Abbe Mesealm Development the 1 "Establishing Dr. Abbe's Museum in Mr. Dorr's Park" Ronald H. Epp Ph.D. Southern New Hampshire University Abbe Museum 75th Anniversary Celebration, September 14, 2003, Bar Harbor, Maine For nearly fifty years (1881-1928) the paths of two prominent Bar Harbor residents intersected repeatedly. Dr. Robert Abbe (1851-1928) and Mr. George B. Dorr (1853-1944) were moving independently in the same direction, aligned with other summer and permanent Hancock County residents, towards improving the quality of life on Mount Desert Island (MDI). In the last six years of Dr. Abbe's life, Dorr and Abbe would share the path that led to a glade beside the Springhouse at Sieur de Monts in Lafayette National Park. At this site a museum of native American artifacts was being erected that would bear Dr. Abbe's name. (I-1) Unfortunately, he would not witness its dedication nor oversee its early development. In 2003 the Abbe Museum celebrated its 75th anniversary; the same year marked the 150th anniversary of Mr. Dorr's birth. (1) The intersection of the interests of Dorr and Abbe, the exercise of their distinctive areas of expertise, and their shared values would prove to be very important for the development of the Island. Their collaborative effort was a deliberate attempt to create scientific and cultural instruments that both preserved the beauty and health of the Island as well as the remains from pre-European settlement. A timely assessment of their relationship will deepen our appreciation of the unique dynamic that shaped the genesis of Acadia National Park, the Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, and the Abbe Museum. 2 Many people who are steeped in the traditions of MDI are acquainted with the basic biographical details of these two rusticators. Robert Abbe was born in New York City, educated in its public schools and graduated from both the College of the City of New York and the College of Physicians and Surgeons. A friend and biographer of Dr. Abbe refered to "his exactness of thought, his precision of action, his deftness of hand his sympathetic spirit, his courage and imagination which drove him into the great and vital calling of a surgeon." (2) In the last two decades of the 19th century he pioneered techniques at St. Luke's Hospital and other metropolitan medical centers that yielded new procedures in cranial, spinal, and intestinal surgery that remain standard procedures to this day. During this period Abbe adopted Bar Harbor as his summer retreat. (I-2) Attracted to the non-invasive potential of newly discovered radium, in 1904 he visited the Paris laboratories of Pierre and Marie Curie. After returning to America, Dr. Abbe introduced this new therapy to his colleagues and for the remainder of his life experimented with its applications. The aplastic anemia that took his life in 1928 may have resulted from experimentation with a radioactive substance of uncertain properties. Like Dr. Abbe, George Bucknam Dorr's origins were cosmopolitan and he too traced his ancestors back to early 17th-century English origins. Dorr's parents were affluent Boston Brahmins who sent their two sons to Harvard College and traveled widely as a family on the Continent and to Mediterranean countries. (I-3) Shortly after the death of their eldest son they journeyed to Bar Harbor and were sufficiently impressed with the area to purchase seventy acres of land facing Compass Harbor. (I-4) With no strong economic incentive to pursue a profession, George Dorr's involvement with the Harvard scholarly community grew as its Philosophy Department, under the leadership of William James, entered its Golden Age. (I-5) 3 At the same time Dorr's involvement with the new Bar Harbor Village Improvement Association (BHVIA) intensified, especially in horticultural and trailblazing endeavors. Beginning in 1901 Dorr found his "profession" in executing the mission of the newly formed Hancock County Trustees of Public Reservations (HCTPR), " an endeavor to preserve for public enjoyment the scenic and historic sites of Mount Desert." (3) A lifelong bachelor, Dorr's sustained romance was with this place, a decidedly non-cosmopolitan island in Frenchman Bay. Over four decades he assiduously assembled tracts of land, negotiated the donation of this land to the people of the United States, and administered the first national park east of the Rocky Mountains for twenty eight years until his death in 1944 at 90 years of age. What led Dorr, Abbe and other notable rusticators to steward this small island, a place to which none were wedded by family ties or economic necessity? In these times when we journey to a locale for recreational pursuits, few of us entertain the vexing question SO important to these summer residents: how might this island be improved and protected from forces that would degrade it or segregate it from public use? THE CULTURE OF BAR HARBOR Most of us have more than passing familiarity with the 19th century benchmarks of MDI development. The discovery of the natural splendors of the Island by the artists of the Hudson River School and the ease of movement to the Island from metropolitan areas by steam-powered ships and railroad resulted in the post-Civil War discovery of the island by Boston, Philadelphia, and New York families whose wealth was largely a product of the Industrial Revolution. 4 We know from hotel registry lists published in the Mount Desert Herald that Dr. Abbe first took rooms in the Belmont Hotel in 1881, and thereafter routinely summered in Bar Harbor as the community rapidly prospered. Following his marriage he and his wife Catherine purchased Brook End abutting Frenchman Bay beside Duck Brook. (I-6) Although the documentation of the first decade of the Abbe's involvement in Bar Harbor culture is minimal the evidence for the Dorr family's activities is substantial. Charles and Mary Dorr began to summer in Bar Harbor in the early 1870's. Like the Abbes their lives were rooted in the Gilded Age cities where they could hobnob with prominent citizens like the celebrated publisher James Fields; his close friend Charles Dickens was invited to a Christmas eve dinner at the Dorr's Boston residence. (4) In Bar Harbor they designed a state of the art cottage (I-7) which was winterized for year round occupancy. (I-8) Built in 1878, Old Farm and its bountiful gardens became a social nexus under the careful direction of Mary Dorr, where family, friends, literary, scientific, and political notables were invited. (I-9) Her guest book is one of the most cherished possessions of the Bar Harbor Historical Society Museum. (I-10) It documents the intellectual environment afforded young George Dorr in Bar Harbor (I-11) although the intellectuals in Cambridge provided him with a scholarly environment more to his liking. The earliest documented interaction between Robert Abbe and George Dorr occurs early in the 20th century when Catherine Abbe, his wife, contributed financially to establish the Building of the Arts, Bar Harbor's first cultural icon. As President of the Building of the Arts Founders Committee, George Dorr sought "to increase not only the love for music but the desire for 5 whatever is excellent in art." (5) In 1905 Catherine Abbe, George W. Vanderbilt and others joined Dorr in purchasing land adjacent to the Kebo Valley Club and funded the initial architectural design of this new facility. (I-12) According to the obituary in the Bar Harbor Times, both Dr. and Mrs. Abbe "were among the moving spirits whose vision and energy resulted in the [1907] completion of the Building of the Arts." (6) For more than thirty years the Building of the Arts Associates would offer Island residents performing artists of international renown, due in no small part to Catherine Abbe's continuing involvement until her death in 1920. (I-13) IMPROVING AND PROTECTING I LIFE During the first decade of the 20th century Dorr and Abbe deepened their formal involvement in the development of the Island. George Dorr and his parents were active in the local village improvement association from its inception in 1891. The BHVIA minutes provide extensive documentation of the involvement of Mary and George Dorr in the diverse committees that were responsible for community quality of life in the absence of a centralized town government structure that we now take for granted. One key BHVIA concern was public health issues which were the responsibility of the sanitation committee. In an era when little was known about bacteriology and disease transmission, the Island's village improvement societies were the sole investigative, corrective, and preventative agents to the threats posed by contaminated water, milk, and a host of pestilences. The BHVIA annual reports contain recurring news of efforts to mitigate malaria, typhoid, scarlet fever, tuberculosis, and other afflictions. In 1907 Dr. Abbe founded the Sanitation Committee and worked closely with Dorr and other committee members to develop public health policies and 6 procedures. (7) Following his death in 1928, the BHVIA minutes would memorialize Dr. Abbe as "a lover of nature, a man of artistic sensitiveness, a scientist, a surgeon, a gentleman of distinguished attainments, and a rarely lovable friend." (8) In time Abbe became interested in the Hancock County Trustees of Public Reservations (HCTPR), an organization that grew from the vision of Harvard University President Charles W. Eliot. Formed in 1901 through the efforts of eight incorporators (including Eliot, Dorr, John S. Kennedy, and Luere Deasy of Bar Harbor), the Trustees became the key agent in changing resident perception about the importance of the unique natural beauties of the Island. On January 1, 1903 the Trustees were incorporated by the state of Maine "to acquire, hold and maintain and improve for free public use lands in Hancock County which by reason of scenic beauty, historical interest, sanitary advantage or for other reasons may be available for the purpose." (9) In 1910 Dr. Abbe's name first appeared on the HCTPR membership list. This date also signaled the first documented interaction between him and Dorr. Its consequence would have dramatic implications for the Island. Dr. Abbe sent a letter to Dorr, who was the land acquisition agent for the Trustees, identifying land development on the shores of Eagle Lake that threatened the purity of Bar Harbor's water supply. Relying as well on Seal Harbor physician William T. Sedgwick (whose recent monograph on public water supplies was regarded as authoritative), Dorr used this latest sanitation threat to mount a formidable campaign in the State capital. (10) His intent was to protect the public from the self serving interests of land developers. In short order he secured the power of eminent domain for the Trustees from the State of Maine. With one mighty stroke Dorr revealed the political astuteness that would grow in the decades ahead. The authority embedded in 7 the legal concept of eminent domain not only protected Bar Harbor health in the short run but also enabled the Trustees to realize more easily their long range conservation objectives for MDI. The magnitude of Dorr's achievements as executive agent for the Trustees is well documented in correspondence between President Eliot and John D. Rockefeller Jr. Dorr's aggressive acquisition of protected land prompted both men to express to one another their concern that too many properties were acquired at the expense of Dorr's personal fortune. (11) Of the 129 properties acquired by the Trustees in its first 38 years, an astounding 53 properties (from small parcels to tracts of more than a thousand acres) were executed by Dorr during a brief eight year period between 1908 and 1915. Two small parcels west of Duck Brook were deeded to the Trustees by Dr. Abbe in September 1919; no documentation identifies the motivation for the gift but it is hard to believe that Dorr was not involved. Outside the Trustee framework, Abbe allied himself with Dorr's land acquisition activities. Following the death in 1914 of the famous Philadelphia physician S. Weir Mitchell--who summered in Bar Harbor--residents discussed at length a suitable memorial for this beloved gentleman. Since marine biology was one of Mitchell's interests, Dorr thought that his name should be associated with a living memorial where scientific research was pursued. Once a suitable site was identified, he asked Abbe to draft an appeal for funds to purchase the old Emery Farm in Hulls Cove. Within another five years the Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory (MDIBL) would be established there due in no small part to this alliance. (12) These activities clearly show development of the skills required for creation and management of institutional enterprises. 8 MAPPING THE ISLAND Both Abbe and Dorr trekked the trails and memorial paths of the Island. (I-14) For more than three decades Dorr constructed footpaths and supervised trail development that went well beyond Bar Harbor. (I-15) Repeatedly traversing cross-island carry trails established by the Wabenaki, pathfinders recognized that many routes provided access to inland ponds and marshes utilized for hunting and gathering of consumables. (13) Dorr was also attentive to the subtle topographical variations that would prove essential in orchestrating Trustees land acquisition. The complexity of Dorr's geographically centered mental landscape was critical to the property demarcation issues involved in the development of Lafayette National Park as well as his new collaboration with John D. Rockefeller Jr. in carriage and motor road construction. During the period 1914 through 1919 Dorr was entirely focused on the federal government processes involved in legally transferring more than 5,000 acres of Trustee land to the United States. Although President Wilson created from this donated land the Sieur de Monts National Monument in 1916 a far more complex deed validation process was involved to secure Congressional approval to establish Lafayette National Park in 1919. (14) It is not unreasonable to suppose that Abbe's interest in mapping the Island would aid this process. A letter in the National Archives provides one indication of the scope of the relationship between Abbe and Dorr. David H. Morris, a Bar Harbor summer resident and friend to both Abbe and Dorr, wrote to Secretary of the Interior Franklin Lane in August 1917 regarding the renaming of Island geographical features. Morris' letter cites four reasons--credited to Dr. Abbe-- for renaming Dry Mountain (also known as Flying Squadron Mountain) as Dorr Mountain. (15) At a time when 9 government policies prohibited naming geographical features after individuals who were still alive, Abbe's high regard for his colleague flew in the face of convention. At the same time Abbe began creating the widely celebrated Champlain Map of Mount Desert Island. Several of these relief maps survive--in the Abbe Museum and the Bar Harbor Historical Society Museum. (I-16) First designed in 1915, (I-17) successive versions of this map were produced and widely distributed over the next decade. (I-18,19 "Under the direction of Mr. Dorr," the map was photographed and from plates attractive note card maps were distributed as Christmas greetings in 1925. (16) (I-20,21,22) As both men approached their seventh decade their mapping efforts were curtailed by age and failing health. Governor Ralph Brewster articulated the concerns of Dr. Abbe's friends for the "weariness, the fever, and the fret" that he endured, requiring repeated hospitalization and frequent transfusions. (17) Both men had reason to be concerned for each other's health. Dorr who was hospitalized during this period following a narrow escape from death when he was struck by an auto in Boston. As an avid hiker and trailblazer, Dorr might reasonably fear that his legs would fail him as he aged. In the end, it would not be his legs that would betray him, but his eyes. The glaucoma that had restricted his reading ability since his Harvard College years and would ultimately lead to blindness--and diminished capacities-- in the decade following Abbe's death. 10 THE VISION OF A MUSEUM In his 1935 memorial essay, (I-23) Reverend William Lawrence acknowledges that at 71 years of age, Abbe's "work seemed to be finished; his health was failing and invalidism to his life's end was certain." (18) However, the sight of the native American stone implements that lay behind F.E. Sherman's china store window on Cottage street revitalized Abbe and presented him with a new challenge. In The Beginnings of a Museum, Abbe recalled this moment as inspiration for the park museum: "When I saw these implements. I was filled with a desire to possess and study them." Abbe purchased the stones and after returning to New York "the idea of utilizing them as a nucleus for a local museum possessed me." (19) (I-24) At the 1928 museum dedication Judge Leure Deasy remarked that "hundreds of us cast a glance at [these stones] and passed on." (20) Only Abbe grasped their significance and anticipated their museum applications. (I-25) The realization of this vision required both local and national support. Although the details are unknown, within two years Dorr would bring Secretary of the Interior Hubert Work to Brook End to meet Dr. Abbe. (21) He viewed the artifacts and Abbe sketched his museum project. (I-26) He recalls that Secretary Work "was enthusiastic and showed me a telegram conveying a gift of $60,000 from the Laura Spellman Rockefeller Foundation for a similar museum for the Yellowstone Park." (22) The MDI artifacts were also displayed locally at the Jesup Memorial Library. John D. Rockefeller Jr. wrote to Dr Abbe that his "boys" will appreciate seeing them there. (23) Dorr continued to play a key role in fostering public awareness of this growing collection of artifacts by writing to National Park Service Director Stephen Tyng Mather that "my old friend, Dr. Robert Abbe, of New York, has become deeply interested during this past summer, in the establishment of an Indian museum in connection with the Park." (24) 11 At this juncture we should pause to inquire about the extent of Dorr's interest in native American culture. The only clear evidence is a 1919 letter in which Dorr states his intent to publish a series of papers focused on native and European interactions. (25) Though we may judge his scholarly interest in native cultures as slight, his commitment to realizing Abbe's vision was not. THE SCOPE OF THE MUSEUM Although Dorr's inherited wealth supported many of his conservation enterprises, Abbe required financial support in order to realize his museum vision. Since Abbe was inexperienced in fund raising, he relied on others for advice. Following the significant initial $25,000 endowment from Mrs. Walter G. Ladd, Reverend Lawrence offered Abbe nothing less than a short course in fund- raising involving community education, publicity, and extensive glad handing. (26) One important potential donor had already been approached; in April 1926 Abbe sent John D. Rockefeller Jr. both the newest relief map and a sketch of the proposed museum. Even though the sketch was returned, the seed had been planted and Mr. Rockefeller contributed $10,000 in his name and another $5,000 as a memorial to Dr. Cornelius Woelfkin, a physician and friend. (27) October 11th, 1926 marked an important milestone when Museum President Dorr signed the papers incorporating the museum within Lafayette National Park; curiously, Abbe's name is absent from these legal documents. Correspondence between Dorr and Abbe now center on establishment of a museum organizational structure, committee assignments, and finalization of the incorporator list required by the State of Maine. Over the winter months Dorr and Abbe planned the construction of the museum although it is unclear what roles each assumed. What is 12 clear is that Dorr sought to expand Abbe's familiarity with museum curatorship by introducing him to William Otis Sawtelle, founder of the Islesford Historical Museum. Philadelphia architect Edmund B. Gilchrist was commissioned to design the structure. (I-27) In April 1927 Dorr writes to Abbe in New York City of his daylong meetings with Gilchrist discussing site and museum design as well as topics from grades of quarried stone to shades of roof tiles. (I-28) Dorr was clearly pleased with the architectural parallels between the Sieur de Monts Springhouse and the proposed museum, an affinity recognized by landscape architect Beatrix Farrand. (28) (I-29) Architect Gilchrist wrote to Dorr that at Abbe's suggestion architectural invoices would be sent to Dorr to ensure payment by museum treasurer, Judge Deasy. Work began on June 12, 1927 with granite stone for the structure footprint secured from a quarry owned by Dorr. (29) To this day the foundation of the park museum rests on granite provided at Dorr's personal expense. Despite Dorr's monumental efforts to develop a constructive relationship between the Island and the federal government, there were problems between the museum and the new National Park Service (NPS). Dorr's failure to report the use of Lafayette National Park resources for museum purposes in his monthly superintendent reports to the NPS is highly provocative. Without his silence on this matter, museum construction may have been handicapped by governmental accountability concerns. 13 THE VISION REALIZED Dr. Abbe did not live to see his museum completed. (I-30) His death in March 1928 received worldwide news coverage. While the obituaries were similar, one claim is curious as well as misleading. The New York World refers to Dr. Abbe as a "prime mover" in the establishment of Lafayette National Park whereas The New York Times refers to Dr. Abbe's "role" in its creation. No surviving documents support these claims although the Bar Harbor Times announcement of Dr. Abbe's death cannot be easily dismissed. "A notable trio" is the phrase used to describe Eliot, Dorr, and Abbe in the establishment of Sieur de Monts National Monument and their subsequent efforts to create Lafayette National Park; this claim echoes an earlier editorial which claimed that Dorr was "closely identified with Dr. Abbe's work, as Dr. Abbe was with Mr. Dorr's founding of Lafayette National Park." (30) The August 14, 1928 dedication of the museum was a commemoration of the life of Dr. Abbe, although it would be another nine years before the museum formally adopted Abbe's name. (I-31) The newspaper report of the dedication acknowledged the 72 donors who supported the museum, (I-32) but directed attention to Dorr who had "much to do with the Museum, especially since Dr. Abbe's death, carrying out the doctor's wishes." (31). Compelling evidence of the Dorr/Abbe relationship is revealed in events after Abbe's death. The telegram from Abbe's relatives that informed the Bar Harbor community of his death. was sent to Old Farm in care of Dorr, his friend for nearly half a century. (32) When the Abbe estate was settled, the largest single bequest ($50,000) went to May Moon in recognition of her 32 years of service as secretary and caregiver of Dr. Abbe. (I-33) The only significant gift to someone who 14 was not a relative, employee, or an organization was the $10,000 bequest to George B. Dorr. Sixteen years later Dorr reciprocated when his executors directed one quarter of the his estate to the Abbe Museum. EVERYTHING THAT WAS BEST Dorr continued to provide leadership as one of the museum directors for more than a decade following Abbe's death-even as he distanced himself from issues of control. In 1931 he encouraged Dr. Warren K. Moorehead, (I-34,35) the leading authority on Maine archaeology, to continue his fieldwork on behalf of the museum and to prepare a publication on the "Indians of Mount Desert Island." (33) Dorr's interest in the dynamics of museum purpose, ownership, control, and financing was complex, especially since the NPS was only beginning to develop its own museum policies. Two key issues affected the development of the museum. Tension exists when any private non-profit corporation is legally situated within a public organization. John D. Rockefeller Jr. wrote in 1930 that it was "part of Dorr's contract with me" to effect the "transfer of the Abbe Museum and its endowment to the Park, to be owned and operated by the Park." (34) As late as 1944, a Museum board meeting was still struggling with the issue of transferring Museum ownership to the NPS; for nearly two decades board members disputed the recurring park service claim that the 2.3 acre museum property was "under complete [NPS] operative control". (35) The other issue involved the nature and control of museum educational activities. A 1929 NPS. publication for administration of educational programs stressed that the park visitor should be 15 provided with the story of the park as a whole even as specialized exhibits were still informally discouraged. (36) In a letter to John D. Rockefeller Jr. the following year, Kate Ladd--who provided the keystone endowment for the museum--expressed her growing concern that national policies were interfering with local control (37). These administrative issues are of small consequence within the context of the life histories of Abbe and Dorr. Their relationship was not exclusively professional; to the contrary, their professional associations were based on a personal relationship that was deep and broad-- a friendship based on shared values sustained over decades. (I-36) They both were guided by an urge for permanency evident in the preservationist motive behind Abbe's museum and implicit in Dorr's effort to conserve on the Island its enduring beauty. (38) The benchmarks are their own words, their sustained actions to conserve "everything that was best" about Mount Desert Island, and their collaborative effort to create a museum that would continue to inspire future generations. (I-37) One final document speaks to the impact of their friendship. Dr. Abbe was honored on his seventieth birthday with hundreds of birthday wishes. Expressions of affection were written by friends and professional colleagues; they had been gathered in two handsome volumes and preserved in the Abbe Archives. Dorr's note is deserving of special mention because it employs uncharacteristic religious imagery to convey an implicit message of enduring affection Dorr states that he feels honored to count himself "among your friends. It is a credential that I shall present to St. Peter at the Heavenly Gate; and St. Peter will open wide! But should I get there first I shall not feel that it is all they've cracked it up to be until you come!" (39) (I-38,39,40,41) 16 As we know, Dr. Abbe would predecease Mr. Dorr by sixteen years. (I-42) We do not know whether Dorr's "credential" was sufficient to "open wide" the Heavenly Gate. We do know with certainty that the Earthly Gate into Acadia was opened wide to all because of their collaborative efforts. (I-43,44) Note: At the request of the Abbe Museum Collections Curator, Julia Clark, these images (I-1 to I-44) have been integrated into this article by the author following its December 2003 publication in The History Journal of the Mount Desert Island Historical Society. Embedding these images was undertaken in order to recreate the narrative and visual content of the slide program delivered September 14, 2003 at the Abbe Museum in celebration of its 75th anniversary. The images are contained on an archived companion compact disc. February 12, 2004 Ronald H. Epp, Ph.D. Shapiro Library Director Southern New Hampshire University Manchester, NH 03106 17. ENDNOTES: R. Epp Manuscript "Establishing Dr. Abbe's Museum in Mr. Dorr's Park" The following archival archival repositories were consulted: AA: Robert Abbe Archives, Abbe Museum Archives, Bar Harbor, ME ANP: Acadia National Park Archives, History of Park Management Records, Bar Harbor, ME BHVIA Bar Harbor Village Improvement Association Minutes, Jesup Memorial Library, Bar Harbor, ME DP : Dorr Papers, Jesup Memorial Library, Bar Harbor, ME HCTPR: Hancock County Trustees of Public Reservations Archives, Woodlawn Museum, Ellsworth, ME NARA: National Archives & Records Administration, RG 79, Acadia National Park, College Park, MD RAC: Rockefeller Archive Center, Rockefeller Family Archives, RG2, Sleepy Hollow, NY 1. This article expands a slide program delivered September 14, 2003 at the Abbe Museum ( Bar Harbor, Maine ) in celebration of the 75th anniversary of the Abbe Museum, an event co- sponsored by the Bar Harbor Historical Society. 2. ANP. Box 32, File 18. William Lawrence. Robert Abbe (1935). Pg. 3. 3. HCTPR. File 1901, Samuel A. Eliot, A Brief Record of the Origin and Activities of the Hancock County Trustees of Public Reservations ( Bar Harbor: 1939 ). 4. M.A. De Wolfe Howe's Memories of a Hostess (Boston: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1922) provides a vivid introduction to Annie Fields, Boston hostess and friend of Mary Dorr. 5. RAC. OMR. III.2.I. Box 63, Folder 632. G.B. Dorr, A New Building for Music at Bar Harbor (1905). 6. Bar Harbor Times, September 12 & 19, 1928. 7. AA. Case VIII. File 8. 8. BHVIA. 1929. 9. HCTPR. F. 1901. Ibid. 10. E.O. Jordan et. al. A Pioneer of Public Health: William Thompson Sedgwick (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1924) tracks Sedgwick's career in this mongraph, noting the influence of the 1905 on Standard Methods of Water Analysis that provided microbiological authority for Dorr and Abbe's claims. 11. RAC. OMR. III.2.I. B. 59, F. 441. February 25, 1915 letter from Charles W. Eliot to John D. Rockefeller Jr. 18. 12. Franklin H. Epstein (ed.) A Laboratory by the Sea: The Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory 1898-1998 (Rhinebeck, NY: River Press, 1998). This centennial volume contains several important essays (pp. 1-63) on the origins of the Salisbury Cove facility. 13. ANP. Margie Coffin Brown. Historic Hiking Trail System of Mount Desert Island (Bar Harbor: National Park Service, Acadia National Park, 1999). Draft. Pp. 11-16. 14. George B. Dorr. The Story of Acadia National Park (Bar Harbor: Acadia Publishing, 1985). 15. NARA. RG. 79. Acadia. Miscellaneous Reports. F. 12.2, pt. 2. 16. Bar Harbor Times, January 13, 1926. 17. AA. Case III. Correspondence 1924-26. F. 9/10. Extract of August 21, 1925 letter to Dorr from Brewster. 18. ANP. B. 32. F. 18. William Lawrence. Robert Abbe (1935). Pg. 7. 19. AA. C. II. F. 2. 20. Bar Harbor Times. August 15, 1928. 21. Bar Harbor Times. July 16, 1924. 22. AA. C. II. F. 2. See also Bar Harbor Times, July 16, 1924. 23. AA. C. III. F. 8. 24. NARA. RG79. Acadia. 1907-39. November 14, 1924. 25. United States Geographic Board. Washington, D.C. April 9, 1919 letter from G.B. Dorr to U.S.G.B. Chairman Frank Bond. 26. AA. C. III. F. 2. Letters of August 28, 1926 & September 26, 1926. 27. AA. C. III. F. 8. September 15, 1927 letter from John D. Rockefeller Jr. to Dr. Abbe. 28. AA. Facilities. C. I. F. 1. May 20, 1927 letter from Beatrix Farrand to G.B. Dorr. 29. Bar Harbor Times. November 2, 1927. 30. Bar Harbor Times. July 11, 1928. 31. Bar Harbor Times. August 15, 1928. 19. 32. Bar Harbor Times. March 7 & 14, 1928. 33. Bar Harbor Times. March 31, 1928. 34. RAC. OMR. III. 2. I. B. 74. F. 760. July 8, 1930 letter to Fred Lynam. 35. AA. C. III. F. 9. April 29, 1944 letter from NPS Director Newton B. Drury to Fletcher T. Wood. 36. National Park Service. Harpers Ferry Center Library. Historical Collection. RG19. Box K1810. Reports & Recommendations from the Committee on Study of Educational Problems in National Parks, January 9 & November 27, 1929. 37. RAC. OMR. III. 2. I. B. 74. F. 760. 38. Judith S. Goldstein lucidly expands on the power of landscape in satisfying Dorr's "urge for permanency" in her Majestic Mount Desert (Mount Desert, ME: Somes Pond Press, 1996). 39. AA. Robert Abbe Seventieth Birthday Correspondence. Two Volumes. April 12, 1921 letter from G.B. Dorr. 20. "Establishing Dr. Abbe's Museum in Mr. Dorr's Park" Illustrations Ronald H. Epp, Ph.D. Southern New Hampshire University Abbe Museum 75th Anniversary Celebration September 24, 2003 Presentation Co-sponsored by the Bar Harbor Historical Society Bar Harbor, Maine These illustrations form a substantial portion of the images used in this public presentation at the Abbe Museum. They depart from the presentation since these selected images were subsequently attached as an unpublished appendix to an article of the same title that appeared in The History Journal of the Mount Desert Island Historical Society (Vol. V, 2003, 22-36). These unpublished archival images have been embedded at the appropriate junctures in the narrative. Illustrations: ANP: Courtesy of the William Otis Sawtelle Collections & Research Center, Acadia National Park, Bar Harbor, Maine AA: Collection of the Abbe Museum, Robert Abbe Archives, Bar Harbor, Maine BHHS: Courtesy of the Bar Harbor Historical Society, Bar Harbor, Maine Illustration 1. Title page images. AA & BHHS 2. Dr. Robert Abbe. c. 1890. AA 3. George Bucknam Dorr's Bachelor of Arts diploma from Harvard College , 1874. BHHS 4. Compass Cove. Frenchman Bay, Bar Harbor, Maine. ANP 5. George B. Dorr. c. 1890. BHHS 6. Brook End, the Frenchman Bay at Duck Brook home of Dr. and Mrs. Robert Abbe, Bar Harbor, Maine. AA 7. Old Farm home of Mr. and Mrs. Charles H. Dorr and son George, Bar Harbor, Maine. ANP 8. Old Farm in winter Bar Harbor, Maine. ANP 9. Mary Gray Ward Dorr, mother of George B. Dorr, c. 1890. BHHS 10. Signature of President Chester B. Arthur in Old Farm guest book, September 11, 1882. BHHS 11. Old Farm social gathering. c. 1890. ANP 12. Henry L. Eno, Duck Brook neighbor of Dr. & Mrs. Abbe. One of the founders of the Building of the Arts. c. 1920. BHHS 13. Building of the Arts. Bar Harbor, Maine. BHHS 14. Map of Mount Desert Island. c. 1900. BHHS 21. 15. Waldron Bates, Edward Rand, and Herbert Jacques Path Map of the Eastern Part of Mount Desert Island, 1903. BHHS 16. Dr. Robert Abbe "Champlain" relief map of Mount Desert Island. C. 1916. BHHS 17. Dr. Abbe's description of the "Champlain Map." AA 18 & 19. George B. Dorr December 28, 1925 letter to Dr. Abbe acknowledging receipt of map. AA 20. Secretary of Interior Hubert Work's August 5, 1924 letter to Dr. Abbe on receipt of map. AA 21. National Park Service Director Stephen T. Mather's December 31, 1925 letter to Dr. Abbe. AA 22. "Champlain Map" autographed bookplate inscribed by Charles W. Eliot and George B. Dorr for the Trustees of Reservations. AA 23. Title page of essay titled "Robert Abbe" by Rev. William Lawrence. 1935. AA 24. Dr. Abbe's description of the "Aims and Goals of [the] Founder," of the Abbe Museum. c. 1926. AA 25. Dr. Robert Abbe. C. 1915. AA 26. Dr. Robert Abbe. C. 1920. AA 27. Path at Sieur de Mont Spring, Lafayette National Park. ANP 28. Lafayette National Park Superintendent George B. Dorr April 8, 1927 letter to Dr. Abbe. AA 29. Architect Edmund B. Gilchrist's sketch of the rendering of the Lafayette National Park Museum of the Stone Age Antiquities. AA 30. Stone steps approaching the museum. ANP 31. External and internal museum images. AA 32. Museum display cases showered in natural light. AA 33. October 29, 1934 letter from May Moon--secretary and caretaker of Dr. Abbe-- to Revered William Lawrence characterizing Dr. Abbe and his inspiration for the museum. AA 34 & 35. March 5, 1927 letter from archaeologist Warren K. Moorehead to Dr. Abbe. AA 36. Tribute letter of March 8, 1921 to Dr. Abbe from friend, Dr. William J. Schieffelin. AA 37. George B. Dorr (c. 1930) in image taken from Mount Desert Nursery catalog. BHHS 38 - 41. Congratulatory February 16, 1921 letter from George B. Dorr to Dr. Abbe on the occasion of his seventieth birthday. AA 42. Mr. Dorr on ledge (perhaps Otter Cliffs) overlooking Frenchman's Bay. ANP 43. The Abbe Museum (c. 1940), Sieur de Monts Spring, Acadia National Park. AA 44. Decorative sketch of the Abbe Museum (c. 1930). AA ABBE MUSEUM NEWS No. 45 FALL 2003 75 Years of Nurturing Dr. Abbe's Vision The Abbe Museum celebrated its 75th anniversary on August 14 with special programs at both museums and an evening gala at the new Abbe in downtown Bar Harbor. Reprinted here are remarks by Board President Bill Ferm, given during the morning program at the historic Abbe at Sieur de Monts Spring. More photos, pages 6-7. Seventy-five years ago today, there was a gathering at this very place, to mark the The 75th anniversary celebration on August 14 began with a Blessing Ceremony at the historic Abbe. dedication of a new museum to be named after the man who was the driving force to Bishop Lawrence's address stated, "In the shaped them, that all called to each other. create it, Dr. Robert Abbe. The report the summer of 1922 a dozen stone implements That interaction possessed Robert Abbe- next day in the Bar Harbor Times stated: lay behind a window on a shop on Cottage and a part of his legacy is that the interaction "The program was one of unique interest, last- Street. Hundreds of us cast a glance look at has remained with this museum for three- ing but a half hour, graceful, finely arranged, a them and passed on. Dr. Abbe, stopping to quarters of a century. Dr. Abbe saw in those fitting tribute in every word, in every note of look at them, caught a vision," which he implements something to study, but he also, music, in every expression of appreciation, to than goes on to describe. He quotes Robert as Bishop Lawrence commented, caught the Dr. Robert Abbe, whose vision and energy Abbe as having said, "I was filled with a vision of the life of the people, the individuals, throughout many years found expression in desire to possess and study them and on who made them. the beautiful little building " returning to New York the idea of utilizing them as a nucleus for a local The history and the vision of this museum That proceeding, as this one, was endowed museum possessed me." "That," Bishop are endowed with that gift, the insight to see with reverence for the undertaking-then, that as we learn about the lives and culture Lawrence goes on to say, "was only six with the comments of Dr. Abbe's friend, of others, we learn SO much about who we years ago. From that time Dr. Abbe worked Bishop William Lawrence, as we here have all are, as well as what we can become. for the ideal that possessed him. Calling a been reminded of the sanctity of what is few friends to his aid, he alone has led. continued on page 9 now the history of this museum with the Fighting for his life day and night, he has Blessing Ceremony presented for us by been the very heart of enthusiasm, INSIDE Arnie Neptune and Jane Smith. courage, cheer and hope." That proceeding, as this one, was enriched More About the 75th Anniversary Something very special happened when by music-then, with renditions of Bach New Trustees Dr. Abbe stopped on Cottage Street in and Handel by a cellist and a harpist, as this New Acquisitions 1922 and noticed the stone artifacts. I proceeding has received the gifts of Blanche think it was not only something special Waponahki Student Art Exhibition Sockabasin's drum and voice and the music about Dr. Abbe, but something special Searching for John Snow of the flute of David Sanipass. about those stones, and the craftsmen who Remembering Summer Programs Theresa Hoffman Receives International Abbe Downtown Recognition Open for Theresa Secord Hoffman, a member of the Private Rentals Penobscot Nation, received a prestigious Have you ever thought a museum international prize in Geneva, Switzerland would be a great place to host a on October 15 for her work as executive reception, business meeting or director of the Maine Indian Basketmakers conference? The Abbe Museum is Alliance. The "Prize for Women's Creativity now offering use of its new museum in Rural Life" is sponsored by the Women's Theresa Hoffman in downtown Bar Harbor for private World Summit Foundation (WWSF). events on the days and evenings when Ms. Hoffman, founding director of MIBA, The WWSF's summary of Ms. Hoffman's the museum is closed to the public. is the first United States citizen to receive gecomplishments recognizes her leadership the 10-year-old award. Established in role in helping to found MIBA in 1993. It The Education Gallery, Learning Lab recognition of the roles of women in notes that the organization has blossomed and grounds behind the museum are grassroots development efforts, the thanks to the skills and dedication of the available for private events. All exhibi- prize goes to individuals whose efforts basketmakers and Ms. Hoffman's vision, tion galleries can be open for the event. demonstrate exceptional creativity, courage persistence, political acumen and first-hand To make the event more special for and perseverance in improving rural life, knowledge of the art form. guests, the Abbe encourages planners along with respect for and preservation of to include a museum program or The award cites MIBA's collaboration with the environment and continuing impact guided gallery tour. the Abbe Museum on the annual Native on the community. American Festival as an example of efforts Rental fees are $200 for up to one hour Ms. Hoffman is among 33 women from that have increased significantly the sale and $100 for each additional hour. The 23 countries who received the prize this value of Maine Indian baskets and height- additional fee for a program or tour is year. She was one of five invited to attend ened the profile of Maine Native basket- $100. The rental fee is discounted the award ceremony in Geneva. makers throughout the state and nation. 15 percent for Abbe Business Associates ($500 a year), Business Partners ($1,000 a year) and contributed to it in SO many ways. Just as not-for-profit organizations. 75 years Dr. Abbe was possessed by his vision of the For information and reservations, continued from page / craftsmen who made the implements he saw contact Cynthia Crow, museum Differences are something to be noted, and on Cottage Street, the history of the Abbe is manager, at 288-3519 or respected, and appreciated because we are the history of what SO many have done to e-mail her at abbecc@midmaine.com all unique and we all can learn from each nurture that vision and bring us back here other. Robert Abbe was the driving force today, to reflect on where we are. that created this museum, but through his For the Abbe Museum has always been about own self and his own personality, he was the present as it has been about the past; it has also a messenger whose spirit embraced always been about relationships between others. In the words of Bishop Lawrence: people, Native peoples, staff, corporators, "He revealed in his life the ideals of his trustees, visitors and donors, who have been Please Support the time. Truth was to him the touchstone of touched by this museum and who have given life. His was a consuming ambition to know to it of their time, their talents and their 75th Anniversary the truth. Alert for fresh discovery, his generosity. The vision of this museum has Annual Appeal! search went far and deep. He loved men and called to SO many for three generations now. that love, transfiguring his science, made of It is fitting that this day begins with a walk to If you have not already responded to him a surgeon, keen in insight, exact in this special place: those of you who walked the 75th Anniversary Annual Appeal, movement, a very artist in his delicate here this morning have returned to where this please take a moment to do SO. It is action, deft and brilliant. That love made museum was dedicated 75 years ago. You essential that we reach our goal of him also the friend, counselor and comforter walk here today in the footsteps of those who $125,000 to support the Abbe's of his patients (He) loved nature and have been a part of the Abbe since that day, nationally-recognized exhibitions, reveled in her beauty Dr. Abbe's gift of and it is only right that as we recognize Dr. educational programs, research and imagination sent his mind and vision like Abbe's vision, we honor it by paying tribute collections care. If you have any shafts of light leaping from peak to peak. to all who have watched over and been a part questions or would like further "This very museum," Bishop Lawrence of it. information about the Abbe, please declared, "is the result of a leap of his imagina- Before you leave, I would encourage each contact Sharon Broom, development tion." of you to do two things: one, to note once director, at (207) 288-3519 or e-mail As we celebrate the 75 years of this muse- again the beauty of this place; and two, to her abbesb@midmaine.com um, we celebrate the 75 years of the people thank those around you for what they have who have found meaning in that vision and done for the Abbe. 9 AIMS AND IDEALS OF FOUNDER This Museum is unique in that its sole Aim is to collect and preserve local material found on and about Mount Desert Island. Introducing the collection of Stone Age Implements, Lafayette National Park will stand for the epitome of the beauty and wonder of nature on the Eastern Continental coast; but the complete drama of its history will be lacking in interest after its geology and consummate beauty of living things have been studied; if we do not gather together and consecrate in a Museum these Stone Age implements of agriculture and war which have been the indestructible evidence of a vanished race. In working out this problem of exhibiting only one limited phase of the an- tiquity of the Stone Age, I have consistently set a goal-never to enlarge this col- lection into a general museum but fix indelibly a fact of incontrovertible history on the minds of the large and rapidly growing travelling public. My aim has been to create a permanent classic "one show" historic incident in the path of the "madding crowd" and to make it as perfect as possible. Large museums covering all archaeology repel the usual visitor by consuming too much time and bringing on fatigue, while one phase of archaeology with ample labels and guiding maps is a joy and leaves a lasting memory; and SO we must construct from a few specimens the history of the past. The smaller the number of verified and classic specimens, the more value it will be educationally. Beside this collection of stone and bone implements appropriate relief maps illustrate within narrow limits, the prehistoric civilization as spread over the occu- pied parts of the world and especially as found within the precincts of Lafayette National Park. ROBERT ABBE. * 5/11/15 Earth everyhy ( 2010 ) was reportary at the invoiced marine Abbe theseem, Bar Harbor, ME. 9/14/03 Romal Epp and Edith Murphy Rockland, ME. Grand daughter it Charles W. Eliat N AUSTON Sharm from Development officer, Abbe theseen and Ronald EPP. 9/14/03. Beginning of a Museum for the Lafayette National Park by Robert Abbe In the Autumn of 1920 there was shown a small tray of ten or twelve stone implements found in and about the Lafayette Park Section of Maine Coast. When I saw them I was filled with a desire to possess and study them - but only saw them from the street in Mr. Sherman' real estate office window. On returning to New York, the idea of utilizing them as nuc leus for a local museum t possessed me, and I wrote to Mr. F. C.Lynam to enquire who owned them and what they were valued at. (Letter 1.) They were owned by Mr. Horace Pettingill and Mr. C. Keucher - both intensely interested citizens, who had the same enthusiasm and interest. Mr. Pettingill needed the money and asked $50 for his few articles - for which I imme- diately sent a check to Mr. Lynam. Mr. Keucher said the two splendid granite pick axes and some good fragments had been given to him by the finders - and he would refuse any payment but contributed them gladly. They were packed carefully by Byron F. Robbins and sent to me in 50th Street, New York, where I found much inspiration from their possession and study - as they were an evident link between the little known Civilizations before Columbus's day - and our own active life of to-day. Owing to my other activities coupled with getting up a most arduous Pasteur Exhibit, I Was unable to immediately carry on any further study of the Indian Museum, but visited the Haye Collection in New York and saw one or two cases of stone implements from Maine. Following this a delightful visit, and de- livery of many cards filled with rare bone and deerhorn articles dug by him from shell-heaps, as a loan. Following this two wonderful letters (8,9) which were the greatest stimulus to my hopes. Meanwhile the Secretary of the Interior, Dr. Hubert Work, paid his first visit to Mt. Desert and examined officially Mr. Dorr's great enterprise, and endorsed the Cadillac and Jordan Pond road building. Mr. Dorr brought him to "Brook End" to see me for a few moments during which I showed him the handful of my 16 specimens (all I then had) and laid out my Museum Project. He was enthu- siastic over the idea and showed a telegram he had just received announcing a gift of $60,000 from the Laura Spellman Rockefeller Foundation for a similar museum for the Yellowstone Park. I gave him a copy of my large photograph copy of the relief map of Mt. Desert which hung on my wall, and this was furbished up and sent to him by Mr. Dorr's office. I at once received a beautiful acknowledge ment from him. Letter (10) During August 1924 Mr. Charles H. Wood and his brother Mr. Fletcher T. Wood brought their fine collection of stone bone and pottery to my house, and for three weeks my household and I were busy sorting, arranging, and stitching them on cardboards. I had an estimate of the cost of fine la- belling cards from Mr. Tabbut, and on mention- ing this to Mrs. W. G. Ladd she begged to be allowed to do something toward the cost, and sent me $100. This covered the cost of both labelling, and housing all the specimens in fine boxes made by Mr. R. H. Moon under my direction, which could serve, not only to preserve them safe in storage, but perhaps be available for further museum exhibition. My ill health and moving my home stopped this work. In June 1924 I carried this box of 16 stone articles back to Bar Harbor, resolved, if I had the strength, to do something more. Fortunately, I was able to eliminate all social functions and give what little strength I had to it. with the help of Miss Moon and Miss Thomp- son I got out the specimens and showed them to a few friends. Immediately Mr. Schieffelin and Miss Ogden offered me one arrowhead and one spearhead from Tranquillity Farm. Then Mr. Charles H. Wood to whom I had mentioned the subject the year before, when he had shown me one of his fine stone chisels kept in his office, wrote me a cordial and beauti- ful letter offering cooperation (see letter marked 2) and his brother's also. Incidentally I heard of some good stuff in the hands of E. P. Higgins of Indian Point, and wrote him July 21st, 1924, but up to Aug. 24 had no answer. At this time I had a visit from Dr. Truman Abbe of Washington, and interested him in the Ogden Spear Point. He happened to know the Secretary of the Indian Dept. of the Government, and got much valuable data (See Letters 4, 5, 6) I had never met Mr. Blaney but hoped to be able to interest him and get his help. Not waiting for an introduction, I wrote him or my hopes. On July 29th I received a warm-blooded and most excitingly welcome letter from him (7) 10 OF THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR WASHINGTON August 5, 1924. Dr. Robert Abbe, Bar Harbor, Maine. My dear Dr. Abbe: Through Superintendent Dorr I have today received copy of your exquisite relief map of Lafayette National Park. I shall give it proper position in the Bureau of Parks, where it may be seen, studied and admired. Hoping that your. health is as good, or improved, since my brief call at your place, I remain Very respectfully yours, Hulurt work Editor Bar Harbor TIMES: At a conference today with the Sec- retary of the Interior Hon. Hubert Work (visiting Bar Harbor) it was with pleasure that he expressed himself keenly interested in the idea of starting a Lafayette Park Museum, such as has already taken shape in the Yosemite and other Parks. He was shown the nucleus of a col- lection of stone implements of war and agriculture which has recently been got together, and regarded it as of importance, and gave it his unquali- fied endorsement. There exist in our country, scattered collections of Indian implements, one at the Smithsonian National Museum in Washington, one even larger and more complete (Haye collection in New York) WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 13, 1924 covering Indian history from Mexico to Alaska and small state and college collections. These objects have been removed from KEEN INTEREST IN their original setting and much valuable PLANS FOR MUSEUM study has been the result. It is now conceded that in our National Wonderful progress has been made Parks Indian history should be gathered toward the museum of Mount Desert and preserved for its local historic value. Island Indian relics and the room al- It is no longer justifiable to filch from ready devoted to the collection at the the soil of the parks, the tools and imple- home of Dr. Robert Abbe has already ments buried with the dead of the van- brought interest and pleasure to those ished races-and making a picturesque who have seen this nuclues of the new part of local history for future visitors museum. The list of those who have for all time. given over their collections to Dr. Abbe Every farmer and land owner in New for this great purpose will shortly be England has in his home something published and there will be a formal cherished by his family or ancestors, exhibit at the Library where all may see dug up in his fields, mysteriously sug- the various articles, study them, know gestive of some prehistoric Indian occu- their history and givers,> a date to be pant, but which being an isolated object announced. Dr. Abbe has met with the is never understood. heartiest cooperation from all who have From time to time some of our most been for years collecting these objects of interested citizens have made a more or great historical interest and there is a less large collection, but no attempt to really remarkable collection of arrow bring them together for community heads, of various utensils for the business interest has occurred on this interesting of living as the early Indians of three Island. centuries ago must have carried it on Already two of the best collections of and many rare objects which are a de- the Stone Age implements, held for light to the curio collector as well as to future study, have been kept carefully the scholar and the historian. by two of Bar Harbor's finest citizens, and have been tentatively offered to such a museum as will insure their permanent preservation and study. This opportunity has now come. A small nucleus of twenty excellent specimens has been acquired by gift of C. Keucher, W. H. Pettingill and family, Miss Ogden and Mr. W. J. Schieffielin. These represent arrow heads, spear heads, tomahawks, sharp edge flint cutting blades, stone pick-axes and fine edged stone hefting tools for splitting logs and other implements. In other collections I have already seen many even finer stone implements, one of hard stone sharpened as a steel gauge and in perfect condition enough to chisel out a dugout canoe. There must be many hundreds of such things on the island and territory and shores for a radius of a hundred miles, which can be added by twos and three from homes here about, as soon as it is known that every such contribution will be received, studied, classified and labelled with the name of the giver to remain permantly in the Lafayette Park Museum. All contributions of such objects, no matter how insignificant they may seem, will be received and studied by a com- mittee appointed by the Park Super- intendent, Mr. Dorr. Address either the Park office or Rob- ert Abbe, who will temporarily care for the objects. (Signed) ROBERT ABBE. July 14, 1924 OR DAILY COMMERCIAL. SATURDAY, AUGUST 23. arting Park Museum when these very shores and beautiful territory and wonderful island-dotted st exhibition of the nucleus mountain-shadowed water were peo- Lafayette National Park pled by numerous (tribes. Most of will be shown at the Jesup Many of the articles shown in the the thousands who dwelt along the I library, Monday, August exhibit are of collections which have Atlant's coast, living in tents. cave At Brook End, where Dr. taken 30 or 40 years to get together. or rude huts took their name from bbe only a few weeks ago, Through their generosity and patri- the great Algonquin tribes. With take the first steps toward otic spirit the wonderful collects of stone implements they fashioned this collection, there is a Charles H. Wood, lawyer and one their war canoes, with stone imple de assembling of Indian time member of the legislature and ments they made their garden, cat w all numbered, listed, and of Fletcher Wood of South Goulds- tivated their fields,? raised their boro, of Dwight Blaney of Boston, corn. With stone implements they are the trend toward the the lifelong resident and owner of fashioned the household necessities) 5 of Indian relics has grown Iron Bound Island, C. A. Keugher Axes and chisels with which they Mount Desert Island and constitute the largest part of the howed down trees, for the building es of neighboring coast tide articles thus far given, but there are of the'r war canoes, capable of car- 1as been a treasure house also contributions of Horace H. rying many dusky warriors to strife finding of interesting relics Pettingill of Bar Harbor, of Miss in the heart of the woods. Most 18. Singularly fitting it is Harriette V. C. Ogden, of William J. remarkable is the collection of nearly national park of the east Schieffelin; of Mrs. J. D. Cameron- forty stone chisels and gouges ave an Indian relic museum, Bradley, of Miss Edith Bowdoin, many with sharp edges still keen ne abounds in picturesque each giving one or several stone In- One may see in's the collection a and Jore of the Indians. dian implements. moccassin stone, showing that.their s, for instance, beautiful The relics numbering several hun foot wear was carefully fashioned Leap, the wooded height of dred show a wonderful range of in- from skins stretched over such bscot near Bangor, where a teresting articles. They are the stones. Everything one sees of Indian laiden and her lover leaped relics of the stone age, the bone and life is a challenge to the artisan of to death in the water below. deer hunting implements of prehis- today with such pains and cunning Town also, on lovely Indian toric primitive races. They corre- is everything done. Arrow heads 61 the Indian settlement, now spond with the similar weapons of flint, spear heads for harpooning heat houses instead of tents the so-called "stone age period" of large fish-and, everything with deer skins, the occupa- civilization, which antedated the is characterized by strength and basket making and its allied civilizations of Europe. One may beauty and care:1 design. of pilgrimages for sweet visualize, studying these cleverly For this nucleus of the Indian Mu, id the like, still obtain. This fashioned implements something of soum of Lafayette National Park ng settlement has its many what life meant to the Indian with- excellent start has been made It is The Passamaquoddy In- out metal instruments of any kind. probable that when tentative plans Eastport, also are still a A primitive race, highly endowed, are carried out, when a place can, be al part of the community something of their keenness and re- sourcefulness is seen in those vari- decided upon for the museum.1 id there, too, throughout the one may gather all sorts of ous articles for hunting, for the fireproof building, small but practic go of Indians and their life household, for all sorts of outdoor cal, can be erected, that Maine peo- long ago, when Maine must activity and labor. Implements ple will have taken interest and will en a great hunting ground, there are that were fashioned from give to the museum many a relle of 10 of thousands of a vanished rocks, from shells, from bones of value, that it may be safe and that it th untouched forests and only animals, from the teeth of animals, may be seen by all visitors to the fashioned in manner expressive of Park, displayed with care befitting lans to fish its waters, hunt e and traverse its waters by the very height of craftsmanship. its vale. Especially it desired to Studying that beginning museum preserve bit of broken pottery collection recently at beautiful Duck found in shell heaps which can be ighout many years the col- of Indian relics has inter- Brook which merges its waters with assiduously studied and pieced out, pople and here on Mount De- Frenchman's Bay, a spot which must like picture puzzle, to identify the and the interest has been indeed have been a favorite one for designs of type of potter's clay work :tive, but it was not general- the Ind'an, where the fresh water which in the absence of any. written rn until Dr. Abbe started the meets the sea, one projects on record is often the only clue to f preparing for a Lafayette walf back 500 to a thousand ye identify the historic type and habits useum that Bar Harbor peo- of people using it. re already possessed of sev- In the hands of Museum com- e collections. mittee these articles of value will be safe and any who are interested, who have one or more articles of such historic value is invited to send them to Dr. Abbe or to the Lafayette Na- tional Park Office in Bar Harbor. The Eyrie Seal Harbor, Maine August 29th, 1924 Dear Dr. Abbe:- Many thanks for your "note of August 27th. I had heard from other sources of the interesting collection of which you. write, and the boys and I will try to see it while it is at Jesup Library. I learned recently that you had not been III in good health and am so sorry. The world needs men like you with such splendid powers of head and Zina heart, and all your friends are hoping that you may soon be botter. With warm regards, I am Very sincerely, John a Dr. Robert Abbe Bar Harbor, Maine THE BAR HARBOR TIMES, WEDNESDAY. SEPTEMBER 3, 1924 Throughout many years the collection Studying that beginning museum col- DIAN RELICS OF of Indian relics has interested people lection recently at beautiful Duck and here on Mount Desert Island the Brook which merges its waters with interest has been most active, but it was Frenchman's Bay, a spot which must NTEREST TO MANY not generally known until Dr. Abbe indeed have been a favorite one for the started the work of preparing for a Indian, where the fresh water meets the Lafayette Park Museum that Bar Har- sea, one projects one's self back 500 to bor people were already possessed of a thousand years when these very shores ndreds of Visitors Enjoy Nucleus several fine collections. and beautiful territory and wonderful f Lafayette National Park Col- Many of the articles shown in the island-dotted mountain-shadowed water lection at Jesup Memorial exhibit are of collections which have were peopled by numerous tribes. Most Library taken 30 or 40 years to get together. of the thousands who dwelt along the Through their generosity and patriotic Atlantic coast, living in tents, cave or Continuing through this week, SO spirit the wonderful collections of the rude huts took their name from the at has been the interest shown in it, Hon. Charles H. Wood, and of Fletcher great Algonquin tribes. With stone im- collection of Indian relics, shown at Wood of South Gouldsboro, of Dwight plements they fashioned their war Jesup Memorial Library is attracting Blaney of Boston, the lifelong resident canoes, with stone implements they ch attention. The collection is the and owner of Iron Bound Island and of C. made their gardens, cultivated their leus of the Lafayette National Park A. Keucher constitute the largest part of fields, raised their corn. With stone iseum and has been started by Dr. the articles thus far given, but there are implements they fashioned the house- bert Abbe, long interested in this also contributions of Horace H. Pettin- hold necessities. Axes and chisels with ect of the Island's history. The col- gill of Bar Harbor, of Miss Harriett which they hewed down trees, for the tion is a remarkable one; but many a V. C. Ogden, of William J. Schieffelin, building of their war canoes, capable of tor, admiring this or that group of of Mrs. J. D. Cameron-Bradley, of Miss carrying many dusky warriors to strife lian relics-and they are well worthy Edith Bowdoin, each giving one or sev- in the heart of the woods. Most re- closest attention and study-has eral stone Indian implements. markable is the collection of nearly ch to say upon the manner in which The relics numbering several hun- forty stone chisels and gouges-many collection has been prepared for dred show a wonderful range of interest- with sharp edges still keen. One may ibition. The care and the skill with ing articles. They are the relics, of the see in the collection a moccassin stone, ich each article has been prepared, stone age, the bone and deer hunting showing that their foot wear was care- m the smallest arrow head to the implements of prehistoric primitive fully fashioned from skins stretched over gest battle axe shows the handiwork races. They correspond with the sim- such stones. Everything one sees of Dr. Abbe and is a feature in itself ilar weapons of the so-called "stone age Indian life is a challenge to the artisan of ich interests the people, summer and period" of civilization, which antedated today with such pains and cunning is manent resident alike, fully as much the civilizations of Europe. One may everything done. Arrow heads of flint, does the exhibit itself. visualize, studying these cleverly fash- spear heads for harpooning large fish Among the exhibits which have at- ioned implements something of what and game-and everything is character- cted the closest attention is a collec- life meant to the Indian without metal ized by strength and beauty and care in n, complete and perfect in itself, of instruments of any kind.. A primitive design. e bones of the Great Auk. It is of race, highly endowed, something of For this nucleus of the Indian Museum at value and is loaned by Dwight their keenness and resourcefulness is of Lafayette National Park an excellent aney. It has attracted the attention seen in those various articles for hunting, start has been made. .It is probable all visitors to the Library. Aside for the household, for all sorts of out- that when tentative plans are carried out, m the interest which the collection it- door activity and labor. Implements when a place can be decided upon for f has one can find added pleasure in there are that were fashioned from rocks, the museum, a fireproof building, small e work of Dr. Abbe, for the care and from shells, from bones of animals, from but practical, can be erected, that instaking and the knowledge enabling the teeth of animals, fashioned in man- Maine people will have taken interest n to make the various articles ready ner expressive of the. very height of and will give to the museum many a the exhibit is a wonder in itself. craftsmanship. relic of value, that it may be safe and For years the trend toward the that it may be seen by all visitors to the thering of Indian relics has grown Park, displayed with care befitting its eadily. Mount Desert Island and value. Especially is it desired to pre- el shores of neighboring coast tide serve every bit of broken Pottery found ters has been a treasure house for the News of the work done during the in shell heaps which can be assiduously ding of interesting relics of Indians. winter will be given Times readers from studied and pieced out, like picture ingularly fitting it is that the national time to time. The Lafayette National puzzle, to identify the designs of type rk of the east should have an Indian of potter's clay work which in the ab- Park museum is a thing assured and the lic museum, for Maine abounds in sence of any written record is often the cturesque legend and lore of the In- building to house such a collection suit- ans. There is, for instance, beautiful ably is a subject which has already been only clue to identify the historic type overs' Leap, the wooded height of discussed. and habits of people using it. e Penobscot near Bangor, where a In the hands of a Museum committee sky maiden and her lover leaped these articles of value will be safe and gether to death in the water below. any who are interested, who have one t Old Town also, on lovely Indian or more articles of such historic value is land is the Indian settlement, now invited to send them to Dr. Abbe or to e of neat houses instead of tents the Lafayette National Park Office in vered with deer skins, the occupation Bar Harbor. basket making and its allied activities pilgrimages for sweet grass and the ke, still obtain. This interesting settle- ent has its many visitors. The Passa- laquoddy Indians at Eastport, also are ill a very real part of the community ere and there, too, throughout the icinity one may gather all sorts of nowledge of Indians and their life in ays long ago, when Maine must have een a great hunting ground, the home £ thousands of a vanished race, with ntouched forests and only the Indians ) fish its waters, hunt its game and raverse its waters by canoe. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK BAR HARBOR, MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT November 14, 1924. Dear Mr. Mather: I have been working out plans for the per- manent development of the Park -- not yet completed -- which I hope to bring with me to Washington this winter for your approval. One thing I desire to do which should be left to me. I wish to name the woods through which the new motor road will pass on its way from Eagle Lake to Jordan Pond: The Mather Woods, commemorating your name in connection with our enterprise and the national park development of the last eight years which has given new meaning to its units. These woods are beautiful, springing from good soil, well-watered, and everyone who visits the Park or Island will pass through them, by road and trail. They will be a feature on a road of remarkable beauty, lying between two open portions with wide-extended views. The forest is one of the oldest, of extent, existing on the coast, where lumbering was early practiced; but it is not primeval. It is composed of over-shadowing hard-wood trees -- beech, sugar maple, canoe and yellow birch, oak and ash. Among them, one still finds the stumps of early lumbered, primeval pines, TANOI IV DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK BAR HARBOR, MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT 2. giants of the eastern forest that time must in the end restore, while every year will add to the interest and beauty of the woods. Years ago I established a similar feature with a personal touch in the Eliot woods, associated alike with President Eliot and with his son, the landscape architect, who devised the Massachusetts Trustees of Public Reservations Corporation on which ours was molded. These occupy the valley and gorge the County road passes through in going from Bar Harbor to Seal and Northeast Harbors, land similarly well-watered and deep-soiled, a site for great trees hereafter. The new motor road, completed now to Bubble Pond except for some roadside work and planting left till spring, new is advancing rapidly from either end, in the section from Load Bubble Pond to the foot of Jordan Pond. Over a mile of this is already built and there is no disfigurement, nor has it been necessary to cut important trees to find a way. The whole indeed is working out beyond my expectation and you will be well content with it, I know, when next you come. TANOIS 3HL DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK BAR HARBOR, MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT 3. I have recently completed in the interest of the Park the purchase of a beautiful tract upon the shore, near Schooner Head, our first of such character in the Bar Harbor section. It belonged formerly to Mrs. Charles D. Homans of Horros's Boston, the donor of our first reservation -- the Bowl and Report Beehive lot on Champlain Mountain -- and gives us unbroken access to that lot from the public highway, which we have lacked till now, and the land opposite from the highway to the shore, where Mrs. Homans' summer home was at a point of magnificent view -- seaward, bayward, and mountainward. This lot must enter importantly into future plans for the development of the Park, there being no more beautiful site than it upon the shore nor any land upon it connecting better with the existing parklands. With the purchase of this Mr. Rockefeller has had no connection; I secured it independently. My old friend, Dr. Robert Abbe, of New York, has Robert become deeply interested during the past summer in the abbe. establishment of an Indian museum in connection with the Park and has gathered together a unique collection of Indian implements and other relics found along this shore, which STATE DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK BAR HARBOR, MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT 4. he hopes to establish as the nucleus of a permenent exhibition in the Park next season; but it lacks as yet a building. With regards as ever, Sincerely yours, Prenous B. Work Mr. Stephen T. Mather, Director, National Park Service, Department of the Interior, Washington, D. C. GBD-0 3H1 THE DAR VOLUME X $2.00 YEAR 11/19/24 THE BAR HARBOR WORK ON MUSEUM LYNAM PRESIDENT ROLL CALL GETS IS PROGRESSING BOARD OF TRADE GOOD START HERE Dr. Robert Abbe Visits Dr. J. B. Ells Accepts First Karly Returns Indicate Usual Hearty Peabody Museum Vice-Presidency Response to Annual Appeal of American Red Cross MANYMAINE RELICS FOUND 1925 DIRECTORS ORGANIZE Volunteer workers in the Keel Cream Roll Call are meeting with M most an- Lafayette National Park Soon to Wadleigh and Carter Continue we couraging response from the people of Have Important Collection of Secretary and Treasurer: Stal- Rar Harbor and vicinity Member -ford Second Vice-President Indian Relics ships are renewisi at a rapid rate and the solicitors report that the great Dr. John B Ells, T. L. Roberts. Work for the museum for Lafayette majority of people are very happy Ao Fred C Lynam, L. A. Austin. Thomas National Park continues. At his home continue their support of the local and Searls. A. L. Getchell, David (). Rodick. national work. No figures are yet in New York, Dr. Robert Abbe is still. John H. Stalford, and F. K. Whitaker available an the canvamers have until writing, working and studying, in order were elected directors of the Bar Harbor that before another summer the museum Thanksgiving in which to complete their Board of Trade for the year 1926 at the of Indian relies may be well started, work. Some of the territory has not yet annual meeting. Monday evening These been canvased and A number of citizens, as the nucleus for it has been this past gentlemen received the largent number fearing that they had been overlooked. season. of votes, the vote being taken by each have been asking Minn Knowlton, the Dr. Abbe's work is of interest to member checking from the printed bal- Mount Desert Island people and he is Red Cross nurse. where they might leave lots with the complete membership roll, their subscriptions. It is Intended that receiving the most enthusiastic coopera- his choice of the nine he preferred an tion and support. Dr. Abbe went to every home and place of business in town directors. shall be visitor by the soliation butter Boston in October to see the Stone Age At the meeting of the new board who wish to do so their must Indian articles in the cases of the Peabody on Tuesday afternoon chie 1. Getchell Museum in Cambridge, and to interview scriptions with Guy Torrey, treasurer. urged that his resignation be accepted at the office of Freel c. Lynam and Co. Mr. Charles C. Willoughby, curator and and the vacancy was filled by the choice Hancock Street and the Bar Marbor director. Dr. Abbe writes that he re- of G. L. Foster who received th next ceived a warm welcome from Mr. Hospital have sent In 880 representing largest number of votes at the annual Willoughby and says that he gave Dr. 100% membership for that district meeting. Other district are sending in Abbe his full time for two mornings The directors organized with Freel C. explaining the importance, the beauty encouraging reports More than $126 Lynam an president; Dr. John B. Ella, and the nature of the findings from in already in from the first low days of first vice-president: John. 11. Stalford. work graves and excavations in the region of 2d vice-president: W. P. Wadleigh, Coastal Maine tide waters about the secretary: and Harold F. Carter, treasur- Lafayette National Park. er. Dr. Ells received the largest num- and chairman of the Bar Harbor Mchool The movement for a local museum for ber of votes in the election and accord Board He formerly served an director every national park in the country will ing to precedent of several years' standing of the Board of Trace and has been not -leave Lafayette behind, for Dr. was the unanimous choice of the other chairman of reveral of its most important Abbe says he is more convinced than directors for president. Dr Ells de- committeen ever that the long hoped for and now clined the honor and nominated Mr. 1. A. Austin in another of Bar Harbor's really started Park museum will be of Lynam, who was unanimously elected well-known and successful business men great interest to every visitor and to the as the head of the organization for the Mr. Auntin In manager of the Bar Harbor entre colony of the Island. coming /year and Union Rivor Power Company He Of another great reason for the sure The new board of directors is generally is also vice-prenident of the Bar Harbor success of the Lafayette museum, Dr. looked upon as one of the strongest that Banking and Trust Company and preal Abbe writes as follows: has ever served the organization. With dent of the Bar Harbor Building and "The pre-Columbian race was differ- out exception these directors are men Lown Association. He has been actively ent from the Indians found on this who have achieved real success in their connected with a number of other local Atlantic coast by the white man's in- business and professional work and who organizations vasion. These had driven the former have taken an active interest in public Thomas Searls is cashier of the First out of their country. And nothing is matters. National Bank and is generally recog really known of the former except what Mr. Lynam is the senior member of nized as one of the town's ablest business stone implements are occasionally ex- Fred C. Lynam and Company, insurance men Mr. Searls is Interested in various humed in spots where graves were laid, agents. He is treasurer of the Bar other business enterprises and has ml- but where all trace of body or coverings Harbor Banking and Trust Company ways given generously of his time and have long- since gone to dust. That and is an officer or director in numerous ability to leading charitable and relig very fact is the conclusive proof of the business enterprises and charitable and lous organizations in town antiquity of the stone age races of North philathropic organizations in town. John H. Stalford is proprietor of the America, corresponding in date with the Mr. Lynam has previously served an Malvern Greenhouses and one of the wonderfully advanced civilization of a director of the Board of Trade and has town's successful business men who has Mediterranean and eastern civiliza- done valuable work for the organization always been most Kenerous in giving his tion, still ignorant of the existence of Dr. Ells is a successful dentist, a grad- time and recognized ability to public our continents. uate of the University of Pennsylvania work. Mr. Stalford has previously serv- "Practically all that is known of the a veteran of the World War, at present ed on the Board of Directors and has (Continued on Page 4) a captain in the Dental Reserve Corps, done excellent work for this organization as for many in town Mr. Stalford has made a lifelong study of the problems of rd-buildine and road maintenance THE BAR HARBOR TIMES, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 19. FRANKLIN Y. NOTES WORK ON MUSEUM REAL ESTATE TRANSFERS IS PROGRESSING surprise party which was unique The World Fellowship Vespers Sunday Recorded in Hancock County For purpose was given by the Ladies' afternoon were very impressive and all (Continued from page Week Ending November 15 of the Methodist Church Thursday who attended felt the inspiration that antiquities left by these extinct races is noon at the home of Mr. and Mrs. comes from uniting with the women of the result of gathering of occasional Ervin A. Thurston to Grace E. Gott N. Swan who were married in the world in worship. Seven Girl specimens of stone implements during Stonington; warranty deed, recorded same house fifty-five years ago. Reserves carried flags of different na- the present generation. Our Park is Nov. 10, 1924. are active and interested in all the tions is a processional at the opening wonderfully fortunate that three such Izora Lunt (heirs of) to Cassie H of the town and entered into the of the service. Mrs. C. W. Turner was splendid collections have been brought Hart, Long Island Plantation; warranty ure of the afternoon with all the pianist and led the girls in the singing to light as have been contributed by deed, recorded Nov. 10, 1924. of any of the younger ones. Mrs. of appropriate hymns. Mrs. Charles the life-long zeal of Mr. Charles H. Wood, Bert M. Gott to Charles A. Gott was Luella Higgins of Mt. Desert Kinney led the service which had been Mr. Fletcher Wood and Mr. Dwight Tremont; release deed, recorded Nov before her marriage. They have sent from headquarters for use in the Blaney, intelligent and scientific minded 12, 1924. children, eleven grand-children, Week of Prayer. Mrs. Charles Kencher gentlemen, who have entered into the Charles A. Gott to Frank W. Gott six great grand-children. gave extracts from an article by Brune spirit of the idea of a local museum and Tremont; release deed, recorded Nov many friends of Mrs. Mary Lasker on ways people may cultivate contributed fine specimens in great 12, 1924. of Washington, D. C. were a feeling of friendship and understanding quantity, which would take years to Frank W. Gott to Charles A. Gott ened to hear of her death Saturday for these living in other parts of the gather. Tremont; release deed, recorded Nov ing. Her daughter, Mrs. John W. world Miss Anna Genung gave a re- That the finest material in that re- 12, 1924. dell who left here Friday night sume of the work being done by the markable museum in Cambridge came Walter H. Gardner (et als) to Sim. H to reach her though she left at American Associations in developing Y. from our very doors is, says Dr. Abbe the Mayo, Tremont; warranty deed, re on receiving a telegram that her W. C. A. work in other countries- outstanding fact of his hours of observa- corded Nov. 12, 1924. her was in a serious condition re- especially in South America, China, tion there. "We would not have it Virginia T. Hyde (et al) to F. Eugen ng from a burn. Mrs. Brown was India, Japan and the Near East- back," he writes, "because it has served Dixon, Winter Harbor; warranty deed and favorably known by a wide everywhere doing pioneer work in health a great purpose already by being so recorded Nov. 12, 1924. of friends here where she has spent education, vocational training, and gen- intensely studied and carefully pre- Michael Quinn to John Johnson y summers with her daughter, eral educational lines in addition to the served. Mr. Willoughby is a Maine Dedham; warranty deed, recorded/No ng here only ten days before election spiritual ideals they seek to instil into man, familiar with every foot of our soil 12, 1924. she might register in Philadelphia individual lives. N collection for sup- and with his predecessor, Mr. Putnam, John Johnson to Ida Johnson, Ded cast her vote for Coolidge before port of this foreign work was taken. has given forty years of his life to this ham; quit-claim deed, recorded Nov. 12 2 to her home in Washington. Any association member who could not subject. Much of his beautiful unin- 1924. Brown for many years held an be present and wishes to contribute jured material has been obtained, by Edgar C. Taylor to Arthur H. Eator rtant position in the Treasury toward this work may do so at the Y. his extremely careful and scientific Deer Isle; warranty deed, recorded Nov artment and was retired two years W. C. A. office/ methods of excavation. This has been 12, 1924. nt the age of 70 years. Mrs. The Business Women's Club meets as done by methods he has himself devised Eldorus H. Bridges to Stephen I vn leaves besides her daughter one usual Thursday evening. Every mem- and religiously carried out and must Cousins, Brooklin; warranty deed, Dr. William C. Browne of Burnside, ber is urged/ to come out for this meeting be used in all future excavations and corded Nov. 12, 1924. who was with his mother at the end. and pay her dues. All girls wishing to hunting, so as to obtain not only perfect, Lillian F. Couture (et als) to Ralp tizens are responding to the Red join the club are invited for this meeting uninjured specimens of pottery but op- E. Sawyer, Bucksport, warranty dee Drive which is now in operation. so that it may be a real club rally. portunity to study the relation of the recorded Nov. 12, 1924. sual interest.is added owing to the The program is being arranged by the objects found to the grave remnants Wm. C. Clifford to Harriet R. Evan that one half the funds is retained Membership Committee under the chair- and often over-looked red paint which is Brooksville; quit-claim deed, recorde ie town to be used locally. manship of Miss Myra Fowle. found with many of the finest specimens. Nov. 13, 1924. lectman Grafton Bunker has been The Business Women's Club decided The rich, red, indestructible iron salt, Cora G. Holt to Emery H. Smith ugusta several days at a meeting of at their last meeting. to take charge of which is found only Conception Bay Lamoine; warranty deed, recorded No State Assessors. the Christmas Seal Sale for Bar Harbor (Labrador) or in the upstate iron mine 13, 1924, aac Perlinsky of Ellsworth, Miss year. The Service Commite met and was highly prized by this stone age Arthur M. Herrick to Enoch S. Grin ris Harriman and mother of this Monday evening with the chairman, race for painting their canoes, homes, dle, Blue Hill warranty deed, recordo 1 have been enjoying an automobile Miss Jane Miller, and made plans for bodies, etc. and in war, at least, often Nov. 13, 1924. in Canada. the sale which is to start after Thanks- buried with the body and tools, Frank Gott to John Tucker Mu loyd Fernald is clerking at L. C. giving. This sale is so vital to the "Nothing finer can be seen than a ray, quit-claim deed, recorded Nov. 1 gdon's store while Theo Bragdon is Hancock County Public Health Associa- group of fine, long-pointed red slate 1924. hunting trip. tion that every effort should be made to spear heads, unimpaired, on edges or J. L. Stanley & Sons Co. to Thom hh Blaisdell, Jr. had the misfortune make it a greater success than ever. points, taken from graves on the bank Mifflin, Jr., Southwest Harbor; warrant reak some of the small bones in his asks the co-operation of all the of the Union River a mile below Ells- deed, recorded Nov. 13, 1924. a Thursday. ira, /Ina Carbett accompanied her people in BarHarbor in "going over the worth. Others of equal beauty and care- Josephine W. Hess to John Hilbe top." fully taken from gravel beds at Mount Oberle Southwest Harbor; warranty dec or Mrs. Paul Guptil of Cherryfield The seventh and eighth grade clubs Desert Ferry, when excavating to lay deed, recorded Nov. 14, 1924. Vahant, Mark. last week. railroad tracks, the very ground over Time Vivian Hamlin who the head of Girl Reserves are to join Saturday John Hilbert Oberle to William Mi which we all ride every trip we take, the Commercial Dept. it Dover- evening in a Harvest Party for their ton Hess (et al), Southwest Harbor; qui are a demonstration that all around our mothers and teachers. The clubs will claim deed, recorded Nov. 14, 1924. roft Academy with her riend Mr meet as usual on Wednesday and Friday very homes on Mount Desert Island are Harriet R. Morrison to Everett rg expent the week end ut the home still buried thousands of axes of stone, Mr. and Mrs. Norman Dyer. to make final plans for the party. Davis, Otis; release deed, recorded No party of fourteen gave Mrs. Theo The High School Club is planning a spearheads, arrow heads, chisels and 14, 1924. gdon " very pleasant surprise last "Kid" party Friday evening, Nov. 21st. gouges and wedges and tomahawks of Charles A. Smith to Grace M, Roya much beauty and marvellous evidence of nday evening. Refreshments were The girls are sending invitations to boys Trenton; quit-claim deed, recorded Nov and all are expected to appear in costume. the patience, ingenuity, intelligence of 14, 1924, red and games enjoyed. At the High School Club meeting these people whose very homes, boats, Elwin C. Lord to Susan J. Row Str. and Mrs. Henry Donnell are bows and arrows, woodwork of the finest nding two weeks at the home of her Thursday at 4:15 there is to be a dis- Surry; warranty deed, recorded Nov. cussion on the Ring Standards of the artisanship undoubtedly have long since 1924. ighter Mrs. Earl Walls at Lincoln. N. Donnell's mother, Mrs. Robertson Girl Reserves. gone to dust." George W. Johnson to Charles I News of the work done during the spending the two weeks with Mrs. The girls of the Saturday Afternoon Soper (et al), Otis: warranty deed, re club are urged to be present this week winter will be given TIMES readers from corded Nov. 15, 1924. in U. Hardison at East Franklin. time to time. The Lafayette National Saturday at two o'clock. At this time Robert E. Campbell (et als) to Ethe Mr. and Mrs. Benj. Graves, Mrs. y Graves and two sons of Northeast there is to be .formal recognition of Park museum is a thing assured and the V. Alley, Seal Harbor; warranty deed members and installation of officers. building to house such a collection suit- recorded Nov. 15, 1924. rbor spent Sunday with Mr. and Mrs. ably is a subject which has already been Ethel V. Alley to Adam E. Lorge gene Springer. discussed Soal Harbor: quit-claim deed, record THE BARBHARBOR TIMES W NATIONAL PARK SERVICE MRS. ORLA TIMES INTERESTED IN MUSEUMS Mrs. Orlando Ash Great interest is being taken just now Harbor Hospital at LAN PUBLISHING CO. Inc. in general museum work for the National afternoon. - The -new Park Service. The Yosemite museum sorrow to the entire C A. Sharman, Vice service is just now a subject of much Mrs. Ash was bei Editor and Manager discussion. The work is done in co- Miss Rachel Welch P. O. Box 564 operation with the American Association September 1, 1854, on of Museums. This is of local interest, daughter of the late La Halas Farmished on Application too, since the nucleus of Lafayette Moore Welch, and she is Bar Harber, Maine, unde National Park's Indian Relic Museum, one of the pioneer fam started last summer by Dr. Robert She married, 47 year Abbe, a movement in which Supt. ber, Orlando Ash of Ba George B. Dorr of Lafayette Park is in have resided here for at we have enjoyed this full sympathy, is still going on during Ash is survived by h is that Christmas is SO the winter. daughter, Mrs. Archie Dr. Abbe's collection of Indian relics son, John Ash, all of Ba ays, together with the is in care of the Park and some photo- ter, Mrs. C. L. Gott; b graphic work is being done on it, work les Welch of Boston. most of us to a rather which will result in useful preparation died many years ago ins and of the few days for the museum in days to come. years. She leaves th 925." In a letter from Director Stephen T. Lawrence, Clarice an Mather of the National Park service to Mrs. Ash also leav stras season; letting it Supt. Lewis of Yosemite, he reviews the A. Gott of Bar Harb ne of the real Christmas Park Service Museum situation inter- Myra Joyce of Bar estingly and a copy has been received Mrs. Hattie Murphy and prove to ourselves here by Supt. Dorr. grand-nieces, Mrs. in to receive. Christ- The Lafayette Park museum of Indian Thurston of Rumford Relics while it will be kept simple and McLean of Bar Harbo expression of the finest not of great extent will nevertheless nephew, Harris McL lo what he will with the represent study, interested work, co- great grand-niece, Jo operation of collectors, and a final Mrs. Ash was a me whole which will be a source of pride not men's Relief "Corps, G ration for much of the only to the Park here and to the Service Republic, of whom t but to the state and the country over. members left; of H enturies since the first Order of Eastern Star e can add anything to McKINLEY Legion Auxiliary; of Auxiliary; of the Cong of many generations. W. Durant of the Underwood Co., Circle; and a charter Boston, was a business visitor here W. C. T. U. that has been told and Tuesday of last week. Mrs. Ash was one of THE BAR HARBOR TIMES, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 17, 19 ER 19, 1924 WORK ON MUSEUM (Continued from page 1) antiquities left by these extinct races the result of gathering of occasion K SERVICE STED IN MUSEUMS IS PROGRESSING specimens of stone implements duri the present generation. Our Park being taken just now wonderfully fortunate that three su work for the National e Yosemité museum Dr. Robert Abbe Visits splendid collections have been broug N a subject of much Peabody Museum to light as have been contributed work is done in co- the life-long zeal of Mr. Charles H. Woo American Association MANYMAINE RELICS FOUND Mr. Fletcher Wood and Mr. Dwig s is of local interest, Blaney, intelligent and scientific mind ucleus of Lafayette ndian. Relic Museum, gentlemen, who have entered into t mer by Dr. Robert Lafayette National Park Soon to spirit of the idea of a local museum a nt in which Supt. Have Important Collection of contributed fine specimens in gre Lafayette Park is in Indian Relics quantity, which would take years still going on during gather. ction of Indian relics Work for the museum for Lafayette That the finest material in that I ark and some photo- National Park continues. At his home markable museum in Cambridge car ing done on it, work in useful preparation in New York, Dr. Robert Abbe is still from our very doors is, says Dr. Abbe t days to come. writing, working and studying, in order outstanding fact of his hours of observ Director Stephen T. that before another summer the museum tion there. "We would not have ional Park service to of Indian relies may be well started, back," he writes, "because it has serv semite, he reviews the eum situation inter- as the nucleus for it has been this past a great purpose already by being y has been received season. intensely studied and carefully pr Dr. Abbe's work is of interest to served. Mr. Willoughby is a Mai rk museum of Indian Mount Desert Island people and he is man, familiar with every foot of our S l be kept simple and nt will nevertheless receiving the most enthusiastic coopera- and with his predecessor, Mr. Putna interested work, co- tion and support. Dr. Abbe went to has given forty years of his life to t ectors, and a final Boston in October to see the Stone Age subject. Much of his beautiful uni a source of pride not Indian articles in the cases of the Peabody jured material has been obtained, 1 re and to the Service 1 the country over. Museum in Cambridge, and to interview his extremely careful and scienti Mr. Charles C. Willoughby, curator and methods of excavation. This has be ious page director. Dr. Abbe writes that he re- done by methods he has himself devis ceived a warm welcome from Mr. and religiously carried out and my Willoughby and says that he gave Dr. be used in all future excavations a Abbe his full time for two mornings hunting, SO as to obtain not only perfe explaining the importance, the beauty uninjured specimens of pottery but o and the nature of the findings from portunity to study the relation of t graves and excavations in the region of objects found to the grave remnar Coastal Maine tide waters about the and often over-looked red paint which Lafayette National Park. found with many of the finest specimen The movement for a local museum for The rich, red, indestructible iron sa every national park in the country will which is found only in Conception B not leave Lafayette behind, for Dr. (Labrador) or in the upstate iron mi Abbe says he is more convinced than and was highly prized by this stone a ever that the long hoped for and now race for painting their canoes, home really started Park museum will be of bodies, etc, and in war, at least, oft great interest to every visitor and to the buried with the body and tools. ent're colony of the Island. "Nothing finer can be seen than Of another great reason for the sure group of fine, long-pointed red sla success of the Lafayette museum, Dr. spear heads, unimpaired, on 'edges Abbe writes as follows: points, taken from graves on the ba of the Union River a mile below El "The pre-Columbian race was differ- worth. Others of equal beauty and car ent from the Indians found on this fully taken from gravel beds at Mou Atlantic coast by the white man's in- Desert Ferry, when excavating to la vasion. These had driven the former railroad tracks, the very ground ov out of their country. And nothing is which we all ride every trip we tak really known of the former except what are a démonstration that all around o stone implements are occasionally ex- humed in spots where graves were laid, very homes on Mount Desert Island a still buried thousands of axes of ston but where all trace of body or coverings have long since gone to dust. That spearheads, arrow heads, chisels ar very fact is the conclusive proof of the gouges and wedges and tomahawks much beauty and marvellous evidence antiquity of the stone age races of North America, corresponding in date with the the patience, ingenuity, intelligence wonderfully advanced civilization of these people whose very homes, boat bows and arrows, woodwork of the fine Mediterranean and eastern civiliza- tion, still ignorant of the existence of artisanship undoubtedly have long sin gone to dus our continents. "Practically all that is known of the (Continued Page 4) THE BAR HARBOR TIMES, WEDNESDAY, AGUSUT 5, 1925 SEACOAST MISSION GOV BREWSTER TO OWN ANNUAL MEETING BE HERE THIS WEEK LOCAL READERS Held at Kenarden Lodge Last Wed- Will be Mr. Dorr's Guest at Oldfarm nesday Reports of Workers Heard -Several Functions in Honor of O with Interest by Large Number State Chief Executive ge T. Deavitt, publicity manager Brooklyn Record, Brooklyn, Y., Governor Ralph O. Brewster and Mrs. At the annual meeting of the Maine ding a week at the home of Rev. Brewster will arrive in Bar Harbor by Sea Coast Missionary Society held at 8. John Simmons of the Methodist motor on Thursday afternoon and will go Kenarden Lodge last Wednesday, there at once to Oldfarm where they are to be SATURD was the usual large attendance. Each Robert Helmshaw, who has re- house guests during their stay here of year this annual meeting is one of the been the guest of Mr. and Mrs. Mr. George B. Dorr. Col. Farnum and outstanding features of interest. Mrs. Scarls has returned to her sum- Col. Marsh, the Governor's aides, Mrs. John S. Kennedy opens her beautiful ome at South Bristol, Maine. Farnum and Mrs. Marsh and Philip home to members and guests and all d Mrs. Edward Searis and son, R. Shorey in charge of publicity, will BEST EQUIPI friends interested in the work of this also spent the week end in Bar arrive by train and will join the Governor Maine society which has a membership at Oldfarm. and Northeast Harbor. list including the best known people of On Friday noon Mr. Dorr is giving an STATION II nd Mrs. Natt Young of Milton, the country. informal luncheon for the Governor at and Mr. and Mrs. Leon Smith of Dr. Henry Van Dyke presided and Oldfarm. Mrs. Henry F. Dimock is d, who have been at Salisbury those who have heard his splendid giving a dinner for twenty in honor of F the past few weeks have return- tribute to the Maine Seacoast Mission Governor and Mrs. Brewster. Mr. Dorr their homes. Mr. and Mrs. and who look forward each year to hear- will entertain a large party at a picnic Palmer and sons are remaining ing him were in no way disappointed this for the Governor and his party at the days longer. year. island in Somes Sound recently given Afrer the opening prayer by Dr. Mona Mayo was the guest of the Park on Saturday noon. BAR HARBO William Schell of the Presbyterian t a small tea party given at In honor of the Governor and Mrs. Foreign Board of Missions, and scripture Inn Monday, by Miss Anna B. reading by Dr. Simmons of Clark Memo- Brewster there will on Friday afternoon and Miss Lillian Lawson. Other rial Methodist Church, a series of most from four to six be a reception and tea COT cre Mrs. Frank T. Stinson, Mrs. interesting reports were given by the at Oldfarm for which Mr. Dorr has isler, and the Misses Georgia issued about 500 cards. workers of the Mission Staff. Mrs. nd, Ruth Simpson, Eleanor Alice M. Peasley whose work centers at Governor Brewster will speak on Florence Fogel, Elizabeth Gott, South Gouldsboro described the splen- Saturday forenoon at Echo Lake, Lafay- c Stinson and Helen Cigler. did work of her week-day Religious ette National Park, before a meeting of Johnson of New York, a former school which is held in connection with the Appalachian Monutain Club when of the United States Senate the day school sessions similarly to the all the people, summer and permanent we on investigation of famine Bar Harbor plan. As the result of this resident alike, of Southwest Harbor are is in Russia, is spending some work, there were several decisions to invited to be present. n Mount Desert Island with unite with the church and lead Christian Socony C xor as headquarters. Mr. John- INDIAN POINT lives. one time was chairman of the Mrs. Peasley has accomplished won- st Relief and was head of the ders in teaching the women of the com- A crew of painters have made recent. commission. He is an agri- munity the art of making most beautiful improvements on Uncle Tom's Cabin. PRICE 28 expert and has travelled widely rugs which are in considerable demand Mrs. C. D. Strout of Arlington, Mass. hat and other lines of work. He by our summer visitors. As the result has been visiting her sister, Ethel throughout his travels over the of her untiring pastoral work, a church Fickett who is boarding at Belle Her- has found no such wonderful organization has been formed in the lihy's. nd climatic conditions as those community known as the Union Evan- Mrs. Victor Gooch entertained a Desert Island. gelical Church, which is undenominatio- party of ladies at the Wigwam, her new nal and unites the people by a simple bungalow, recently. Everythin Y. W. C. A. NOTES covenant in Christian brotherhood and Mrs. C. E. Norris spent Sunday here. M. and Mrs. Deland of Massachu- a community religious life. will be no swimming period for The Sigma Kappa Sorority maintains setts were week end guests of Mr. and VISIBLE PUM nd girls at the Y. M. C. A. a worker under the mission who for Mrs. T. Carrol Higgins. week Next week the schedule Mrs. C. H. Stover attended the Sea three years has worked at Head Harbor numed as usual with two plunge Island. Miss Lucy King in reporting Coast Mission meeting at Bar Harbor LADI last week. 'unday and Friday evenings her work showed how substantial re- 8.30, as the Swimming Class sults had been accomplished by teaching in the public school, by maintaining Sure to Succeed C. A. will appreciate gifts regular church services, also teaching Original men are not content to in make for in library at any time, gardening to the children and many granded by tradition they think injoyment of its members and other useful occupations. for themselves. and the result is Miss Adams and Miss Peasley re- that they succeed where others fall. wishing employment is asked ported interesting experiences during Now, a certain photographer never at the Y. W. C. A. as calls are a brief period of work on Outer Long says to a woman customer, "Look received for which there are Island. pleasant, madam, If you please." He x applicants. The Y. W. C. A. knows a formula infinitely better than Miss Myrtice Cheney of Portland For this day only that. an employment exchange so is who gives her vacations in educational In the most natural manner in the names of those wishing work along the coast, reported much world he remarks "It Is unnecessary in any kind of work. progress in her work of finding and to ask you to look pleasant; I am sure gas or ma for the Finance Campaign assisting worthy young people who you could not look otherwise. convassing this week and wished to obtain an éducation beyond Then click goes the camera and the Thursday evening on the result is never in Roubt.-Philddelphia MORE PE what DAN C2 Abbe BAR HARBOR, MAINE, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 12, 1925 FIVI WAS A ONLY 25 VOTERS GOV. BREWSTER HAS B. H. CONTINUES TO HORSE NT EVENT AT TOWN MEETING THREE BUSY DAYS LEAD THE LEAGUE and Most Success- Recent Assessors Elected for Short State's Chief Executive and Members P. C. F. Wins Tuesday and is Giving Many Years in term-Firement Get Back Pay- of Party Attend Many Functions Fight for First Place arbor No Action on Parking in Bar Harbor Show Cla the Swimming Club A special town meeting on Tuesday The Bar Harbor baseball team con- Prog attended by more was attended by less than 25 voters. For the purpose of examining the tinues to lead the Maine League but id was by far the Fred L. Hadley, Osmond Emery and wonderful relief map of the Island now both P. C.F. and Bangor are winning more iant gathering that John Suminsby the assessors' of taxes being completed by Dr. Robert Abbe, and more games and there is no certainty vn in more than a who were legislated out of office with the Governor Brewster finished his visit in as to which team will head the league at concluding featurd repeal of the Special Act of 1905 were Bar Harbor by calling at Brookend, the the close of the season. Good baseball is Last week it e success of which elected to serve until the annual meeting summer home for 40 years of the famous the rule rather than the exception in this is yachting A: marred by incle- in March, 1926. New York surgeon, on Sunday forenoon, Maine League and the fans are enjoying of attraction vi Ball brought to a The Town voted to instruct the select- accompanied by his staff and by Supt. the best season ever. The present where on Thurs ertaining in honor men to pay the permanent firemen the Dorr of Lafayette National Park whose standing of the teams: gymkhana und of the British and Won balance due them for wages according house guest he had been since Thursday Lost Pc. Morrell Park almost unprece- Bar Harbor 17 to vote of the Town at a special town 8 680 nearly everyone at this resort. meeting held on June 16, 1919. This P. C. F. 15 12 .556 from the surro: ms, verandas and Bangor 12 means that the permanent firemen will 15 444 already a great ing Club present a receive back pay for one day in each Easterns 9 18 333 reserved seats :e than that of month having 31 days since June, 1919. Bar Harbor lost to P. C. -F. here will be complet re were flags and They have been paid on the basis of a yesterday, by a score of 5 to 7. Bar This stand cont: tish and American thirty-day month. The amount involved Harbor plays the Easterns at South each and 80 e flags from the is approximately $500. Brewer today and plays Bangor at Isabel Thorndile is in ball room and The matter of an ordinance relating Easterns Park Thursday. The Easterns committee on the setting for a to parking in the streets of Bar Harbor come here Friday and Bangor comes here the entire first embered. was referred to the annual meeting in next Tuesday. second row. T ely gowns and the March. the new stand uniforms added SHIPS LEAVE BAR than were those picture. Nearly in the opinion ominence in and COSTUME BALL WAS committee, quit led the Navy Ball HARBOR TUESDAY first row boxes. ent that everyone Russell's Swim- A BRILLIANT SUCCESS Reservations be made with as at its best for Town Regrets Departure and Com- and Trust Comp thm, melody and manders Express Appreciation ined in every Attendance of 500 at Gay and Festive for Hospitality Here Among those was delicious and Affair for Benefit of Bar Harbor for the show are Navy Ball was Hospital Chester P. Bar Bar Harbor thoroughly enjoyed the every viewpoint. Mrs. H. F. Din visit of the British and American navies Savy Ball Com- The costume dance held at the Swim- Miss Mary U. here during Tennis Week and the whole ming Club for the benefit of the Bar Clinton Falls, town deeply regretted their departure ndike, Chester P. Harbor Hospital, last Wednesday night, Mrs. E. Howa: Governor Ralph O. Brewster Tuesday, their leaving having been de- DeWitt Clinton Livingston, Mr was a gay and festive affair attended by layed a day on account of the thick fog rederick Fearing, nearly 500, and a good sum was netted night at Oldfarm. Governor Brewster also H. Miller, Mrs of Monday The United States Ships pin, F. Hamilton for the hospital. Mrs. Robert H: visited on Saturday President Charles Detroit. Raleigh and Milwaukee and George McMur- Mrs. E. B. McMories, wife of Lt. W. Eliot at his Northeast Harbor sum- S. Moore. Mrs His Majesty's Ships Wistaria and William Procter, Mrs. William McMories of the U. S. S. Detroit, won mer home, visited Kenarden Lodge and Valerian had been in the harbor for ten as Bell Sweeney, the first prize for her Hawaiian costume. was welcomed by Mrs. John S. Kennedy Taylor Pyne, M days. The ships with their gray paint John D. Rocke Miss Helen Thorndike who was charm- and called upon Mrs. William C. Endi- loomed up in the lower harbor making a L. Satteriee, M dinners for the ing in an old fashioned costume, won cott. The three days of the stay of the picture that is always welcomed here. Edward T. Sto. Ravy Ball were: second prize and Miss Katherine Tod state's chief executive here were full, The officers and men of the two services Mrs. Harry Hill received honorable mention for her but the program in spite of bad weather added much to the gayety of the resort Thorndike, Mr 1. V. Hoppin, Turkish costume. the greater part of the time went through during their visit and made many friends Mrs. Frederick lub, Mrs. Walter Mr. Henry Schieffelin won the first perfectly. while here. The committe I McCormick at prize for the men in a Colonial costume The party included Governor and Frederick C. Fearing, Chairman of Mr. and Mrs. and Mr. Robert Ryle, dressed as a Mrs. Brewster, Col. and Mrs. Farnum, the Tennis Week committee addressed page 12) pirate won second prize. Mr. Ernest Col. and Mrs. Marsh and Philip Shorey. the following wireless message to Rear Burton received honorable mention for The Governor was photographed at Admiral Willard, Commanding Light his costume of Italian rag picker. The Pryor's Island on Saturday as the Cruiser Division 3, U. S., Scouting Fleet. judges were Mr. Philip Livingston, Col. party was leaving there after a picnic and to Commander-in-Command P. W. De Witt Clinton Falls and Col. F. L. V. lunch by Ranger W. B. Campbell. He King, D. S. O., R. N., of H. M. S. Hoppin. visited the war ships in the harbor and Rodick Wistaria: (Continued on page 12) (Continued on page 12) "The hosts of friends which you and the officers and men under your command DATE (Continued on page 12) Eastman Cameras, Films and Supplies CE Waterman and Wahl Pens and Pencils A Superior Line of Leather Goods 110 U-DRIVE The Store o' Quality tim lot this morning wish the fleet left. From noon until late seriously and is putting in some hard health and happiness, every night the sailors kept them rolling. work with his partner, Maurice dePau. to welcoming you here The building was open all day Sunday An extra added attraction will be the The worst fire that Bar H for the boys and the swimming pool and moving picture of the championship had in years broke out in the Mard sent the following pool tables were used all day except wrestling match between Strangler Lewis of the Mount Desert Irin, for during the morning church hour. and Big Wayne Munn. Lynam House, on Thursday a in reply to Mr. Fearing: The Y. M. C. A. was letter writing burning the Inn to the ground S. Detroit, Flagship Light Division 3, U. S. Scouting headquarters, too, and stamps and GOV. BREWSTER HAS aging the St. Sauveur Hotel nex Via Seawall Radio Station. mailing service were furnished. The BUSY THREE DAYS an extend conservatively estir 1st 10, 2 P. M. regular magazines on the reading table (Continued from page 1) $10,000, the entire property lo were liberally supplemented by additional fire being about $40,000, partial Fearing, received in turn Admiral Willard and ones brought in by Mrs. Sutton, of the ed by insurance. Maine. other officers at Oldfarm. mander, the officers, and the Navy League, who also distributed Though the department One of the largest receptions ever candy and other treats to the men. promptly the fire had gaine ht Cruiser Division 3, thank ever held in Bar Harbor was that of Basket ball men, boxers and wrestlers headway that the fight was their friends in Bar Harbor Friday afternoon at Oldfarm when Mr. dial welcome and generous from the American ships did daily surrounding property and the Dorr invited about 700 people, to greet extended to them. We are work-outs in the gymnasium. There of Chief Hamor and his men, Governor Brewster at his home, where was no need this year to provide any gular and volunteer, was the regret, but carry away with for many years distinguished guests have beds, as the liberty periods ended at of most favorable comment. happy memories and cherish been entertained. The house was sim- narrow driveway separated at we may return next year midnight. ply but tastefully decorated. The guests It would be difficult to over-estimate Sauveur from the nearest of (Signed) Willard were received by the governor and his King replied as follows: the part the Y. M. C. A. and its social cottages and time and time agai: party and Mr. Dorr. Tea and punch T. S. Wistaria advantages to the sailors played in Sauveur caught fire, the flames were served. Mrs. R. W. Wakefield, Mrs. making the stay of the men of the two by the prompt action of the fire Seawall Radio Station. Aug. Harry Lynam. Mrs. Fred C. Lynam, fleets SO pleasant and friendly. The while in the neighborhood several .45. P. M. Mrs. T. L. Roberts, Mrs. Harry M. national and international services ren- residences took fire on the roofs. C. Fearing, Conners, Mrs. Mark Morrison, Mrs. A. dered each year in this way give the no headway however, because Maine. Stroud Rodick, Mrs. John Preble, pour- Association a rightful claim to the sup- vigilance of various volunteers. please convey to all the ing and being assisted by Miss Cathleen Mrs. J. N. Kondazian of riends we have made in Bar port of all who know of its work. Sherman. Miss Aileen Lenhart, who is trapped in her room by th "sincere thanks for their Miss Sherman's guest, and Miss Dorothy progress of the flames was resc God-speed. We thank you WILL HOLDMEETINGS HERE Higgins. Mrs. G. Prescott Cleaves and Daniel H. Hamilton of the Bar heartily for the wonderful AND AT NORTHEAST HARBOR Mrs. William Sawyer also assisted. Motor Company, who climb, and kindness you have show- Continued from page 1 On Friday noon Mr. Dorr gave an swaying ladder and brought her during our never-to-be-for- The patronesses are: Mrs. Robert Bacon, informal luncheon when about 25 were though unconscious, to the k at Bar Harbor. We are all Mrs. John A. Brown. Jr., Miss Coles, present. his courage and sure-footedne ward to meeting you again. Mrs. T. DcWitt Cuyler. Mrs. M. L. Governor Brewster and Mrs. Brewster doubtedly averting a tragedy. (Signed) Captain P. W. King Fearey, Mrs. Philip Livingston, Mrs. and Mr. Dorr were guests on Friday The fire was discovered by John Markoe, Mrs. R. A. Parrock, Mrs. night for dinner at the home of Mrs. McCaffery, manager of the Inn. as ILD TWO HOUSES Harold Peabody, Mrs. Lansing Reed, Henry F. Dimock of Washington and going up the back stairs from th IT DeGREGOIRE PARK Mrs. John S. Rogers, Mrs. Charles R. Bar Harbor. The same evening his ment to the first floor and hea Scott, Mrs. H. O. Sturges, Mrs. Augustus staff, Coi. Farnum and Col. Marsh. crackling, and the fire swept up Sherman has this week sold Thorndike, Mrs. II. H. Thorndike. Miss Mrs. Farnum and Mrs. Marsh and Mr. the wooden building in an inc t DeGregoire Park. No. 34 Trevor, Mrs. A. Murray Young. Shorey, Miss Grace Oakes, and Captain short space of time. venue has been purchased by Another meeting will be held at the C. W. DeMoleyns were entertained at The Mount Desert Inn, Bar H nker and Son of Northeast home of Mr. and Mrs. Harper Sibley dinner by Hon. and Mrs. Guy E. Torrey oldest hotel, was a large woodenb ho plan grading and other at Northeast Harbor on Tueseay after- at the Jordan Pond House. (Continued on page 4) nts on the lot now and durin noon, August 18, at five o'clock. There Saturday morning was a 'busy one and to build a handsome bun- will be singing by a quartet from the in addition to various calls Governor t No. 80 has been sold to Institute and tea will be served. The Brewster addressed the Appalachain ards and Lucy A. McCabe of patronesses are Mrs. Stephen Baker, Camp at Echo Lake, Lafayette National N. Y. who will also build a Mrs. Charles D. Dickey, Mrs. William Park. Many Southwest Harbor people Draper Lewis, Mrs. Fitz Eugene New- were present. Saturday noon Supt. Edward B. Mea bold, Mrs. George Wharton Pepper, Dorr gave a picnic to 40 summer resi- ESTATE TRANSFERS Mrs. Charlton Yarnall. dents of the Island in honor of the Gov- The American Church Institute for ernor and his staff on Pryor's Island, the Attorney at Law in Hancock County For Negros makes appropriations to nine recently acquired Park property, given Ending August 8, 1925 Industrial Schools, the Bishop Payne in memory of James W. Pryor and John 26 Mt. Desert St Divinity School for the training of B. Pine by Mrs. Pryor and Mrs. Pine. Bar Ha 1. Doyle to Earl L. Gray, Negroyoung men for the ministry, St. A delicious chowder was served under 254 South Fifteenth St. warranty deed, recorded Aug. Agnes' Hospital and the Training School the direction of Chief Ranger Hadley Philadelp for Nurses at St. Augustine's. The and Ranger Rich, assisted by Ranger A. Carr to D. E. Hurley, number of students enrolled in these Thompson and Chief Mechanic Ralph ; release deed, recorded Aug. 3. schools during the last regular school Douglas. Saturday afternoon Governor P. Carr to D. E. Hurley, term was 3,673. and Mrs. Brewster were guests of Mrs. : warranty deed, recorded Three thousand five hundred and Henry F. Dimock at the Building of ninety-five attended the Summer Schools Arts at the concert and Supt. Dorr had VICTOR arbor Banking & Trust Co. and Farmers' Conferences held for the a box in which were seated the Mrs. to Isaac M. Tripp, Bar Harbor; improvement of rural life, better farming Farnum, Col. and Mrs. Marsh, Mrs. REAL ESTATI ed, recorded August 3. methods and better homes. Thus, Mary G. McBride, Mr. Dorr, and his A. Lawrence to Zettie M. more than 7,000 Negroes receive an- secretary, Miss Oakes. Col. Farnum Bar Harbor and 806 Se ill, recorded August 3. nually definite instruction in the schools played golf on Kebo with Mr. Torrey. E. Spurling to Emma F. under the supervision of the Institute. Saturday evening the Governor and his will, recorded August 3. party were entertained at dinner at the R. Perkins to Caroline P. U. S. OFFICERS WIN Pot and Kettle by Mrs. Harry Hill will, recorded August 3. TENNIS MATCHES Thorndike and they attended the Navy GEORG d L. Spencer to Emma F. Continued from page 1 Ball at the Swimming Club. will, recorded Aug. 3. Real Estate and Ins F. Smith to Alta E. Frisbee Third Round, Men's Singles ill, recorded August 3. COSTUME BALL IS New York Office, Cas In the third round of the men's singles, A. Young to Sprague Cousins, H. B. Shaw defeated H. Vonhemert, MOST SUCCESSFUL quit-claim deed, recorded 6-0. 6-5: W. A. Lawrence defeated R. M. Continued from page 1 BAR HARBOR, MAINE, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 1925 B. H. WINS BOTH DR. ABBE OUT OF DANGER PARK FOLLOWING SERIOUS ILLNESS WINTER HARBOR INO BURNS GAMES TUESDAY Dr. Robert Abbe who has been very BOATS WINNERS ill at the Bar Harbor Hospital for two weeks is now, it is believed, out of danger. To a host of friends among the permanent Dixon's Twenty-one Footer Leads on Destroys Build- P. C. F. Wins from Bangor-Close residents as well as among the summer "S" Boats Across Line in Race named "Chanty Finish for Two Teams-Games residents this is news which lessens Tuesday Contents of Coming Week grave anxiety. For 40 years Dr. Abbe E has been a summer resident of the island F. E. Dixon won the inter-club give on completely de- Bar Harbor won from the Easterns he loves and his illness was this year an between the Winter Harbor twenty-one at Woodland Park, interruption not only to his summer life footers and the Bar Harbor "S" boats, both building and twice yesterday, winning the first game 9 to 2 and the second 11 to 3. Curtis here but to important work. The re- held Tuesday afternoon off Bar Harbor lloss. The building, pitched the first game for Bar Harbor markable map which he has just finished following a luncheon at the Yacht Club oy, well-known Bar proprietor, was this against Whitehouse for the Easterns. and which has been admired nt Brookend The race was r return for the one last Jowett was on the mound in the second by a host has just this week been photo- month in which the Bar Harbor boats H. E. DeFriest of game, opposing Slayton of the Easterns. graphed under the direction of Supt. won at Winter Harbor. th ad operated it as a P. C. F. won from Bangor at Bangor. Dorr of Lafayette National Park by Mitchell H. Rosengurten of Winter the name "Chanty I': The Bar Harbor team continues to lead Ranger Campbell, some fine pictures Harbor finished second. The next be ding was probably the league with the standing as follows: resulting and Dr. Abbe is delighted boat to cross the line was that of George h: 0. Mrs. DeFriest rable sum of money Won Lost Won with this work. It is expected that he H. McFadden. Jr., a Bar Harbor "S" 81 3 furnishings. Both Bar Harbor 26 12 .684 can this week or early next week be boat. Finishing in order were the boats ti overed by insurance. P. C. F 22 14 611 moved from the hospital to his home and owned by W. S. Moore, Bar Harbor; J. fir )r today. Mrs. De- Bangor 14 23 .378 that soon after he will be able to receive Henderson, Wintor Harbor: George G. his friends. McMurtry, Bar Harbor; Commodore arbor and the place Easterns 12 25 324 O: Redman, Bar Harbor; Joseph Pulitzer, t en the fire was dis- Bar Harbor is scheduled to play P. ETHYL HAYDEN SINGS Bar Harbor. t ey McFarland who F. here Friday, the Easterns at Brewer HERE ON SATURDAY The regular second series races will be Saturday, Bangor here next Tuesday and b continued on Wednesdays and Saturdays o Fire Department Bangor at Bangor next Wednesday. The fifth and last concert of the regular up to September 5. The Professional all and found the The big double-header with P. C. F. here series under the direction of Mrs. Skippers' race on Labor Day is another mes and the wooden Labor Day, Monday, September 7 will Dimock at the Building of Arts will be big event on the club calendar. to save. Owing to conclude the season. Bar Harbor and held on Saturday afternoon at 3.30 when ere was no water in P. C. F. are away ahead of the other Ethyl Hayden, soprano, will be the KINDLER, ARTIST AT THE is to the resorte two teams and there is no certainty as to soloist. BUILDING THURSDAY which team will be in the lead when the ing had a kitchen, The New York Evening Sun says that 18 rooms, a dancing holiday battle opens. Miss Hayden is possessed of a voice of Hans Kindler will appear at the Build- borches on the first uncommon beauty and power while the ing of Arts on Thursday afternoon at apartment on the MME. SAMAROFF WILL PLAY Herald-Tribune declares her work to be 3.30. DeFriest, her chil- FOR BENEFIT OF HOSPITAL superb. Of her a New York writer of Kindler is frequently compared to lived in the building. musical events says: Kreisler as being master in the same lad been gone about Ethyl Hayden, a young soprano who degree of the cello as is Kreisler of the en Mr. McFarland, Mme. Olga Samaroff will give a recital displayed exceptional vocal quality in violin. ()f him the late James Huncker at the Building of Arts on Tuesday 11 e, ran from his own her Acolian Hall recitals-the first of said "I do not expect ever to hear du- to find the kitchen afternoon, September 1st. The great which drew unusually warm approval plicates of a Josef Hofmann, a Fritz ned back and after pianist whose art is SO generously given from the late H. E. Krehbiel and with Kreisler or a Hans Kindler. succeeded in getting each summer at her home in Seal Harbor the Oratorio Society in last season's he party line to the and in the homes of friends is seldom A New York paper says: Messiah, confirmed and strengthened heard in public recital here in summer. Hans Kindler, the brilliant young Hamor and his men previous impressions by her recital at genius of the cello, (as many of the most Salisbury Cove and That of next Tuesday will, be for the Carnegie Hall, heard by a demonstrative important crities have called him), is rts to checking a benefit of the Bar Harbor hospital and I audience. recognized both in Europe and America in the thick woods it is probable that there will be a very o It was her first recital in the larger as one of the rare great masters of his ning building. large attendance. y hall, but her Messiah performance had instrument. 1 Among those who have taken boxes shown that her voice had ample volume As the interpreter of the greatest 1. inia Mayo, Jacque- for the Samarolf recital are: Mrs. Walter to fill vaster spaces. The striking fea- modern cello works he stands today n riscilla Auchineloss, G. Ladd, Mrs. William Procter, Miss ture of her voice was, as before, its tone, without a peer,-whereas in the classical d Harriet Corning. Dorothy Sturges, Mrs. Frederick W. and the feature of that tone was its repertoire the most prominent critics race for boys under Vanderbilt, Miss Nina Burnham, Mrs. highest notes. These were remarkable, of both continents have declared him as ake second. Morris L. Clothier, Mrs. William Jay with a remarkable clearness and purity, having no superior, frequently comparing as a novelty event, Turner, Mrs. J. L. Ketterlinus, Mrs. an ability to fly far without the least him with the King of Violinists, Fritz nming a back stroke William Gerrish Beale. hint of effort in their propulsion, reach- Kreisler. on page 12) ing the highest altitudes without harden- ing of tone or loss of volume, and in regard to pitch, unerringly hitting the mark. Eastman Cameras, Films and Supplies Waterman and Wahl Pens and Pencils the all assembly d Rodick A Superior Line of Leather F any throughout the The Store of Quality :proved cars are being URIVE showing. ESTATE WEST END DRUG COMPA CORDON De CILFILLAN smallidge of Pretty March THE BAR HARBOR TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 13, 1926 DR. ABBE'S NEW RELIEF Eliot, and Governor Brewster of Maine MAP IS REPRODUCED and others was completed. Dr. Abbe, in order that every friend of Photographic Copies of Maps of the Park might see the map, gave cordial Maine Coast Make Unique Christ- invitation to all who wished to do so to mas Greeting Cards see it at his home, and a host of people availed themselves of the opportunity. Dr. Robert Abbe of New York, for Under the direction of Supt. Dorr the more than 40 years a summer resident of map was photographed and from the Bar Harbor, is effecting publicity for the plates which were made by Ranger Park and the Island which is at once Campbell of the Park force, the attractive beautiful and important, unique and card maps were made. interesting for in the photographs of the Bar Harbor people who have received, beautiful map which Dr. Abbe completed many of them as Christmas greeting last summer, a bit of the coast is beauti- cards, these maps from Dr. Abbe have fully shown. been no less interested and gratified in Dr. Abbe, who has been actively as- the possession of them as bearing his sociated with Supt. George B. Dorr of autograph than in the splendid piece of Lafayette National Park since his first publicity it gives to Maine's beautiful work for the establishment of the Park, coast Island, its setting and its contours. made the beautiful maps at the spring houses, at Sieur de Monts, the official Bar Harbor entrance to the Park, which have drawn the attention and admiration of visitors from the whole country over. Last summer the work on the magni- MUSEUM PLANS OF ficent relief map, which has the warm ad- INTEREST TO MANY miration and the hearty approval of the (Continued from page 1) Secretary of the Interior, the Director of specimens and weathered stones r(- the Park Service President Charles W. sembling some implements but of doubt- ful museum value. Besides these he contributed Mr. Holmes' very valuable authoritative Meantime arrangements are progres- SEPTEME monograph on the subject, a copy of sing to place all the relief maps and others which I had not in our growing library of historic value with this choice illustra- MUSEUM PLANS OF on this subject. tion of the truly wonder-inspiring arche- Incidentally reports of a "Bag of ologic study pertaining to the Lafayette Rocks" gathered during a lifetime of Park region. INTEREST TO MANY teaching in schools cn Mount Des rt This spot of ground chosen by those and on the neighboring islands and shores best skilled in the future development of by "Aunt Mary Anne Higgins," age 91, our beautiful island is at the Sieur de Dr. Abbe Writes of Widespread In- was promised me for the museum in Monts Spring near the present small terest Following Recent Publica- hope that some implements might be wooden house where every year 10,000 cation in TIMES of Explana- discovered. Critical study of these visitors register and study the four maps tory Article--New Mater- stones proved that the origin of this col- already so familiar to all and where fully ial for Collection lection must have been association with as many more come each season without places or pupils which she wishes to registering. Dr. Robert Abbe has written a let- remember. But among what was widely This spot of all others proves the mag- ter to the TIMES showing the widespread known as "Aunt Higgins' Bag of Rocks", net for summer visitors and there the interest in the plan for the creation of a I could find no trace of ancient stone art. educational purpose of the small but at- Lafayette National Park collection of Before next season we have been tractive revelation of local history, Stone Age implements, and also showing promised many fine museum specimens ancient beyond memory or other record, that decidedly satisfactory progress is duplicates from the unmatched collec- will inspire and attract us all. being made by Dr. Abbe and those as- tion of Professor Moorehead of Andover, Meanwhile considerable sums of money sociated with him in this work. Dr. Conn., and his co-workers in this region. are being offered to properly equip and At this moment two additional gifts Abbe's letter follows: endow such a safe building and a per- have just been sent me: First, a new Widespread interest has resulted from petuating organization has been formed group of Stone Age implements, many in because a small and beautiful scheme the recent explanatory article in the fair condition, 250 stone and 75 bone by Bar Harbor TIMES of July 28. Numer- must be as lasting as its dignity and Charles and Fletcher Wood from old ous valued contributions of material unique nature demand. researching. are being submitted from those who have (Signed) ROBERT ABBE. The second gift is from Mr. Dwight for years held one or more specimens in Blaney who sends me his fine group of their houses, which they desire to have bone implements from shell heaps, some permanently placed in a safe Park of which were exhibited two years ago at Collection. the Library, with the promise of any This week Mr. W. H. Sherman has other material he has been gathering given an interesting group, found in during his life-time, if they are within building a road beyond the Pot and the scope of this ancient period. With Kettle Club, of arrowpoints, hard stone this also he presents to the Lafayette cutting edge knife points and scrapers, National Park Library as appropriate to fragments of chisels and geologic this select study a complete set of "Re- (Continued on page 8) ports of Bureau of American Ethnology" in thirty-one volumes. These noble gifts evidence the growing satisfaction that the effort is no longer a single handed but a united effort to open up this local of 17 Fresh Pond Parkway Cambridge, Mass., 14 January 1926. Dear Sir: President Eliot desires me to express to you his pleasure on receiving the photograph of your map of the region about Lafayette National Park and to offer you his congratulations on the successful accomplishment of such a stupendous piece of work. He was much interested in your account of the collections you propose to establish at the Sieur de Monts Spring next summer. President Eliot is steadily improving in health, but he has not yet resumed his work at his desk. He enjoys a ride each morning, and receives one or two calls in the late afternoon. Very truly yours Lilian B. Wc Councel Secretary Dr. Robert Abbe 40 WEST FIFTY-NINTH STREET from Seft. 30.1926 my orm M Duasy It is most prateful to me that you are willing to he treasurer of whatsou funds may be acquired to further the Lafayuth Nate Pack Museum 1 the Stone age or whatever other appropriate name is finally adopted) I enelove my first check from I patient travelling in Europe. which I var Endorsed to your care - in the Identification Anky Trust Co- (my preference) I have put written Mrs. W.G. Ladd me 5000 to start the ball Willing - me the may send it you you r to nee - my ron Contribution must be 1 month - until I give of 1 but then , help will be na a correit to my will J 25.000, to Justin an intelligent Too Who can Burely he obtained two Staff q-prof Moorehead of ver Mass, Phillips airtracy prof. L icen Anchology )- - whothar promised spare Implication this wonderful etron for my museum . Cuccess g your daughter of TheSorbonne, with thest wishes wishough your health. L un your truly Robert Abbe. identially miss Belle Gurnee might C able to push Min Deasy s minute Pain when the has influence Rea. State of Maine Certificate of Organization of a Corporation, under Chapter Sixty-two of the Revised Statutes, and Amendments Thereto. The undersigned, officers of a corporation duly organized at Bar Harbor, Hancock County in the town of Bar Harbor State of Maine, on the eleventh , day of October A.D. 1926 , hereby certify as follows: The name of said corporation is Lafayette National Park Museum of Stone Age Antiquities The purposes of said corporation are To acquire by gift, purchase, lease or otherwise, real estate and otherproperty in Hancock County, State of Maine; to acquire, and hold for the purp ose of making a permanent exhibit, of scientific and educational value for the public benefit, antiquities discovered in this region relating to the stone age period. ama I.4 Insurance DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK BAR HARBOR, MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT October 12, 1926. Dear Dr. Abbe: I have your letter and am enclosing to Mr. Endicott Bishop Lawrence's letter, telling of his acceptance of membership on the museum committee. Judge Deasy has returned to Ellsworth, where he is holding court, and has accepted membership or the comittee and the position of treasurer. Membership necessary to incorporation being now completed, Mr. Lynam is forwarding today the requisite papers to Augusta and incorporation should be completed by the time this reaches you. Mr. Ladd telephoned recently to lir. Lynam's office to ask if incorporation were completed and on Mr. Lynam's explaining the situation to him asked to be notified as soon as it was, stating that he had a check for $5,000 to be deposited which he would then send to Judge Dessy as treasurer. I thought it would be better to postpone writing to Mr. Kent till incorporation were completed and the under- taking placed on an established basis. The same would be true concerning the Potter Palmers but I have also thought it might be well to wait a while in regard to them and consider whom DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK BAR HARBOR, MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT 2. else there might be to make a seventh member of the Corporation. I will write you later in regard to this. I had to send off for photographic plates for Campbell to take the photographs upon of the Indian im- plements. They have now come, after some delay, and I am waiting only for a bright day. It is great to feel that you are safely established in New York again after your journey and great, too, to see the museum SO well started on its way and certain now, as I feel, to become presently a fact accomplished. With best regards as ever Yours sincerely, was Lynam & Rodick A. H. Lynam David 1. Rodick Attorneys and Serenus B. Rodick Counselors Bar Harbor, Maine, October 30, 1926. Mr. George B. Dorr, Bar Harbor, Maine. Dear Mr. Dorr: The certificate of organization of the Lafayette National Park Museum of Stone Age Antiquities has been approved by the Attorney General and forwarded to the Register of Deeds for record. As soon as this is done it will be filed with the Secretary of State. The returning and filing is merely a matter of form and will take only a day or two. Yours very truly, Madguan NOVEMBER 3, 1926 NEW CORPORATION TO BUILD MUSEUM "Lafayette National Park Museum of Stone Age Antiquities" is Name of Recently Organized Maine Corporation The Lafayette National Park Museum of Stone Age Antiquities is the title of a new corporation in whose hands will be placed the work of constructing and main- taining a museum to be built somewhere in Lafayette National Park for the hous- ing of the Park collection upon which Dr. Abbe has been working for years. Dr. Abbe, for nearly half a century a summer resident of Bar Harbor, has been actively interested from the very first in the establishment of the Hancock County Trustees of Public Reservations, the Sieur de Monts Monument, and Lafay- ette National Park. His work upon Park maps is well known and he has been actively associated with President Eliót and Supt. Dorr of the Park. Dr. Abbe's collection of Stone Age implements is one of the finest ever gotten together, experts in the line declare. Through Dr. Abbe's efforts many citi= zens in this part of Maine have become interested. Notable additions to his collection have come from Charles H. Wood, Esq. of Bar Harbor and Fletcher T. Wood of Steuben, both the brothers having been ardent collectors and stu- dents of Indian relics. From the fine collection owned by Dwight Blaney of Boston and Ironbound Island Dr. Abbe has received many fine implements. Dr. Abbe's collection has been shown at the Library and at his home at Duck Brook and from all over this section he has received donations. His articles dealing with Indian antiquities and in connection with this with the various tribes and their customs have been as interesting as the collection. Funds for the museum have been pledged and some are already in hand, Judge L. B. Deasy, treasurer of the new corporation, receiving them. Recently Dr. Abbe has received from Professor William Otis Sawtelle the offer of any of the Indian implements un- earthed on Little Cranberry recently when workmen were digging in prepara- tion for the cellar of the new Islesford musuem to house the well known his- torical collection to which Prof. Saw- telle has for years given his time and effort. ROOM 1611 THIRTY-ONE NASSAU STREET, NEW YORK TELEPHONE: 8863 RECTOR. November 4th, 1925. Mr. A. H. Lynam, 0/0 Lynam & Rodick, Bar Harbor, Maine. Dear Sir: Mr. Ladd received your letter of October 30th in regard to the certificate of organization of the Lafayette National Part Museum of Stone Age Antiquities, and wished me on his behalf to thank you for some. A check has been drawn to the order of the Tradourer of the Corporation, Hon. Luere B. Deasy, for $5000.00, which I understand will b sent through Dr. Robert Abbe as a contribution to the said museum.from Mr. and Mrs. Ladd. Yours very truly, Secretary. 5.7926 40 WEST FIFTY-NINTH STREET My Drac the Deasy Enclose a check just received from mm - Ladd - for the museum Fund / - She says "hre went if to through you, for it is a gift for your sake, as well as because me feel it is a good Cause". There others to whom I have spoken said, "Count me in". I will reserve them for an appeal when I get my ammunition together in good thapk with best wishes. I am , Yours truly Rebatehobe Nov. 10, 1926. Dr. Robert Abbe, 40 West 59th St., New York, N. Y. My dear Dr. Abbe: Your favor inclosing check for five thousand dollars, payable to me as Treasurer of the Museun of Stone Age Antiquities, being a gift from Mr. and Mrs. Ladd, is duly received. This, together with the three hundred dollars previously received, I have deposited in the Bar Harbor Bank- ing & Trust Company on savings account, the rate of interest from the bank being at present four per cent. This deposit is not on call like e check account but subject to thirty days notice which notice however the bank never in fact exacts. Money rates are declining and the rate may be re- duced to three and a half. Very truly yours, Nov. 10, 1926. Mrs. Kate M. Ladd New York, N. Y. Dear Mrs. Ladd: As Treasurer of the Lafayette National Park Museum of Stone Age Antiquities I acknowledge your very generous gift of five thousand dollars. The exploration for and the preserving and studying of such antiquities, of which there are very many in Maine, is highly interesting and important. You will be satisfied, I am sure, that this munificent gift is a wise and fruitful one. Very truly yours, a Laboratory by the oken. Cray Id. Franklin Zipstein M.D. 2000. The Marine Biological Laboratory at Salisbury GEORGE DORR (from unpublished Reminiscences of George Dorr, on file at the Jesup Library, Bar Harbor, ME.) ne of the things in which I have taken the greatest interest, the Park apart, has been the O Marine Biological Laboratory at Salisbury - The Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory. In searching for a good wharfage for our transit company, when we had been threatened with a trolley line upon our Ellsworth Road, in 1907, I had purchased for it and ultimately took over myself, the old lava point by Emery Cove and this led me to acquaintance with the more extensive Same as lava flow and points upon its eastern side, which interested me, as well as its projection into a deep channel of the bay. I found that this was the old Thomas Emery farm, part of the Emery district in essay the Island's earlier days with the old Emery graveyard on it and the old Thomas Emery farmhouse. The farm, the older generation gone, was for sale I found, but one does not see the beauty of the sit- uation from the roadway running past it; the boom was over and there were none to purchase it. The ms. 914 matter slept in my mind. Then came Dr. S. Weir Mitchell's death and there was talk among his many friends at Bar Harbor of putting up some memorial to him on the Village Green - a very ordinary pro- ceeding I thought it and proposed that something really interesting be done instead. "Dr. Mitchell had been one of the executive committee of the Carnegie Institution at Washington and had told me of the interest he took in the Marine Biological Laboratory it had estab- lished at Key West, Florida, and of the work which was being done there. This subject was one in which I took great interest myself and I proposed instead of the monument upon the Village Green a fund be raised to purchase the Old Emery Farm at Salisbury Cove with its good wharfage opportuni- ty, its picturesque character, its old farmhouse and the pure water off it coming in a deep continuous channel from the open sea, water not liable ever to be contaminated and fit for scientific work. I talked abve it over with Dr. Robert Abbe and he became enthusiastic over it. Together we drafted an appeal for funds and got them, some eight thousand dollars, sufficient for the purchase of the farm. It could have been sold soon after for a much larger sum. Then chance brought me into contact with Dr. Alfred G. Mayer, ichthyologist at Princeton University and the biologist in charge of the Carnegie Institution work at Key West which Dr. Mitchell told me of and of his interest in it. I got him down to look our tract over and report upon its fitness. This was in the summer of 1916. I was in Washington when he came but my house was open and one of my friends who had a power boat well adapted for such use - 11 - THE MARINE BIOLOG CAL LABORATORY AT SALISBURY took him out to dredge and make a study of our waters. Then I returned with the Sieur de Monts National Vonument established and Dr. Mayer was present and scoke at the meeting held at the Building of Arts in cel- ebration. He told at the meeting of the purpose of his coming and the great opportunity we had for carrying on under the best conditions an important biologic study, comparable to the work he had himself been doing at Key West and that instituted on the Cape Cod Shore, representing an ocean climate differing radically from the other two stations. The report was echoed back to Princeton and I presently got a letter from Dr. Ulric Danlgren, Professor of Marine Biology at Princeton University, telling me of an organization incorporated several years before for doing similar work on Casco Bay and suggesting it would be a pity to divide the interest. I answered that I quite agreed but that I thought the best course would be for them to join us at Salisbury Cove "Open it widely to the people while yet where the conditions were better and more permanently keeping it from being a mere playground." assured than they possibly could be at Casco Bay. A meeting with their corporation followed the following autumn. I agreed to turn over to them, incorporated under the title of the Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory with headquarters at the S. Weir Mitchell station at Salisbury Cove, a fund suf- ficient for their moving down with their equipment and for establishing wharfage and some simple buildings on the Emery land and work began the following summer. It has had to be carried on by annual contributions, with no endowment fund but it has continued now for nearly twenty years with constantly increasing interest and should continue permanently, for the work is endless. The Laboratory is a place for study and investigation. not for teaching. It is a research laboratory devoted to the advancement of our knowledge in a field that exhibits earliest forms of life which we have knowledge of and something of life's progress since in the multitude of vertebrate and invertebrate forms which it has taken on. A number of the workers at the Laboratory now have homes of their own at Salisbury Cove where they or the association have bought land, beautifully situated, outside the original Thomas Emery farm. which is devoted to the scientific work, with the old Emery farmhouse turned into a dining hall where they all congregate at mealtime. It is all in delightful contrast to Bar Harbor's fashionable life and far more in keeping with the true character of the region, rich in natur- al interest and the beauty of great scenery. I have great hopes it will continue to get funds to aid it in experimental work for which the field is infinitely rich and to become a permanent institution of the shore, a place where men of science from our Eastern universities come and work and gain refresh- ment in their summer. It is a far better place for that than is Cape Cod." - 12 - GEORGE DORR In July 1916, Charles W. Eliot, President of Harvard University, called a meeting in the Building of Arts, Bar Harbor, to celebrate the proclamation of President Woodrow Wilson that created the Lafayette National Monument on Mount Desert Island. On that occasion, George Dorr provided a remarkable pre- diction of the nature of the Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, yet to be established. "During the early summer, when I was at Washington working for our Park's estab- lishment and was plunged for weeks together in its oppressive heat, it struck me what a splendid and useful thing it would be if we could provide down here, in a spot SO full of biologic interest and unsolved biologic problems, SO rich in various beauty and locked around by the cool northern sea, a summer home, however simple, for men of science working in the Government bureaus, in the museums and universities. They would come down to work, as Henry Chapman and Charles Sedgwick Minot used to do, on a fresh field of life, bird or plant or animal, and then go back invigo- rated, ready to do more valuable work the whole winter through in consequence of this climate boon and stimulating change." -George Bucknam Dorr - 13 - THE STONE AGE PERIOD OF CIVILIZATION IN EVIDENCE ABOUT THE MAINE COAST ADJACENT TO LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK By ROBERT ABBE (REPRINTED FROM THE BAR HARBOR TIMES) The story of man's life on our planet The two main sources of museum col- has its roots far back in history. lections are: first, the graves of buried Early myths, speculation, and national chieftains, and, second, the vast number legends of various branches of the human of shell heaps. race,-useful as the foundations of their The former are come upon by accident. religions,-a rapidly giving way to These ancient people usually had no study of evidences found on every side, common burial grounds. interpreted scientifically. The "shell heaps" however are the As we come upon the history of the rich storehouses of fragments from which French occupation of the Maine Coast, scientific workers have built up the stori- we find that the tribes of Indians in ed history, by patiently fitting broken Champlain's day (1604) were of the fragments. Algonquin race which spread far south- These shell heaps are found in all ward on the Atlantic coast,-each tribe parts of the world where oysters were taking the name from local rivers or other food of primitive peoples and where fresh geographic boundaries, like the Penob- water streams pour in to the salt ocean to scot, Kennebecs, Abenakies, etc. With make brackish water, in which they recent Indian life, however, we will not thrive best. concern ourselves. There are hundreds of such shell heaps There was an earlier civilization which on the shores and inlets of our Maine spread widely over the world and is coast, many on our very island, but known as the "Stone Age." Archeolo- some larger ones in other places, notably gists divide this into Paleolithic (ancient an enormous one at Damariscotta, some and crude) and Neolithic (new). Both miles south of Rockland which is 300 feet have left traces in burial graves and shell long and sixteen feet deep. Some parts of heaps of stone implements of war and this have yielded rich findings but pri- agriculture. vate ownership and buildings prevent The Neolithic shows finer sharp-edged further search. All shell heaps have tools, axes, spearheads, arrowpoints and ancient turf, one or two feet thick over pottery. It is the latter group only them, but one may discover them at the which will interest us. Speaking with water's edge where erosion by tide and moderation we might say there are wave are wearing them slowly away. thousands of such stone age implements Even so, if the student knows what to buried under our feet in and about look for he can find among these stones Lafayette National Park-mute evidence along the shore typical stone axes and of a vanished race. implements, usually chipped by storm 2. tossings, but still providing excellent ten thousand years. It seems to link up museum material. somewhat with the development of in- Collections telligence of the race-an adaptation of The most fascinating and well ar- material resources with the needs of life, ranged collection gathered from many -showing in some countries, highly re- states of our union is now exhibited in fined workmanship, in others crude. the new Government museum in Wash- That found in our country is in a midway ington. It will well repay a visitor's state of a development. That in Den- study. Other notable collections are: mark and the Baltic coast is most ad- one in the Peabody Museum in Boston vanced, as shown, for example, by the at Cambridge under the masterly exquisite finish of foot-long daggers management of Charles C. Willoughby; (handle and all) of pink jasper and flint, the others in the Natural History Museum edges artfully "flicked" to acquire the and the Heye Museum of the American harpest point and edges. Indian, in New York. Apart from these, The most perfect specimens are res- scores of small local collections have been cued from graves unexpectedly come made. upon in digging. In our North Atlantic The Lafayette Park Collection coast, all traces of human remains or of Our own Lafayette Park Collection will wooden handles of hatchets have disin- be of particular value to thousands who tegrated and the clue for the searcher is a visit the Park and whose imaginations layer of "red paint" so-called. This is a will be awakened by these evidences of natural metallic oxide powder, obtained the existence of this long vanished peo- from Conception Bay, and used as paint ple on this very spot. for decoration, or war paint on face and The foundation of this collection has bodies, and placed with instruments in been made possible, fortunately, by the chieftains' graves. life-long search for the material by two of When a layer of red powder is come our best citizens, Hon. Charles H. Wood, upon accidentally in digging house foun- a Bar Harbor lawyer, and his brother, dations or in eroded river banks or gravel Fletcher T. Wood, of Gouldsboro and by beds, one must at once stake off a few Dwight Blaney, arits', of Boston, owner feet of earth about it and carefully search and resident of Ironbound Island, whose by trowel or rake, every bit of earth near- scientific zeal has accumulated also rare by for unbroken pottery or stone instru- collections of shells and other material by ments or even beads of shell or bone. dredging and search. Added to these are Thus specimens of great beauty are many recent accessions from enthusiastic found unbroken. searchers who have caught the spirit of Character of the Stone Instruments adventure and are bringing excellent Our local collection at present includes: "finds" from many spots. Mrs. Camer- Two pick axes of stone, 10 to 12 inches on-Bradley and her sons and sailing long, found near Duck Brook; forty or captain, having permission from the more stone chisels, gouges and axes, com- owner of an islanP shell heap, are find- plete or partial, some of them probably ing a new charm for their leisure days. tomahawks; twenty or thirty net sinkers Scientific grouping of these many for trawling lines, size from that of an objects has yielded an excellent illus- egg to that of one's fist, with a narrow trative collection of five or six hundred neck and small head to which to tie a pieces, clearly labelled. string; one five-inch long round thin Accompanying these are a series of stone for making mesh nets of the same relief maps of the territory of the Maine size openings; one hundred stone arrow coast indicating where our specimens were points of many varieties of nativestone, found. or of pink Jasper or white flint from dis- Time of the Stone Age tant sources, left by marauding tribes or Students have placed the period of the by exchanges; several large flint spear- Stone Age at dates as remote as four to heads and sharp edged finit knives for cutting hides; some large plates and animals killed for food, and tools made of grinding stones for sharpening hatchet bone,-such as fine-pointed awls for edges; some fragments of three or six- boring holes in animal skins with which to sided spearheads, of slate or soapstone. make clothing, moccasins, tents, and Then there are many "pecking Stones" other necessities, sewn with strips of of extra hard rock, fitted to the hand rawhide. Barbs for fish-hooks made of grasp, with well defined pecking end, spikes of sharp-pointed hard bone are for modelling granite or other stone tools; quite numerous, corresponding with the some large grooved stones, probably same type of codfish hooks still used by battle axes; large wedge-shaped chisels, Esquimaux. for log splitting, probably; many so-called Occasionally a fine long spear head is "scrapers" with curved sharp edge, for found, made of bone, sharp at the point removing fleshy inside of hides before and notched along the side by barbs, working up the hairy leather; some with a hole at the upper end in which to large smooth stones for crushing maize, or tie a string when the head detaches from whole Indian corn, making both flour and the shaft of the spear as the seal or salmon "samp" when separated; one half of a is struck. Occasional fragments of a stone pipe bowl found in a shell heap on comb made of bone are found, such as Frenchman's Bay by Mr. Wood, near may be found in early Egyptian tombs, another perfect one found by another one excellent such piece being in the searcher and given elsewhere. loan collection of Dwight Blaney. His This suggested to me a search of collection also includes the bones of a many museums for evidence of tobacco "great auk", now extinct. used in the Stone Age in our country but not elsewhere. It is improbable Perishable Structure and Preserva- that specimens of fine Stone Age Indian tion pipes will be found in our vicinity as they It may be asked: Why have these are rarely found in the northeast, but perishable structures heen preserved in were used extensively south and west of shell heaps when they would have disin- the coast. tegrated centuries ago if buried in earth. I have made a number of colored illus- As yet, science and history have to leave trations, therefore, selected from hun- some facts to conjceture; and the two dreds in the National Museum and else- that confront us are: Why the Shell where, and placed them beside our pipe Heaps and Why the Preserving Effect. bowl, to show the evolution of the tobacco Speculating somewhat on the latter, we pipe in America and demonstrating the must recognize the preservative action of origin of tobacco plant growth on this carbonic acid gas and absence of oxygen, continent. They are mostly from Vir- as present in the enormous accumulation ginia and neighboring states. of carbonate of line shells, holding the The proof of tobacco being a contribu- life-destroying carbon dioxide gas as a tion to the world's social life is sanc- sponge holds water. The shell heaps tioned by the descriptive statement in have everywhere layers of charcoal, the Government Museum, accompanying remnants of fire, mixed with oyster its large Stone Age pipe exhibit, a copy of shells. Were these the evidence of an- which is placed beside our lone pipe. It nual tribal feasting or was there an oys- is probable that other stone pipe bowls ter industry, with a constant factory- will be found here and added to this working system? The latter conjecture collection later. has for its foundation, a survival among The Stone Age civilization is not later tribes, illustrated in the Peabody without other evidence than implements Musuem by a string of forty oysters of war and agriculture found only in shell secured on three fine sticks used as skew- heaps. Implements of sharp edged bea- ers, which were slowly dried and smoked, ver teeth, ornaments of bear and deer probably over a low grill of twigs under- teeth, beside well-preserved bones of laid by embers and bark or green wood for smoke. These we have illustrated by a in shell heaps, often broken into bits an water-color sketch of the same size and inch or two in size. These should be color as the museum specimens. kept in separate groups when found, SO Mr. Skinner, an authority on such as to aid in the restoration of complete matters, speaks of marauding tribes of pots. Iroquois, "demanding tribute of dried The quality of clay and decorations oysters and wampum." are a good guide to the museum worker. It seems probable that industries and Fragments of the rim are of special value arsenals were not unknown to this primi- in deciding the size and use of the vessel. tive people. This is illustrated by the Every fragment, however insignificant, great refuse heaps of flint in Rock Creek should be brought to the Museum or Park, in Washington, and of a huge Park office in Bar Harbor for study. arsenal of Stone Age finished war axes The Lafayette National Park collec- and flints to the number of 4,000 pieces tion is growing steadily, due to the great recently found near Manchester, England. interest taken by the boy scouts and It is interesting to have a reasonable other friends, as well as by additions from explanation for the preservation of bone the homes of native families who are be- and deerhorn specimens found with coming familiar with what the museum stone implements, which might otherwise will mean to an understanding of this challenge the evidence of their coincident fascinating topic. antiquity. The large number of in- It is intended never to enlarge the teresting specimens made of bone and scope of this collection beyond a demon- deer antlers is of great interest. It stration of the purely local Stone Age includes several so-called "flickers", a findings in the Park precincts. At piece of the spongy deer antler shaped to present I have regarded all articles as a be grasped by the right hand with the sacred "loan" to this collection until we smaller end bevelled like the end of one's can safely house it in a small, well-de- thumb and used to press against the signed, fireproof building, appropriately roughly modelled flint arrow or spear placed, where all can enjoy it, and as- head, held in the left hand, and thus sociated with a collection of relief maps flicking off small chips of flint, leaving a and others giving charm to the study. sharp cutting edge, keen as that of The entire scheme will never be allowed broken glass. to grow beyond the space of one large room, planned for comfort and education- Pottery al effect, in the Lafayette National Park The Algonkin race did not excel in interest. fine pottery as the Indians of the south As the original properties composing and west did, but had a simpler type the Park were transferred to the Govern- than even the Iroquois of upper New ment by gifts of many far-sighted lovers York, some of whose pottery has been of this region, it is hoped that our own found in Algonkin graves and shell generation of summer and winter resi- heaps, believed to have been brought by dents will aid in helping the writer to barter or maurauding expeditions. complete this engaging scheme. Fragments in large number are found ROBERT ABBE. This is a true copy of a fan Hills n.f. portion of a letter to me from Mrs.Ladd Robutebbe Feb 11. 1927. repeating a promise 40 WEST FIFTY-NINTH STREET volunteered to me during a social visit atherBarttambon home The blue prints have funt arrived + I am mailing item to walter. He love blue prints, t is you Run a real architect himself I am thrilled by them it seems to me very perfect + I want you to let me Rum whenever you are ready for the 40.000 I spoke of last summer, the remander of dear anties fortune. Walter says he must Run a few months ahead as he Reeps everything invested up to date, but you have my promise of it + it gives me great pleasure to send it to Something he and both interested in Hate ll. Ladd. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK BAR HARBOR, MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT April 8, 1927. Dear Dr. Abbe: Mr. Gilchrist will, I hope, have seen you yesterday morning, for such was his plan, and have given you his own account of his visit. He met me, as planned, on Sunday evening at the station in Boston and spent two full and profitable days with me here in which much ground was covered. The site we had in mind, on the right of the entrance to the Spring, he decided was too big for what is planned, dwarfing the building. I then showed him the one under the mountain which I had had earlier in mind and this he found ideal and felt that he could design a most attractive building for it. Looking the land over with him, I agreed entirely. By bringing it closer, also, into the Spring's vicinity the problem of its admini stration will be greatly simplified. A short flagged walk will lead to it across the lawn, and seen through a fringe of trees it will have just the suggestion of seclusion which will carry out, I think, your aim. The space is one I cleared with another purpose seven or eight years ago, opening a view to the cliff on the west and taking out the trees SO as to leave a. good growth of hemlocks and birches framing it around. The opening, which is roughly circular, is just of size for rightly framing a building such as planned, which would also have full light and show its beauty on all sides. The material which Mr. Gilchrist selected, after seeing everything that could be shown him, is a granite of a pale pink tinge of very pleasant tone, neither cold nor yet too strong in color, which we can get from a quarry in the Park off the new motor road, for use on which it has been opened. The roof Mr. Gilchrist would like to make of tile such as Egisto Fabbri selected for the neighboring spring octagon building and which were originally sent out for it from Italy but which, when repair was necessary owing to faulty construc- DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK BAR HARBOR, MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT 2. tion, Mr Whitaker, who did that work for me, had made at the brickyard near Bangor, at quite reasonable cost. Mr. Gilchrist went with me to your house and saw with great interest such portion of the collection which Robbins had on view, together with your map. He saw also everything I thought it might be useful for him to see in the way of new or earlier construction. He understands the need of making his plan without delay, and I believe that he will do it well and with right feeling. I showed the paper -- the extract from the letter -- you gave me to bring, to Mr. Lynam, who has put it in his safe. He tells me that in the event of the death of the writer it would not be of legal effect, though convincing as to intention. So before actually commencing construction, after the plan is finished it will be wise to wait till something putting the matter on a safe legal basis is secured. Ending in haste for a closing mail, I am Yours sincerely, rung R was DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR may good NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK 1927 BAR.HARBOR, MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT Wear as abbe, Than talked with Hany Lynam He says the Cheel, should, without question, be but tudge Weady, who as treasurer, is onlonly provin who Can receipt for it and deposit's since it u drawn to th ordin of the Corbination- Else it must umain Uml- cashed, N would be liable in Can of the decrease of the donor the held of until 2 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK BAR HARBOR, MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT the state was settled_ He says there with be no difficulty hi keeping the gift r Which fudge Drawy in position being president of the B.H. Banking v/sust Company - Think the tape way will befor you to mail d registered ta. H. Lynew, who will venift for it Whold it h his Safe until fudge wary, should he be about, come Bar Haum Van late charge fit as treasurer deposit it, 2 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK BAR HARBOR, MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT the state was Lettled_ He says there will bu no difficulty in keeping the gift r the deposit private Which Judge Newy h position being president of the B.H. Banking v/rus. Company - the lafe way will be for you to mail it, registered fa. H. Lynam, who will veightfor it Whold it W his Safe until judy was should lu be absent, come Bar Harm Van late change fit as treatures a deposit it, 3 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK BAR HARBOR. MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT Which lath - the depositing the Cheek had best be done av form as it Con- benimity Can, because till them it is a liability only again t the estate of the down, not th hossessin of the Lynaw 4 Japu than I to Lend it $ because he is fure of h onhand & receive it, because he has a Safe W Which place it, [will Lujudge Drasy as he Conner you- 4 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK BAR HARBOR, MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT This also is what Mr Ladd will effect N desir to bu dom Mc waited before till the Cerbination was Constituted judge Neary made to travel able legally for the Chief Aull hemill not wish it, also, fremain Out standing to that in that riquite Would ful a dream Com true. . ! Than the photostate whill fourded an directed The plan Dems of celleat, 4 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK BAR HARBOR. MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT This also is what Mr Ladd will effect desin to be don Me waited before till the Certification was Constituted judge arey made its hasult able freent legally for the check Aull hemill not wish it, also, tremain Outstanding to that is that ruquiti Would ful - true. / Than the photostate, Whill froural an directed The plan Demon of celleat, 5 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK BAR HARBOR. MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT well fuited to bath Lite stitting When you ham them, I would like fu his designs for thinterer ranangement of Whibit Infust issuedial is that the plan fuit yni them that it Shall fuit the plan r background the ex- term / you needs, within The Chosen material, gramite unit warm tom which Selected was unit Could nother bettered And the 2007 material h the Saunda deaton the Stray relaym whou Original was Laut for 11 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK BAR HARBOR, MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT from Italy but Which 1gt made for My refair at the build youth hear Rayer Is lite material Seem adminably Lettled x the pla 4 M its way- Rut the Internet ananyma for exhibits the light etc., all need campal study, Farchitect do but When clients lake an interest Rust have Gilchist um On to you you and tall they or as the plan program Hi with do the bittf for it! 11 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 6 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK BAR HARBOR. MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT from Italy but Which rist made for My refan at but youth hear Bangor Is lite material Seem adminably Lettled x the pla in its way- Rut the When ananyma for exhibit the highly etc., all need camful study, Farchitect do best When clients take an interes Rut have Gilchist um On to su you and tall they bus as the plan programs- He with do the betteff it! SUPREME JUDICIAL COURT STATE OF MAINE LUERE B.DEASY ASSOCIATE JUSTICE BAR HARBOR Ellsworth, Maine, May 7th 1927. Dr. Robert Abbe 40 West 50th Street, New York, N. Y. My dear Doctor:- I have received yours with the princely donation of Mr. and Mrs. Ladd. I will deposit the same with the drawee bank as you suggest. Shall I send formal acknowledgement to the donors, or have you attended to that ? I am not sure that I have their address. Very truly, ? bear In have had a courham letter from judge orange dount thank a formal acknowledgement neurous the - the usual tohand Le dent time at 3, Nassantant, Room d611, new Month atz Spouse that informating last law rished Handed refends from has Nm. Ladd Rull 40 WEST FIFTY-NINTH STREET My Dear the Deasy check from Marmes Walter Y. Ladd your acknowledgment of the I have just sent to m L. at their home "Far Hills, , newfersey" His business Secretary telephoned me a week ago- Enquiring if I had deposited it as he wished to fix his ledger up to date. to send his office a line of acknowledge If it will not trouble you - ment- I think they would would appreciate it- as Mr. Ladd has been rarely at his office oflate. The address is M. macter G. Ladd office 31 Massan st NewYork Sincerely your Monday May 9.127 EDWIN G.MERRILL. PRESIDENT BANKING DEPARTMENT TRUST DEPARTMENT L.F.KIESEWETTER, VICE-PREST JOSEPH ANDREWS,VICE-PREST. HENRY PARISH, VICE-PREST ZEGER W.VAN ZELM, VICE-PREST ROBERT E.MILLER,VICE-PREST FRED'K.C.METZ,JR.VICE-PREST J.LOUIS VANZELM, VICE-PRES'T JOHN C. VEDDER, VICE-PREST CHARLES ELDREDGE,VICE-PRES'T GEORGE S. BUTLER. ASS'T VICE-PREST LINZEE BLAGDEN.VICE-PRES'T ARTHURF.ALBRO TREASURER A.J. PURDY, SECRETARY Bankot New York and Trust Company CONSOLIDATION OF THE BANK OF NEW YORK NetoWork Life Insurance and Trust Company ESTABLISHED 1784 ESTABLISHED 1830 TEMPORARY ADDRESS CABLE OR WIRELESS ADDRESSES BANKING DEPARTMENT"BANKONE TRUST DEPARTMENT "LIFETRUST 76 WILLIAM STREET, NEW YORK May 9, 1927. Mr. L. B. Deasy, Treasurer, Lafayette National Park Museum of Stone Age Antiquities, Bar Harbor, Maine. Dear Sir: We are in receipt of your letter of May 7th enclosing check for $40,000 drawn by Kate in. Ladd on us, which we have used to open an account in the name of the Lafayette National Park Museum of Stone Age Antiquities. We shall be glad to allow interest at the rate of 21% per annum on this account if you will give us the usual thirty days' notice before drawing checks against this account; otherwise we will have to treat this as a de- mand deposit, and then can only allow you interest at 2% per annum under the rules of the New York Clearing House Association, of which we are a member. We enclose & card upon which we should be glad to have you furnish us with the signatures of those authorized to draw against the account, together with the necessary papers giving them this authority. We are also sending under separate cover 3. small check book for your use. Very truly yours, a Fallr Treasurer. May 20, 1927. George B. Dorr, Esq., Bar Harbor, Maine. Dear Mr. Dorr: On thinking over the drawings for Dr. Abbe's museum building, near the Sieur de Monts Spring, two or three points occur to me as important. The fact that the new building will be seen in connection with the Spring House makes it important that the two should be at any rate harmonious if not alike. Would you think it advisable to omit the two wings of the building, leaving it an octagon and arranging for a separate room for a workroom elsewhere and nearby ? There is also a question in my mind as to whether so flat a roof as the one shown on the drawing could be made tight and whether, if this were physically possible, it would still be harmonious with the Spring House outline. It also seems to me that the suggestion to omit the cupola on top of the building is an excellent one and also possibly to add to the size of the windows. The construction promises to be interesting and it is so import- ant that it is thoroughly worth while to make it as good as humanly possible. With best regards. Yours very sincerely, Beasing feward Edmund Gilchrist, Architect Book capules 1618 Latimer - Street, Philadelphia pp. 198-201 June 15th, 1927. Dr. Robert Abbe, 40 West 59th Street, New York, N. Y. My dear Dr. Abbe: I have been giving considerable thought to the question of the cupola for the Museum and my final thought is that it would be a great mistake and a loss of one of the principal "seasonings" of the building not to have it very much as my drawings show it. Furthermore, I feel with Mr. Shea that it is most necessary to ventilate the attic space above the ceiling of the room, so that no moisture will form in this space and ruin the ceiling below. What I should like to do, if you will permit me is to have this cupola very much in design as it is, but making it some what lower and smaller. In order to convey to you my visual- ization of this feature of the design I am sending you to-day a book of illustrations and I ask that you look at the pictures on Pages 198 and 201 very carefully and then let me know if your feeling regarding the cupola has not become a more pleasant one. We in the office all feel its necessity very strongly and that no "device" or ornament would be as adequate or satisfying nor as purposeful. I am delighted to hear that work has actually started on the building and I have to-day communicated to Mr. Shea all the information and prices just received concerning the tile roof. This I am extremely happy about and the price I have received is materially less than Mr. Shea had allowed in his estimate. May I ask that as soon a.s you have finished with the book I am sending you someone return it to me as it happens to be a volume that I personally do not own. With my very kindest regards and best wishes for your health and happiness in your lovely summer home, I am, Most cordially yours, EBG:F Edmund B. Gilchinet Saturday DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK Jusic 10 BAR HARBOR, MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT 927 Wear is abbe, I have you lettus rd get you telepram. Shea her pirt been to the Site airt me X Stacts 12th long Oa Monday- He / form datu roch from th grout file W my quany / which unit cat litter lu labn, got out, r nothing fisider Tracter n drag will take the matered DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK BAR HARBOR. MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT h from the road across the lawn, ready N quickly as it'in required Mr Wm will take Chay of this, , of the dizzing A the formation dring all fromin will good progun should made- Newy Today He will Du gitten a meeting Calber of du director his payment makes DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK BAR HARBOR, MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT ltia lovely here your, unit all th frost young green / the flower Dhrub, plants in free somehain Mark Bread you Coming- Edmund B. Gilchrist, Architect 1618 Lutimer Street, Philadelphia June 11th, 1927. Mr. George B. Dorr, Bar Harbor, Maine. My dear Mr. Dorr: On Thursday I had a most satisfactory visit with Dr. Abbe and imagine that he has communicated with you by now con- cerning the question of authorizing the work on the Museum to proceed. I enclose a copy of a letter sent to-day to Dr. Abbe which will tell you how delighted I was to find, after considerable shopping, such beautiful tiles for the roof. As soon as I have the estimate for this roof material I shall get in touch with Mr. Shea concerning it as the tile company strongly recommends that they send a man down from Boston to set these tiles in order that the work may be perfectly done and their guarantee absolutely binding. I feel that there is no question but that Mr. Shea's estimate of $25,520.00 is more than ample and that as the work pro- gresses we can see how to keep the cost well within this sum. To-morrow I shall be able to send Mr. Shea estimates for the remaining two items that he felt some doubt about in his make up, - namely the limestone work and the metal sash. Therefore all seems to be well in hand. Dr. Abbe suggested to me on Thursday that my bill for services and traveling expenses to date be sent to you with the idea that you will turn it over to the treasurer. This bill, which is in conformity with the American Institute of Architects' schedule of minimum charges and upon which basis Dr. Abbe and I agreed some time ago, is enclosed. Thanking you very warmly indeed for your kind hospi- tality of last Monday I am, with most cordial regards, Very sincerely yours, EBG:F DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK BAR HARBOR, MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT June 8, 1927. Dear Dr. Abbe: I had an interesting and wholly satisfactory morning and afternoon with Mr. Gilchrist Tuesday, after which Mr. Hadley drove him over to supper and to spend the night at Southwest Harbor and go to Islesford in the morning. He returns tonight, direct from Southwest Harbor. I did not understand that one of the projections from the octagon forms in his plan the entrance to the building, and therefore could not see the building rightly oriented to the approach and Spring but as soon as I saw the plan that he brought and saw it staked upon the site it all was clear and I approved it warmly. In fact, the relation between the plan and site seems to me ideal and that the building planned, given its proper setting in that site, will be a gem. I am entirely satisfied, and SO I think was he. Charles Shea, the builder and mason who has been doing the principal work down here this spring and whom I think highly of as capable, intelligent and straight, went over every- thing with Mr. Gilchrist in detail and is to render him an esti- mate. He also saw Whitaker, the carpenter and builder, who is, I think, the most resourceful of the master carpenters here and who rebuilt the Spring octagon roof for me two years ago, con- cerning what wood-work the building has, though there is but little and the building as planned seems virtually fireproof. Everything appears in order to go ahead and have the building done before you leave this autumn. Mr. Gilchrist will go into details with you, when be sees you, 2.0 he plans to do, on his way through New York. All the work that Shea has done this year on the Potter Palmer house, for the Hamiltons and others -- has been done not on contract but on a cost plus basis, and in all cases but one be he come out inside his estimate, and in that case the excess was slight and had special cause. He advises working on that basis now, which I think is wholly safe under the conditions of the job, and if safe, preferable, saving to the museum what the contractor would need to estimate in excess to guard against 2. contingencies, and giving the advantage of altering and im- proving on the plan in detail as the work proceeds, which I think a great one. It might also enable me to assist in the work with Park equipment not otherwise in use, a nd would enable better care to be taken, where great care is needed, of the grounds about the Spring over which material will need to be transported. But a 11 this, too, Mr. Gilchrist will talk over with you. Affectionately, The Eyrie Seal Harbor, Maine September 15th, 1927. Dear Dr. Abbe:- Your several letters in regard to the museum, in which you are so deeply interested, have received my careful attention. I well remember the delightful hour I spent with you a year ago looking over your treasures. That the realization of your dream for the appropriate housing of these records of an ancient civi- lization is well under way must give you the utmost satisfaction. Because of all you have done for the advancement of medical science and for the relief of suffering during a long, highly useful and most unselfish life, as well as because of the value of the enterprise itself, I am happy to have a part in financing it. Since Dr. Cornelius Woelfkin, who, as you know, is bearing so heroically and uncomplainingly the ravages of the sinister disease which has laid hold upon him, has always regard- ed you as one of his dearest and warmest friends, to whom he feels he owes a heavy debt of gratitude, I should like to con- tribute $5,000 to your enterprise in his name. To this I shall be happy to add a contribution of $10,000 in my own name. Shall checks for these gifts be sent to the treasurer or to you ? With congratulations upon the extraordinary piece of work which you have done in these later years, and in the hope that you may live not only to see the building completed and the collection housed in it, but to direct its operation and to lend the inspiration of your own personal interest to its further development, I am Very sincerely, John I Rockifiller Dr. Robert Abbe Bar Harbor, Maine H S Architect Edmund G. Gilchrist Philadelphia, Pa. Builder Shea Brothers over Bar Harbor, Maine. Carpenter E. K. Whitaker, Bar Harbor, Maine. Electrician Lymburner Electric Company Bar Harbor, Maine. c2 THE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK MUSEUM OF THE STONE AGE PERIOD TRUSTEES OFFICERS ROBERT ABBE WILLIAM C. ENDICOTT LUERE B. DEASY PRESIDENT GEORGE B. DORR LUERE B. DEASY WILLIAM C. ENDICOTT TREASURER A. ATWATER KENT WILLIAM LAWRENCE DAVE HENNEN MORRIS CHARLES H. WOOD Lept. sky BAR HARBOR, MAINE Dear Mrs. Dunham Your tender and channing letter brings bach memories of Past way when Ims abbe loved to Call on you for long and Earnest and looked forward to Calls 1 and when 1 sat at doctor Dhunhams feet It pleases me to know that hey part four years of En forced quiet- - have left me free to accomplish a new work which is to be of use and beauty to our whole island. Nut Summer I will have installed in ournewmusum a unique collection of maps and stone implements which I hat to s how you - and which you have Thanks helped me to perfect accept try devoted - It 20 a torrow to hearthat your loved daughter has not been well. with Warm remembered to her & Control Thanks to RobertAble INDIAN RELICS FOUND IN MAINE New York Times (1857-Current file); Sep 2, 1928; ProQuest Historical Newspapers The New York Times INDIAN RELICS FOUND IN MAINE BAR HARBOR. S EARCH in a West Gouldsboro (Me.) shell heap has brought a rich reward. Recently Dr. Warren King Moorehead of An- dover and his party of excavators found 518 artifacts, objects that will make an important addition to: the Dr: Robert Abbe: Memorial Museum at Sieur de Monts Spring, Lafayette National Park. Not since 1914 has so large a number of Indian tools been recovered from one site, Dr. Moorehead says. "The trip to Gouldsboro was made in the Lafayette National Park boat, for George B. 'Dorr, Supérintendent of the Park, is cooperating by fur- rishing water transportation to In- dian Farchaeologists who want to reach remote places. I The articles found included har- poons, awls, needles, hatchets, flint knives, spears and bone orinaments. Several long; double-pointed bones, worked down until they are about one-third of an inch in diameter are suggestive of hair pins; and looking at these objects one may imagine a time when some prehistoric Indian maiden used them in her hair. Charles H. Wood of Bar Harbor and his brother, Fletcher T. Wood of West Gouldsboro, have long been in- terested in Indian relics, and half a dozen years ago, when Dr. Robert Abbe began to assemble the collec- tion that is now at the museum, the Wood brothers were close to him in his work, giving many articles and lending others. This Summer when Dr. Moorehead came down to take charge of the museum and to make investigations in Lafayette National Park, on Mount Desert Island and in various environs, the Wood brothers offered to cooperate with him. Dr. Moore- head obtained permission from James A. Hill to dig upon his land, where the Woods had previously lo- cated an ancient Indian village or kitchen midden. Near this site is a large brook which drains a fresh water pond. There salmon, alewives and other fish go to spawn. The setting for an Indian village is a remarkably fine one, for in addition to the fresh water, large clam flats extend in two directions. The collection. will be added to the museum cases within a few days under the direction of Walter B. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without permission Smith of Bangor, a prominent arch- aeologist. Mr. Smith has long made a study of Indian relics and has been working under Dr. Moorehead all Summer. Both he and Dr. Moore- head say that this collection of objects constitutes, especially the harpoons, bone handles for ancient knives and other tools, one of the most important series found in this State. The collection includes several moose horn tips and sections of horns which had been fashioned into implements by the Indians. Stone fireplaces were uncovered at two places and there were indications of layers of occupation, the heap hav- ing been abandoned for years and then revisited by the Indians. West Gouldsboro is opposite Mount Desert Island on the mainland and is a busy little town in Summer. There was no lack of help as soon as the unearthing began and the finds began to. come. In spite of intense heat there were six volunteer dig- gers, three of them women. Dr. Moorehead and Mr. Smith are still hoping that an. Indian ceme- tery . may be unearthed. There are many sites on Mount Desert Island which might have been places of In- dian residence in the centuries be- fore Champlain sailed down in 1604 and named the island L'Isle de Monts Desert, the Island of the Wild and Desert Hills. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without permission. AIMS. This Museum is unique in that its sole Aim is to collect and preserve local material found on and about Mount Desert Island. "Introducing the collection of Stone Age Implements, Lafayette National Park will stand for the epitome of the beauty and wonder of nature on the Eastern Continental coast; but the complete drama of its history will be lacking in interest after its geology and con- summate beauty of living things have been studied; if we do not gather together and consecrate in a Museum these Stone Age implements of agriculture and war which have been the indestructible evidence of a vanished race. In working out this problem of exhibiting only one limited phase of the antiquity of the Stone Age; I have consistently set a goal - never to enlarge this collection into a general museum but fix indelibly a fact of incontrovertible history on the minds of the large and rapidly growing travelling public. My Aim has been to create a permanent classic "one show" historic incident in the path of the "madding crowd" and to make it as perfect as possible. Large museums covering all archaeology repel the usual visitor by consuming too much time and bringing on fatigue, while one phase of archeology with ample labels and guiding maps is a joy and leaves a lasting memory; and so we must construct from a few speci- mens the history of the past. The Smaller the number of verified and classic specimens, the more value it will be educationally. Beside this collection of Stone and bone implements appropriate relief maps illustrate within narrow limits, the prehistoric civil- ization as spread over the occupied parts of the world and especially as found within the precincts of Lafayette National Park. " Robert Abbe Edmund B. Gilchrist, Architect 1618 Latimer Street, Philadelphia November 7th, 1927. Dr. Robert Abbe, 40 West 59th Street, New York, N. Y. My dear Dr. Abbe: Due to the terrible weather in New England during the latter part of the past week my trip home from Bar Harbor was somewhat delayed so that I had to hurry back to my office without stopping off at New York. However I shall be in New York very shortly and will come in to see you. The museum is a great satisfaction to me. I would say that it has not only turned out well from the point of view of design and commodity but it has also been extremely durably and neatly built. I went over the question of the cases that you have selected very carefully and feel that they will be quite satisfactory. The positions you have decided upon for the relief maps should be very good as I made a large frame about the size of one of these maps and stretched a piece of crumpled paper over it holding this in the proposed position at the side of the window with the result that the wrinkles in the paper were thrown into strong relief by the glancing light. This effect was lost when the frame was moved straight back to the wall. Although the case that you are planning to have in the middle of the room may look very well I do feel that an octagon or even square one would be much better. Could this possibly be arranged? As you have doubtless heard from Mr. Dorr, his 6BD engineer has strongly recommended placing four electrical heat units in the diagonal faces of the walls under the window sills. There is no doubt but that a little heat in the building from time to time through the winter would be a very good thing to have, consequently I went into the matter of these heat units and the grilles to cover them with the engineer so that their installation would be handled as attractively as possible. The grilles covering these electrical heat units will be about twenty inches square, flush with the wall and painted the color of the wall. These should not detract from the appearance of the room at all. Dr. Robert Abbe. - 2 - 11-7-27. The men to lay the tile roof were expected in Bar Harbor the day following my visit and Mr. Whittaker was expecting to start work on the vaulted ceiling immediately. I saw and approved a very nice sample for the exterior rough casting of the building and left sufficient information regarding the interior plastering for that work to be finished without further word from me. Looking forward to the pleasure of seeing you very soon, I am Very cordially yours, EBG:F Edmund B. Cilluist THE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK MUSEUM OF THE STONE AGE PERIOD TRUSTEES OFFICERS ROBERT ABBE WILLIAM C. ENDICOTT LUERE B. DEASY PRESIDENT GEORGE B. DORR WILLIAM c. ENDICOTT LUERE B. DEASY A. ATWATER KENT TREASURER WILLIAM LAWRENCE DAVE HENNEN MORRIS 2 CHARLES H. WOOD Heep fn Mrs, int the a sant BAR 40 ws9- HARBOR, MAINE Fuby 29- my my dear Mrs Ladd 1928 my first hester in several weeks most m portant Laf. Nat Park M ureum. . I have just finished - It pertained to and the Eng agained of Prof mounehead, the finest research worker in Mame archeolay who will help me this Slimmerm my work shall have umpalched help-to the all is well in my plan and with I his helpers will do for me what no one Else can do to make our beautiful Schen work out. I shall pay all his summer expenses - less than 5000. and as I am less anxious to rush the opening than To give is x distinction - Our Committee all desire me to carry out this Scheme ourbeautiful dream will be finder finer. This is the first letter I have pannel in many Weeks - Is it not a glorious filling to dream of Brook End again always Sincere In Robertsbide DR. ROBERT ABBE, SURGEON, DIES AT 77 New York Times 1857-Current: Mar 8, 1928; ProQuest Historical Newspapers The New York Times pg. 25 DR. ROBERT ABBE, SURGEON, DIES AT 77 Was First in America to Use Radium in Treating Cancer- Retired Five Years Ago. A FRIEND OF MME. CURIE Helped Raise $100,000 for Her Here -Was Collector of Stone-Age Relics and Medical Mementos. Dr. Robert Abbe, the first surgeon in America to substitute radium treatment for the knife in the treat- ment of cancer cases, died yesterday morning at his home, 40 West Fifty- ninth Street, of aplastic anemia. He was 77 years old. Surviving him is Miss H. C. Abbe, a sister, of 5 East Eighty-second Street. Dr. Abbe's death came five years after he had retired from active practice and a month before a sched- uled visit of Mme. Marie Curie, dis- DR. ROBERT ABBE, Noted Surgeon Who Died Yesterday at the Age of 77. coverer of radium, to this country. It was Dr. Abbe who brought two small tubes of radium from Mme. Curie's laboratory to New York and made the first treatments of cancer Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without permission and tumors by radio-activity in the United States. Mme. Curie had ex- pressed a desire to see Dr. Abbe im- mediately upon her arrival in New York. Wrote Book on Mme. Curie. Not only did Dr. Abbe put the dis- coveries in radio-activity of Mme. Curie and her husband, Pierre Curie, to their first uses in America, but he wrote a book called "Mme. Curie" in which he recounted how the Pol- ish-French woman discovered the substance which made her famous. But cancer and radium were not Dr. Abbe's only interests. He was surgeon to St. Luke's Hospital in New York from 1884 on, and though the normal age of retirement for a physician is 60 he remained in ac- tive service until he was 72. Even then he was not officially retired, but retained his title as surgeon to St. Luke's up to his death. When Dr. Abbe retired he became interested in the Stone Age. His home in Bar Harbor, Me., was filled with stone axes, shards. and other implements or remains O. im- plements dug up from neolithic and paleolithic strata, and he was plan- ning to move up his collections this Summer to a building in the Lafay- ette National Park on Mount Desert Island. This building is called the Lafayette National Park Museum of the Stone Age. Dr. Abbe will stock it posthumously. Collected Medical Mementos. Another gift to posterity of Dr. Abbe is the cabinet which contains mementos of Rush, Jenner, Pasteur, Lister and Curic in the College of Physicians of Philadelphia. Dr. Abbe got together the collection, which in- cludes the watch of Dr. Benjamin Rush, a signer of the Declaration of Independence; an inkstand of Ed- ward Jenner, who developed the prin- ciple of cowpox vaccination against smallpox; a case of surgical instru- ments used by Joseph Lister. father of antiseptic surgery; a model of a crystal made by Louis Pasteur, and an instrument devised by Prc fessor Pierre and Mme. Curie to determine the strength of electron discharge from radium. Dr. William W. Keen of Philadelphia is custodian of this cabinet. Dr. Abbe was instrumental in col- lecting $100,000 to buy radium for Mme. Curie, so that she might carry on with her discoveries. He was graduated from the College of Phy- sicians and Surgeons, Columbia, in 1874. His father was George Waldo Abbe; his mother, Charlotte Colgate Abbe. In 1891 he married Mrs. Cath- erine Amory Palmer of New York, who died in 1920. There are no children. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission 26 Broadway New York October 8th, 1928. Dear Sir: Mr Rockefeller, Jr., who has been in the office only a day or two since his return from Maine, asks me to thank you for your letter advising him of his election to membership in the Lafayette National Park Museum of Stone Age Antiquities Corporation. Mr Rockefeller greatly appreciates the desire of the members of the corporation to elect him to membership. For many years Mr Rockefeller has found it necessary to decline practically without exception, elections to boards and committees. To this policy it seems increasingly desirable for him to adhere since he finds himself more and more overburdened with the duties and responsibilities which are upon him. Therefore, while thorough- ly in sympathy with the work the corporation is doing, much to his regret, Mr Rockefeller feels that he must deprive himself of personal association in the enterprise with the gentlemen of the corporation. Very truly, Nom Adams Mr Serenus B Rodick, Secretary Lafayette National Park Museum of Stone Age Antiquities Corp., Bar Harbor, Maine. DAN MARBUR MAINE, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 1, 1928 0 DEDICATE ABBE graves out of the grand total of four The tools and ornaments are all of hundred and fortv. It must be re- stone. There is no evidence of the membered that nearly all the graves are USEUM AUGUST 14 smoking custom, of pottery, grooved. in gravel, sand or very light and porous axes or bone implements, common on the soil. Therefore, the water percolates later Algonkin sites. There are eight and leaves the bones dry. Furthermore, persistent types which occur in these Asked to Attend Exercises--Dr. many of the stone implements found with graves. Two of these, the plummet and Moorehead Tells of Search for the burials have begun to weather, and stone hatchet occurs elsewhere through- Indian Relics Here in not a few instances to disintegrate. out the country. Red Paint also is fre- Three Cultures in Maine quently found in Indian graves. But Preparations for the opening of the Dr. Dr. Moorehead, speaking of Maine now: ere else in the United States save in be Memorial Museum of Stone Age graves and cultures, says: central and southern Maine are found tiquities at Sieur de Monts Spring are "So far as can be determined there are these eight persistent types characteristic y nearly complete. The collections, three Indian cultures in the State of of the Red Paint People culture. This V in place, are showing up beautifully Maine; first, the historic Indian period, people were not in existence at the time of the fine cases just set up by men from or occupation; second, early archaic first voyagers along the coast. We Rand Kardex Company in Boston, Algonkin; third, the prehistoric Red do not know their language. Their ob- 0 have just completed their work. The Paint People culture. jects are not truly Eskimoan in character, lication takes place on August 14. "Of the various tribes belonging to the and yet they closely approach early three in the afternoon and everyone eastern Algonkin culture, we need say Eskimoan than Algonkin. sked to attend the outdoor exercises. nothing, as they have been fully de- The stone gouges are frequently beau- l'here are now, in the Museum at the scribed by Champlain, Parkman, Syl- tifully made and highly specialized. ing, some 3,000 objects. vester and many other explorers and Delicate spears or lances of slate some- Dr. Robert Abbe, founder of the Muse- writers. The customs and life of these times fifteen inches in length and so had made a relief map of Mt. Desert people of the historic period have been slender that we cannot conceive how they and and upon this it is proposed to fully studied by Speck and -various could have been used, have been taken er the more important shell heaps ethnologists. from the graves. It has been suggested 1 Indian village sites. "It is through archaeological re- that these were employed in winter Pernald's Point, now owned by Miss searches-that is, intensive diggings- hunting to kill the moose. ry Wheelwright was mentioned by that we ascertain facts concerning the This summer the explorers have exca- amplain and other early explorers as tribes preceding the historic period. vated numerous shell heaps along the location of a very large Indian village. Just as in Europe, although on a much coast. It is important to place on the is proposed to excavate the shell heap smaller scale, we find on the surface of government map the exact location of all ;hat place next week. Bone harpoons, the ground indications of Indian occupa- Indian sites in southern Maine and at hooks, fragments of pottery and other tion of the past three or four centuries. present there have been recorded some- ects have been picked up on the beach. On the coast, where there are extensive thing like two hundred between Machias Lamoine, just north of Bar Harbor in shell heaps or kitchen-middens we find and Portland. Doubtless there are many ynton's shell heap were found several the bones of three extinct species in the more. nan femura and tibae which had been lower layers. These are the giant mink, Dr. Moorehead has already done some it. This suggested cannibalism, since a seal not known to the first voyagers, excavating in Bluehill and its neighbor- Indians split the large bones of moose and the prehistoric dog." hood, and other expeditions are planned. 1 deer in order to extract the marrow. In speaking of cemeteries, Dr. Moore- Maine Graves Very Old head says that only persistent search is Dr. Moorehead has been asked a great rewarded. He emphasizes the fact that ny questions as to the chances for there are no surface indications, no ding an Indian cemetery and it is mounds or elevations human in origin. atly hoped that excavating in such a It has been estimated that one cemetery ot once found will be prolific of great in 100 places tested is found. ults. Twenty-two cemeteries con- In nearly every grave, there is a very ning four hundred and forty graves large quantity of brilliant red ocher, or ve been opened during the past forty iron oxide. Sometimes this equals a half fifty years. The early excavators did bushel in quantity. It was brought by t make satisfactory observations al- the Indians from Katahdin Iron Works ough some thirty years ago Charles C. where there occurs a large natural out- illoughby, Esq. of Harvard, made very crop of iron ore. So much of this sub- reful explorations at Ellsworth and near stance is found in the cemeteries that cksport. Between 1911 and the pres- archaeologists have concluded that it t time Dr. Moorehead, for Pillips meant more than mere paint to the eter Academy, has examined some Indians. teen or sixteen of these burial places. The graves are from twelve to forty inches below the surface, the average It is conceded by most scientists that being about two feet. From ten or twelve e graves are as old as any in this coun- to as high as a hundred graves have been y, because no fragments of human found in one location. ones have been found except in four (Continued on page 6) BAR HARBOR MAINE. AUGUST 8, 1928 ABBE MÚSEUM TO BE DEDICATED TUESDAY The dedication of the Museum of Stone Age Antiquities, known now as the Dr. Abbe Memorial, at Sieur de Monts Spring, takes place on Tuesday afternoon, August 14th at 3 o'clock. If the weather is in- clement the program will be given on the next pleasant day after Tuesday. The program is to be a very brief one and everyone inter- ested in the beautiful collections of prehistoric life in Maine which Dr. Abbe made during many years is invited to attend. Rt. Rev. Wil- liam Lawrence, Bishop of Massa- chusetts, a lifelong friend of the late Dr. Robert Abbe and one of the Museum board of directors, is to speak as is also Dr. Warren King Moorehead of Andover, Mass., who has started the museum on its career carrying out the wishes of Dr. Abbe as expressed just before his death last spring, and Judge L. B. Deasy of Bar Harbor. Gerald Warburg, the well known cellist, will play. The Museum grounds are being put into fine order and the beauti- ful little building is taking on new beauty in its picturesque sur- roundings, at the foot of Flying Squadron Mountain, as the terraces and paths are shaped up. THE BAR*HARBOR TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JULY 11, 1928 TONE AGE MUSEUM Dr. Abbe first began his study and plans for collections because of his deep In addition to the shell heaps left by and abiding love for Mt. Desert Island, the early Indian, there are refuse heaps OPENS NEXT MONTH his summer home for nearly half a cen- resulting from long camping on one site tury. He went deep into a study of its and the attendant accumulation of bones, very earliest life. His intense interest in discarded implements, etc.; and these r. Moorhead Here to Complete those Indians who inhabited the Island are the remains of the mysterious Red Work Begun by Dr. Abbe--Will when Champlain sailed down from Cana- Paint people. These have been found Have 4,000 Relics of Indian dian waters in September of 1604 near Bluehill and Sullivan and up both and Older Races seemed the great keynote of all he did in the Penobscot and the Kennebec. These that work. Prehistoric life in this part people are apparently allied to the Eski- Work of assembling the cases which of Maine, then, was the great foundation mo. e to hole the collections of the Museum of the magnificent collection SO long The search of the field men under the Stone Age Antiquities, referred to now housed at Brookend and now in the direction of Dr. Moorehead will be to the Dr. Abbe Memorial Museum, at possession of Supt. George B. Dorr of some extent centered on finding old eur de Monts Spring, will be well Lafayette National Park, closely identi- Indian cemeteries which offer a rich derway. Dr. Warren King Moore- fied with Dr. Abbe's work, as Dr. Abbe field to the scientist. Mr. Smith of ad of the Department of Archaeology was with Mr. Dorr's founding of Lafay- Bangor, familiar with the indications of rived in Bar Harbor last Thursday. ette National Park. Indian habitations of ages gone and pos- otoring down ahead of him was Nor- Among many who have generously sesses of unusual knowledge of the lo- ood Eldridge of Penobscot, his assistant given of their own collections there are cality, will give his aid to the work. many expeditions, who will do some several local people, notable among Everywhere, Dr. Moorehead says, is that the exploring here this season. Dr. them being Hon. Charles H. Wood of spirit, the spirit which made Dr. Abbe oorehead hopes to have the formal Bar Harbor and his brother Fletcher T. give time, strength, generous bequest, ening of the Museum not later than Wood. There are amny other local and prior to that a lifetime of endeavor. e latter part of July. Mrs. Moore- people too and these names will appear It is the spirit of giving that a higher on- ad is with him and they have taken when the collections are listed and placed, deavor may go on to success, that all Dr. e Ash cottage on Spring street for the and their interest in Dr. Abbe's work will Abbe's hopes for the Museum may be ason. Mrs. Moorehead will give her never pass from record. realized. sistance in the final arrangement of the Mr. Desert Island people are deeply Island is Rich Field llections in their cases, in the work re- indebted to Rev. Henry E. Dunnack, airing arrangement advice as to placing Dr. Abbe had planned to do some ex- librarian of the State of Maine, who has d lights upon various of the 4,000 or ploring this summer. connection with given to Dr. Moorehead many objects ore wonderful objects which represent the Museum's opening, not only of this of interest for the Museum here, collec- e years of accomplishment in museum shell heaps remaining but in the so-called tion pieces originally given over to the terests of Dr. Abbe's collecting. Red Paint people area, Union River and state by Phillips Adacemy, through Dr. Machias. Dr. Moorehead's summer Is Result of Many Years Labor Moorehead. Walter B. Smith of Ban- Day after day, year after year, Dr. been placed at the disposal of the Museum gor, an eminent geologist and able col- directors on terms which show that his be planned and worked and interested lector of Indian relics, will give some of love for his work is augmented by his hers in his great project. When his this collection and will be here with Dr. alth failed and other duties had to beset eagerniss to further Dr. Abbe's wishes, Moorehead at times during the summer, ide he continued untiringly in the and that profit for himself has never en- asking nothing for his time and work. rk. for the Museum. Through the tered into his plans and calculations. He Contains Bones of Extinct Animals terest of a group of public spirited is ar. explorer whose work is known the The objects to be placed in the Memor- continent over and whose success with his ople familiar with Dr. Abbe's work a ial Museum illustrate all features or rporation was formed last year, the projects is proverbial. Not only the phases of the life of original inhabitants of ilding was planned and built and Dr. directors of the Museum but Mount De- Mt. Desert Island, the Indians here prior be made the plans for the opening in sert Island generally and, more par- to the settlement by Champlain in 1604, e summer of 1928. Dr. Abbe died in ticularly, the host of those people, both or the visits of Sieur de Monts or other e early spring. But with characteris- permanent and summer residents, to earlier explorers. Since several bones of keenness of mind and with clear whom Dr. Abbe's name meant much the walrus have been found in Indian ion he had safeguarded the Museum through the years, are glad to welcome shell heaps or dredged up from the ocean ns. Dr. Abbe's friend and helper, Dr. bed, scientists are now of the opinion Not only had he provided in his will Moore. lead, to the Island. that since the walrus was not known to a gift to the Museum of $25,000, but he the early voyageurs or explorers along Dr. Moorehead is of the opinion that d in the summer of 1927 worked and the Maine coast in historical times, the some of the [most interesting finds will nned with Dr. Warren King Moore- lower layers of these heaps are very old. reward the Dr. Abbe Memorial Museum ad of Andover and one of the last This view is strengthened through find- workers and their efforts will receive able ters which the doctor wrote was one of ing and positive identification by Dr. seconding from many quarters, once it is ree pages to the eminent archaeologist Glover Allen of the Agassiz Museum, of fully started. He believes, too, that tlining his hopes and plans for the three extinct species of the pre-historic the region is rich in possibilities and that mmer. Those hopes in great part will dog (not the modern Indian dog.) results of the work this summer will be realized. Every plan that Dr. Abbe de will be carried out so far as funds This theory is further strengthened by such as to give Mt. Desert Island an mit. While the exploring work can- the finding of bones of the giant mink and even larger place than it now possesses L; be carried out on as wide a scale as of a kind of seal not existent today. on the map of scientific achievements. uld have been the case had Dr. Abbe All these and other things indicate the ed, it is believed that important new importance of this research into the rk can be done and Dr. Moorehead is past. thusiastic over the field which this tion presents to the seeker for relics that past which mean SO much to edu- ion and to science. THE PROVIDENCE JOURNAL BAR HARBOR MAINE, A BAR HARBOR DEDICATION Bar Harbor never saw a more beau- tiful ceremony than the dedication on AUGUST 15, 1928 August 14, of the Stone Age Museum founded and endowed by the late Dr. Robert Abbe and his friends. The building then first thrown open to the THE ABBE MUSEUM public is situated near the Sieur de Monts Spring at the entrance to the IS DEDICATED Lafayette National Park. The ceremony was held in a natural amphitheatre of greensward between the museum and Hundreds Hear Distinguished Speak- the spring. ers and Music at Impressive Ex- The exercises bore the double char- ercises Tuesday Afternoon acter of a dedication and a commemo- ration. The speakers discoursed in turn Several hundred people, representa- on the men of the Stone Age and their tives of the summer and permanent resi- dents, attended the dedication of the abbe Memorial Musrem relation to the Mount Desert region, the nature and cultural significance Dr. Abbe Memorial Museum on Tues- of the relics which they have left, to day afternoon. The program was one RNPMSAA. the preservation and interpretation of of unique interest, lasting but a half which the Abbe Museum is devoted, hour, graceful, finely arranged, a fitting and, lastly, to the rare and beautiful tribute in every word, in every note of character of Dr. Abbe himself. To most music, in every expression of apprecia- of those present the "kindly-earnest," tion, to Dr. Robert Abbe, whose vision intellectual face of the great surgeon and energy throughout many years was present in memory almost more found expression in the beautiful little vividly than the attentive faces about building which now houses the collec- them. Between two of the addresses tions of prehistoric Indian relics in this the strains of Handel's Largo floated part of the country. on the air as if played on an Aeolian Hon. L. B. Deasy, a lifelong friend of harp by the balsam-scented breeze. Dr. Abbe and treasurer of the Museum The situation of the museum under corporation, was the first speaker. He the afternoon shadow of precipitous touched upon the lighter aspects of Flying Squadron Mountain, amid a Indian life compared with ours in witty constellation of shining white birches, and inimitable fashion and then touched with the forest gloom of the ever- upon the more serious side, paying tii- greens just behind them, the velvet bute to Dr. Abbe in an impressive manner. sward in front, the maple grove be- Bishop Lawrence, who presided was yond, and the sunshine sparkling on also one of the speakers and he performed the wooded heights opposite,-in such both duties with simplicity and with a situation, with a service permeated grace. He followed the sentence of dedi- with the memory of a great friendship, cation with a euology of Dr. Abbe which was a remarkable one, despite its brevity. the dedication became almost a sacra- Dr. Warren King Moorehead gave a ment. It closed with the sounding of paper on the archaeological work here in "taps." When the echoing bugle notes general, bringing out some interesting had ceased, the audience remained as points and paying tribute, also, to Dr. under a spell, and only slowly returned Abbe. to the world of the intrusive present. So the efforts that had solaced a few The Museum is situated a very short distance from the spot where, in 1918 years of invalid retirement following an President Eliot, Dr. Abbe and Supt. active life spent in the relief of suf- George B. Dorr of Lafayette National fering, efforts designed to increase and Park planted the "Peace Tree." Supt. preserve men's knowledge of a vanishea Dorr of the Park had has much to do race, resulted in the unconscious with the Museum, especially since Dr. building of a personal monument. The Abbe's death, carrying out the doctor's thousands who visit annually the wishes. Lafayette National Park will, hence- A unique part of Tuesday's program forth, thanks to Dr. Abbe's was the playing of the cello and the harp, a member sounded taps, one player devotion, be bet- from the little platform of the Spring sounding from the Spring and the other ter equipped to understand the ancient canopy building, by Gerald Warburg from the mountain-side with particularly life which preceded that of the white and Caspar Reardon. Warburg is a fine effect among rocks and trees and men on Mount Desert and in eastern famous cellist and Reardon is first out over the cleared spaces, the music Maine. harpist of the Cincinnati orchestra. seeming to be augmented in rhythm In acquiring that deep understand- Their renditions were delightful and their and harmony. ing, these visitors will gratefully numbers were Bach's Arioso and Handel's The full text of Tuesday's address by breathe the name of the modest man Largo. With Sheldon Ingalls assisting Judge Deasy, Bishop Lawrence and of science who made it possible for him, Bugler Ralph Trott of George Prof. Moorehead will be found on page them. Of such men as Robert Abbe Edwin Kirk Post of which Dr. Abbe was 15 of today's TIMES it is the good that lives after them to become fruitful of good in other hearts and minds, even unto far-off generations. 8/15/28 1922 dozen stone brief, May behind window in offer you. on Cottage street. Hundreds of cannes, not you that and In glance 1 them and passed on make use of today was this did not have NY One of the Dr. Abbe, stopping to look at them Indian. lost arta, lost since they lived, is the the of prehistoric men of the It was the wish of Dr. Abbe and His Stone living here on this Island associates that we reconstruct far B.i art of comfortably and gracefully squatting on the ground. upon fish, leading their rude life, possible this ancient Indian the He Bar Harbor appreciates this Museum rearing children, preparing for other and they had in mind a location for re moved from the turmoil of city life and because it in a memorial of it: loved and gracious founder. appreciates it also saw Boese implements, modern civilization. No museum in because it will stimulate the study of wrote DR Abbe, filled with 8 de. America has more appropriate.setting American arthmeology sire to possess and study them and on re- the great the spring, the Valley, all ay at "But what value, someone asks, "its turning to New York the idea of utilizing bespeak Indian concept. n Bar them as 8 nucleus for a local museum The oldtime Indians and their art. be the study of American Archaeology?" after No value at M to him who looks only possessed me. long to the past. Upon the pages of and for CASH dividends. But to him who That was only six years ago, From American history are spread the deeds of believe "That in all ages every human that time on Dr. Abbe worked for the real Asacumbuit, Modocawando heart in human" to him who is inter- ideal that possessed him. Calling a few and others. In the final analysis, they ested in the study of the labored steps friends to his aid, he-alone has led. fought for their mountains, lakes and by which the human race, not here alone Fighting for his life-day and night he has firesides even as we would under similar been the very heart of enthusiasm, circumstances. For years they struggled but everywhere, has plodded its slow ston. way upward, it is of profound interest. courage, cheer and hope. against white domination but made Through the generosity of 72 different We hear his vibrant voice in these peace finally about 140 years ago. To daily people whose gifts, some small and some words: day their descendants are self-respecting Time. large, have been in almost every case "Conquest only comes from persistent American citizens, proud of Abnaki, biles tributes of esteem and love for Dr. Ro- climbing upward. Often it seems like Norridgewock or Passamaquoddy blood. bert Abbe, this Museum has been erected, the excitement I have felt when climbing In this age of world-wide restless ac- with completed, paid for, and we have in Sargent or Green Mountain, or Fujiyama tivity and complexity of life, it is well hand or in sight sufficient funds, I be- in Japan-the nearer one gets to the top, that we turn our thoughts for a moment York lieve, to provide for its modest annual the harder it seems, then, all of a sudden, through the medium of this museum to budget BO that it probably will not be one gets there. That glorious experience the primitive men and women of Mount d in- necessary to pass the hat around to make I have had many many times in every Desert Island, who lived next to nature Agent. up deficiencies in its ordinary yearly ex- field of adventure, in surgery, science, or in a most natural and simple way and penses. It is confidently believed that in climbing, and I like the game." who were the original and true Americans. this respect the Lafayette Park Museum His was a dauntless soul and he a differs from every other institution of 8 gallant gentleman. The wellspring of DR. PARKER DISCUSSED N public nature that has ever been estab- his life was faith in God. He was a ANIMAL INTELLIGENCE lished in all the history of the world. scientist, a surgeon, a lover of nature, Large and Enthusiastic Audience at There tools and implements and orna- endowed with vivid imagination; and at Second Laboratory Lecture at ments had weapons which you find in the same time a devout and humble Salisbury Cove this collection were not made nor used Christian. His indomitable hope and by your ancestors. But do not for this cheer, his love of life, his optimism, his (Special to The TIMES) reason assume too great an air of superi- overflowing charity, all were bound up in Salisbury Cove, August 13.-A large ority For there was a time some ages .and dependent upon his faith in God and and enthusiastic audience greeted Pro- ago when your ancestors and mine used love of his Saviour. fessor G. H Parker of Harvard Universi- just such tools and implements and orna- "Scientists are in hot pursuit of truth ty who delivered the second of the free ments and weapons as these. Indeed, unfolding and developing every day a scientific lectures given at Salisbury there was BL time HOME eons ago when your scroll which doubles the revelation of Cove under the auspices of the Mount ancestor. and mine had nothing as good the Bible story of Christ. We all have Desert Island Biological Laboratory. KA these Then after the passing of our little troubles day after day, but they Doctor Parker discussed in a most de- many centuries some prehistoric Edison seem to me nothing compared to the joys lightful mahner the problem of animal in- invented and made a stone axe and peo- of living and enjoying God's blessings telligence. What is intelligence? How ple hdoubtedly gathered about it and and sharing them with others. I firmly do we know that an animal is intelligent? examined it and exclaimed: believe that it is a duty to the Divine To the lecturer the ability of animals to "Ian l it marvellous?" Power who gives us this mysterious life profit by experience appears to be suffi- And they said, just as we say now: to prolong our lives by every art, to do cient evidence of intelligence. Evi- "It inn't possible that future centuries the things set for us by the circumstance dence of memory then is evidence of M will witness as great progress in the of our environment to be done. Every mind. arta KA we have meen." day is a joy to me." Our every day experience demonstrates You will find in this collection some John Bunyon, in his Pilgrim's Prog- that all vertebrated or back-boned ani- rude Articles used in the primitive arts of gress, completes the story: mals are intelligent, that is that they can however he "It isn't possible that future centuries the will witness as great progress in the of our environment to be done. Every mind. day is a joy to me." Our every day experience demonstrates arts as we have You will find in this collection some John Bunyon, in his Pilgrim's Prog- that all vertebrated or back-boned ani- gress, completes the story: mals are intelligent, that is that they can rude articles used in the primitive arts of peace. And you will find other articles, "Now, while Christian was thus draw- learn. Evidence of mind, however, be- such as arrowheads and spears that g toward the Gate, behold a company of comes less and less positive as we study were undoubtedly used by these ancient Heavenly Hosts came out to meet him. simpler and simpler animals. The lowest There came out also at this time to meet animals manifest as little mind as do people to make war upon one another and to kill one another. It is very diffi- him several of the King's Trumpeteers plants. cult for us living in this enlightened clothed in white and shining raiment, Such insects as the bees and ants how- twentieth century to understand what who, with melodious noises and loud, ever do profit by experience and there possible satisfaction these savage people made even the Heavens to echo with fore must be assumed to have intelli- coul have found in killing one another- their sound." gence, though it is doubtful that they are one at a time. You will find also some "These trumpeters saluted Christian clearly conscious like ourselves. Some articles undoubtedly used as ornaments and his fellows with ten thousand wel- other invertebrates also have minds. proving that vanity is not an exclusive comes from the World; and this they did The common earthworm, for example, attribute of us moderns. And more with shouting and sound of Trumpet." can be taught to turn to the right or the significant you will find some articles, left as a result of a series of lessons. not so many nor 80 marked as are found Professor Warren K. Moorehead Such a worm, however, retained the among the relica of the more advanced pre habit ever when his "head" was cut off. historic peoples who inhabited the south Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen: Since this worm was trained in the Har- western part of our country, but even Three hundred and twenty-four years vard laboratory, he must be considered a here some articles which belong to the ago that famous Frenchman, Champlain, Harvard student. domain of religion, proving that these discovered this Island. Compared with Jelly-fish and Sea-anemones manifest simple aboroginal people had their own his fair France it appeared, indeed, a little intelligence. But the common inborr conception of Deity, of destiny, of wild and onely land. Hence the name anemone such is abundant in anemone immortality: he gave. Today no part of that far- cave may be taught to discriminate be- "That their feeble hands and helpless, flung Atlantic coast-New Brunswick tween pieces of meat and pieces of blot- Groping blindly in the darkness to Florida is BO famed for scenic beauty ting-paper soaked in meat-juice. That Touched God's right hand in that dark- AS this Mount Desert region. is, after little the sea-anemone will ness Yet in all these three hundre years take the meat into its mouth but will And were lifted up and strengthened." the beauty of mountain, valley and shore- throw away the blotting-paper soaked in line have not changed. What the In- meat-juice. Even SO one-half of the The Rt. Rev. William Lawrence dians sawl we see. animal doesn't appear to know what the Champlain found large Indian villages other half has learned and must be taught Bishop Lawrence, in dedication, said: at both! Fernald's and Manchester independently. It is however doubtful "To the Glory of God, in behalf of the Points on Somes Sound. Yet he does that this is 8 case of true "learning," BOR Truth, in gratitude for the story of not describe Boynton's Point at La- since it is possible that the different re- Man's creation through the ages and in moine, less than eight miles from here, sponse to meat and to the blotting-paper Memory of Robert Abbe, we dedicate where we discovered a most extensive may be due to the weak stimulation of this Museum. May the spirit of God ancient village site, the debris of which the latter. What looks like a case of rest upon those who enter its doors and was five feet thick, with bones of three "learning may be nothing more than a go forth from generation." Continuing, extinct mammals in the lower layers. case of muscle-fatigue, due to repeated the Bishop spoke as follows: Especially at Sullivan Falls and Blue- stimulation. Doctor Parker thinks that Friends and Neighbors: hill we located very large and important intelligence disappears completely in the Robert Abbe was a gentle and chival cemeteries of the Red Paint People, a very lowest animals. rous knight. He revealed in his life the tribe strictly prehistoric and bearing no If then the conclusion is warranted that ideals of his time. Truth was to him relationship to the later Algonkins. the lowes animals have no minds at all the touchstone of life. His was a COD Their tools, exhibited in this new Abbe while the higher animals have minds, suming ambition to know the truth. Memorial Museum, evince a Stone Age how did they get them? Where does Alert for fresh discovery his search went are much beyond and higher than that of "mind" tome from? If mind like the for and deep. He loved men, and the the Champlain period. Visitors to our body has evolved, animal "mind" must love, transfiguring his science, Museum should realize that the Indians at one time in the history of the world of him a surgeon, keen in insight, exact had no highly developed ceramic art here have been a true "novelty." How was in movement, very artist in his delicat in Maine; and effigies in stone are ab- its appearance determined? action, delt and brilliant. That love sent. Yet our Indians excelled in the Doctor Parker is of the opinion that made him also the friend, counsellor of graceful and symmetrical conscious ness is conditioned by the exist. comforter of his patients, He WAS gouges and adze blades and long slender ence of central nervous system. With beloved phyxician. ceremonial spears of slate the equal of the "emergence" of a central nervous Robert loved nature and revelled which do not occur elsewhere in the system through evolutionary change, in her beauty. He was among the world 'mind' emerges also, The process is to print her colors upon the analog appearance of the unique We are assembled here today to dedi- properties of water through the - cate a museum founded by the late Dr. thesis of hydrogen and oxygen. What Abbe and his. generous friends, This the agent or factor is which $17 this way unique in that it emphasizes organizes the lecturer state our land, Protestor Grant Conklin of among the relica of the more advanced pre historic peoples who inhabited the south- Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen Since this worm was trained in the Har- western part of our country, but even Three hundred and twenty-four years vard laboratory, he must be considered n here some articles which belong to the ago that famous Frenchman, Champlain, Harvard student. domain of religion, proving that these discovered this Island. Compared with Jelly-fish and Sea-anemones manifest simple aboroginal people had their own his fair France it appeared, indeed, a little intelligence. But the common the inborr conception of Deity, of destiny, of wild and onely land. Hence the name anemone such is abundant in anemone ne immortality: he gave. Today no part of that far- cave may be taught to discriminate be- ur "That their feeble hands and helpless, flung Atlantic coast-New Brunswick tween pieces of meat and pieces of blot- rd Groping blindly in the darkness to Florida- BO famed for scenic beauty ting-paper soaked in meat-juice. That Touched God's right hand in that dark- as this Mount Desert region. is, after a little the sea-anemone will ness Yet in all these three hundred years take the meat into its mouth but will And were lifted up and strengthened." the beauty of mountain, valley and shore- throw away the blotting-paper soaked in it. line have not changed. What the In- meat-juice. Even so one-half of the The Rt. Rev. William Lawrence dians saw, we see. animal doesn't appear to know what the Champlain found large Indian villages other half has learned and must be taught Co. Bishop Lawrence, in dedication, said: at both Fernald's and Manchester independently. It is however doubtful "To the Glory of God, in behalf of the Points on Somes Sound. Yet he does that this is a case of true "learning," RBOR Truth, in gratitude for the story of not describe Boynton's Point at La- since it is possible that the different re- Man's creation through the ages and in moine, less than eight miles from here, sponse to meat and to the blotting-paper Memory of Robert Abbe, we dedicate where we discovered a most extensive may be due to the weak stimulation of this Museum. May the spirit of God ancient village site, the debris of which the latter What looks like a case of rest upon those who enter its doors and was five feet thick, with bones of three "learning may be nothing more than a go forth from generation." Continuing, extinct mammals in the lower layers. CASE of muscle-fatigue, due to repeated the Bishop spoke as follows: Especially at Sullivan Falls and Blue- stimulation. Doctor Parker thinks that Friends and Neighbors: hill we located very large and important intelligence disappears completely in the Robert Abbe was a gentle and chival- cemeteries of the Red Paint People, a very lowest animals. rous knight. He revealed in his life the tribe strictly prehistoric and bearing no If then the conclusion is warranted that O idealfi of his time. Truth was to him relationship to the later Algonkins. the lowest animals have no minds at all the touchstone of life. His was a con- Their tools, exhibited in this new Abbe while the higher animals have minds, suming ambition to know the truth. Memorial Museum, evince a Stone Age how did they get them? Where does Alert for fresh discovery his search went art much beyond and higher than that of "mind" tome from? If mind like the far and deep. He loved men, and that the Champlain period. Visitors to our body has evolved, animal "mind" must love, transfiguring his science, made Museum should realize that the Indians at one time in the history of the world of him a surgeon, keen in insight, exact had no highly developed ceramic art here have been a true "novelty." How was in movement, very artist in his delicate in Maine: and effigies in stone are ab- its appearance determined? action, deft and brilliant, That love sent. Yet our Indians excelled in the Doctor Parker is of the opinion that made him also the friend, counsellor and manufacture of graceful and symmetrical conscious is conditioned by the exist comforter of his patients. He was gouges and adze blades and long slender ence of a central nervous system. With beloved physician. ceremonial spears of slate the equal of the "emergence" of a central nervous Robert Abbe loved nature and revelled which do not occur elsewhere in the system through evolutionary change, in her beauty He was among the first world. "mind" emerges also. The proceas in to print her colors upon the analogous to the appearance of the unique We are assembled here today to dedi- plate His Japanese Barden, his properties of water through the - cate a museum founded by the late Dr. and Br were beautiful My thesis of hydrogen and oxygen. What Abbe and his generous friends. This the agent or factor is which in this way museum unique in that it emphasizes sketching organizes matter/in time s pace" the he-simple life of native Red Americans. lecturer did not state. Elsewhere throughout our land, we por Due into Bay. Professor Edwin Grant Conklin of tray in our multitudinous valleries and Princeto University wilk be the next building: the highly complex life and How High of century of civiliza- bor audiences, The subject of his lec. the human race be Im- our I.land proved In 1604, the reputation Attract 5 Lafayette National Park Museum 1929 This Museum was open to the public free of charge every day, including Sundays, from 8 - 5 during the summer months June 15 to September 29. Visitors for this period aggregated approximately 18,215 Accessions- Stone and bone relics 102. Articles not prehistoric, but a survival of Stone Age technique-- 10. These articles are numbered, and recorded in the Accession Book, with donor's name, localities and other data. The numbers run from 1741 to 1853 in- clusive. Library. Accessions to the Library were important: 14 vols . Annual Report Bureau of American Ethnology 1907-1927 from the Smithsonian Institute. 23 vols. Annual Reports, U. S. National Museum 1905-1928, from U. S. National Museum. 1 vol. Third Annual Report, Regents N. Y. State Cabinet containing L. H. Morgan's Department of Indian Works Colored plates, Albany 1850. (Very rare) Presented by Dwight Blaney. 1 vol. Manual of Small Museums. 1 vol. In Memory of Robert Abbe, Founder. Bulletin No. I. The Jones Cove Shell Heap at West Gouldsboro, Maine, by Walter B. Smith, Through the generosity of W. C. Endicott,Esq. 1929. On Motion duly made and seconded it was voted to hire Wendall Hadlock as Curator for the ensuing year, he to devote his entire time to the Museum and its activities and to receive therefor the sum of Fifteen Hundred Dollars ($1500.) on motion duly made and seconded it was voted that the Treasurer be authorized and instructed to pay to Nathaniel Guptill the sum of Two Hundred Dollars ($200.) for services rendered this year and that the President be authorized and instructed to engage said Guptill for next year for the same amount. On motion duly made and seconded it was voted that the Museum be open from May 15th to approximately October 15th 1937. On motion duly made and seconded it was voted that a Vote of thanks be given Miss Julia Whiting for her interest in the work of the Corporation and for her contribution which made possible extra digging activities during the season. Upon motion made and seconded it was voted to adjourn. Clerk A true copy Attest: Form NPS- L-1 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 1/12 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Maine State Tract No. 27 LAND OWNERSHIP RECORD Hancock Deed No. 24 County Town of Civil Subdivision Bar Harbor Area 2.30 Acadia National Park acres Name of Park or Area Northeast Area based on survey of Date Section of Park or Area Legal Description: See Deed No. 24, dated August 12, 1930 This deed conveyed the parcel occupied by the Robert Abbe Museum near Sieur de Monts Spring Method of Acquisition: Gift Appropriation or Source of funds: Cost (if purchased) or estimated value: $250.00 Acquired from: Lafayette National Park Museum of Stone Age Antiquities Accepted by Secretary (x ) Opinion of Att'y. Gen.-title in U. S. ( ) date: September 10, 1930 Physical Characteristics: Wooded slope at foot of mountain. Improvements on Land at time of Acquisition: Museum building COPY Existing or outstanding special use permits, reservations, rights, or rights of way: See deed for reservations Abstract of Title and other records Report Based on: Prepared by: B. L. Hadley (in part) date: 2/15/44 Map References: Acadia Land Status Maps - Sheet 9 Remarks: Deed recorded in Hancook County, Maine, Registry of Deeds, Book 630, Page 590. ROBERT ABBE BY WILLIAM LAWRENCE The Lafayette National Park Museum of the Stone Age Period BULLETIN NO. IV , 1935 samply INV : / SIT'SEG ROBERT ABBE In the window of an office on Cot- tage Street, Bar Harbor, in the au- tumn of 1922 lay a dozen rough stones. Men, women and children walked by; some glanced at them and passed on: one man stopped, looked intently at the stones, went into the office and asked about them; his imagination was kindled. These very stones that he was handling had been in the hands of men who lived and fished along these shores, climbed these mountains, and brought up families on this Island before history began. These stones were their tools, their weapons and their cooking utensils. "Were there other similar [2] [3] stones?" the man asked himself. tain definite talents: his friends rec- "Could he learn more about these ognized them also and pressed him people? Where did they come from? into surgery. His exactness of thought, Were there signs of their living in his precision of action, his deftness other parts of the world?" of hand, the elasticity of every muscle He whose imagination was thus in response to a perfect nerve sys- kindled was a New York surgeon, tem, his sympathetic spirit, his cour- Dr. Robert Abbe. age and imagination drove him into Who was Dr. Abbe? the great and vital calling of a sur- He was born in New York City, geon. Surgery was then entering upon April 13, 1851; was educated in her its wonderful new career of research, public schools and the College of the discovery and practice: and Robert City of New York. He was an at- Abbe was essentially a pioneer. tractive boy, alert, full of enthusiasm, On entering upon his work in hos- a keen student; with a vision ever pitals and private practice he be- forward. "What next?" was his per- came an attending surgeon to St. sistent question. Upon his graduation Luke's Hospital, the Babies' Hospital, the question was answered, "the the Roosevelt, and the Cancer Hos- profession of medicine." He entered pital. He was a lecturer and a fellow and graduated from the College of of the College of Physicians and Sur- Physicians and Surgeons and became geons, a Vice-President of the Acad- an interne in St. Luke's Hospital. emy of Medicine. He was a scientist As he felt his way into the several who based his practice upon the departments of medical science and soundest principles, who at the same practice he became conscious of cer- time eagerly caught the latest results [4] [5] of research and was unflinching in He had an artistic sense, a talent his loyalty to the truth. for illustration in plastic form and He was also endowed with the ten- color, which led his mind out into derest qualities of mind and heart; one avocation after another. Years to his patients he was more than a ago, before I had ever heard of a skilful surgeon, he was a comforter colored photograph, Dr. Abbe ap- and inspirer. Of French Huguenot peared on my piazza with a camera stock, he was deeply religious, and and said, "I have long wanted to the confidence born of faith in God take your beautiful vista of the Bay was as much a part of his healing and Gouldsboro Hills and here I am." talent as was his skill. Upon entering The transparent plate in nature's the ward of a hospital, his face radi- colors of my summer view is now ant with cheer and hope, and with a with me through the winter. voice quiet and clear, his presence Courageous as he was in his oper- was felt by every patient: and his ations, sometimes even at the cost of intimate knowledge of each one gave sharp criticism, he worked in the confidence, and each one claimed him hope that much that he was doing as their friend. with surgery might be better and Dr. Abbe's alert mind and pioneer painlessly done through future dis- spirit carried him far beyond the coveries - when, lo! the reports of routine of a surgeon's practice. He led the wonderful work of radium reached the way in various cranial, spinal him. Early in 1904 he again became and intestinal operations which have a pioneer and again met criticism, now taken their place among the sharp criticism for his prompt use of usual. that wonderful salt substance; he [6] [ ] ] corresponded with Professor and life, for he adds, "It has been a health Madame Curie, visited them in their restoring, wonder working air for me laboratories, and by his marvellous the past fortnight, the Alpine fresh- cures became a missionary for radium ness of this Maine air." in this country. To his friends Robert Abbe's work Years passed. The pressure of work seemed to be finished; his health was in New York together with his love failing and invalidism to his life's end of nature brought him to Mt. Desert was certain. The tragedy of it was for a few weeks and later for a few that his subtle illness may have been months each year. He settled in his partly or largely due to the very lovely nook of "Brook End" where radium by whose use he had saved Duck Brook meets the Bay, and the lives of others. For in the early serry where with his artistic feeling he days after the discovery of radium adapted Japanese art to American there were as yet unknown dangers conditions and created a Japanese to the surgeon in its use. Garden in whose pool floated his two Those same stones which he had graceful swans, - Pierre and Marie seen in the window were now in his Curie. cottage at Brook End. Friends, stu- In 1924, after he had passed the dents of prehistoric man, investi- peak of his great surgical career, he gators and searchers in the vicinity wrote, "Welcome to this Divine Spot, of Mr. Desert, learning of Dr. Abbe's - all nature holds out her glories to enthusiasm, brought their treasures to you over again, as the warm sunshine him. kisses the fragrant pines this lovely His vision was now taking shape: morning." Alas! a new note enters his that of a museum; a collection of the [8] [9] handiwork of prehistoric man gath- his collections; he invited in his neigh- ered in this locality which as years bors on Mt. Desert and aroused their passed would with the aid of other enthusiasm; he gained the support of collections build up a story of peoples archeologists. The thought of the long gone. museum was with him through days He had already brought his plastic and nights of suffering. He wrote a talents into play and had made relief friend, "The last few days and nights and profile maps of Mt. Desert and have been merciless, - yet the world of the surrounding Bay and Lands is cheerful and my friends steadfast." which were to be part of the Museum. He received children and talked to His life was slowly ebbing out. them about the stones; he called old Would he be able to go on in his work friends to him; he wrote to other of collection? Would he ever see his friends and to strangers; gifts of museum? money came pouring in. He himself, Then one of the miracles of modern with the aid of an architect, drew the surgery came to the aid of this great plans. He wrote, "The collection of surgeon, this brave and loved man, Stone Age Implements, Lafayette when the transfusion of blood from National Park, will stand for the man to man was in its experimental epitome of the beauty and wonder of stage. Beginning in March 1924 he nature on the Eastern Continental quietly, systematically undertook to Coast; but the complete drama of its carry through his work and fulfil his history will be lacking in interest vision by the aid of transfused blood. after its geology and consummate Thus strengthened, month after beauty of living things have been month he continued the making of studied, if we do not gather together [ 10 ] [ 11 ] and consecrate in a museum these an appropriate charm. I hope to live Stone Age Implements of Agriculture several years to perfect this little and war which have been the inde- " gem. structible evidence of a vanished race. As months passed an endowment "I have consistently set a goal, - was built up by his friends and his never to enlarge this Collection into own large contribution. After much a general museum but fix indelibly thought the plans for the museum a fact of incontrovertible history on were complete and the construction the minds of the large and rapidly of the building begun. Set in the growing travelling public. My aim midst of the forest and approached has been to create a permanent classic from the Spring by an upward slope 'one show' historic incident in the of lawn above which the cliffs and path of the 'Madding Crowd' and deep woods hang, it was and is "a to make it as perfect as possible." little gem." As the spring of 1928 ap- "I plan a fireproof and appropri- proached and his hopes were high ate structure to properly house my that he would himself enter the build- maps and Stone Age Implements ing and place the cases and collection which will be for all time both fasci- he suddenly lapsed in strength, and nating and educative for thousands died on the eleventh of March. who are not accustomed to visit On the fourteenth of August a museums of this sort; but who will great company of people from all linger and dream over this small and parts of the Island gathered in the unique collection. In no place any- Glen of Sieur de Monts Spring to where will there be so graphic and dedicate the Museum. It was a per- educative a group of maps that add fect afternoon, quiet and serene, the [ 12 ] [ 13 ] cliffs deepened in the shade while the "These trumpeters saluted Chris- green lawn gained in brilliancy. The tian with ten thousand welcomes door of the Museum quietly opened; from the world; and this they did friends standing on the slope spoke with the sound of the Trumpet." loving words; then the air was melo- dious with the chords of Handel's Largo sounding from harp and cello at the Spring. The sentence of Dedi- cation was read: - "To the Glory of God, in behalf of the Truth, in gratitude for the Story of Man's Creation through the ages and in mem- ory of ROBERT ABBE we dedicate this Museum. May the spirit of God rest upon those who enter its doors and go forth from generation to genera- tion." From cliff to cliff echoed and re- echoed the bugle strains of Taps; and the people dispersed. UNITED STATES copy DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Acadia National Park, Ber Harbor, Maine. October 5, 1934. Hon. Luere B. Deasy, Bar Harbor, Maine. Dear Judge Deasy: I think I wrote you during the summer in enclosing the bill of $10 from the American Association of Museums for annual dues, that it did not seem to me important that our Indian Museum, limited as it is to a local field and open only for a portion of the year, should ally itself by membership with the Association of American Museums whose work is general and has remote relation to ours here. I am still receiving the Association's publication and it occurs to me to write you and ask whether you agreed with me and wrote to withdraw our Museum's membership. Yours sincerely, GBD-0 259 Esent St THE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK MUSEUM Banger OF THE STONE AGE PERIOD OFFICERS TRUSTEES WILLIAM C. ENDICOTT ROBERT ABBE PRESIDENT LUERE B. DEASY GEORGE B. DORR LUERE B. DEASY WILLIAM C. ENDICOTT TREASURER A. ATWATER KENT WILLIAM LAWRENCE DAVE HENNEN MORRIS CHARLES H. WOOD Octobers 8, 1934 BAR HARBOR, MAINE Safarette Mat. Park Museum of the Stone age In account with Waeter B. Smith To Salary as Curator for Season of 193A 500.00 " Room and Board at Bar Harbor, 14'sWks@10. 145.00 " Bus and Jaxi gares 10.50 655.50 To Museum Expenses: x Aug 31-Round Trip, Bar Harbor to Subce with car and Ranger Thompson, moals and gas 3.75 aug b-with Raugei Thankson and car to Ord Journ and Indian Island 2.25 " 13 -Wife Rauger Thompson and car to Orland, Pucksport and Billie hill 1.25 go Museum Supplies: Portage Stamps 4.25 ambroid, the tc .be To Relies Bot. for Museum five objects.,To's 2007-2011 inc. 6.00 673.60 Received Payment cojon UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Acadia National Park Bar Harbor, Maine, April 5, 1935. The American Association of Museums, Headquarters at the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. Dear Sirs: Acknowledging receipt of your communication in regard to the Association of Museums, I write to state that although I took an active part in for- warding Dr. Robert Abbe's plan for a museum and the collecting and exhibiting, during the summer season, the local Indian finds, I am a trustee of it only, among others, and communications sent to it should be addressed not to me but to its president, Hon. Luere B. Beasy of Bar Harbor. I remain Yours sincerely, (signed) George B. Dorr GBD-0 NATIONAL PARKS 25 A special grant of several thousand dollars permitted con- tinuance of the central administration of the survey of Historic American Buildings, the field-work of which was financed by ECW and FERA funds. A special allotment was made for the survey of the ancient Indian pueblo, "City in the Sky," at Acoma, New Mexico, which has been occupied continuously by this ancient tribe for one thousand years. PWA funds have also made possible the establishment and expansion of park museums which disclose to the lay visitor in terms easily understood the scientific secrets of the national parks and monuments. Museums in National Parks By CARL P. RUSSELL, Chief, Eastern Museum Division, National Park Service THE purpose of educational work in parks is to interpret the phenomena and history of the parks and engender a desire in the visitor to think, read, and talk about the park offerings both while he is in the park and after he has left. Those familiar with the behavior of the National Park visitor have believed that a variety of educational methods must be employed if the defined objectives are to be attained. Answering questions over an information desk will not suffice; lectures, although offered in the midst of inspiring surroundings, are not enough. The naturalist-conducted or historian-conducted field-trips make unique offerings, but they are not sufficient in themselves. All of these methods are required, but the museum-library is also important. In fact, some workers have been inclined to regard the museum as the main prop under the parks' educa- tional program. Because public interest is focused on it and staff facilities are provided within it, the resources of the park educational organization hinge on it. In 1921, Ansel Hall, now Chief of the Field Division of Education, established a small makeshift museum in a temporary Courtesy Parks and Recreation building in Yosemite National Park. It served to demonstrate Moose al Rock Harbor. Isle Royale the possibilities of the museum presentation as an adjunct to by Herman D. Ellis, Battle Creek, Mich. Ameli can Planning Photograph and Civic Annual the then very new phase of parks work called nature-guiding. About the same time, Yellowstone and Mesa Verde adopted the museum as a feature of educational work. The American Asso- Ed. Harlean James. APC Assoc., 1935. [#1] NATIONAL PARKS 27 26 AMERICAN PLANNING AND CIVIC ANNUAL number of museums in parks and monuments. Small museums, ciation of Museums took note of the new ventures and in 1924 like those at Rocky Mountain National Park and Petrified investigated opportunities and developed plans to establish Forest and Casa Grande National Monuments, were built with adequate museums in several of the larger parks. The Laura regular Park Service appropriations. Then came the emergency Spelman Rockefeller Memorial provided the funds with which programs, ECW and PWA, and the National Park Service ex- the first trailside museums were built in Yosemite, Grand Can- perienced something of a windfall of museum support. The yon, Yellowstone, and Bear Mountain, a total of nine focal-point number of museums in parks and monuments jumped from a museums, cach one designed to meet a special need, but all dozen to thirty-nine. Fortunately, preparations had been made having one thing in common-provision of a hook-up between an for the increased activity since western park problems had been object or spectacle, charged with dynamic information, and studied, and dependable museum plans had been projected. minds receptive to informational impulses. Nearly six million people visit the parks and monuments each In keeping with the new trend in museum work these park year. What Rea wrote in 1920 of museums generally seems now museums put behind them the old ideals of curios and scientific to apply especially to National Park areas and park museums. collections. They were dedicated to service. As Coleman says- He stated, "To our museums the opportunity is present of en- "Service-on the one hand to learning, and on the other to the riching the lives and inspiring the ideals of all classes of society, public. Service to learning is research; to the public, education." and in so far as they succeed in doing this, they will contribute The park museums from the first were organized and oriented to the realization of what we hope to make America express." toward the elucidation and interpretation of historical and What do we hope to make America express? In answering scientific truths. A number of years ago Dr. Goode of our that question it seems quite natural to turn to the National National Museum described the modern science museum as a Parks. Today there are 129 Federal areas administered by the collection of labels illustrated by materials. We believe that the National Park Service. They are distributed from coast to coast history museum may be developed in the same manner. and are to be found also in Alaska and Hawaii. From the stand- Simplicity in the process of translating the scholarship in- point of scope of stories they overlap until they constitute an volved is a constant aim in park museum work. A certain Har- expression of nearly everything that is essentially American. vard geologist remarked while examining the geo-chemistry In the field of geology we find that National Parks and exhibits in the Norris Museum, Yellowstone, that the interpreta- Monuments constitute a very nearly ideal natural textbook. It tions were "naive." His comment was accepted as a compliment. is true that the pages of that text are widely separated and The park museum curator should be scholarly, but he should not scattered, but the automobile and good roads have overcome the fail to see the difference between the public mind and his own. difficulties of distance, and many colleges and universities are His graphic presentation of a story should be made with clarity today taking geology classes to these outdoor laboratories. The and force but without technicalities. geological stories of the parks are being collected for presenta- While the last of the nine park museums built with Mr. tion in a printed account for students and lay visitors. Park Rockefeller's money was still in the making, experimental museums will translate that so that he who runs may read. methods were brought into use to determine whether the public In the realm of American biology, National Park areas are was being interested and informed by the earlier exhibits. not yet as comprehensive as might be desired, but many vital Studies were made at Grand Canyon to determine the reactions chapters of the story are found in parks. Among the resources of to the Yavapai installations; at Yosemite the functioning of a National Parks nothing is more important than the wildlife. central museum was investigated. Findings were encouraging, so Surveys are being made, policy defined, and publications pro- favorable, in fact, that engineers, architects, and superintendents duced. joined educational officers in endorsing the museum idea, and a Archeology and ethnology find remarkable representation in few years ago the Government appropriated funds to add to the 28 AMERICAN PLANNING AND CIVIC ANNUAL the parks and monuments, especially in the areas of the South- west where the exhibits run the gamut from the dwellings of a people who lived a thousand years ago to the camps and pueblos of the modern Indian. The stories of these peoples lend them- selves especially well to museum presentation. In the field of history is the most romantic appeal to the great- est number of people, perhaps, and the most readily recognized national value in the offerings of the Park Service. Within exist- ing National Park areas the pageant of American History opens like a book. From the very earliest affairs of the Spanish, through our Colonial experiences, the French and Indian Wars, the Revolution, the War of 1812, the Western Movement, and the War between the States, nearly the entire story can be told in National Parks and Monuments. Certain significant sites still remain outside the fold but steps are being taken to obtain them. The interpretation of these varied and important phases of the American Scene constitutes a program of enormous propor- tions. Here is a problem in education that has no exact parallel in the world. The park museum and its adjuncts-exhibits in place, restorations, reconstructions, and labeled nature trails-provide a mechanism whereby an appealing and understandable picture of things American can be placed before the American people. We believe that we are not placing too high an appraisal upon the value of this equipment when we refer to it as "one of the most potent agencies in field education that has been conceived by any nation." Wildlife of National Parks By GEORGE M. WRIGHT, Chief, Wildlife Division, National Park Service THE that called forth from the pen of Ding Darling the cartoon hapless condition of our wildlife of a few years ago, of a few miserable animals marooned by the gales of misfortune Courtesy American Forests on a tiny island and gazing wild-eyed for improbable rescue, Castelone Peak in the Big Bend National Park Area, Texas has, we hope, gone forever. The voices of the few advocates of Photograph by Roger W. Toll help for our native wildlife have been heard, and the future of many hitherto vanishing species seems reasonably safe. Many Suggestions with Reference to the Abbe Museum Acadia National Park Bar Harbor, Maine August 13, 1935 Suggested by Warren K. Moorehead During this summer I have several times visited the museum established by Dr. Abbe and others. Most museum men agree that it is not surpassed in setting and beauty in this country. What I have to say is not offered in any critical spirit. Three days ago I went to Castine, consulted with Dr. Howard Wilson, who, with his mother, has established a similar museum. I had a long conversation concerning problems in both archaeology and museums in the state of Maine. Dr. Wilson is now a citizen of this state. As an anthropologist he worked in the French caves, studied geology. He would be an ideal person to advise, inspect, visit sites, etc. He is active and in excellent health. I laid before Dr. Wilson this suggestion:- Mr. Walter B. Smith, Curator of the Abbe Museum, has learned of an island off the coast somewhere near Machias from which Indians gained material for various chipped objects. Mr. Smith may also know of the source of that peculiar slate used in the long spears found in Red Paint People's cemeteries, and of several important sites. As Dr. Wilson is a citizen of Maine having his own museum I suggest cooperation between the Abbe Museum and his. He imtimated, at his convenience and if agreeable to the Trustees of the Abbe Museum, he would be very glad to visit the places mentioned by Mr. Smith. I consider this very important. If you will pardon me, I don't think your museum, excellent as it is, needs more specimens. We should take advantage of the remarkable knowledge possessed by Mr. Smith of Maine sites. At my age, I can not visit these places. Furthermore, I am not a geologist. I received a letter from Miss Moon in which she stated that she had been working over, or copying, some of Mr. Smith's notes. I was glad to hear this. I have intimated to Mr. Smith, whom I have known for many years, that this work was vastly more im- portant than securing more gouges and spear heads of which you have large numbers. This, please understand, is no criticism, and I have so informed my old friend Mr. Smith. Years are passing with all of us. Professor Seveille was asked two years ago to prepare a paper on distribution of stone hatchets in Central America. He continually put it off, died, left notes that nobody else can interpret. The same is true of Mr. Paine of Illinois. Several of us, myself included, have delayed setting down our observations. I do not desire to commit my old friend Dr. Wilson in any way but I gathered from his remarks that due to the depression his museum cannot spend much money in research. The inspection of sites and the preparation of proper records for the two museums would entail the expenditure of but a few hundred dollars. As Director of Phillips Museum, I hereby offer $200 toward the expense with the understanding that, if desirable, Mr. Byers, Assistant Director, and Mr. Johnson both of whom are trained in New England Archaeological studies, be permitted to visit the sites and study material. So far as the specimens are concerned they can remain in the Abbe Museum and the Wilson Museum. We have sufficient at Andover. Many things suggest themselves, but I refrain lest I weary you. We lack technical studies of shell heaps save that work by Dr. Peabody on Calf Island (Bar Harbor) and our Boynton site. If it is possible to secure an undisturbed shell heap four or five feet deep we should have a detailed study of the layers. This is very important. I would further suggest that more labels be prepared, your exhibits thinned out or condensed. For years it was necessary to count visitors. We now know that your attendance is in excess of other museums. Time spent in counting the number of people who enter the building should be spent on labels, records, etc. I have written the State Librarian, Honorable Henry Dunnack, (whom I have known for over twenty years) concerning a revised publication upon Archaeology of Maine. He referred me to the Planning Board, officials located in both Portland and Augusta. I offered to give (free of expense) plates, notes, etc. of our work, now out of print, to the State of Maine. To this should be added the notes of Mr. Smith's work and observations of Dr. Wilson. The title would be changed, made more popular. The expense would not be excessive and might, possibly, be paid out of governmental grants to Maine. It is desirable that such a work be issued by this state. In case reaction to the proposal is favorable, the matter will be taken up by me officially at Andover when I return ten days hence. Meantime I would suggest that your Trustees, or Mr. Smith, write Dr. Howard Wilson, Castine, Maine, and ask him to come here for consultation. I believe Dr. Wilson will be able to assist you professionally and work to mutual advantage of both museums and State of Maine Archaeology. Very respectfully submitted, W amen King Woodeand DIRECTOR'S MEETING 1936 Immediately following the annual meeting of the Lafayette National Park Museum of Stone Age Antiquities, a meeting of the Directors was held at the office of Deasy, Lynam, Rodick & Rodick, at which meeting the following were present: George B. Dorr; William J. Schiefflin; Fletcher T. Wood; Serenus B. Rodick; Roscoe C. E. Brown; Mrs. J. D. Cameron Bradley; Henry T. Wood; Amory Thorndike and L. B. Deasy. on motion duly made and seconded it was voted that all of those who were present at the Annual Meeting be asked to remain during the Directors Meeting. On Motion duly made and seconded the following officers of the Corporation were duly elected by written ballot: Fletcher T. Wood, President, and L.B. Deasy, Treasurer. On motion duly made and seconded it was voted that the President and Executive Committee proceed in their discretion during the coming year with the digging activities and that they be authorized to expend not more than Five Hundred Dollars ($500.00) in connection with these activities. On motion duly made and seconded it was Voted that the President send to Walter B. Smith, the former Curator, a copy of the Resolution adopted at the meeting in 1936 insofar as it pertained to him, together with a message of Greeting a check for $200., from the Corporation and/ appreciation for his past services. I, Serenus B. Rodick, Clerk of the Lafayette National Park Museum of Stone Age Antiquities, hereby certify that the following is a true copy of vote taken at the annual meeting of the Lafayette National Park Museum of Stone Age Antiquities, which meeting was duly called and held on the first day of September, A. D. 1937 at eleven o'clock in the forenoon: "on motion duly made and seconded it was unanimously voted that the name of the cor- poration be changed from the "Lafayette National Park Museum of Stone Age Antiqui- ties" to "Robert Abbe Museum of Stone Age Antiquities" and that the Clerk of the Cor- poration attend to any legal work necessary to accomplish this." Clerk. D6235 MUSEUM REPORT ACADIA NATIONAL PARK August 1 to September 1, 1936 Status of Exhibit Plan The necessary studies preliminary to preparing an exhibit plan have been nearly completed during this month. Museum Curator Lewis, who reported at the Park on August 1, has studied the museum needs and situa- tion and has prepared reports on the following: 1. Park visitors 2. The educational program at Acadia 3. Nearby institutions affecting museum development a. Abbe Museum b. Islesford Museum C. Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory d. Roscoe B. Jackson Memorial Laboratory e. Appalachian Mountain Club Similar studies of museum needs and museum sites are nearly finished. These will be incorporated in the museum plan. Development of the museum story has commenced, but has not reached a definitive stage. Regional Geologist Chadwick assisted greatly with the geology story during six days at the Park. Dr. Lehnerts, professor of geology at Hunter College, has contributed to this story, also. Dr. Steinmetz from the University of Maine and Dr. Rehder of Harvard, check botanists, have also assisted during visits to the Park. Historical aspects of the Park story have been discussed with Mr. Hadlock, curator of the Abbe Museum. Dr. Sawtelle, of the Islesford Museum, and Mr. Dow, of the Resettlement Administration, have supplied historical information. Dr. Cole, director of the Marine Biological Laboratory, has advised on the marine story. The curator has studied the museum story in the field as occasion permitted. A tentative offer of the Building of Arts for museum purposes was studied and its refusal advised because the building was unsuited, poorly heated, and involved expense repair, alteration and upkeep. Status of Equipment Orders The motion picture projector, Bell-Howell Model S, 500 W., has been received. It has proven to be very satisfactory. Notice was received -2- during the month that a contract had been awarded for the fumigating case for study skins. A second pair of binoculars has been requested for use in the educational program and for research. Collections The principal accessions have been in the herbarium. During August Mr. Neal, student enrollee, has added over 300 plants to the collections. The mounting and labeling has been completed for about 50 specimens. Ranger Naturalist Favour prepared study skins of a great blue heron and of a flying squirrel. About a dozen insect specimens have been collected and mounted, and one Ringnecked Snake (Diadophis punctatus). During Mr. Chadwick's visit a number of geological specimens were collected for possible display rather than for study purposes. Graphic Devices Forty lantern slides on biological subjects, 50 song slides and 200 feet of colored motion pictures were added to the visual education supplies. Two volumes of Nature Notes were bound and four reels and containers for 16 mm. film were obtained. Branch Museum The displays set up at Sieur de Monts Spring have functioned during the month satisfactorily. The collection of bog plants was revised and a display of mosses added. About 40 named plants were on exhibition beside the spring house. While not a branch museum, the Abbe Museum functions as such in the Park. The curator of this museum was assisted in revising one of his cases to a narrative type of exhibit. The case before and after revision is shown in the accompanying photographs. As an outcome of this work, the directors of the museum are allowing the curator to undertake a general improvement of the exhibits, which will be of great value in the Park educational program. Plans are being considered for a future branch museum and observa- tion station on the summit of Cadillac Mountain. Definite plans were initiated by Mr. Disher during his visit to the Park, and the location and contents are now under discussion. Dr. Leland, vice-chairman of the National Park Advisory Committee, COPY ROBERT ABBE MUSEUM OF STONE AGE ANTIQUITIES Bar Harbor, Maine Gouldsboro, Me. Oct. 10, 1938. Mr. R. Amory Thorndike Bar Harbor, Me. Dear Mr. Thorndike:- I am sending you the "Aims" as written by Dr. Abbe stating his ideas and wishes as what our Museum should be. You will notice his ideas are to confine our collection to and about Mr. Desert Island. I know this is correct as my Brother Chas. H. Wood and I had a number of talks with the Doctor in regard to the Museum and he always stressed that idea. The trip that our Mr. Hadlock took up around Moosehead Lake recently I sanctioned as he wished to pick up some data that might connect up our Northern Maine Indians with the Coast tribes and help in writing his story, or history of same. I shall not approve in future of any extensive exploring through the State as it's in my opinion not worthwhile, and would be straying radically away from Dr. Abbe's "Aims." I am largely responsible for the work done in the last few years since Dr. Abbe died, in making our local collections but feel very sure the Doctor would approve what has been done and admire the wonderful collections from The Jones Cove, Tranquillity Farm, and Taft's Point camping grounds! I am much interested in what you told us Saturday about the Sorrento people and their shell heaps. I sure would like for us to do some digging there another summer. I do not remember the name of the party. If you will write me the name I will try to do a little scouting around there and see how it shows up for future explorations. I would appreciate if you would send our Mr. Hadlock a copy of the "Aims" as he said he has not seen them. Thanking you for the interest you are taking in the Museum, and with very kind regards I remain, Very truly, FLETCHER T. WOOD C 2 Abbe C. 1923-28 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR HUBERT WORK, SECRETARY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE STEPHEN T. MATHER. DIRECTOR @ RULES AND REGULATIONS LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK SIEUR DE MONTS SPRING but that office can not fill mail 0 Open all the Year Summer Season June 15 to October 15 WASHINGTON LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK A HISTORICAL SKETCH Our national parks are areas of superlative scenery which are set apart and maintained by the Federal Government for the The use and enjoyment of the people. They are the people's prop- erty; the Government, the people's agent and trustee. Few as yet in number, but covering an extraordinary range of National Parks Portfolio landscape interest, they have all, with a single exception, been formed by setting aside for park purposes lands already held (FOURTH EDITION) in ownership by the United States and lie in the nationally younger regions of the country to the westward of the Mississippi. The single exception is Lafayette National Park, occupying old French territory on the coast of Maine and created in 1919 from A presentation of the national Bound securely lands collected during the previous decade and presented to the parks and national monu- in cloth ments in picture. The selection is Government. The name it bears commemorates the great events One dollar from the best work of many pho- and splendid spirit-the spirit of humanity transcending national bounds-that marked inspiringly the period of its creation. The tographers, professional and amateur. It contains nine chapters descriptive park is unique as a member of the national system in its contact with the ocean and inclusion of nationally owned coastal waters in each of a national park, and one its recreational territory. larger chapter devoted to other parks and monuments. 270 pages, includ- Lafayette National Park lies surrounded by the sea, occupying ing 310 illustrations. as its nucleus and central feature the bold range of the Mount Desert Mountains, whose ancient uplift, worn by immeasurable time and recent ice erosion, remains to form the largest rock-built island g Sent postpaid, upon receipt of price in cash or money order, by the Superintendent on our Atlantic coast; " I'Isle des Monts deserts," as Champlain of Documents, Government Printing Office, named it, with the keen descriptive sense of the early French ex- Washington, D. C. plorers. The coast of Maine, like every other boldly beautiful coast region in the world whose origin is nonvolcanic, has been formed by the II flooding of an old and water-worn land surface, which has turned its heights into islands and headlands, its stream courses into arms and reaches of the sea, its broader valleys into bays and gulfs. The Gulf of Maine itself is such an ancient valley, the deep-cut outlet of whose gathered waters may still be traced by soundings between Georges Bank and Nova Scotia, and whose broken and strangely indented coast, 2,500 miles in length from Portland to St. Croix- a straight line distance of less than 200 miles-is simply an ocean- drawn contour line marked on its once bordering upland. 1 4 LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK 5 in the "great harbor of Mount Desert," just off the present town ment's present title to its park lands spring. History is written of Southwest Harbor, which he laid out with his surveyors; he into its deeds. explored the island, noting its fine timber, its water power for During the first half of the nineteenth century Mount Desert Island sawmills, its good harbors, its abundance of wild meadow grass still remained remote and inaccessible, except to coasting vessels, but "high as a man," and of "wild peas "-beach peas, perhaps-for fishing hamlets gradually sprang up along its shore, the giant pines fodder, and its wealth of fish in the sea. He had himself rowed whose slowly rotting stumps one comes upon to-day among the lesser up Somes Sound, a glacial fiord which deeply penetrates the island, trees were cut and shipped away, town government was established, cutting its mountain range in two, and which he calls the river, roads of a rough sort were built, and the island connected with the as in that region other inlets of the sea are called to-day, follow- mainland by a bridge and causeway. Then came steam, and all took ing the custom of the early French. And he visited Somes, one on a different aspect. The Boston & Bangor Steamship Line was of the earliest settlers from the Massachusetts shore, then build- established ; a local steamer connected Southwest Harbor with it ing his log cabin at the sound's head where Somesville is to-day, through Eggemoggin Reach and Penobscot Bay, a sail of remarkable and walked across to see a beaver's dam nearby, whose "artificial- Then came the Revolution. Bernard's stately mansion on the of the beauty; and summer life at Mount Desert began. The first account ness" he wonders at. of it we have is contained in a delightful journal kept during a month's stay at Somesville in 1855 by Mr. Charles Tracy, of New shore of Jamaica Pond and his far-off island on the coast of Maine York, the father of Mrs. J. Pierpont Morgan, sr., who came with him both were confiscated, he taking the King's side and sailing away as a girl, and which is still preserved. The party was large-26 from Boston Harbor while the bells were rung in jubilation. And in all-and filled Somes's Tavern full to overflowing. In it, besides fife Mount Desert Island, once the property of the Crown of France, Mr. Tracy and his family, were the Rev. Dr. Stone, of Brookline, once of that of England, and twice granted privately, became again Mass., with his family; Frederick Church, the artist, and his sister; the property of Massachusetts. But after the war was over and and Theodore Winthrop, killed afterward in the Civil War, who Bernard had died in England, his son, John Bernard, petitioned to wrote John Brent, with its once famous description of a horse. They have his father's ownership of the island restored to him, claiming climbed the mountains, tramped through the woods, lost themselves to have been loyal himself to the colony, and a one-half undivided at night-half a dozen of them-and slept by a campfire in the wild; interest in it was given him. Then, shortly after, came the grand- drove over to Bar Harbor, then on to Schooner Head, where they daughter of Cadillac-Marie de Cadillac, as she signed herself-and slept at the old farmhouse, climbing the then nameless mountain her husband, French refugees of the period, bringing letters from with the cliff" that shadowed it at sundown, and drinking by the Lafayette, and petitioned in turn the General Court of Massachusetts pitcherful such milk as New York could not supply; and then, like to grant them her grandfather's possession of the island-asking it Hans Breitman, in climax to their stay they gave a party, importing not as of legal right but on a ground of sentiment, the gratitude of by the boat to Southwest Harbor the first piano the island had ever the colonies to France for assistance given in their War for Inde- seen and inviting to it the islanders and fisherfolk from far and pendence. And the General Court, honoring their claim, gave them near. It was a great success. They danced, they sang songs, they the other undivided half. Then it sent surveyors down and divided played games, and had a lobster salad such as only millionaires can the island, giving the western portion, including the town of South- have to-day, keeping up their gayety until 2 o'clock in the morning, west Harbor his father had laid out, to John Bernard, who promptly when their last guests-two girls from Bar Harbor who had driven sold it and went out to England and died governor of one of the themselves over for it-hitched up their horse and left for home in West Indies, being also knighted; and the eastern half, where spite of remonstrance and the offer of a bed. Such was the beginning Cadillac once had lived and where Bar Harbor, Seal, and Northeast of Mount Desert social life. Harbors are to-day, to Marie de Cadillac and her husband-M. and Ten years later, when the Civil War had swept over like a storm, Mme. de Gregoire-who came to Hulls Cove, on Frenchmans Bay, summer life began in earnest at Bar Harbor, compelled by the sheer and lived and died there, selling, piece by piece, their lands to beauty of the spot. No steamer came to it till 1868; then, for another settlers. It is from these two grants made by the Commonwealth season, only once a week. No train came nearer than Bangor, 50 of Massachusetts to the granddaughter of Cadillac and the son of miles away, with a rough road between. But still it grew by leaps Bernard, each holding originally by a royal grant, that the Govern- and bounds, overflowing the native cottages and fishermen's huts, fish 6 LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK 7 lobster. The native cottages expanded and became hotels, simple, lachian forest which at the landing of De Monts stretched without bare, and rough, but always full. The life was gay and free and a break from the St. Lawrence to the Gulf and is the oldest, by wholly out of doors-hoating, climbing, picnicking, buckboarding, the record of the rocks, and richest in existing species of any min- and sitting on the rocks with book or friend. All was open to gled hardwood and coniferous forest in the temperate zone. And wander over or picnic on; the summer visitor possessed the island. it possesses, also, a rich biologic field in the neighboring ocean, the Then lands were bought, summer homes were made, and life of a parent habitat of life. Deeper waters apart, the sea beach and new kind began. tidal pools alone form an infinite source of interest and study, while It was from the impulse of that early summer life that the move- the ocean climate, like the land one, is profoundly different from ment for public reservations and the national park arose, springing that to the southward, off the Cape Cod shore. from memory of its pleasantness and the desire to preserve in largest To take advantage of this opportunity an association has been measure possible the beauty and freedom of the island for the people's formed, incorporated under the name of the Wild Gardens of Acadia, need in years to come. The park, as a park, is still in its beginning. to cooperate with the Government in the development of the educa- When first accepted by the President as a national monument it con- tional and scientific features of the park and its environment. By tained, by estimate, 5,000 acres; now what it contains and what has means of it a marine biological laboratory has been established on been secured in recent years for its extension and the Government's the shore, material has been gathered for a book upon the wild flowers acceptance, taken together, amount fully to three times that acreage, of the park and wild gardens for their exhibition started, entomolog- and stretch across Somes Sound to include the western peaks and a ical collections have been made, and studies in the bird life and geol- wide frontage on the shore. Its lands have been throughout a gift ogy of the region. Plans are in the making for a museum to house to the Government, coming from many sources, and much personal collections, already made in part, of Indian implements found along. association is linked, closely and inseparably, with its formation. the shore, of maps and early charts and various historical material, It is still growing, and with the contiguous, landlocked ocean waters, of marine and other faunal specimens, and plant herbaria. The beautiful as lakes and nationally owned like it, to extend out onto, park itself is a living natural history museum, a geological and his- there is no limit to the number to whom it may give rest and pleasure toric area explained by the nature guide and lecture service which is in the future, coming from our crowded eastern cities, from which rapidly becoming a feature in our national parks. it is accessible by land or water, rail or motor car. Botanically Lafayette National Park forms an exceedingly inter- esting area. Champlain's term "deserts" in description of the A WILD-LIFE SANCTUARY mountains meant, in accordance with the original significance of One important aspect of our national parks and monuments is the word, "wild and solitary"; not "devoid of vegetation." Vege- that they-unlike the forests, devised to follow economic lines-are tation, on the contrary, grows upon the island with exceptional absolute sanctuaries, islands of shelter for the native life in all vigor, and in wide range of form. The native forest must-before but noxious forms. Like the monasteries in the Middle Ages that it was invaded by the axe-have been superb, and superb it will sheltered-all too fragmentarily-the literature and learning of again become under the Government's protection. Wild flowers are the classic period, they are a means of incalculable value for pre- abundant in their season, among them a number of species of con- serving in this destructive time the wealth of forms and species spicuous beauty, because of their loveliness in danger of extermina- we have inherited from the past and have a duty to hand on un- tion until the national park was formed and its lands became a diminished to the future, SO far as that be possible. sanctuary. The rocks, frost split and lichen-clad, with granite In this aspect of a wild-life sanctuary, plant and animal, La- sands between, are of a character that makes the mountain tops, fayette National Park is remarkable. Land and sea, woodland, with their bearberries and blueberries and broad ocean outlook, lake, and mountain all are represented in it in wonderful concen- wild rock gardens of inspiring beauty, while both mountain tops tration. In it, too, the northern and temperate zone floras meet and woods are made accessible by over a hundred miles of trails and overlap, and land climate meets sea climate, each tempering built by successive generations of nature-loving summer visitors. the other. It lies directly in the coast migration route of birds In addition to ocean, rocks, and mountain heights, to woods and and exhibits at its fullest the Acadian forest, made famous by wild flowers, and to trails trodden by the feet of generations, Evangeline, and the northernmost extension of that great Appa- 8 LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK 9 Lafayette National Park has a rich possession in an inexhaustible INFORMATION spring source of pure, delicious water rising-cool and constant- The office of Lafayette National Park is situated at Bar Harbor, from beneath the mountain at the entrance from Bar Harbor, and Me., on the corner of Main Street and Park Road, opposite the made, with its free gift of water to the passing public, a memorial Athletic Field. It is open daily except Sundays from 9 o'clock a. m. to the Sieur de Monts, the founder of Acadia. to 5 o'clock p. m. during the summer season, from June 15 to ROADS October 15; at other seasons, until 4 o'clock. The Bar Harbor Information Bureau immediately adjoins it upon A road of great beauty through the lake district of the park, con- Main Street, and is prepared to furnish visitors with all information necting Bar Harbor with the resorts upon the southern shore, Seal concerning train service and boat service, motor routes, fares, hotels and Northeast Harbors, has been opened to travel. Rising from this, and boarding houses, objects of interest, trails, and excursions, or to another road upon which work has lately been commenced is planned answer correspondence. Maps of Mount Desert Island, issued by to reach the summit of Cadillac Mountain, the highest point in the the United States Geological Survey and literature relating to the park range or on our eastern coast, replacing an early buckboard road park and to the history and natural history of its region may be ob- now washed away. Roads giving entrance to the park upon the tained from the office or the information bureau. northern or Bar Harbor side, with parking space for those who wish The superintendent of the park is George B. Dorr, to whom all to use the mountain trails, are under construction, as is also a system correspondence relating to the park should be addressed. of roads for use with horses which, when complete, will open other and wide sections of the park to a use that will recall the past, HOW TO REACH THE PARK preserving what the motor road has lost. Lafayette National Park may be reached by automobile, by rail MOTOR TRAVEL road, or by steamship. Visitors coming by rail are taken to Mount No place in the East offers an objective point of greater interest Desert Ferry, at the head of Frenchmans Bay, and thence across for motor travel than Lafayette National Park and its surrounding the bay, an 8-mile sail over beautiful and quiet waters, to Bar Harbor. coast resorts, which provide accommodations for its visitors. This For the motorist, Mount Desert Island is connected with the main- travel is already great, coming from all eastern and central sections land by a recently constructed steel and concrete drawbridge, termi- of the country. Opportunity for motor camping is provided in the nus of the Lafayette Highway connecting Bangor on the Atlantic park, and there are excellent stores, repair shops, and garages within Highway with Bar Harbor and the National Park. The road is easy reach. excellent. One may also motor to Rockland, at the entrance to FISHING Penobscot Bay, and take the sail thence to Bar Harbor or to North- Lafayette National Park combines the opportunity for excellent east or Southwest Harbors, with car aboard. fishing in fresh waters, of lake and stream, with that for deep-sea and The trip to the park may be made also by sea from Boston, by the coastal fishing in waters identical in life and character with those of boats of the Eastern Steamship Line running to Bangor, with the famous banks which lie offshore from it, across the Gulf of change at Rockland. Maine. Power boats, sail boats, canoes, and camping outfits can all be rented, with competent guides. MOTOR AND BOAT TRIPS From the park as center a wide variety of interesting motor trips, along the coast as far as to the Maritime Provinces and inland to Moosehead Lake and Mount Katahdin, can readily be made, and excellent cars for the purpose can be hired by visitors not coming in their own. From it also delightful trips by water can be made over island-sheltered reaches of the sea, extending from Frenchmans Bay to Penobscot Bay and River along the most beautiful section of our Atlantic coast. speed THE BEAUTIFUL SLAND OF MOUNT DESERT " Champlain' Map Endorsed by | Charles W. Elios the for the Trustees of Public Reservations, George B. Work autograph Edition no J 1939 RECORD OF MEETING. A special meeting of the Robert Abbe Museum of Stone Age Antiquities was duly called and held at the Assessors Room, Odd Fellows Building, Bar Harbor, Maine, on December 1, 1939, at ten o'clock in the forenoon, at which meeting the following were present: Fletcher T. Wood, George B. Dorr, C. C. Little, Wendall Hadlock, Amory Thorndike and Richard W. Hale. On motion duly seconded R. Amory Thorndike was elected to serve as Clerk pro tem in the absence of Mr. Rodick. The minutes of the last meeting were read and approved. On motion duly seconded the following named were duly elected members of the corporation: Maurice Sullivan, Bar Harbor, Maine, James F. Mitchell, 1344 Nineteenth St. Wash., D.C. Margery Sawtelle, Haverford, Pa. Mrs. Benjamin B. Whitcomb, Ellsworth, Me. Mrs. Wm. A. Alexander, Elisworth, Me. Wilfred A. Hennessey, Bangor, Maine William S. Moore, 7 East 96th St., New YorkCity Norman Shay, Bar Harbor, Maine, Arthur A. Hauck, U. of Ma, Orono, Maine Mrs. A. Murray Young, 988 Fifth Ave., New York City Hon. Henry Morgenthau, 1133 Fifth Ave., New York City Mrs. Maynard Jordan, Orono, Maine Dean 0. S. Lutes, U. of M., Orono, Me. Mrs. John S. Newbold, Jenkentown, Pa. On motion duly seconded it was voted to adjourn. Clerk Pro Tem. PRESIDENT DIRECTORS FLETCHER T. WOOD ROBERT ABBE MUSEUM OF STONE AGE FLETCHER T. WOOD CLARENCE c. LITTLE TREASURER ANTIQUITIES BENJAMIN L. HADLEY R. AMORY THORNDIKE WILLIAM J. SCHIEFFELIN ROSCOE c. E. BROWN CLERK BAR HARBOR, MAINE MRS. HERBERT BROWN WENDELL S. HADLOCK R. AMORY THORNDIKE CURATOR MRS. D. CAMERON-BRADLEY WENDELL S. HADLOCK Record of Annual Meeting Sept. 4, 1940 HENRY G. WOOD A meeting of the members of the Robert Abbe Museum of Stone Age Antiquities was duly held in accordance with the above call. There were present the following: Fletcher T. Wood, William J. Schieffelin R. Amory Thorndike, Marvin Frost, Mrs. Herbert Brown, Miss Mary Wheelwright, Richard Hale and Ralph Gowell. The Minutes of the last meeting were read and approved. Mr. Wood read a letter from Mr. Serenus B. Rodick in which he stated he did not wish to be re-elected Clerk nor be re-elected a Director thereof. On mothon duly seconded Mr. Wendell S. Hadlock was duly elected Clerk. On motion duly seconded the following were elected members of the Corporation: Mr. Marvin Frost, Judge Raymond Fellows, Mr. Ralph Gowell Mr. Benjamin L. Hadley, Mr. Arthur Train, Mr. Stephen Wheatland, NO Miss Susan Stinson, Miss Anna Stinson. GED. On motion duly seconded, it was voted to fix the number of directors to serve for the next year at nine. On Motion duly seconded, the following were duly elected directors: Fletcher T. Wood, William J. Schieffelin, Clarence C. Little, R. Amory Thorndike, Henry G. Wood, Benjamin L. Hadley, Roscoe C. E. Brown, Mrs. Herbert Brown, and Mrs. J. D. Cammron-Bradley. On motion duly seconded, the clerk was instructed to send copies of the resolution prepared by Mr. Roscoe C. E. Brown to santiving members of Judge Deasy's family. The Treasurer's report was duly read and accepted. The Curator's report was duly read and accepted. On motion duly seconded, the curator was instructed to keep at the Museum membership applications available to persons interested in becoming members of the corporation. Following this motion the meeting was thrown open to open discussion of the work of the Museum on the Ewing shell heap during the summer, and of a trip taken by the Curator in which he had located the source of a red flint used by the Indians in quanitties on the headwaters of the Aroostook River. Other topics duscussed were the change of climate over a period of two thousand years, the influence of the Greenland Esquimaux on the Indians of Maine, and the progress of a report covering the work done on shell-heaps the past two summers. it was voted to adjourn. On motion duly seconded, the ama I.3 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE CHICAGO, ILLINOIS ADDRESS ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE 54 April 29, 1944. Fletcher T. Wood, Fresh, Robert Abbe Museum of Stone Age Antiquities, Bar Harbor, Maine. Dear Mr. Wood: The letter of April 12, 1944, from the Officers of the Board of Trustees of the Robert Abbe Museum of Stone Age Antiquities is acknowledged with deep app preciation of the generous proposal you have made. The Abbe Museum would be a most valuable addition to the interpretive facil- ities of Acadia National Park. No legislation would be necessary in turning over the museum to the Nation Park Service. The Secretary of the Interior is authorized to accept gifts of this sert which merely involve an offer in accordance with a mitual agreement to the use and disposal of the property. While the endowment could also be ferred under the existing National Park Trust Fund Act, it would seen able for this fund to be retained and administered by the Board of Trustees for research and such other purposes as it may from time to time designate. The Bos of Trustees would thus have greater freedom of action in administering the fund staking appropriations for use of the income than would be possible in the Government to For administrative reasons it would be desirable for the National Park Service to have the museum building and the collections under its complete operative cons trol. The name of the maseum could, of course, be perpetuated by some mitually agreeable means and the administration of the endowment by the Board of Trustees would insure & continuation of the research and publication program. Some difficulty would be encountered at this time in regard to Mr. Hadlock's position. His services would be most acceptable, but appropriations have been ourtailed becanse of the war and consequently no funds could be made available for this extre position. Even if funds were to become available there would SM13 be the problem of a Civil Service appointment. All new appointments made at time are valid only until six months after the war at which time appointments be made from the eligible lists of the Civil Service Commission. There could be no assurance that Mr. Hadlock would be continued at that time. Such matters are subject to the Civil Service regulations which do not leave us any choice in the matter. Enabling legislation at this time, to cover this contingency, does not seen to be practical. VICTORY BUY After the Board of Trustees have considered the problems as outlined, I Smill be pleased to assist in any way possible to bring about a mutually solution. STAMPS Sincerely yours, Kuston Newton B. Daily Drury, Director. DIRECTORS MEETING A special meetin of the Robert Abbe Kuseum of Stone Age Antiquities was duly called and held at the First National Bank of Bar Harbor, Maine, on May 10th 1944, at three o'clock in the afternoon, Eastern ar Time, at which meeting the following Directors were present: Fletcher T. Food, George Berry, R. Amory Thorndike and Wendell S. Hadlock. Dr. Clarence C. Little and William J. Schieffelin were represented by proxy and had indicated their approval of the purposes of the meet- ing. A special meeting was called for the purposes of discussing what action might be taken to faciliate the transfer of the Robert Abbe Luseum to the United States Government and to discuss Mr. Hadlock's education for the coming year. A letter from Doctor Drury, U.S. National Park Service in which he vledges receipt of the Director's letter proposing the possibility of giving the Robert Abbe Museum of Stone Age Antiquities to the U .S. Government if Mr. Wendell Hadlock could be retained as Curator. Doctor Drury stated in his letter that the National Park Service is very desirous in securing the property of the Robert Abbe Museum but at this time no assurance could be given in regard to We dell Hadlock's future employment. It was decided that r. Hadlock should write Doctor Drury informing him of the Civil Service Status. Further action in regard to the transfer of the Tuseum was tabled until a reply from Doctor Drury could be received. After discussing Tr. Hadlocks proposed education and courses offered at various colleges the sum of $2500. O two thousand five hundred dollars of accumulated income was set aside to be used by Vr. Hadlock for his education. endell S. Hadlock Clerk OF UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Acadia National Park IN REPLY REFER TO: Hulls Cove, Maine 04644 D6215 August 24, 1970 Director Internal Revenue Service Washington, D. C. Dear Sir: The purpose of this letter is to show the relationship of the Robert Abbe Museum of Stone Age Antiquities to Acadia National Park. The Abbe Museum is located at Sieur de Monts Spring which is a most popular part of the park. Its building stands on park land and park crews maintain the nearby grounds and paths. Actually, the museum functions as a park facility. Park visitors by the thousands are directed by our people and chambers of commerce to the museum which is the only place on Mount Desert Island where one can learn about the Indians who lived here long ago. All of our public programs and public facilities planning is based on the assumption that the Abbe Museum will continue to meet the public demand for an archeological museum. Need- less to say, the cost for the National Park Service to duplicate the scientific collections and exhibits of the Abbe Museum would be prohibitive. Our program would suffer seriously should public use of the Abbe Museum be curtailed or terminated. Sincerely yours, John M. Good Superintendent THE ROBERT ABBE MUSEUM Bar Harbor, Maine THE ABBE MUSEUM'S FRENCHMAN BAY SURVEY - AN HISTORIC PERSPECTIVE III By Diane Kopec, Curator Bar Harbor, Maine, 1987 Reprint: The Maine Archaeological Society, Inc. Bulletin Volume 27, Number 1, Spring 1987 8/24/2020 Xfinity Connect I hope you are well and a question Printout Rebecca J Cole-Will 8/24/2020 10:19 AM I hope you are well and a question To Ron Epp Hi Ron, I hope you are staying safe during this period of craziness in the world. We at the park are mostly all teleworking and trying to keep our staff safe, take care of the park and respond to the, now, many visitors who are still coming. On top of the pandemic, there is the whole issue of Black (and Brown) Lives Matter, and heightened discussions about relevancy, inclusion and diversity. There are conversations going on within the park about the right stories to tell about national parks, whose stories are privileged and the meanings of memorial and authentic history. So that brings me to Dorr and the other white male power figures who did, in fact, found the park. I've been asked about Dorr's history and background (and tell them to read your book), and that of the other folks who are memorialized. And then the accuracy of accounts that Dorr and other removed the Indian encampments and banished the tribes from MDI in the early part of the century. Do you have any information about how it came to be that Dorr acquired the property now known as the ball field and how the Indian encampment was removed from there? I love the passion and energy of our many young educators and interpreters, but I do want to ensure that what we say is truthful and accurate. Thanks for your thoughts, [Becky J. Cole-Will] https://connect.xfinity.com/appsuite/v=7.10.3-6.20200722.052513/print.html?print_1598280162595 1/2 8/28/2020 Xfinity Connect Re a question_Printout RONALD EPP 8/28/2020 10:08 AM Re: a question" To Rebecca Cole-Will Hi Becky, So very good to hear from you. I am well and staying safe. It pains me not to visit MDI this Summer. perhaps this Fall.l hope you are self- isolating and dealing with the ever challenging park realities. Attached you will find a two-page response to your queries; there are four additional attachments documenting Dorr's account of the evolution of the athletic field which are being sent separately. Researching this anew has been useful for me. Rarely does a day go by when I do not open a file drawer in my archive n pursuit of some documents--and to add new content. Since the publication of Creating Acadia National Park I have been preoccupied with revisiting areas of the book where I can now dig deeper into areas that continue to interest me. One such area has been Dorr's ancestry, especially the evidence of the role of Dorr's maternal grandfather, Thomas Wren Ward, in shaping his grandson's character. In just the past week, besides your question others queries me about (1) why the park was not named George B. Dorr National Park, as Horace Albright referenced; (2) from the BHHS, what role did Dorr play in the development and distribution of the Abbe relief map, and (3) what role did Thomas Wren Ward play in the establishment of Mount Auburn Cemetery. Along with being stimulated by virtual lectures offered via Zoom at libraries, museums and historical societies, I manage to keep engaged as I approach my 78th birthday. Let me know your reaction to what is attached. Yours, https://connect.xfinity.com/appsuite/v=7.10.3-6.20200722.052513/print.html?print_1598623834945 1/2 Hi Becky, Regarding the athletic field property and "how the Indian encampment there was removed" the evidence is murky at best. On the other hand, I direct you to Dorr's essay in Sawtelle that explains the evolution of the athletic field which is clear (see attachment). My research has not provided evidence that Dorr was responsible for removal of the Indian encampments or that he had a hand in banishing the tribes from MDI. Those who wish to foster this viewpoint should provide evidence. Before Eden created a strong town government, the Bar Harbor Village Improvement Association took on responsibility for a wide array of town responsibilities, with the Dorr family figuring prominently in these endeavors. These minutes do not document votes of individual members. The minutes (summarized on their web pages) contain a reference to "a troublesome area known as 'Squaw Hollow' on the shores of Cromwell Harbor Brook and a resolution that the committee communicate and advise the Town Selectmen of the possibility of cholera from 'Squaw Hollow,' suggesting that the only safe way to deal with these conditions was to empty the place of its inhabitants and have the whole neighborhood disinfected." As you know, Asticou's Island Domain (pp. 330-32) also speaks to this issue at this location. According to George Neptune, "Naming the Dawnland," the annual Ledgelawn Avenue encampment at Squaw Hollow, was abandoned in 1920 "before the property was converted for public use." It is interesting that a year earlier (4/9/19), Dorr wrote to Frank Bond, head of the U.S. Board on Geographic Names his lengthiest description of indigenous behavior, laying the context for his proposed renaming of several mountains-including several he recommends to bear anew the names of "old Indian tribes." He appears here to allude to Squaw Hollow when he speaks of "earlier hotel days at Bar Harbor [when] they had an Indian summer village of their own, just outside the town, to sell their wares; and one still sees a few there every summer." I referenced this 9-page letter in "Superintendent Dorr and the Mountain Naming Controversy" [Chebacco 15 (2014)]; if you would like a copy of this letter from the archives of the USBGN, just ask. Though many may wish he had said -or done-more, in my view this letter gives the fullest rendering of Dorr's more scholarly interest in Dawnland peoples. While there were many encampments on MDI, the location of Squaw Hollow appears to be on the future athletic field though its location along Compass Brook varies. In Dorr's Memoirs one essay speaks to his establishment-at some unspecified date--of Park Street, where a "slum" area existed to the South. Dorr fears that the adjacent flat ground could fall into the "wrong hands" and become a detriment to the whole neighborhood. Being that it was also a poorly drained area, he "took charge" and installed a surface water drainage system SO that the area could become a "ball ground, the only one [children] had." He wrote of offering the field to the Ledgelawn Avenue Catholic nuns to relieve the owner (himself) of taxation. For reasons not stated, he later writes on October 16, 1941 that the land was given to the town of Bar Harbor where he "made it safe for all time, as long as Bar Harbor will endure." An untitled and undated 4-page essay in his Memoirs (see attachment) documents the process whereby the athletic field land owned by John S. Kennedy came into Dorr's hands though originally the property was to serve as a way station for the extended Transit Company system onto the island. When that project was abandoned, in 1909 Dorr executed his fallback plan--which Kennedy had approved and the Board authorized-"for temporary use of our Bar Harbor lands for athletic purposes." Kennedy family politics for a time interfered with title transfer but eventually "Dr. Schauffler said to Dorr 'The Athletic Field is yours!' Execution of the plan was delayed until after Mrs. Kennedy's death when The Dorr Foundation conveyed the athletic field to the town of Bar Harbor on November 14, 1934 (I have not researched in Ellsworth this transfer of ownership). There may be other first hand accounts of how Dorr acquired and managed the athletic field property. If so, I hope they are brought to my attention. As to the contemporary "discussions about relevance, inclusion, and diversity," I am reminded of the caution expressed during this era by ethnographer George Bird Grinnell: "No narrative about any people can do them justice if written by one who is not in some degree in sympathy with them, and acquainted with their ways of thought and with the motives that govern them." The extent to which the Bar Harbor privileged class was "in sympathy" with indigenous people must be decided individually. Following Grinnell's position, one must conclude on the basis of the archival documentation that there is not enough evidence to conclude that G.B. Dorr was or was not. Then again, Dorr fulfilled Dr. Abbe's wishes for a park museum of stone age culture. Does this action suffice as "sympathy"? Ronald H. Epp, Ph.D. 28 August 2020 Ro: 1909 timeframe Undated [ea. late 30's] (909 Attention (The surveys and studies the Transit Company made during the summer of 1907 having shown con- clusively the impossibility of extending railroad connection to Mount Desert Island and operating it successfully by electricity as our plan -- undertaken solely to avoid the building of a trolley line over the Island roads -- had con- templated, the lands secured in anticipation for its terminus at Ellsworth, Southwest Harbor and elsewhere were sold as opportunity offered, with the exception of that at Bar Harbor, from which I had from the beginning other, alternative views. In the autumn of 1909 Mr. Kennedy, who had subscribed by far the greater sum toward the Tran- sit Company enterprise, died. He had approved, without commitment of the future, my plan for tem- porary use of our Bar Harbor lands for athletic purposes as had my fellow directors on the Board and authorized, with them, the putting the land in condition for it at our company's expense > 2. (I now took up, the electric railway project at at end, making the use of the land for athletic pur- poses permanent with Mr. Kennedy's nephews, the Tods, trustees of his estate, whom I found thoroughly in sympathy with me in the matter and who offered their cooperation A word in explanation of what follows is needed here: Mrs. Kennedy, left alone after Mr. Kennedy's death, invited her sister and her sister's husband, the Rev'd Dr. Schauffler, Secretary of the Presby- terian Missionary Society in America, to make their home with her, with the result that she, already in- terested, presently became completely absorbed in the missionary undertakings of the Society, devoting to it her whole income, great as it still was, and even pledging it for years to come for the construction of buildings in China, Rome and elsewhere and their provision with endowments.