George A. Palmer If Statue of Liberty Nat. Mon. 3. Lemuel A. Garrison If Hopewell Village Nat. Hist. Site 4. Edwin W. Small If Salem Maritime Nat. Hist. Site 5. Mrs. Gertrude S. Cooper = Vanderbilt Mansion Nat. Hist. Site :6. Julian Spotts If Jefferson Nat. Expansion Me- morial 17. Horace A. Dough Custodian Kill Devil Hill Mon. Nat. Mem. 8. Randle B. Truett Superintendent Lee Mansion National Memorial i9. Stanley W. Abbott Acting Superintendent Blue Ridge Parkway 50. Guy D. Edwards Supervisor Boulder Dam Nat. Recreational Area 51. Malcolm E. Gardner Acting Superintendent Natchez Trace Parkway 52. Irving C. Poot Superintendent National Capital Parks 3. Dorr G. Yeager Asst. Chief Western Museum Laboratories 54. Jesse L. Nusbaum Sr. Archeologist Branch of Historic Sites 55. H. B. Hommon Sanitary Engineer U. S. Public Health Service (Western) 56. Fred T. Johnston Asso. Reg. Director Region I 57. Guy Hopping Asst. Superintendent Kings Canyon National Park 58. Sam Weems Asst. Superintendent Blue Ridge Parkway 24 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE BRANCH OF PLANNING AND STATE COOPERATION 7115 PROCEEDINGS OF CONFERENCE ON CAMP PLANNING HELD AT CAMP EDITH MACY BRIARCLIFF MANOR. N. Y. AY 20-23. 1936 WEINES DAY AFTERNOON SESSION MAY 20,1936. The opening session. of the Conference on Camp Planning sponsored by the Branch of Planning and State Cooperation, National Park Service, convened at one o'clock, p.m., at the Great Hall, Camp Edith Macy, Briarcliff, New York, Mr. John I. Neasmith presiding. Announcements during luncheon by Chairman Neasmith I was asked to take charge of this opening session be- cause of the fact that Mr. Wirth is not able to be here until tomorrow, and it gives me a great deal of pleasure at this time to introduce Mr. M. C. Huppuch of the Washington office who will say a few words on the Purpose of the Conference and a Welcome to Guests. Mr. Huppuch. (Applause) MR. M. C. HUPPUCH: On behalf of the National Park Ser- vice I want to thank all of our friends who have responded to our in- vitation to attend this Conference and at the same time I want to ex- press the appreciation of the Service to the Girl Scouts, Inc. for their hearty cooperation in making this Conference possible under the very best circumstances. Before stating the purpose of the conference, and be- for I think ideas become too set in your minds, and for the benefit. of our personnel, who we are very glad to have a chance to meet with, I want to point out that this camp is not necessarily the ideal camp that we are striving for in our program. It is the National Training Headquarters for the Girl Scouts. Later on this afternoon we will have an opportunity of seeing a regular camp for girls, which is more in line with the type of development that we are anticipating. This, of course, is a very beautiful lodge, a memorial to Edith Macy, and in keeping with a National Training Camp, but a little bit more preten- tious than we will under take on our projects. You, no doubt, are all familiar with the fact that many conferences have been held for the purpose of discussing the program of organized camps. Such conferences have been held by the various national organizations interested in camping, but we believe that this is the first national conference on the planning of or- ganized camps and planning areas in such a manner as to make pos- sible organized camping on a different basis than has been the prac- tice heretofore. We all know that organized camping for years has played an important part in the field of active recreation, and I for one, and I believe everyone of our organization believes, it is going to play a still more important part in the future, due to the various economic and social changes that are going on apparently at an accelerated rate. 1. Like all new things in the beginning, it takes quite some time for policies to be formulated and various methods to be worked out to handle new situations. We feel that there is a decided need for planning of areas and planning a program of organized oamp- ing. Heretofore it has been on small, isolated tracts, owned by pri- vate organizations. That tendency will continue but if we are to have an intelligently planned program it will require a great deal of thought in tying up the field of organized camping to the general recreation program. We hope by this meeting to pool the best thought in the country in regard to the need for and the manner in which we may go forward in formulating policies. We also hope that the various agencies interested in camping and various organizations maintaining lands in which organized camping will be practiced, can have their views en- larged and learn from the experience of the past. Many mistakes have been made which we feel it undesirable to make again, and at the same time new ideas are bound to arise which will be of benefit to all of us in planning these areas. We need a comprehensive view of organized camping needs, and the steps we will take to meet those needs. We need the best contribution of all the professions in accomplishing this. Since the beginning of our program we have endeavored to se- cure the best thought and contribution of the professions of educa- tion, recreational planners, designers, engineers, medicine as a specialty as practiced in the Public Health Service, forestry, geol- ogy, history and biology. We believe that we are making strides there and we hope that this conference will give an opportunity, first for our own personnel to come to a meeting of minds, and that we will all benefit. from the experience of the National leaders in camping who have been so kind as to contribute their time and effort in com-. ing here to make available to us their experience over many years of organized camping. I had sincerely hoped that at the beginning of our program it would have been possible to have held this meeting, but circumstances did not permit and I had hoped that we would be able to conduct four training conferences this Spring in various parts of the country; but again, due to the terrific amount of work in- volved in other things than planning, we decided it was best to hold one, and bring our men from the various parts of the country to it. We selected this location for two reasons; first, because of the high standards of the Girl Scouts in organized camping and because the plant that they have here is so complete, and second, because the national camping organizations, practically all have their national headquarters in New York City. By locating the meeting here we could readily secure the services of the various leaders in camp- ing in discussing problems with us. I don't want to take any more time right now. You all have the program there and after reviewing it you will realize that you have a lot to look forward to. I believe, we have been very suc- 2. LIST OF REGISTRANTS ATTENDING CAMP PLANNING CONFERENCE NAME ADDRESS TITLE DEPARTMENT * Albright, Horace New Rochelle, N.Y. Former Director N.P.S. Albright, R. 11 n Allen, Dr. A. F. Albany, N.Y. Chief, Bureau of Sanit. Health Allen, Miss Hazel K. Camp Edith Macy Director Girl.Scouts Ammerman, W. A. Richmond, Va. Landscape Technician N.P.S Bailey, Russell D. Atlanta, Ga. Assoc. Landscape Arch. N.P.S. Bamford, John Bronxville, N.Y. Draftsman N.P.S. Barrett, Lewis R. Washington, D.C. Coordinator of Rec. N.Cap.Parks Bateman, G. L. Bronxville, N.Y. Chief, Development Sec. N.P.S. Beard, D. n Wildlife Technician N.P.S. Bike, Edward L. If H Chief, Planning Sec. N.P.S. Bishop, J. E. Atlanta, Ga. Assoc. Engineer N.P.S. Bishop, Richard Indianapolis, Ind. Assoc. Architect N.P.S. Bogart, Miss Gertrude Camp Edith Macy Asst. Director Girl Scouts Borgeson, Melvin B. Bronxville, N.Y. Asst. Regional Officer N.P.S. Brady, S. A. Indianapolis, Ind. Regional Projects Mgr. N.P.S. Brosch, Carl Beaver, Pa. Asst. Landscape Arch. N.P.S. Brown, Arch A. Atlanta, Ga. Project Manager N.P.S. Brucher, V. J. Indianapolis, Ind. Assoc. Architect N.P.S. Burris, M. M. Bronxville, N.Y. Recreational Spec. N.P.S. Caldwell, John H. Somerset, Pa. Project Manager N.P.S. Cary, H. L. Providence, R.I. Forester Christiansen, M. F. Oklahoma City, Okla.Recreational Planner N.P.S. Coe, Robert B. Bar Harbor, Me. Asst. Landscape Arch. N.P.S. Cook, Horace G. White Haven, Pa. Asst. Architect N.P.S. Croasdale, J. P. Bedford, Pa. Asst. Landscape Arch. N.P.S. Croft, Louis P. Washington, D.C. Landscape Architect N.P.S. Crouch, J. W. San Francisco, Cal. Regional Projects Mgr. N.P.S. Damon, H. W. Atlanta, Ga. Asst. Architect N.P.S. Dangremond, Nelson Camden, Me. Asst. Recreational Engr. N.P.S. DeGelleke, Peter Washington, D.C. Chief, Planning Sec. N.P.S. Desmond, Thomas H. Simsbury, Conn. Regional Inspector N.P.S. Diggs, John C. Harrisburg, Pa. Regional Inspector N.P.S. Dow, Clarence E. Bar Harbor, Me. Project Manager N.P.S: Dunning, Robert Washington, D.C. Assistant Engineer N.P.S. Durell, Donald Concord, N.H. Jr. Landscape Arch. N.P.S. 197. NAME ADDRESS TITLE DEPARTMENT Eppley, G. C. Indianapolis, Ind. Recreational Planner N.P.S. Evison, Herbert Richmond, Va. Acting Regional Officer N.P.S. Fairweather, F. H. Bronxville, N.Y. Assoc. Architect N.P.S. Ferguson; Thos. W. Richmond, Va. Asst. Rec. Planner N.P.S. Fleming, Eric Washington, D.C. Civil Engineer N.P.S. Fretwell, Dr. Elbert New York City Professor of Education Columbia U. Fry, William C. Birdsboro, Fa. Work Superintendent N.P.S. Fujarcyk, Peter C. Newark, N.J. Dir. of Comm. Rec. Bd. of Educ. Gadsby, J. H. Atlanta, Ga. Asst. Regional Officer N.P.S. Gentry, L. M. " " Jr. Landscape Arch. N.P.S. Gerner, Charles H. Washington, D.C. Chief, Planning Sec N.P.S. Goodall, W. N. Indianapolis, Ind. Assoc. Rec. Spec. N.P.S. Gore, Harold M. Amherst, Mass. Dir. Physical Educ. Mass.St.Col. Graham, Don. H. Beaver, Pa. Project Manager N.P.S. Graves, Charles M. Atlanta, Ga. Assoc. Rec. Eng. N.P.S. Greeley, W. M. New York City Grever, Earle Champaign, Ill. Chief, Proj. Dev. Sec. R.A. Hadley, Ben Bar Harbor, Me. Asst. Supt.Acadia N.P. N.P.S. Hall, Walter M. West Orange, N.J. Field Secretary Boys Club A. Hall, W. R. Richmond, Va. Project Manager N.P.S. Hammett, Catherine Camp Edith Macy Girl Scouts Hanmer, Mr. Lee New York City Dir. Russell Sage Found. Dept. Rec. Hanmer, Mrs. L. n " " Hazard, James 0: Nashville, Tenn. State Forester Forestry Hazard, Mrs. James " n Higgins, A. J. Richmond, Va. Assoc. Architect N.P.S. Hoyt, R. E. San Francisco, Cal. Recreational Planner N.P.S. Huppuch, M. C. Washington, D.C. Deputy Asst. Director N.P.S. Husted, James Concord, N.H. Asst. Recreational Engr. N.P.S. Johnson, Dr. M. Bronxville, N.Y. Wildlife Technician N.P.S. Johnston, Fred T. Washington, D. C. Deputy Asst. Director N.P.S. Keeler, Burton Bronxville, N.Y. Arch. Technician N.P.S. Kelly, Arthur Peekskill, N.Y. Superintendent West.Co.P.Com Kennedy, Miss J. Washington, D. C. Clerk - Stenographer N.P.S. Kennedy, Sidney S Bronxville, N.Y. Asst. Regional Officer N.P.S. 198. NAME ADDRESS TITLE DEPARTMENT Pomeroy, Allen Albany, N.Y. Admin. Assistant Nat.Youth A Potter, Harley L. Salamanca, N.Y. Regional Inspector N.P.S. Preece, E. F. Washington, D.C. Engineer N.P.S. Pritchard, Dr. Earle Bronxville, N.Y. Recreational Planner N.P.S. Randau, L. V. Oklahoma City, Okla. Regional Projects Mgr. N.P.S. Robinson, R. C. Richmond, Va. Recreational Planner N.P.S. Roth, Louis Richmond, Va. Asst. Civil Engineer N.P.S. Saggus, M. Oliver Crawfordsville, Ga. Asst. Architect N.P.S. Saggus, Mrs. Oliver " Salomon, J. P. Washington, D.C. Recreational Specialist N.P.S. Saylor, Kenneth Beaver, Pa. Asst. Architect N.P.S. Schowe, Carl Columbus, Ind. Asst. Director Boys Club Scully, Capt. C. B. New York City Director, Life Saving Amer.RedCro: Sellers, William Beaver, Pa. Asst. Engineer N.P.S. Simmons, Kenneth Washington, D.C. Deputy Asst. Director N.P.S. Sharp, L. " 11 N.P.S. Sheffield, Walter H. Harrisburg, Pa. Regional Inspector N.P.S. Shorey, A. T. Albany, N.Y. Campsite Inspector N.Y.State Conser.Dept Slater, L. S. Richmond, Va. Asst. Recreational Engr. N.P.S. Stapleton, H. N. Burlington, Vt. Ext. Agric. Engineer Vt.Agric.Ext Service Stearns, Charles H. Birdsboro, Pa. Asst. Landscape Arch. N.P.S. Stephenson, M. S. New York City Bldg. Manager Y.M.C.A. N.J Stewart, Ralph W. Somerset, Pa. Asst. Landscape Arch. N.P.S. Stone, E. B. Richmond, Va. Project Manager N.P.S. Styles, Wayne Providence, R.I. Asst. Landscape Arch. N.P.S. Sylvester, Arthur C. Birdsboro, Pa. Project Manager N.P.S. Tallman, Harold Concord, N.H. Asst. Engineer N.P.S. Thorndike, Allston Camden, Me. Asst. Engineer N.P.S. Treml, Bernard Providence, R.I. Asst. Rec. Engineer N.P.S. Vanston, A. R. Thurmont, Md. Asst. Architect N.P.S. Vibberts, Gerald Bronxville, N.Y. Sr. Eng. Draftsman N.P.S. Waldrop, J. P. Atlanta, Ga. Asst. Architect N.P.S. Wallace, J. A. Omaha, Neb. Regional Projects Mgr. N.P.S. Warner, Charles K. Providence, R.I. Asst. Landscape Arch. N.P.S. Weatherwax, H. E. Washington, D.C. Coordinator N.P.S. 200. NAME ADDRESS TITLE DEPARTMENT * Welch, Fay. Syracuse, N.Y. Collaborator N.P.S Welch, Major Wm. A. Iona Island, N.Y. Supt. & Gen. Mgr. Palisades Interstate Pk. Comm. Whalen, Thos. Providence, R.I. Asst.Supt. of Forests Div. of Agric & Conser. Williams, G. B. Richmond, Va. Project Manager N.P.S. Williams, J. B. Washington, D.C. Collaborator N.P.S. Wilson, Edbert C. Camden, Me. Project Manager N.P.S. Wirth, Conrad L. Washington, D.C. Asst. Director N.P.S. Yarnall, I. T. Washington, D.C. Asst. Regional Forester U.S. Forest Service Yeager, Richard L. Birdsboro, Fa. Arch. Draftsman N.P.S. Young, Clifford A. Newark, N.J. Registrar Bd. of Educ. Yudell, Robert I. Bedford, Pa. Asst. Architect N.P.S: 201. Bibliography PUBLISHED PUBLIC DOCUMENTS Anderson, Capt. George. Report of the Superintendent of the the Year 1883. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Of- Yellowstone National Park to the Secretary of the Interior, 1891. fice, 1883. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1891. Congress, Senate. Letter From the Secretary of the Interior, Ac- Annual Report of the Superintendent of the Yellowstone companying a Report of the Superintendent of the Yellowstone National Park, 1892. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing National Park for the Year 1872. 42nd Cong., 3rd sess., 1873. S. Office, 1892. Ex Doc. 35. Annual Report of the Acting Superintendent of the Cramton, Louis. Early History of Yellowstone National Park and Yellowstone National Park to the Secretary of the Interior, 1894. Its Relation to National Park Policies. Washington, D.C.: Gov- Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1894. ernment Printing Office, 1922. Annual Report of the Acting Superintendent of the Culpin, Mary Shivers. The History of the Construction of the Road Yellowstone National Park to the Secretary of the Interior, 1895. System in Yellowstone National Park, 1872-1966. Historic Re- Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1895. source Study, Volume I. Selections from the Division of Cul- Report of the Acting Superintendent of the Yellowstone tural Resources, Rocky Mountain Region. National Park Ser- National Park to the Secretary of the Interior, 1896. Washing- vice. No. 5, 1994. ton, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1896. Erwin, Capt. James B. Annual Report of the Acting Superinten- Annual Report of the Director of the National Park Service to the dent of the Yellowstone National Park to the Secretary of the Secretary of the Interior for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, Interior, 1898. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Of- 1920. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1920. fice, 1898. Annual Report of the Director of the National Park Service to the Harris, Capt. Moses. Annual Report of the Superintendent of the Secretary of the Interior for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, Yellowstone National Park, 1887. Washington, D.C.: Govern- 1921. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1921. ment Printing Office, 1887. Annual Report of the Director of the National Park Service to the Annual Report of the Superintendent of the Yellowstone Secretary of the Interior for the Fiscal Year Ended 1923, and National Park, 1888. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing the Travel Season 1923. Washington, D.C.: Government Print- Office, 1888. ing Office, 1923. Annual Report of the Superintendent of the Yellowstone Annual Report of the Director of the National Park Service to the National Park to the Secretary of the Interior, 1889. Washing- Secretary of the Interior for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, ton, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1889. 1925, and the Travel Season 1925. Washington, D.C.: Gov- Ickes, Harold. Annual Report of the Secretary of the Interior for ernment Printing Office, 1925. the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1940. Washington, D.C.: Gov- Annual Report of the Director of the National Park Service to the ernment Printing Office, 1940. Secretary of the Interior for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, Lane, Franklin. Annual Report of the Secretary of the Interior for 1926. and the Travel Season 1926. Washington, D.C.: Gov- the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1916. Washington, D.C.: Gov- ernment Printing Office, 1926. ernment Printing Office, 1916. Annual Report of the Director of the National Park Service to the Norris, Philetus. Annual Report of the Superintendent of the Secretary of the Interior for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, Yellowstone National Park, 1877. Washington, D.C.: Govern- 1929. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1929. ment Printing Office, 1878. Annual Report of the Director of the National Park Service to the "Report Upon the Yellowstone National Park for the Year Secretary of the Interior for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1878, to the Secretary of the Interior," Annual Report of the 1932 and the Travel Season 1932. Washington, D.C.: Govern- Interior for 1878. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Of- ment Printing Office, 1932. fice, 1878. Ballinger, R. A. Report of the Secretary of the Interior for the Report Upon the Yellowstone National Park for the Year Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1907. Washington, D.C.: Govern- 1879. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1880. ment Printing Office, 1907. Annual Report of the Superintendent of the Yellowstone Boutelle, Capt. F. A. Annual Report of the Superintendent of the National Park to the Secretary of the Interior, 1880. Washing- Yellowstone National Park, 1890. Washington, D.C.: Govern- ton, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1881. ment Printing Office, 1890. Fifth Annual Report of the Superintendent of the Conger, P. H. Annual Report of the Superintendent of the Yellowstone National Park. Washington, D.C.: Government Yellowstone National Park to the Secretary of the Interior for Printing Office, 1881. "For the Benefit and Enjoyment of the People" A History of ConcessioN Development MARY SHIVERS CULPIN. 150 in Yellowstone National Park, 1872-1966. NPS. YeR-CR-2003-01 Pitcher, Major John. Annual Report of the Superintendent of the National Park Archives. Box: 079-63A-570, File: 4, YP Co. Yellowstone National Park to the Secretary of the Interior, 1903. "Capacity of Hotel, Lodge, and Cabin Accommodations, March Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1903. 12, 1951." Box: 079-63A-570, File: 2, Hamilton Store, Bldgs. Annual Report of the Superintendent of the Yellowstone Equipment. Yellowstone National Park Archives. National Park to the Secretary of the Interior, 1905. Washing- "Concessions in the National Parks. A Statement by Western Con- ton, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1905. ference National Park Concessioners," May 23, 1943. Proceedings of the National Park Conference Held at the "Concessions Policies of the National Park Service, October 13, Yellowstone National Park, September 11, and 12, 1911. Wash- 1950." Yellowstone National Park Archives. Box: YPC-97. ington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1912. "Dedication and Opening Ceremony Grant Village, Yellowstone Proceedings of the Second National Park Conference Held at the National Park, June 23, 1963" program. Box: YPC-2, File: Yosemite National Park, October 14, 15, 16, 1912. Washing- Huntley Child, Jr. Yellowstone National Park Archives. ton, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1913. Drury, Newton. "Statement Concerning Facilities Available to the Proceedings of the National Park Conference Held at Berkeley, Public in National Park Areas During the 1943 Season." Box: California, March 11, 12, and 13, 1915. Washington, D.C.: YPC-5, File: Accommodations 1943-45. Yellowstone National Government Printing Office, 1915. Park Archives. Proceedings of the National Parks Conference. Washington, D.C.: Hill, Sanford. "Monthly Narrative Report to Chief Architect Government Printing Office, 1917. Through the Superintendent on Major and Minor Roads and Report of the Director of the National Park Service to the Secre- Trails and Projects Other than E.C.W. for Yellowstone National tary of the Interior for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1918. Park." June 24-July 25, 1936." Landscape Architect-Engi- Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1918. neer Box: 10. Yellowstone National Park Archives. Report of the Director of the National Park Service to the Secre- "Narrative Report on Yellowstone National Park, Septem- tary of the Interior for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1919. ber 1939." Landscape Architects-Engineers Box: 10. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1919. Yellowstone National Park Archives. Young, Col. S. B. M. Annual Report of the Superintendent of the Johnston, Fred T. "AnAnalysis of the Business of Hamilton Stores, Yellowstone National Park to the Secretary of the Interior, 1897. Incorporated in Yellowstone National Park, December 1, 1950." Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1897. Box: C-11. Hamilton Stores. Yellowstone National Park Ar- chives. UNPUBLISHED DOCUMENTS Mattison, Ray. "Report on Historical Structures at Yellowstone National Park," September 1960. Yellowstone National Park Library. "Address by Hon. Harold Ickes, Secretary of the Interior, No- "Minutes of the Eighth National Park Conference Held In Mesa vember 20, 1934." Box: 2, File: Historical. Yellowstone Na- Verde National Park, Colorado, October 1, to 5, 1925, Inclu- tional Park Archives. sive." Yellowstone National Park Library. Albright, Horace. "Report on Construction to Mr. D. R. Hull by "Minutes of A NPS-Concession Meeting, May 21, 1958." Horace Albright, October 27, 1922." National Archives. Record Haynes Papers. Ms. 1504. Box: 189. Burlingame Special Group 79. Entry 7. Yellowstone National Park-610-620. Collections, Montana State University. Box: 470. "Minutes of a Meeting the Yellowstone Park Concessioners and Annual Report for 1924. Yellowstone National Park Li- the National Park Service held January 14, 1960 at Livingston, brary. Montana." Haynes Papers. Ms. 1504. Box: 191, File: 23. Allredge, Rendel B. "Survey of Public Preference for Certain Pro- Burlingame Special Collections, Montana State University. posed Types of Concessioner Accommodations at Yellowstone "Minutes of Meeting of the Yellowstone Park Concessioners, June National Park-Report of Statistical Analysis, by Rendel B. 14, 1964." Haynes Papers. Ms. 1504. Box: 197. Burlingame Alldredge, 1959." Haynes Papers. Ms. 1504. Box: 190, File: Special Collections, Montana State University. 13. Burlingame Special Collections. Montana State Univer- "Minutes of the Meeting Held at West Yellowstone on Sept. 4, sity. 1964, National Park Service and Concessioners." Haynes Pa- "Annual Report of Yellowstone-Western Stage Company, De- pers. Ms. 1504. Box: 197. Burlingame Special Collections, cember 31, 1915." F. Jay Haynes Papers. Series III, Box: 22, Montana State University. Folder; 12. Burlingame Special Collections, Montana State "Obituary Delivered by Jack Ellis Haynes at Memorial Services University. for Charles Ashworth Hamilton in Yellowstone National Park Atterbury, Grosvenor. "Notes on the Architectural and Other Es- Chapel on June 4, 1957." Northern Pacific Railroad Papers. thetic Problems Involved in the Development of Our Great Box: 112, File 14. Minnesota Historical Society. National Parks, Made during August and September 1929." "Proceedings of Joint Council of National Park Operators and Series Post 1926, Box: Landscape Architect Files, File: No. Superintendents Held at Grand Canyon National Park, Ari- 239. Yellowstone National Park Archives. zona-May 1-5, 1934." Yellowstone National Park Library. Baker, Howard. "Comments of Branch of Plans and Design, Oc- "Report of Meeting with Representatives of the Western Park tober 10, 1941." Box: 079-63A-570, File: 3, Bldgs. Haynes. Operators' Conference, Chicago, Illinois-December 1, 1942. Yellowstone National Park Archives. Box: YPC-125, File: Lodge Division. 1941-45. Yellowstone Brett, Col. Lloyd. "Annual Report for Yellowstone National Park, National Park Archives. 1916." Yellowstone National Park Library. "Report on Annual Meeting Western Conference National Park "Capacity of Hotel, Lodge, and Cabin Accommodations, National Concessioners, Washington, D.C., March 25 and 26, 1953." Park Service Concessioners, August, 1948." Yellowstone Haynes Papers. Ms. 1504. Box: 187, File: 34. Burlingame Spe- Bibliography 151 3/24/03 Revised 8/6/04 Superintendent Conferences (1911-41): NOTES s G. Dars x S. Hadbey Canf. # Location/ Year/Document Type(s) 5th Denver, Colorado & Rody nlt. N.P. Nov. 13-16, 1919 for appears to be ir attendence though has letter of 12/9/19 where be discuss discusses, Mesa Verde N.P. his tentions to visit other national packs. 8th 10/1-10/5 Minutes CBD. Colorado 1925 photos, list of imaged page partic. Sinegeof C.B.D. on site 9th. Intarion Dept. 10/15-10/20 Couf. Report List of Attendees GBD Washington 1926 Photo of Hadley, list ofinged. BH. Photo of 6BD at Dept /Interios Hot Springs N.P. B.H. 1932 Image and list 8 B.Hadbey Interior Dept. 11/19-11/23 Conf Rept. Lost of Attendees BH Washingbon 1934 New document indicate his attendance in Denver; a in letter forwarded to his Denver hotel. [2017] Similarly, GBD did not attend 1923 though in Aug :23 he refers to preparations for this Hep. 2 Superintendent Contrever Note Attendence at non- Leep Caterence Camp Edith Macy 5/20-5/23 List of Attendees Project Manager BH Briardiff llanor, NY 1936 Also Clarence E. Dow NPS. a Intervor Bidg. 1/17-1/22 Program of Invited quests Washington, D.C. 1938 include GBD & BH. Don't how attendee list. Interior Bldq. 1/5 to 1/10 List (of attsidees?) B.H. Washington, D.C 1939 B.H. Wash ington, D.C. 1/21 to 1/29 List of attendees BH. 1941 B.H. (S t superintender continues Note: Attendence at non-fup. Catereace Camp Edith Macy 5/20-5/23 List of Attendees Project manager BH Briardiff U anor, NY 1936 Also Clarence E. Dow, NPS. Intervor Bldg. 1/17-1/22 Program of Invited quests Washington, D.C. 1938 include GBD & BH. Don't how attendee list. Interior Bldq. 1/5to 1/10 List (of attendees ?) B.H. Washington, D.C 1939 B.H. Wash ington, D.C. 1/21 to 1/29 List of attendees BH. 1941 B.H.