Harvard University: G.B.Dorr's Teachers/Education. CAME Educid 4810.465 vol. 1877 no d 12/100 711 HARVARD SEEF 26 LIBRARY EXAMINATION PAPERS. CTA COLLECTED AND ARRANGED R. F. LEIGHTON, A.M., MASTER MELROSE HIGH SCHOOL. Note: Published three years after SIXTH EDITION. Dorr's graduatin, this resource gives a clear idea of many of the standards that would have BOSTON : applied in 1870 when he GINN AND HEATH. was admitted to the class of 1877. 1874. due a 5518,8.5 0.465(1877) HARVARD COLLEGE SEE 26 1907 LIBRARY. PREFACE. Prof E. Emerton THE following questions make a complete set of the Examination Papers (except on the subject of Geometry) which have been used for admission to Harvard College Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1873, since 1860. No papers on Geometry are given previous BY R. F. LEIGHTON, to 1866, as the requisites for admission to that department a the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. were changed in that year. The papers on Trigonometry previous to 1871 are for examination for advanced stand- ing ; since then, for admission to Course II. These papers will furnish an excellent series of ques- tions on Modern, Physical, and Ancient Geography Gre- cian and Roman History; Arithmetic and Algebra; Plane and Solid Geometry; Logarithms and Trigonometry; Latin and Greek Grammar and Composition; Physics and Me- chanics. They have been collected and published in this form for the convenience of teachers and classes in high schools, and especially for pupils preparing for college. The papers for admission used hereafter, at the annual examinations in June and September, will be added every year to this volume. MELROSE, Mass., March, 1873. UNIVERSITY PRESS: WELCH, BIGELOW, & Co., CAMBRIDGE. no y CONTENTS. HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY 3 NOTE. MODERN AND PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. 22, 196, 216, 251, 258, 282, 308 GREEK COMPOSITION 27, 197, 219, 246, 259, 283 GREEK GRAMMAR 40, 199, 219, 245, 260, 284, 311 GREEK PROSE 197, 220, 247, 261, 285, 312 IN the Harvard University Catalogue, published by C. W. GREEK POETRY 198, 222, 263, 287, 315 Sever, Cambridge, a full collection of examination papers may LATIN COMPOSITION 63, 201, 223, 238, 265, 289, 317 LATIN GRAMMAR 85, 202, 224, 237, 265, 289, 318 be found, comprising not only the papers set for Admission to LATIN 203 - 207, 225, 228, 239 College, but also nearly all the final examination papers given FRENCH 109, 252, 279, 303, 329 GERMAN 304, 330 in the several Courses of Instruction in the College, the papers ARITHMETIC 111, 208, 229, 248, 272, 297, 323 given in the Divinity, Law, and Medical Schools, those set for ALGEBRA 134, 209, 230, 249, 273, 298, 324 ADVANCED ALGEBRA 157, 210, 256, 274, 299, 325 Admission to the Lawrence Scientific School, and those used at PLANE GEOMETRY 162, 211, 214, 232, 250, 274, 300, 326 SÓLID GEOMETRY the Preliminary Examinations for Women. These make about 172, 212, 232, 255, 275, 300, 326 ANALYTIC GEOMETRY 176, 213, 233, 254, 276, 301, 327 160 pages of close type each year. The price of the Catalogue LOGARITHMS AND TRIGONOMETRY 178, 208, 229, 302 PHYSICS 188, 307, 331, 332 is, in paper 50 cts., in cloth 75 cts. CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 306, 331 PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY 307,332 MECHANICS 190 ANCIENT HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY 195, 216, 257, 281, 308 ENGLISH COMPOSITION 215, 235, 278, 302, 329 PLANE TRIGONOMETRY 234, 253, 277, 328 BOTANY 279, 307, 332 APPENDIX. REQUISITES FOR ADMISSION TO HARVARD COLLEGE 335 APPENDIX. HARVARD COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE, Mass., 1876-77. ACADEMIC YEAR. The Academic Year begins on the Thursday following the last Wednesday in September, and ends on the last Wednesday in June. There is a recess of two weeks, beginning on the day before Christ- mas. REQUISITIONS FOR ADMISSION. Candidates for admission to College in 1877 must be examined in one of the two following Courses of Study, each embracing sixteen subjects. COURSE I. 1. Latin Grammar (including Prosody). 2. Latin Composition and Latin at sight. This will include the translation at sight of some passage in prose not included in the fol- lowing requisitions. 3. Caesar, Sallust, and Ovid. Caesar, Gallic War, Books I. - IV. ; Sallust, Catiline ; Ovid, four thousand lines. 4. Cicero and Virgil. Cicero, eight orations and the Cato Major Virgil, Eclogues, and the Aeneid, Books I. - VI. 5. Greek Grammar (including metres). 6. Greek Composition (with the accents). 7. Greek Prose. Goodwin and Allen's Greek Reader; or Xeno- phon's Anabasis, Books I.-IV. - and the seventh book of Herodotus. 8. Greek Poetry. Homer's Iliad, Books I.-III., - omitting the cata- logue of ships. APPENDIX. 337 336 APPENDIX. The following books will serve to indicate the nature and extent of 9. Arithmetic (including the metric system of weights and meas-. this requisition ures, and the use and rudiments of the theory of logarithms). The In Botany, Gray's How Plants Grow. examples requiring the use of logarithms at the examination will be In Physics, Balfour Stewart's Primer of Physics. adapted to a four-place table. In Chemistry, Roscoe's Primer of Chemistry. 10. Algebra (through quadratic equations). 11. Plane Geometry (as much as is contained in the first thirteen In Astronomy, Rolfe and Gillet's Handbook of the Stars (first 124 pages). chapters of Peirce's Geometry). Candidates who offer Botany will be required to give evidence that 12. Ancient History and Geography. Greek History to the death they can analyze simple specimens ; and those who offer Physics or of Alexander ; Roman History to. the death of Commodus. Smith's Chemistry, that they can perform simple experiments like those de+ scribed in the Primers referred to above. smaller histories of Greece and Rome will serve to indicate the amount of knowledge demanded in history. COURSE II. 13. Modern and Physical Geography. The following works will serve to indicate the amount of knowledge demanded in this subject 1. Latin Grammar (including Prosody). in modern geography, Guyot's Common School Geography, or Miss 2. Latin Authors. Caesar, Gallic War, Books I. and II. Cicero, Hall's Our World, No. 2 ; in physical geography, Guyot's Physical six orations and the Cato Major; Virgil, Aeneid, Books I. 1 VI Geography, Parts II. and III., or Warren's Physical Geography, the 3. Greek Grammar (including metres). first forty-nine pages. 4. Greek Authors. Goodwin and Allen's Greek Reader, first 111 14. English Composition. Each candidate will be required to write pages, or Xenophon's Anabasis, Books I. - IV. Homer's Iliad, Books a short piece of English, correct in spelling, punctuation, grammar, I. and II., omitting the catalogue of ships. division by paragraphs, and expression. The subject for 1877 will be 5. Arithmetic. This requisition is the same as No. 9 of Course I. taken from one of the following works: Shakspere's Henry V., Julius 6. Elementary Algebra. This requisition is the same as No. 10 of Caesar, or the Merchant of Venice.; Irving's Sketch Book; Scott Course I. Talisman or Marmion. 7. Advanced Algebra. This subject, with the preceding, is regarded 15. French or German. The translation at sight of easy French as embracing as much Algebra as is contained in the advanced text- prose, or of easy German prose if the candidate prefer to offer German books, such as the larger Algebras of Todhunter, Loomis, Greenleaf, Proficiency in elementary grammar, a good pronunciation, or facility etc. in speaking, will be accepted as an offset for some deficiency in trans- 8. Plane Geometry. This requisition is the same as No. 11 of lation. There will be no required examination in pronunciation, but Course I. it is recommended that attention be given to pronunciation from the 9. Solid Geometry (as much as is contained in Peirce's Geometry). outset. Candidates who offer German in place of French will be re 10. Plane Trigonometry (by the Analytic Method as much as is con- quired to study French in place of German during the Freshman year tained in the first six chapters of Peirce's Trigonometry, or in the large 16. Physical Science. One of the three following subjects, the BE print of the first eight chapters of Chauvenet's Trigonometry). lection of the subject being left to the candidate 11, The Elements of Plane Analytic Geometry (as much as is contained in Peck's Analytie Geometry, pages -151, omitting Artièles 40-43 1. Elementary Botany. 54, 57-61, 72, 74- and the more difficult problems) 2. Rudiments of Physics and of Chemistry. 12-16. These requisitions are the same as Nos. 12-16 of Course I. 3. Rudiments of Physics and of Descriptive Astronomy. APPENDIX. 339 338 APPENDIX. No particular text-book in Grammar is required but either Allen's A principal aim in providing these examinations is to encourage or Harkness's Latin Grammar, and either Goodwin's or Hadley's Ele- teachers to carry the studies of their brighter and more diligent pupils mentary Greek Grammar, will serve to indicate the nature and amount beyond the bare requisitions for admission, in whatever direction taste of the grammatical knowledge demanded. or opportunity may suggest. Full employment may thus be secured In Latin the following pronunciation is recommended as in for the most capable student until he is thought mature enough to father, à the same sound but shorter e like é in fête, e as in set i as enter College, while his greater progress in school will make his Col- in machine, r as in sit; as in hole, 8 as in nor as in rude, as in lege course more profitable by enabling him to take up his studies put j like y in year, c and g like Greek K and y. is at a more advanced stage, or to give more time to the studies of his Instructors are requested to teach their pupils in pronouncing Greek choice. It will be seen that a student may anticipate the whole work to use the Greek accents, and to give (for example) a the sound of a in of the Freshman year, and still remain four years in College. father, n that of a in fate, & that of i in machine, etc. It is earnestly recommended that the requisitions in Latin and Greek THE CLASSICS. Authors be accurately complied with real equivalents, however, will be accepted, as, for example, Caesar's Gallic War, Books V. and Candidates who present themselves upon Course I. may offer them- VI., in place of Sallust's Catiline two additional orations of Cicero selves for examination upon one or both of the following classical in place of the Cato Major; the seventh book of the Aeneid in place courses of the Eclogues the last five books of the Aeneid in place of Ovid. (1) Latin. Candidates who enter College on Course II. substitute elective stud- Livy, two books. ies, amounting to four exercises a week, either in Mathematics or in Horace, Odes and Epodes. some other subject, for the Mathematics of the Freshman year. The translation at sight of a passage from the philosophical works No partial substitutions or interchanges between Courses I. and II. of Cicero. will be allowed, but candidates can present themselves on both courses, The retranslation of the English of a similar passage into Latin. or on one course with additional subjects belonging to the other. (2) Greek. PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION. Plato, Apology and Crito. Candidates for admission to the Freshman Class are allowed to Homer, Iliad, Books IV. -VIII., or Odyssey, Books IV., IX.-XII. divide the examination into two examinations separated by an inter Euripides, Alcestis ; or Homer, Odyssey, Books V.-VII. val of not less than an academic year. No candidate, however, will The translation at sight of a passage from Xenophon. did be admitted to examination on a part of any subject, and no account Translation from English into Greek. will be made of, nor certificate be given for, the preliminary examina- Candidates who pass with credit these examinations in addition to tion, unless the candidate has passed satisfactorily in at least five sub the classical examinations of Course I. above will be placed in ad- jects. vanced sections in Latin or Greek, or in elective sections in Latin or OPTIONAL EXAMINATIONS. Greek, or in other subjects, at their option, in place of the Freshman The optional examinations will be held at the time of the examina studies thus anticipated. All those who hope to attain distinction in tions for admission in September those in Mathematics will also be classical studies are strongly advised to pass these examinations on held at the admission examinations in June. entering, with the view of taking advanced courses in the Classics. 310 APPENDIX. APPENDIX. 341 MATHEMATICS. 1. In the studies required for admission to the Freshman Class. Candidates who present themselves upon Course I. are at liberty to 2. In all the required studies already pursued by the class for offer/themselves for examination also upon subjects 7, 9, and 10, of which he is offered and in as many elective studies as he would Course II. and, upon passing such examination with credit, they have pursued if he had entered at the beginning of the course. will be admitted to an advanced section in Mathematics. All candidates for admission to advanced standing must be exam- Candidates who anticipate all the Freshman Mathematics will be ined either in June or in September, at the times of the regular ex- allowed to take elective studies in their place. aminations for admission to the Freshman Class, and in conformity Candidates who desire to attain special distinction in Mathematics with the following rules or Physics are advised to present themselves upon the advanced 1. All candidates for admission to advanced standing must first be Mathematical subjects of Course II. in addition to the requisitions examined for admission to the Freshman Class; for this examination of Course I. and also for examination on the studies of the Freshman year, they PHYSICS. may offer themselves either in June or in September. Candidates who pass a satisfactory examination at admission upon 2. The examination on the studies of the Sophomore and Junior the course in Physics of the Freshman year may substitute for that years is held only in September, at the time of the regular examination course an elective study. for admission to the Freshman Class. GERMAN. In the case of graduates of other colleges who seek admission to Candidates for admission who present French may offer themselves Harvard College, the examination will be directed to ascertaining for examination also in German Grammar and the translation of sim- from their acquired powers and attainments their fitness to join the ple German prose upon passing such examination with credit they class for which they offer themselves, a minute acquaintance with all will be allowed to substitute some elective course or courses in place the ground they have previously gone over not being essential. Such of the Freshman course in German. candidates should bring evidence of their standing at the colleges where they received their degree. PRESCRIBED STUDIES OF THE SOPHOMORE AND JUNIOR YEARS. Candidates for admission to the Freshman Class who are prepared TIMES OF EXAMINATION. to pass a creditable examination upon any of the prescribed studies of the Sophomore and Junior years may pass such examination at Two régular examinations for admission to the Freshman Class the beginning of the Freshman Year, instead of at the beginning are held each year, one at the beginning of the summer vacation, and of the year in which the study is pursued, and thereby relieve them- the other at the beginning of the academic year in the autumn. selves from attendance at the exercises in that study in College. In 1877 the first examination will take place on Thursday, Friday, and Saturday, June 28, 29, and 30 and the second examination on of be hi ADVANCED STANDING. Thursday, Friday, and Saturday, September 28, and 29. 10 Each -he iti Cobata dorars examination will begin at precisely '8 o'clock, A. M., on Thursday) 30 Candidates may be admitted to advanced standing as late as the The candidates will assemble in Harvard Hall Attendance on the beginning of the Senior year, provided they present themselves for three days is required. examination as directed below. The candidate for admission to ad. The first examination will be held also in Cincinnati and candi- vanced standing must appear on examination to be well versed in the dates who desire to be examined there must send their names to the following studies: Secretary before June 15. Persons not intending to enter College 342 APPENDIX. APPENDIX. 343 may pass the Cincinnati examination on payment of a fee of ten ANTICIPATION OF PRESCRIBED STUDIES. dollars. Candidates in Cincinnati will assemble at 8 A. M., on Thurs- As the prescribed studies of the Sophomore and Junior years are day, June 28, in some place to be announced in the daily papers of of an elementary character, students who wish to be relieved from that city. attendance at College exercises in one or more of them will be so No person will be examined for admission to College at any other time excused, if they pass a satisfactory examination in such study or than those above specified. studies at the time of their examination for admission, or at the beginning of the year in which the study is pursued in College. Preparation for such examination can often be made while the stu- ADMISSION WITHOUT MATRICULATION. dent is preparing for College, or in the long vacation, and time may The elective courses of study are open to persons not less than twenty- be thus gained for higher courses of study. one years of age, who satisfy the Faculty, without passing the usual For information concerning the College not contained in this cir- examination for admission, that they are fitted for the courses they cular the Catalogue should be consulted. select. They will receive no degree; but at the end of each academic The College itself no longer issues an annual catalogue. "The year they will receive a certificate of proficiency in those courses Harvard University Catalogue" (price in cloth, 75 cents in paper, which they pursue during the year, and in which they attain not less 50 cents) is published by MR. CHARLES W. SEVER, bookseller, Cam- than seventy-five per cent. bridge, Mass., to whom orders for it may be addressed. Persons who wish to avail themselves of this provision must pre- Circulars giving information about the professional schools of the sent themselves at Harvard Hall, September 27, 1877, at 10 A. M., University, the Scientific School, and the Bussey Institution, may with the necessary testimonials as to age, character, and fitness to be obtained on application to J. W. HARRIS, Secretary, Cambridge, M Mass. attend the courses they wish to pursue. TESTIMONIALS AND BOND. All candidates for admission are required, at the time of the final examination for admission to the Freshman Class, to produce certifi- cates of good moral character ; and students from other colleges are required to bring certificates from those colleges of honorable dis- mission. Every candidate, if admitted, must furnish to the Bursar a bond for four hundred dollars, executed by two bondsmen, one of them a citizen of Massachusetts, as security for the payment of College dues. If the student prefer, however, he may in place of the bond make a deposit with the Bursar for the same purpose. A similar bond for two hundred dollars, or a deposit, will be required of unmatriculated students. Coll. Sci. Grad. Div. Law Med. Den. Vet. Bus. Hon. B 3391 Dorr, George Bucknam 74-g hon BORN DIED COLLEGE Dec, SCIENTIFIC 1853, GRADUATE Boston, DIVINITY mass LAW MEDICAL August DENTAL VETERINARY 1944 at BUSSEY Bar Karliar Hon 8/44 maine 29 at 1888-89 1870-771 1889-90 per clipping B18. 4871-722 1890-91 1872-733 1873-744 AB 1874 SB AM a STB LLB MD DMD MDV BAS A.M. 1923 OCCUPATION S. M.(Hon.) Univ. Maine 1924 p 3/29 Gov - Lit DATE RESIDENCE DATE BUSINESS ADDRESS Ball '36 Bar Harbor. maine 1033/09 Somerset 42 Beacon St, 19 1913+ 18 to walth uses see 7/34 Boston mass H.F.C. 5/40 Old Farm Bar- Harbor, maine Son of Charles Hagen Dorr and mary Gray PATENTED Ward. MAY 25, 1897 LIBRARY BUREAU D2880, [1874] Hawaii Collage Class of 1874. Fiftie th Anniversary 1924] [87] Bennett, a- writer and translator of note. Three sons and a daughter have been born to them: all are married, and there are five grandchildren. The family home is at I2 Dane Street, Jamaica Plain, Boston, with a summer place, The Moorings, Ogunquit, Maine. GEORGE BUCKNAM DORR GEORGE BUCKNAM DORR was born in Jamaica Plain, Bos- GEORGE BUCKNAM DORR ton, December 29, 1853, son of Charles Hazen and Mary Gray (Ward) Dorr, and fifth in descent from Edward Dorr, who came to Massachusetts Bay Colony and settled in Rox- bury about 1660. Dorr prepared for college in Mr. Dix- well's school. After graduation Dorr lived for four years in Europe, spending some of the time in travel. Returning to the United States in 1878 he entered the Harvard Graduate School, and for three years read philosophy, history, and general literature. He served as chairman of the Visiting Committee on Philosophy, which with the help of President Eliot and the Faculty of the Department raised a fund for the building of Emerson Hall. Later he again travelled in Europe, and in Egypt and the Nearer East. He became in- JAMES DWIGHT 1917 terested in the opening fields of mental suggestion, thought transference and psychical research, working on the latter subject in conjunction with Professor William James and the English Psychical Research Society, which later pub- lished a volume on his work. He travelled in the West through the wilder portions, and took up the study of trees and landscape planting: he founded the Mount Desert Nur- series at Bar Harbor, and joined with President Eliot and Bishop William Lawrence in establishing the Hancock County, Maine, Trustees of Public Reservations. In 1916, on Mount Desert Island, in territory once a portion of the French Province of Acadia, Dorr founded Lafayette Na- tional Park, the first in the East or bordering the sea, and LOUIS DYER *1908 Nard College class of 1874. Effeenth Report. 1934] Sixtieth [14] [15] Portugal, and in that proscription concurs my good friend SO much of the Island's scenically important lands had been our doctor who lives next door. I intend, however, to rebel acquired and placed in public reservation with the Trustees and revolt." that jealousy arose, and a bill was introduced in the Maine Legislature, meeting in January, 1913, to take away their DORR writes from Bar Harbor: My life these last half charter and return their holdings to taxation. This bill I de- dozen years offers little outstanding of which a tale might be feated, but, after the hearing on it was over, returning to told. One lives more interiorly and less actively as the years Boston I went to President Eliot and told him what had hap- go by. pened, and that, without funds to develop or protect the But the story of the Acadia National Park, in brief out- lands we held, the only safe way, I thought, to secure the line, I will gladly tell. It sprang from a desire I shared with end we sought would be to get them accepted by the Federal President Eliot, a friend and neighbor on these shores, to Government as a national reserve. President Eliot, after a make safe from disfigurement, and free of access to the public first characteristic reaction that we could meet and fight the of the future, a great coastal landscape wherein for a term our attack as it arose, ended by agreeing, and I went to Wash- own homes were set. In September, 1901, President Eliot ington. " called a meeting at Seal Harbor of a few people upon whose What happened at Washington would be too long a interest in the matter he felt that he could count. The meeting story. I met with friends and I met with obstacles, but in was held, an association was formed, and President Eliot be- the end I accomplished what I set out to do. The eighth of came its president; I, its vice-president and executive officer. July, 1916, our lands were proclaimed by President Wilson, " Nothing further happened for the next half dozen years, on the recommendation of his Secretary of the Interior, but in September, 1907, President Eliot came to see me, laid Franklin K. Lane, to be the Sieur de Monts National Monu- up in my home after a surgical operation, to make a friendly ment, named in honor to Pierre de Guast, Sieur de Monts, visit and to tell me that an old friend of his and of my family, the founder of Acadia, under a commission given him by Mrs. Charles D. Homans of Boston, had given our associa- Henry IV of France to take possession of the land, to colo- tion its first gift of land, a bold rock-headland looking to the nize it and Christianize it, laying the foundation for the south across the sea, with a little mountain lake, sunk in French Dominion in America. Two years and some months woods, which lay behind it, the Beehive and the Bowl. later this Monument was made a National Park by Act of Encouraged, I told President Eliot that as soon as I got Congress, first in the least, and unique in coastal situation, and upon my feet again I would try what I could do to get the in being created wholly by the gift of citizens. It bears the dominant and crowning summit of the Island, Cadillac name Acadia National Park." Mountain, SO named by the Government on the Park's es- tablishment in memory of the Island's first private owner, JOHN FARLOW writes, May 2, 1934: continue to Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac, soldier of Acadia and founder live at 127 Bay State Road, Boston, in the winter, and since of Detroit. It is this summit, now widely visited, to which the 1930 have spent the summers in the White Mountains, New Mountain Road, completed by the Federal Government two Hampshire. I have not engaged in any business or profes- years ago, ascends. sional activities for a number of years, my duties as Librarian With the help of a friend, I secured the land that fall, Emeritus of the Boston Medical Library being merely nomi- and, availing of every opportunity, at the end of four years nal. The monthly meetings of the Massachusetts Historical G.B. Dorr's Harvard Years ( 1870-1874): His Teachers F.E. Anderson, B.A. Chicago 1969, A.M. Harvard 1872 Tutor (1870-72), Asst. Prof. of Greek (1873-78) F. Bowen. Alford Professorship of Natural Religion, Philosophy, and Civil Polity (1853-89) Frances Bowen Ferdinand Bocher. A.M. Professor of Modern Languages (1870-1902) Francis James Child. Boylston Professor of Rhetoric and Oratory. (1851-1876) C.F. Dunbar. Professor of Political Economy. His appointment marked a new stage in the teaching of that subject independent of the traditional moral philosophy (as taught by Bowen). Dean of College Faculty (1871-1900). Dean of Faculty of A & S (1876-1882) Arthur Irving Fiske. A.M. 1869. Honors in Greek, Latin, and Ancient History. Tutor. H.W. Fay George Anthony Hill. A.B. 1865, A.M. 1870. Tutor (1865-71). Asst. Prof. Physics (1871-1876) Henry Howland. A.B. Honors in Greek, Latin, and Ancient History (1969). D. Phil. U. of Heidelberg (1872). LL.B. Harvard (1878). Tutor (1872-1874). Instructor of History and Political Economy (1872-1874). C.L. Jackson. Asst. Prof. of Chemistry. Abroad 1873-75 for research in Germany. Later Erving Professorship of Chemistry (1894-1912) Authored chemistry chapter in S.E. Morison's Development. George Herbert Palmer. Later Alford Professorship (1889-1913) formerly held by F. Bowen. Successor is Josiah Royce (1914-1916). Authored lead chapter with R.B. Perry of Morison's Development. Andrew Preston Peabody. Plummer Professor of Christian Morals, and Preacher to the University (1860-1881). Acting President of the University (1862). William Henry Pettee. A.B. 1861. Instructor in Mining (1869-1871), Asst. Prof. (1871-1875) E.P. Seaver. A.B. 1864, A.M., LL.B. 1870. Asst. Prof. of Mathematics (1869-1874) Note: See G.Santayana. Personsand Places: Trade ed. M.I.T.Pess, 1987. 2. Clement Law Smith. A.B. Haverford, 1860. A.B. Harvard, 1862. Tutor of Latin (1870-1873), Asst. Prof. (1873-1883), and continued until appointment as Pope Professor 1901-1904. John Throwbridge. S.B. 1865, S.D. Physics, 1873, Asst. Prof. (1870-188) and later Rumford Professorship and Lectureship on the Application of Science to the Useful Arts (1888-1910) Charles J. White. A.B. 1859. was appointed a member of the Mathematics department by presidential fiat "though his mathematical knowledge never went beyond the point which a man specially interested in classics needed to reach in order to get a Harvard A.B." (Morison, Development) Asst. Prof. Mathematics. (1872) Roger Wolcott. A.B. 1870. LL.B. 1874. Tutor in French and History (1870-1871). Later Governor of Massachusetts. Sources: The Historical Register of Harvard University 1836-1936. C. 1937. www.math.harvard.edu/history/officers/officers.txt See also Harvard University Yearly Returns; Annual Scales; General Scales; Yearly Returns: Examinations and Aggregates; and Absences and Tardiness at Recitations and Lectures-all for 1870-1874. This is not a complete list since faculty did not always sign their grade reports to the administration. September 9, 2007 BIB[AND (francis james schild[1,1016,2,3,4,6,3,3,5,100]AMC[1,5080,4,2])](11-1) Page 1 of 1 Records 11 through 11 of 29 returned. Author: Child, Francis James, 1825-1896. Title: Papers, 1842-1925. Description: 4 boxes (1.5 linear ft.) Local Call No: MS Am 1922-1922.2 Notes: Child graduated from Harvard University in 1846. He was an American philologist and professor of English at Harvard who studied, collected and cataloged folk ballads. Correspondence of Francis J. Child, together with personal account books from his student years at Harvard, notebooks, journals, and commonplace books. Also includes correspondence of Child's wife, Elizabeth Ellery Sedgwick Child; and letters, 1912-1925, to Gilbert Campbell Scoggin concerning Francis J. Child; and a daguerreotype of a group including Child and his wife. Gift of Mrs. Gilbert Campbell Scoggin, 1945. Electronic finding aid available http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:Fhcl.Hough:hou00096 For MS Am 1922, unpublished print finding aid available in the Houghton Reading Room reference collection, or consult the Houghton Accessions Records, 1973-1974, under *73M-94. For MS Am 1922.1 and 1922.2, unpublished print finding aids available in the Houghton Accessions Records, 1945-1946, under *45M-584-593; and *45Z-8. Francis James Child Papers (MS Am 1922-1922.2) Houghton Library, Harvard University. Subjects Child, Francis James, 1825-1896. Norton, Charles Eliot, 1827-1908. Harvard University -- Faculty. Harvard University -- Students. American literature -- 19th century. Ballads, English. Philologists -- United States. Account books. aat Commonplace books. aat Daguerreotypes. aat Harvard graduates' papers. local Other authors: Child, Elizabeth Ellery (Sedgwick) Scoggin, Gilbert Campbell, recipient. Location: MH-H Houghton Library, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138. MS Am 1922-1922.2 Control No. : MAHV86-A220 Tagged display | Previous Record | Next Record I Brief Record Display | New Search This display was generated by the CNIDR Web-Z39.50 gateway, version 1.08, with Library of Congress Modifications. http://www.loc.gov/cgi-bin/zgate?present+270622+Default+11+1+F+1.2.840.10003.5.10+3... 8/5/2007 Francis James Child - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Page 1 of 6 Francis James Child From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Francis James Child (February 1, 1825 - September 11, 1896) was an American scholar, educator, and folklorist, best known today for his collection of folk songs known as the Child Ballads. Child was Boylston professor of rhetoric and oratory at Harvard University, where he produced influential editions of English poetry. In 1876 he was named Harvard's first Professor of English, a position which allowed him to focus on academic research. It was during this time that he began work on the Child Ballads. The Child Ballads were published in five volumes between 1882 and 1898. They are a major contribution to the study of English- language folk music. [1] Contents Frances James Child. Undated portrait by wood engraver Gustav 1 Biography Kruell (b. Germany, 1843 - d. 2 See also California, 1907) 3 Notes 4 References 5 Online Resources Biography Francis James Child was born in Boston, Massachusetts. His father was a sailmaker, "One of that class of intelligent and independent mechanics" wrote his friend, scholar and social reformer Charles Eliot Norton, "which has had a large share of developing the character of our democratic community, as of old the same class had in Athens or in Florence." ² The family was poor, but thanks to the city of Boston's system of free public schools the boy was educated at the Boston's Grammar and English High Schools. There his brilliance came to the attention of the principal of the Boston Latin School, Epes Sargent Dixwell, [3] who saw to it that the promising youngster was furnished with a scholarship to attend Harvard. At Harvard, "Frank" (nicknamed "Stubby" on account of his short stature), excelled in all classes and also read widely for his own pleasure outside his studies. Although shy and diffident on account of his working-class origins, he was soon recognized as "the best writer, best speaker, best mathematician, the most accomplished person in knowledge of general literature" [4] and he soon became extremely popular with his classmates. He was graduated in 1846, topping his class in all subjects and was chosen Class Orator by his graduating class (of sixty), who received his valedictory speech with "tumultuous applause". [5] Upon graduation Child was appointed tutor in mathematics at Harvard and in 1848 was transferred to a tutorship in history, political economy, and English literature. In 1848, Child published a critically annotated edition (the first of the kind to be produced in America) of Four Old Plays of the early English Renaissance. [6] There were then no graduate schools in America, but a loan from a benefactor, Jonathan I. Bowditch, to whom the book was dedicated, enabled Child to take a http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_James_Chil 12/19/2010 Francis James Child - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Page 2 of 6 leave of absence from his teaching duties to pursue his studies in Germany. There Child studied English drama and Germanic philology at the University of Göttingen, which conferred on him an honorary doctorate, and at Humboldt University, Berlin, where he heard lectures by the linguists Grimm and was much influenced by them. In 1851, at the age of 26, Child succeeded Edward T. Channing as Harvard's Boylston Professor of Rhetoric and Oratory, a position he held until Adams Sherman Hill was appointed to the professorship in 1876. Harvard had at that time an enrollment of 382 undergraduates and a faculty of 14, including the president of the University, who was then James Walker.17 As a mathematician, wrote folklore scholar David E. Bynum, Child came to his interest "in what he variously called 'popular', 'primitive', or 'traditional' balladry not by accident but by force of logic": Child well understood how indispensable good writing and good speaking are to civilization, or as many would now prefer to say, to society. For him, writing and speaking were not only the practical means by which men share useful information, but also the means whereby they formulate and share values, including the higher order of values that give meaning to life and purpose to human activities of all sorts. Concerned as he thus SO greatly was with rhetoric, oratory, and the motives of those mental disciplines, Child was inevitably drawn into pondering the essential differences between speech and writing, and to searching for the origins of thoughtful expression in English. [8] During the twenty-five years Child was Professor of Rhetoric at Harvard he undertook general editorial supervision of the publication of a 130-volume collection of the works of the British poets, many not previously generally available to the reading public, which began appearing 1853. The volumes on the works of Edmund Spenser (five volumes, Boston, 1855) and the English and Scottish Ballads (in eight small volumes, Boston, 1857- 1858), Child edited himself. [9] Child planned a critical edition of the works of Chaucer, as well. He soon realized that this could not be done, however, since only one early (and faulty) text was available. He therefore wrote a treatise, blandly titled "Observations on the Language of Chaucer", published in the Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1863), intended to make such an edition possible. [10] Child's linguistic researches are largely responsible for how Chaucerian grammar, pronunciation, and scansion are now Child, a devotee of antique roses, generally understood. [11] photographed (probably by Charles Eliot Norton), in his rose garden. Verses about "the rose and the briar" Child's largest undertaking, however, grew out of the original occur in many ballads. English and Scottish Ballads volume in his British Poets series. The material for this volume was mostly derived from texts in previously published books. In compiling this work he realized that the folio manuscript of Percy's Reliques, from which most of these texts were drawn, was not available for public inspection, and he set about to remedy this situation. In the 1860s he campaigned energetically for public support to enable the Early English Text Society, founded by philologist Frederick James Furnivall, to obtain a copy of Percy's Folio and publish it, which they did in 1868. Child and Furnivall then went on to found The Ballad Society, with a view to publishing other important early ballad collections, such as that of Samuel Pepys. [12] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_James_Chil 12/19/2010 Francis James Child - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Page 3 of 6 In 1876 University of California President Daniel Gilman offered Child a research professorship at the newly established Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, which Gilman was in the process of organizing. Johns Hopkins was the first American university conceived on the German research model initiated by Humboldt and divided into departments representing "the branches of knowledge", with elective subjects and a graduate school dedicated to advanced studies. [13] In order to retain him, Harvard's president Charles William Eliot created the tile of "Professor of English" especially for Child, freeing him from supervising oral recitations and correcting composition papers SO that he could have more time for research. [14] Thereafter, Child devoted himself to the comparative study of British vernacular ballads, using methods adopted from historical comparative philology to arrive at the earliest attested versions. Child considered that folk ballads came from a more democratic time in the past when society was not divided into classes, and the "true voice" of the people could therefore be heard. He conceived "the people" as comprising all the classes of society, rich, middle, and poor, and not only those engaged in manual labor as Marxists sometimes use the word. [15] Although Child concentrated his collections on manuscript texts with a view to determining their chronology, he also gave a sedulous but conservative hearing to popular versions still surviving. [16] Child carried his investigations into the ballads of languages other than English, engaging in extensive international correspondence on the subject with colleagues abroad, primarily with the Danish literary historian and ethnographer Svend Grundtvig, whose monumental twelve-volume compilation of Danish ballads, Danmarks gamle Folkeviser, vols. 1-12 (Copenhagen, 1853), was the model for Child's resulting canonical five-volume edition of some 305 English and Scottish ballads and their numerous variants. [17] Since the ballads were known to have been a pan-European (and North African) phenomenon, Child and Grundtvig also consulted with numerous scholars in other parts of the world, such as, for example, the Sicilian physician, folklorist, and ethnographer Giuseppe Pitrè. [18] Child's final collection was published as The English and Scottish Popular Ballads, at first in ten parts (1882-1898) and then in five quarto volumes, and for a long time this collection was the authoritative treasury of their subject. Professor Child worked and overworked to the last, dying in Boston after completing his task - apart from a planned general introduction and bibliography. A biographical introduction was prefixed to the work by his son-in-law and chosen successor George Lyman Kittredge. A commemorative article in the 2006 edition of the Harvard Magazine states: Child's enthusiasm and erudition shine throughout his systematic attempt to set the British ballad tradition in context with others, whether Danish, Serbian, or Turkish. He made no attempt to conceal or apologize for the sexuality, theatrical violence, and ill-concealed paganism of many ballads, but it is characteristic of the man that in his introduction to "Hugh of Lincoln," an ancient work about the purported murder of a Christian child by a Jew, he wrote, "And these pretended child-murders, with their horrible consequences, are only a part of the persecution which, with all moderation, may be rubricated as the most disgraceful chapter in the history of the human race."[19] Child added to the Harvard University Library one of the largest folklore collections in existence. He served two terms as president, in 1888 and 1889, of the American Folklore Society, which was founded with the mission of collecting and preserving African-American and Native American folklore equally that of European derivation. George Lyman Kittredge succeeded Child as Professor of English literature and modern languages at Harvard and considered himself the custodian of Child's scholarly legacy. Kittredge was president of the American Folklore Society in 1904. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_James_Child 12/19/2010 Francis James Child - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Page 4 of 6 He is buried in the cemetery in Stockbridge, Massachusetts, in the "Sedgwick Pie", since (like Charles Eliot Norton), he married into the Sedgwick family. His grave is not far from that of Mumbet, the first slave to sue for her freedom in the courts, based on the law, and win, in 1781, and whose lawyer was Theodore Sedgwick. For a listing of all the Child ballad types, and links to more information on each individual type, see List of the Child Ballads. See also Il Pesceballo Notes 1. ^ Musical Traditions (http://www.mustrad.org.uk/reviews/child.html) 2. ^ Charles Eliot Norton, "Francis James Child", Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 32: 17 (Jul., 1897), pp. 333-339. Norton was Francis James Child's classmate at Harvard and became life-long friend. See James C. Turner, The Liberal Education of Charles Eliot Norton (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2002). 3. See "Epes Sargent Dixwell", Daedalus: journal of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 35 (1900): 625. http://books.google.com/books? =TD0kOMNqrk4C&pg=PA625&lpg=PA625&dq=epes+sargent+dixwell&source=bl&ots=egGffk4IlV&sig= 20sargent%20dixwell&f=false) 4. ^ Turner (2002), p. 50. 5. ^ Turner (2002), p. 54 6. ^ Four Old Plays: Three interludes: Thersytes, Jack Jugler and Heywood's Pardoner and frere: and Jocasta, a tragedy by Gascoigne and Kinwelmarsh, with an introduction and notes (http://books.google.com/books? id=nn40AAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Four+Old+Plays:+Three+interludes:+Thersytes,+Jack+Jug 27s+Pardoner+and+frere:+and+Jocasta,+a+tragedy+by+Gascoignetand+Kinwelmarsh,+with+an+introduction, wbSTPPKHMT38AalnezWDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBUQ6AEwAA#v=on 7. ^ David E. Bynum, Child's Legacy Enlarged: Four Generations of Oral Literary Studies at Harvard University Since 1856 (Cambridge, Mass.: Center for the Study of Oral Literature, 1974)./ 8. ^ David E. Bynum (1974). 9. ^ His Spenser, according to Professor Kittredge, "remained after forty years the best edition of Spenser in existence" (quoted in The Cambridge History of English and American Literature, 1907-1921, Vol. XVIII (http://www.bartleby.com/228/0243.html)) 10. ^ The Cambridge History of English and American Literature, (1907-1921), cit. 11. ^ According to the Cambridge History of English and American Literature (1907-21), Child's: "Observations on the Language of Chaucer" (1863) put definitely out of date the random and arbitrary opinions - favourable or unfavourable, untrue or accidentally true - which critics had ever since the Renaissance been pronouncing upon Chaucer's versification, and placed the matter henceforth upon a basis of exact knowledge. Child's work has not had to be done over again; it has been the point of departure for later research, and remains the classic memoir in this field. 12. ^ See Sigrid Rieuwerts, "The Genuine Ballads of the People': F. J. Child and the Ballad Cause," Journal of Folklore Research: 31: 1-3 (1994): 1-34. 13. ^ See Gerald Graff, Professing Literature: An Institutional History (University of Chicago Press, 1987). 14. ^ Jill Terry Rudy, "Transforming Audiences for Oral Tradition: Child, Kittredge, Thompson, and Connections of Folklore and English Studies," College English: 66: 5 (May 2004): 532. 15. In his 1978 book Popular Culture in Early Modern Europe (New York: Harper and Row, 1978), Peter Burke argues that before 1800 all classes of society did participate in popular culture in just this way. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_James_Chile 12/19/2010 Francis James Child - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Page 5 of 6 16. The next generation of scholars engaged directly in field research from oral sources, and some, like music educator Cecil Sharp, who was primarily interested in finding the tunes for the Child ballads, also collected music and dances. 17. For more about Grundtvig and Child, see Sigurd Bernhard Hustvedt, Ballad Books and Ballad Men (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1930), pp. 175-204 and 205-229, as well as their correspondence, pp. 247-300. 18. ^ Pitrè, who was the founder of the Italian Folklore Society and became an honorary member of the American Folklore Society in 1890. 19. ^ John Burgess, "Francis James Child: Brief life of a Victorian Enthusiast: 1825-1896" (Harvard Magazine, May-June 2006 (http://harvardmagazine.com/2006/05/francis-james-child.html)) References This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed (1911). Encyclopcedia Britannica (Eleventh ed.). Cambridge University Press. Atkinson, David. "The English Revival Canon: Child Ballads and the Invention of Tradition". The Journal of American Folklore: 114: 453 (Summer, 2001): 370-80. Atkinson, David. The English Traditional Ballad: Theory, Method, and Practice. Aldershot, UK and Burlington, Vt.: Ashgate, 2002. Cheeseman, Tom, and Sigrid Rieuwerts, editors. Ballads into Books: The Legacies of Francis James Child. Selected Papers from the 26th International Ballad Conference (SIEF Ballad Commission), Swansea, Wales, 19-24 July 1996. Berlin (etc.): Peter Lang Verlagsgruppe, (Second Revised Edition) 1999. Graff, Gerald. Professing Literature: An Institutional History. University of Chicago Press, 1987. Rieuwerts, Sigrid. "The Genuine Ballads of the People': F. J. Child and the Ballad Cause". Journal of Folklore Research, 31: 1-3 (1994): 1-34. Rudy, Jill Terry. "Considering Rhetoric's Wayward Child: Ballad Scholarship and Intradisciplinary Conflict." Journal of Folklore Research: 35:2 (May 1998): 85-98. Rudy, Jill Terry. "Transforming Audiences for Oral Tradition: Child, Kittredge, Thompson, and Connections of Folklore and English Studies." College English: 66: 5 (May 2004). Online Resources Biography of Francis James Child at The Contemplator (http://www.contemplator.com/history/childbio.html) Burgess, John. "Francis James Child: Brief Life of a Victorian Enthusiast: 1825-1896". Harvard Magazine, May-June, 2006. (http://harvardmagazine.com/2006/05/francis-james-child.html) Olsen, Ian. Review of Mark and Laura F. Heinman's, Corrected Second Edition of Francis James Child's English and Scottish Popular Ballads, volume 1, in Musical Traditions internet magazine. http://www.mustrad.org.uk/reviews/child.htm) "Francis James Child" entry 43 in The Cambridge History of English and American Literature in 18 Volumes (1907-21). Volume XVIII. Later National Literature, Part III, XXV. Scholars, no. 43. "Francis James Child". (http://www.bartleby.com/228/0243.html) Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_James_Child" Categories: American folklorists American folk-song collectors American educationists Harvard University faculty 1825 births 1896 deaths This page was last modified on 1 December 2010 at 03:36. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. See Terms of Use for details. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_James_Child 12/19/2010 Child's Legacy Enlarged: Oral Literary Studies at Harvard Since 1856 David E. Bynum OETRY and storytelling began SO long ago in prehistoric time P that no one can scientifically even guess how or when they originated. But one thing is certain. Our biological ances- tors did not cease to be a mere species of animal and become mankind until the capacity for rhythmic language and narration had evolved in them. In myth the world over, these mental powers are said to be god-given and divine. They are at the very least indispens- able to any practical definition of humanity. For many millenia the only instrument of rhythmic words and nar- rative known in any part of the world was the tongue men were born with, not the stylus or the pen, for writing was not invented until too late in human evolution for it to reveal anything about the origin of speech. So for long ages the only way any knowledge could survive from one generation to another was through oral tradition. Rhythmical speech was the world's first great medium of communication for com- plex ideas, and there were certainly media men of astonishing skill long before anyone on earth knew how to write. In North America the scientific study of oral traditions began at Harvard College just a little more than a century ago. For 116 years, Harvard College has been collecting oral traditions and disseminating knowledge about them to anyone who could use that knowledge to good purpose. Three men of the Harvard faculty launched this bril- liant movement in American intellectual life. They were Francis James Child, George Lyman Kittredge, and Milman Parry. The fol- lowing pages are about those three men, their ideas, and their con- tinuing impact on the life of our own time. More than any literate men before them, Professors Child, Kittredge, and Parry saw the protean shapes of pre-literate speech at work in the 237 22,# (1974) Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. 14 PLATE II FRANCIS JAMES CHILD THIS PHOTOGRAPH, APPARENTLY TAKEN BY CHARLES ELIOT NORTON, WAS FOUND AMONG KITTREDGE'S PAPERS IN THE HOUGHTON LIBRARY; IT SHOWS CHILD, WHO WAS FAMOUS FOR HIS ROSE-GARDENING, IN THE YARD OF HIS HOME ON KIRKLAND STREET. Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. 5/26/2016 Harvard Magazine Your independent source for Harvard/news since 1898 HARVARY MAGAZINE Log-In Register Remaking the Mosquito The end of malaria! HARVARD MAGAZINE Search ARTICLES CURRENT ISSUE ARCHIVES CLASS NOTES CLASSIFIEDS DONATE YOUR SUPPORT makes Harvard DONATE Magazine possible. FEATURES Francis James Child Brief life of a Victorian enthusiast: 1825-1896 by JOHN BURGESS MAY-JUNE 2006 F rancis James Child, A.B. 1846, was a model of nineteenth-century academic Commencement achievement. Named Harvard's Boylston professor of rhetoric and oratory at 26, he was one of his century's leading Chaucer scholars and received 2016 Click Here to read our online coverage sponsored by honorary degrees from his alma mater, Columbia, and Göttingen. His close friends the Harvard Alumni Card and included Oliver Wendell Holmes, Henry and William James, and Charles Eliot the Harvard Alumni Association Norton. Yet today he is better remembered than many distinguished colleagues because, at the height of his career, he decided to apply a gift for scholarship honed on the study of traditional literature to the oral traditions of the folk ballad. On Readers' Radar That a sailmaker's son achieved eminence of any sort was largely because the Boston of his youth was progressive enough to offer free public educationat least for white boysand 1. Rashida Jones '97: "Don't Just Follow small enough to spot and foster talent. His record at Boston Grammar and Boston English came the Rules" to the attention of Epes Sargent Dixwell, A.B. 1827, headmaster of Boston Latin, who facilitated 2. Sarah Jessica Parker Speaks at his admission to that school and then to Harvard College. Harvard Law School Class Day 2016 3. Madeleine Albright Urges Graduates to Look Beyond America's Borders 4. Live Life to Its Fullest, HBS Class Day Speakers Urge 5. Final Club Fallout http://harvardmagazine.com/2006/05/francis-james-child.html 1/3 5/26/2016 Harvard Magazine Introducing the Harvard Alumni Card An undated engraving of Child, by Gustav Kruell. Note the rose at the upper right. The provenance of this portrait is unknown, but roses figure in a number of the Child ballads, and Child had a rose garden of his own. Engraving courtesy of Harvard University Archives. Color added by Mark Felton Child graduated first in his class and became a College tutor in mathematics and then in history, political economy, and English. When a benefactor lent him funds for a trip to Europe, he took a leave of absence from 1849 to 1851 to study in Berlin and Göttingen, an extraordinary opportunity given his youth and background. On his return, he became Boylston professor, a post he held for a quarter-century before becoming Harvard's first professor of English, in 1876. He served as general editor of the British Poets, a popular series that ran to 150 volumes. He issued a five-volume edition of Spenser's poems and the influential Observations on the Language of Chaucer. And he introduced generations of undergraduates to these poets, to Shakespeare, and to the Romantics. He combined scholarship with a gift for friendship. He corresponded for three decades with James Russell Lowell"Jamie," even when Lowell was ambassador to Great Britainand for near-ly two decades with Miss Emily Tuckerman of Stockbridge, Mas-sa-chusetts, in each case combining his love of literature with a sense of humor and humility not always associated with his fellow academics. Time remained for his rose garden, his family, and more worldly demands. Though ill-suited by nature to the rough and tumble of politics, he canceled classes to canvass for Lincoln during the Civil War and joined in local political battles on behalf of his adopted Brahmin class with enthusiasm, if not success. But increasingly his life was dominated by one great and abiding passionthe preservation of a ballad tradition that was dying even as Child struggled to record it. His first collection of ballads appeared in eight small volumes (1857-58) in the British Poets series, but he had something far more ambitious in mind: the comprehensive recordation of all known English and Scottish ballads and their American and Canadian variants. That demanded patience in tracking manuscripts across continents, judgment in interpreting and clarifying textual discrepancies, and persistence in dealing with collectors ranging from the high-born Lord Rosebery to the eccentric Devon clergyman Sabine Baring-Gould http://harvardmagazine.com/2006/05/francis-james-child.html 2/3 5/26/2016 Harvard Magazine In all, Child collected 305 ballads, ultimately published in five volumes (1882-98), including "Lord Randall," "Sir Patrick Spens," and a good three dozen variations on the adventures of Robin Hood. Some, like "Barbara Allen," had been in print for generations and were sung from London to Appalachia. Others, like "Thomas the Rhymer" or "Tam Lin," evoke a world of magic that survived outside the written record for centuries. Child's enthusiasm and erudition shine throughout his systematic attempt to set the British ballad tradition in context with others, whether Danish, Serbian, or Turkish. He made no attempt to conceal or apologize for the sexuality, theatrical violence, and ill-concealed paganism of many ballads, but it is characteristic of the man that in his introduction to "Hugh of Lincoln," an ancient work about the purported murder of a Christian child by a Jew, he wrote, "And these pretended child- murders, with their horrible consequences, are only a part of the persecution which, with all moderation, may be rubricated as the most disgraceful chapter in the history of the human race." Our own period doesn't readily lend itself to an undertaking such as Child's, but the timing was right for him, as for other Victorian obsessives. He could attack a subject thatinstead of being studied half to deathwas in danger of disappearing entirely, with a level of knowledge and self- confidence that eludes our more specialized age. For half a century, scholars and musicologists embraced his collection, but added little to it. Then, in the 1950s, the ballads were taken up as part of the folk-music revival, so that Time magazine, writing about Joan Baez in 1962, would note, "Folkupmanship absolutely requires that a ballad be referred to as Child 12, Child 200, or Child 209 " In succeeding decades, new interpretations have appeared regularly, remarkably fresh and original given the ancient sources of the lyrics. Child passed on to subsequent generations of audiences and performers a legacy of scholarship that they have been able to enjoy on their own terms and express in their own fashion. In doing so, he preserved the continuing vitality of the ballad tradition that he loved so much. John Burgess, J.D. '76, is a senior partner in the Boston office of Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr, where he practices corporate and international law. Comments for this thread are now closed. 0 Comments Harvard Magazine Login Recommend Share Sort by Best This discussion has been closed. CONTACT/ABOUT CUSTOMER SERVICE DONOR SERVICES E-NEWSLETTERS ADVERTISE MY ACCOUNT FAQ HARVARD All Content ©1996-2016 Harvard Magazine Inc. All right reserved for Privacy Policy Tube MAGAZINE http://harvardmagazine.com/2006/05/francis-james-child.htm 3/3 AN New York OLD-SCHOOL PROFESSOR. ProQuest 23-Current pg E4 Historical Newspapers: file): The Jul New 1923; York Times (1851-2007) kindie, Musgrave who and Lord Barnard and Glen- Harpit Or milk out out o' stane Or water fish out o' saul water. That baien had malden's breast Out of that never nune. by them. it. He was always The chil. dren knew world he came. FORD says, He and LOWELL,' surrounded Mr. who visited enjoyed us a charming BRAD- bear time was with at Elmwood the last that of one the other children." him, as The much as any AN In The OLD-SCHOOL PROFESSOR "teous childe old friend of this kind, last time LIEL BRADFORD, Atlantic Monthly Mr. Street dome' saw him who he colde was much of cour- wis. souls, ponders a well-known reader GAMA. of whom he with dozen big-eyed on Kirkland JAMES original and delightful one of the of most curious, curls shook had been talling children to CHILD. one men, FRANCIS bulged out of with his emotion, his stories. blue eyes His who ciled made professors of human the few persons tence the Some rest of the world to and their recon- smilingly bear-where is the head. bear? " he Where is the talking to and sternly, as if demanded. he gular, salient, of his contemporaries exis- themselves unstandardized, an- roses, a band wreathed with his A fairy child. the official bear-warden. were imparters liberal education. were in so of fairy favorite always equal of to knowledge, their they weren't if, as In a Stubby lives children in with him even the if in all colleges of successors: fifty and arship world a of arid and jejune the memory bade undergraduate the ritual or years ago impossible great scholar like him schol- seems tween genial human taboo for- is permitted instructor and instructed intercourse be- today. to the wiser youngsters which of The ing on sight his of a man anywhere standardization own feet and careless stand- and in the little is infinitely improving: of there was CHILD was in his col- leges were when colleges, which all contact and an opportunity of prime, beyond observation whose personal Ph. D. that In that of a million theses value is solemn Fanny BOWEN, provincial the Harvard, for the in his cloak: old metaphysician, The physicist, Gay affectionately LOVERING. pupils, who Lothario by his irreverent dubbed bellringer, ments to which gayly old applauded JONES, the experi- spare old SOPHOCLES. added his who trembling the college hand; College time House, with a little tailor spent over all his bridge' the most Intelligent whom he pronounced in nomical old BEN PEIRCE, man in Cam. redeemed and mathematical whose astro- horses: by old his habit of sublimity driving was whom all the JIMMY MILLS fast to see; Piggy actors and actresses PEIRCE, exercise or running about the ath- letic of men, EVERETT. the least came he who could construe asking the occasional yard youth for of 6, used to to repeat. it Horace, is said, whose odes study, birthplace. for Dr. HOLMES'S the old gambrel-roof at house, the age and some a glass of sherry and an hour of ETT'S library remark on EDWARD biscuit EVER. SIBLEY with his skull-cap old JOHN LANGDON 7/1/12 per the most blustering in the library, and the his tem. old election generous of men, who kindest, treasure sermon more than loved an FISKE. who of bihliography old any other at Karl's. would take his glass of JOHN anathema to thereby making beer CEY WRIGHT. the powers: old himself and guilty metaphysical and CHAUN. Nation-Ivl of complicity in Mr. GODKIN'S thirsty. But Stubby race they were! man He came from was one of the There Good was He CHILD! angel shaved some fairy strath. People days the him in his sleep. Some appear. five If minutes for a professor that you waited good old rule prevailed In those a permitted he " didn't turn up, to waited for Stubby.' Hall the expectant the top of University cut. Somewhere you in had with period his of waiting he was At 4:99 of the marker knows of son'e oldsters he locks. In the time fairy smile. his fairy sure to appear, oric and why:-Boylston Oratory. Professor was-God of he ored had of to either of those He was great not enam. Rhet- did it. correct the arts, but world strokes still. One can see his themes." blue-penciled He quoted COLERIDGE As an or undergraduate you other " bigwig. You RUSKIN or some thing yourself just can say the same ably He better," said the as azure well and critic. prob- HAMILTON gave on the theory of Sir " metaphysical moonshine, something or other, WILLIAM some " or You the haven't looked into as Sir the subject. well as subject: I do." but you know WILLIAM that him, Stubby." What You joy couldn't fool as submitting an amiable. philosophical it was to see ing mogul to the visit of some anarchist, ADAMS sent by the Overseers! examin- consented to Stubby more smiled averse to regulation. himself wasn't HENRY own opinion. anecdotes: He but he wearily, had his lish was thought that anything that marker students in the world. was He the thought hardest a to raise eminent class he the degrees of certain soft." To save in Eng- edge by 10 his estimation of was their persuaded had worked per like cent.; and yet each knowl- man own liked to work for a him-and dog-for everybody Stubby opinion, squirted like had, in his got geyser Chaucer SPENSER that is there out is. the The best edition of tence. His a monument of his Six Text memorial a noble and Scot- tish balladry work is on English and persis- used to say of that American scholarship. enduring He deal a good easier deal than SHAKESPEARE. CHAUCER was a good jority of in that, since There is to the readers of the latter the ma- has ever and Jacobean great words. many Eliza. bethan meaning of a made in the distinctions which time has are deaf that charmed been under the influence Who that he explored world of balladry of of Oh, that unspeakable can rid himself, magic: if he would, which And they they rade on and farther And the knee waded through rivers on, aboon they saw When But they heard neither the roaring sun nor of moon. the Robin Hood you and saw Little Stubby John and you Little sea. saw Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further The Scholar-Friends: Francis James Child and James Russell Lowell The double signing of the following pages calls for explanation. 'The Scholar-Friends' in an earlier form was prepared by me with the intention of making Francis James Child, through bis letters to James Russell Lowell, better known not so much to specialists in English scholarship as to the literate 'general reader.' Lowell's qualities as a letter-writer were already so familiar through the abundant publication of bis correspondence that rela- tively few of his letters to Child seemed essential to my immediate purpose. When this paper, in its shorter form, was submitted to Mr G. W. Cottrell, editor of the HARVARD LIBRARY BULLETIN, for publication in that journal, a question of editing arose. Should the paper be extended, as be suggested, by introducing more of Lowell's letters than I bad included? There were good reasons for pursuing this course, especially on the ground that it would link the friendship of the two men more closely with their scholarship. From the considerable task of enlargement and rearrangement I should my- self have shrunk; but, if a younger band and eye stood ready to undertake it, why indeed should it not be done? With industry and skill Mr Cottrell has performed this task. He has not edited the first person singular out of the opening pages setting forth my initial part in the enterprise. Else- where be has blended bis words happily with my own. He and 1 are equally willing to accept the consequences of this collaboration. M. A. DeW. H. OWN through the ages letters have been the great pre- D servative of personality. The man who writes them can- not help revealing himself. Nor does it stop there. The tone and spirit of his letters vary with the natures of the friends to whom he is writing, and, though of course less obviously, the personality of each friend is suggested if not actually revealed. The pages that follow speak, with this reciprocal illumination, for the friendship of two Harvard scholars, Francis James Child and James Russell Lowell. Lowell's eminent place among English letter-writers has long been established, through the printing of large numbers of his letters to his friends and to his daughter. Not so with Child. Only one small collection of Child's letters, A Scholar's Letters to a Young Lady, issued in 1920 in a limited edition, has shown the quality of his correspondence. 135 Harvard Library Bulletin v015#2 (1951):135-158- The Scholar-Friends: Francis James Child and James Russell Lowell (Continued) In 1872 Lowell, 'grown learned (after a fashion) and dull,' as he put it, 17 from sixteen years of teaching, sought refreshment of spirit in extended travel abroad. Failing to secure a leave of absence, and provided with independent means through the sale of most of the Elmwood estate, he simply resigned his professorship (to take it up again, however, in 1874). The following note may reflect this radical step, though he did not sail for England (with Mrs Lowell) until July. Elmwood, 23" Jan, 1872. Carissimo mio Ciarli, I enclose my subscription to Chaucer's Society for the year, with best love to him & you, rejoicing to find that you have survived Mrs J. W. Howe. What geese they are with their Harvard College! I am just off for Boston with Mabel to have our photographs taken under supervision of Rowse. affectionately always J.R.L. Writing from Berne in July 1873, Lowell, after referring specifi- cally to his resignation, alludes to some difficulty, now obscure, re- garding Child's own status. The 'fire' must be the great Boston Fire of November 1872. The passage relating to Lowell's visit to Oxford in June 1873, when he received the honorary degree of B. C. L., is not his only account of this experience. With a special felicity it is de- scribed in a letter to Henry Adams bearing the outward semblance of prose but in reality a lively specimen of Lowell's ingenious rhyming.18 18 From this time on for several years, and particularly during Lowell's sojourns abroad, balladry plays a conspicuous role in the correspond- ence. Child by now, and partly under the stimulus of Gruntvig's interest and encouragement, was fairly embarked upon the detailed "In a letter to Jane Norton, 17 February 1872 (Letters of James Russell Lowell, II, 282). 18 See New Letters of James Russell Lowell, pp. 198-201. 304 Harvard Library Bolletin vol. 5. (1951). Pt. 2.Pp.304f. REPORT OF THE COUNCIL. SINCE the Annual Meeting of May 13, 1896, the Academy has lost by death seventeen members : -four Resident Fellows, Thomas Tracy Bouvé, Francis James Child, Benjamin Apthorp Gould, and Francis Amasa Walker; five Associate Fellows, George Brown Goode, Atticus Green Haygood, Matthew Carey Lea, Henry Newell Martin, and Hubert Anson Newton; and nine Foreign Honorary Members, Heinrich Ernst Beyrich, Ernst Curtius, Emil Heinrich Du-Bois Reymond, Hugo Glydén, Friedrich August Kekulé, Baron Ferdinand von Mueller, Jules Simon, James Joseph Sylvester, and Karl Weierstrass. FRANCIS JAMES CHILD. by FRANCIS JAMES CHILD was born in Boston, on the 1st of February, Charkes 1825. His father was a sailmaker, one of that class of intelligent and independent mechanics which has had a large share in determining the character of our democratic community, as of old the same class had in Athens and in Florence. The boy was the youngest of five brothers and sisters. He was sent to the public schools. His unusual capacities were early displayed. He stood first in his classes, and was a favorite with his schoolfellows. At the English High School he won all the prizes, and having by chance attracted the attention of our venerable fellow citizen, Mr. Epes S. Dixwell, then the Master of the Latin School, his father was Thanks induced, at Mr. Dixwell's suggestion, to allow him to proceed to the Latin School, that he might continue his studies and be prepared for entrance to college. He speedily caught up with the boys who had already made progress in the study of Greek and Latin, and soon took the first place here, as he had done in the schools which he had previously attended. The sweetness of his disposition, the pleasant mingling in his nature of gay spirits and serious purpose, his high principles, his unaffected modesty won the affection of his teachers and of his comrades. His superiority in Proc. of the American Academy of Arts Sciences 32, # (1897):333-339 334 FRANCIS JAMES CHILD. his classes was so unmingled with pretension or conceit, that it was ad- mitted without question or envy. Mr. Dixwell became strongly attached to him, and, in view of the great promise of his talents and his character, secured the means for his support in college, which he entered in the autumn of 1842.* Harvard was then still a comparatively small institu- tion, with no claims to the title of University but she had her traditions of good learning as an inspiration for the studious youth, and still better she had teachers who were examples of devotion to intellectual pursuits, and who cared for those ends the attainment of which makes life worth living. Josiah Quincy was approaching the close of his term of service as President of the College, and stood before the eyes of the students as the type of a great public servant, embodying the spirit of patriotism, of integrity, and of fidelity in the discharge of whatever duty he might be called to perform. Among the Professors were Walker, Felton, Peirce, Channing, Beck, and Longfellow, men of utmost variety of temperament, but each an instructor who secured the respect no less than the gratitude of his pupils. The Class to which Child belonged numbered hardly over sixty. The prescribed course of study which was then the rule brought all the mem- bers of the Class together in recitations and lectures, and every man soon knew the relative standing of each of his fellows. Child at co took the lead and kept it. His excellence was not confined to any one special branch of study, he was equally superior in all. He was the best in the classics, he was Peirce's favorite in mathematics, he wrote better Eng- lish than any of his classmates. His intellectual interests were wider than theirs, he was a great reader and his tastes in reading were mature. He read for amusement as well as for learning, but he did not waste his time or dissipate his mental energies over worthless or pernicious books. He made good use of the social no less than of the intellectual oppor- tunities which college life affords, and became as great a favorite with his classmates as he had been with his schoolfellows. The close of his college course was marked by the exceptional distinc- tion of his being chosen by his classmates as their Orator, and by his having the first part at Commencement as the highest scholar in the Class. His Class Oration was remarkable for its maturity of thought and of style. Its manliness of spirit, its simple directness of presentation The pecuniary debt thus incurred was afterwards paid with interest. But though only thus could Mr. Child's spirit of independence be satisfied, he cherished through life the most grateful affection for the friend who had thus served him. FRANCIS JAMES CHILD. 335 of the true objects of life, and of the motives by which the educated man, whatever might be his chosen career, should be inspired, together with the serious and eloquent earnestness with which it was delivered, gave to his discourse peculiar impressiveness and effect.* Immediately upon his graduation he was appointed Tutor in the Col- lege, with duties of instruction in English. To the study of the English language and literature he was led by taste, and his knowledge was already considerable in this wide field, to the cultivation of which the remainder of his life was to be in great part devoted, and in which he was to become an acknowledged master. In 1848 he published his first work, an edition in one volume of " Four Old Plays," all of the sixteenth century, and of interest to the student of the development of the English drama as exhibiting its conditions immediately before its splendid mani- festation in the works of the Elizabethan playwrights. Nothing of the kind had been done previously in America. The volume appealed to but a small class of readers, but, with those who were competent to judge of it, it established the reputation of its editor as a scholar of more than usual competence of learning and sobriety of judgment. In 1851, on the resignation of Professor Channing as Boylston Pro- fessor of Rhetoric, Child was appointed his successor with leave of ab- sence for study in Europe, before assuming the duties of the position. The opportunities which Europe then afforded to the young American scholar were diligently made use of. He obtained the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Gottingen in 1854, and in the autumn of the same year he returned to his work at Harvard. A great part of his time was em- ployed in the teaching of English composition, and the drudgery of cor- recting students' exercises, but he had an indefatigable industry and a steady ardor of learning, and he found time to carry on his own special studies. He undertook the general superintendence of a series of the works of the chief British Poets, and himself prepared for it the edition of Spencer (1855) in five volumes, which for the use of the general reader still remains the best. For the same series he compiled a Col- lection of Ballads in eight volumes, published in 1857-58, which in extent of range, in judgment in selection, and in thoroughness of liter- ary and historical illustration, was far superior to any preceding similar An eminent living graduate of Harvard, who was present on the occasion, having come to Cambridge to take his entrance examination, has said that he re- ceived from that oration his first vivid sense of the dignity of intellectual pursuits, and his first strong impulse to devote himself to them. 336 FRANCIS JAMES CHILD. work. But a more important piece of work, one of original investiga- tion and displaying "wonderful industry, acuteness, and accuracy," was the treatise issued in the Memoirs of our Academy in 1862 under the modest title of "Observations on the Language of Chaucer," t which was followed in 1868 by a Supplement, entitled Observations on the Language of Gower's Confessio Amantis." t " It is difficult at the present day," says Professor Kittredge, " to imagine the state of Chaucer philology at the moment when this paper appeared. Scarcely anything, we may say, was known of Chaucer's grammar and metre in a sure and scientific way. Indeed, the difficulties to be solved had not even been clearly formulated. Mr. Child not only defined the problems, but provided for most of them a solution which the researches of younger scholars have only served to substantiate. He also gave a perfect model of the method proper to such investigations, - a method simple, laborious, and exact." § For many years after this Mr. Child published little, but with steady purpose devoted such leisure as his incessant professional task allowed to the extension of the vast stores of his learning, and to the accumulation of the material for the main work of his life, a complete critical edition of " The English and Scottish Ballads." At length in 1882 appeared the first part of his work. The character of the undertaking was set forth in a prospectus. The popular Ballads existing in the English lan- guage had never been collected into one body ; a large portion of the remains of the ballads was unprinted ; the text of much that was in print was vitiated by editorial changes it was now proposed to publish all in their entirety and their purity ; to include every independent version of every ballad, and to record all important variations of different copies, both printed and manuscript each ballad was to have a proper Preface, and in the case of those ballads which the English have in common with other nations an account was to be given of related traditions. The work was to be completed by a general introduction, a glossary, and in- dexes. The vast scale of this matured design became obvious on the publication of the first part. The large range of the themes of the bal- lads, the immense variety of local, historical, and romantic tradition These are the terms used by Mr. A. J. Ellis, the learned author of the History of English Pronunciation. t Memoirs of the American Academy, New Series, Vol. VIII. pp. 445-502. 1 Ibid., Vol. IX. pp. 265-315. § From the admirable appreciation of Professor Child's character and works in the Atlantic Monthly for December, 1896. FRANCIS JAMES CHILD. 337 exhibited by them, the wide diffusion among the nations of Europe of the legends which many of them embodied, opened a field of investiga- tion of enormous extent, requiring acquaintance alike with many lan- guages and many literatures. The task was one with which only a scholar possessed of exceptional acquisitions could hope to accomplish satisfactorily, and from which even the most industrious might have shrunk. It had hardly a parallel in the variety of learning which it exacted for its due performance, but this was not all it demanded in no less measure fine critical acumen and poetic appreciation, - the gifts of taste and culture as well as of scholarship. Mr. Child possessed them all. " It was my wish," he said, in the Advertisement prefixed to the first part, " not to begin to print The English and Scottish Popular Ballads, until this unrestricted title should be justified by my having at command every valuable copy of every known ballad. What is still lacking is believed to bear no great proportion to what is in hand. Meanwhile the uncertainties of the world forbid a longer delay to publish SO much as has been got together." From year to year the parts followed in rapid succession, - rapid in view of the character of the work, - and in the Advertisement to Part IX., which appeared in the spring of 1894, Mr. Child had the satisfaction of saying that, to the extent of his knowledge of sources the collection was complete, with the exception of a single ballad, which is probably a variety of one or another here given in several forms." Such had been the extraordinary success of his research, in which he had been aided by many English and foreign scholars glad to assist in the perfecting of a work which was of interest to them in itself, and which roused their admiration by the manner in which it was executed. The body of the work was complete but one more part was needed, to contain a general Introduction, a Glossary, and Indexes. In spite of failing health Mr. Child set himself resolutely to the drudgery involved in this task. To the last month of his life he labored steadily, but with a sense of weariness to which he had been unused. With the exception of the Introduction the task was mainly accomplished, and the work was left in such condition that it could be taken up and carried through by the most competent hands next to Mr. Child's own, those of his disciple, assistant, and friend, Professor Kittredge. The year 1895-96 completed the fiftieth year of Mr. Child's service in the University. It was a matter of satisfaction to him that during its course he had been able, in spite of physical infirmity, to meet his classes without the omission of a single lecture. The College year ended in VOL. XXXII. - 22 338 FRANCIS JAMES CHILD. June. He took no vacation, but busied himself in his study, and found pleasure in his garden of roses. In August he became seriously ill, and on the 11th of September he died. Mr. Child's fame as a scholar is secure. His work is so done that it can never be superseded. But to those who had the happiness of in- timacy with him, his learning and all that he accomplished seem but as secondary and accessory to the essential qualities of his character and his manner of life. The sedentary nature of his occupations, and their nar- row material confines within the limits of a University helped to preserve the strongly marked and altogether delightful originality of his nature from the pressure and attrition of the world, which speedily wear down the marks of distinctive individuality and shape the mass of men into a general dull uniformity. He had a most sympathetic and tender heart, so easily touched that its impulses might sometimes have overcome the restraint of good judgment, had they not been encountered by his keen, kindly, and lively humor, which, while it generally saved him from senti- mental extravagances, yet became often the inciter and ally of his liberal sympathies. His charity might be abused, but his pity included even the most open of impostors, and, taking a humorous enjoyment in the suc- cess of deceits practiced upon himself, he chose rather to aid the unde- serving than to let a single deserving needy man go by unhelped. The same liberality of disposition was manifest in his relations to all whom he could assist in literary or scholarly work. He made a friend of every young scholar who sought from him advice or direction, and gave his time willingly to serve interests not his own. He could be merciless with pretenders, but he was marvellously patient with unpre- tending and innocent incompetence. With the highest sense of the duties and the privileges of his calling, he did not regard them as exempting him from the discharge of the com- mon duties of a citizen. He did not bury himself in his books, and he had nothing of the indifference of a recluse to the affairs of the commu- nity in which he lived. His feelings were strong and his judgment was sound in regard to the matters affecting public interests. His opinions carried weight, for they were based on principles and maintained with clear intelligence and ready wit. If roused by argument, no one was his match in the flash of wit and the play of humor. He took the part of a good citizen in local politics; he was for many years an active member and officer in local charities, and he served his term as a member of the School Committee. At the time of the civil war he threw himself with ardor into the service of the cause to which so many of the youth of Har- FRANCIS JAMES CHILD. 339 vard, dear to him, were devoting themselves. He cherished with pecu- liar tenderness the memory of those who fell in the war. He was the main promoter of the two precious volumes of Harvard Memorial Biogra- phies; and on the walls of his study, always before his eyes, close by the portraits of his old masters in learning, the brothers Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm, were those of his young heroic friends, the brothers Charles and James Lowell. His fidelity in the discharge of the exacting duties of his professorship was complete. For far too many years far too much of his time was occupied in the correction of students' themes. He never shirked this wearisome drudgery. No teacher was ever more exacting of himself in the discharge of his regular duties. In the later years of his life, when he suffered much from gout and rheumatism, he did not allow pain or de- pression of spirits to interfere with the regular discharge of his task as instructor. Even the dullest and most careless undergraduate could hardly fail to be quickened and improved by such teaching as Mr. Child's. Here was a master of most accurate and extensive learning, a scholar of unwearied diligence and exact method, with the faculties and sympathies which enabled him to impart his learning to his pupils, and to inspire in the more capable among them something of his own enthusiasm for the best GBD in literature and life. too It is impossible not to regret that Mr. Child should not have done So more independent literary work. The several introductions to the Bal- lads in his great collection, excellent as they are in their kind, very seldom afford him free space for the display of his own genius; but they abound in touches which light up the page with gleams of fancy or of humor, and more rarely with a flash of poetic imagination that reveals the restraint which the editor had imposed upon himself. His style when at freedom was of the best, - for it was the simple expression of the man himself. Original, quaint, humorous, sweet, sympathetic, tender-hearted, faith- ful, - these are the terms which first come to mind in describing him the traits that these terms imply included all his intelligence, gave char- acter to his work, and made his learning the least part of him. Those who knew him best think of him mainly as one who had the gift of love. He was a lover of nature, of poetry, of roses, of all that was fair and sweet and good above all he was a lover of his fellow men. When he died the world lost much more than one of its great scholars. C. E. NORTON. HOLLIS Page 1 of 1 Results 1 - 23 of 23 for Harvard College (1780-). Class of 1874. (author) A Your query: Harvard College (1780-). Class of 1874. (author) 1. Baccalaureate sermon, and oration and poem. Class of 1874. Harvard College (1780-). Class of 1874. Book Cambridge, Press of J. Wilson and Son, 1874. 2. Class Album. Class of 1874. Harvard College (1780-). Class of 1874. Image 3. Class Album. Class of 1874. Harvard College (1780-). Class of 1874. Image 4. Class Album. Class of 1874. Harvard College (1780-). Class of 1874. Image 5. Class Album. [duplicate] Class of 1874. Notman, William. Image 6. Eighth report of the class secretary / Harvard College (1780-). Class of 1874. Book Boston Geo. H. Ellis, 1904. Available Online via Google Book Search 7. Eleventh report / Harvard College (1780-). Class of 1874. Book Boston : Plimpton Press, 1924. 8. Fifteenth report / Harvard College (1780-). 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Print record HOLLIS number 007517113 E-mail record Link to this record http://discovery.lib.harvard.edu//?itemid=%7clibrary%2fm Add record to list 2faleph%7c007517113 Have feedback? Harvard University Archives Harvard University Archives HUD 274.704 This item may be available to use inside the library, but non-circulating. If the item is part of a series, HOLLIS may provide availability information under the alternate title. Check the shelves, or contact Harvard University Archives for more information. HOLLIS E-RESEARCH CITATION INTERLIBRARY LIBRARIES & HARVARD CLASSIC (ARTICLES) LINKER LOAN HOURS LIBRARIES http://discovery.lib.harvard.edu/default.ashx?c_over=1& 3/4/2010 Bachelors of Arts Harvard University 1874 Graduates Page 1 of 7 Find My Surnames Surname Search, read, and print slave n. Site Name I Keyword Sites with Data Search for Ancestors Surname Registry Bachelors of Arts Check our Surname Registry for your surnames. Add your Harvard University surnames to connect with others Class of 1874 researching the same lines. Visit Surname Registry Directory of Sites From 1826 - 1887 inclusive, (1) - (10) indicate the first ten scholars. From 1872 to 1879 inclusive there were two grades of distinction at graduation, Genealogy Archives Wills, biographies, obituaries, summa cum laude (sum) and cum laude (c.l.). Di death notices, funeral cards, James Lloyd Abbot 19 bible records, and any other information with surnames can be a great resource in genealogy William Fitzhale Abbot, c.l.; Class. *N research. Many visitors have Richard Minot Allen 19 contributed to Genealogy Archive. Eugene Nelson Aston, c.l. 18 Search the Archives Francis Eaton Babcock *N Walter Baker; S.T.B. Episc. Theol. S. 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Grant, formerly Ulysses Simpson Grant; LL.B. *N All Home Decor Columbia 1876 All Baby 'n Kids All Home 'n Family Charles Montraville Green, c.l.; M.D. 1877; Assoc. Prof. *N Obstetr and Clin. Gynecol. 1904 - 1907; Prof. Obstetrics 1907 - 1911; Prof Obstetr. and Genecol. 1911. Juno Internet Service Samuel Blair Griffith; A.B. Allegheny (Pa.) 1873 19 The Genealogy Register Herbert Lee Harding; LL.B. 1876; A.M. 1877 *N dwide George Irwin Haven 18 Genealogy William Duff Haynie; LL.B. Wesleyan (III.) 1876 *N Edward Higginson; LL.B. Cinn. Law S. (O.) 1876 *N Edward Bruce Hill; LL.B. 1876; A.M. 1877 *N Amory Glazier Hodges *N Nathaniel Dana Carlile Hodges, c.l.; Fellow Am. Acad. *N Thomas Miller Honeywell; A.B. Allegheny (Pa.) 1873 *N Adoniram Judson Hopkins *N William David Hunt, 1875 *N Jesse C. Ivy; LL.B. 1876 *N Walter Ingersoll Jones 19 Arthur Monroe Keith, c.l.; LL.B. Boston Univ. 1876 *N Charles Franklin Knowles 18 James Lawrence 19 Frederick Lawton, Hist. *N William Sherman Leland *N Joel Marvin Leonard; S.T.B. Boston Univ. 1877; PhD. Boston *N Univ. 1887; S.T.D. Wesleyan (Conn.) 1902 Frederic Howard Lombard; M.D. 1882 18 James Duane Lowell, 1877; C.E. 1877 *N Herbert Warren Lull *N Frank Lyman; M.E. Columbia 1878 *N Michael John McCann; LL.B. Columbia 1882 19 Gifford Horace Greeley McGrew; A.M. Univ. Cal. 1900; Prof. *N Modern Language, Buchtel (O.) 1877 - 1878; Librarian, Pacific Unit. S. (Cal.) William Gordon McMillan; LL.B. 1876; A.M. 1877 19 William Staples Marston; C. E. 1877 *N William Castein Mason; M.D. 1878 *N Edward Garrald Merriman; LL.B. 1875 *N Henry Ferdinand Merrill, c.l.; Commissioner Chinese Imp. *N Maritime Customs 1877 -; Ord. Double Dragon Second Class (China); Red Button Second Chinese Civil Rank; Director of Chinese Students in U.S. and Eng. 1908 - 1909; Hon. http://surnamesite.com/harvard/harvard1874.htn 4/14/2007 Bachelors of Arts Harvard University 1874 Graduates Page 4 of 7 Councillor Board of Revenue, Korea Henry Childs Merwin *N Ethelbert Smith Mills *N James Jackson Minot; M.D. 1878 *N Eugene Usher Mitchell 18 Henry Lee Morse; M.D. 1878 *N Hosea Ballou Morse, (6); c.l.; Class. (sum.); LL.D. Western *N Reserve (O.) 1913; Commissioner Chinese Imp. Maritime Customs 1896; Ord. Double Dragon Third Division First Class (China) 1903; Red Button Second Chinese Civil Rank 1908 William Lambert Morse 19 Theodore William Moses *N Henry Holbrook Mudge, formerly Henry Sanford Mudge, 1876 19 Richard Cole Newton; M.D. Columbia 1877 *n William Ichabod Nichols, c.l. *N John Parsons, (10); c.l.; Grad Andover Theol. Sem. 1877 *N John Sidney Patton; LL.B. 1877 *N Charles Sherburne Penhallow *N William May Perkins 19 Marshall Livingston Perrin, 1875; A.M. 1876; PH.D. Göttingen *N 1888; Prof. Anglo0Saxon, Boston Univ. 1892 - 1896; Prof Germanic Lang., Boston Univ. 1892 - ; Prof. Sanskrit, Boston Univ. 1909 - Edward Gould Peters; LL.B. Boston Univ. 1879 19 Arthur Howard Pickering 19 William Taggard Piper; A.M. 1881; Ph.D. and A.M. (Philol.) 19 1883 Sylvester Primer, c.l.; Ph.D. Strasburg 1880; Prof. Mod. Lang., 19 Charleston Coll. (S.C.) 880 - 888; Prof. Mod. Lang., Colorado Coll. 1890 - 1891; Assoc. Prof. Mod. Lang., Univ. Texas 1891 - 1899; Assoc. Prof. Germanic Lang., Univ. Texas 1890 - 1912 Frank Eldridge Randall; LL.B. Columbia 1879 *N Nicholas Reed 18 Huntington Richards; M.D. Columbia 1877 *N William Reuben Richards, 1875; LL.B. 1877; A.M. 1878 19 George Carr Richardson *N William Richmond, (1); c.l.; Class. (sum); S.T.B. Gen Theol. *N Sem. (N.Y. 1879 George Riddle 19 Arthur Landon Rives 19 Henry Bellows Roberts; Grad. Andover Theol. Sem. 1878 *N Calvin Proctor Sampson; LL.B. Boston Univ. 1876 *N George Partridge Sanger 19 *N William Cary Sanger; A.M. 1875; Grad. Polytech Inst. Brooklyn http://surnamesite.com/harvard/harvard1874.htm 4/14/2007 Bachelors of Arts Harvard University 1874 Graduates Page 5 of 7 (N.Y.) 1869; LL.B. Columbia 1878; LL.D. Hamilton (N.Y.) 1902 Charles Wesley Savage; LL.B. Boston Univ. 1877 18 Robert William Sawyer *N David Sears *N Edmund Hamilton Sears; A.M. Washington (Mo.) 1897 18 Robert William Sawyer *N David Sears *N Edmund Hamilton Sears; A.M. Washington (Mo.) 1897 *n Theodore Lovett Sewall, (5); c.l.; LL.B. 1876 18 George Clarence Shepard, c.l.; M.D. 1884 *N George Saltonstall Silsbee 19 Edward Simmons, formerly Edward Emerson Simmons *N Robert Alexander Southworth *N William Franklin Spinney; commissioner Chinese Imp. Martime *N Customs; Blue Button Third Chinese Civil Rank; Ord. Double Dragon Third Division First Class (China) Charles Wellington Stone; A.M. 1881 *N Edwin Palmer Stone 19 Frederick Joseph Stone, (8); c.l.; LL.B. Columbia 1876 *N Henry L. Straus; LL.B. Univ. Md. 1876 19 Frederick Swift *N Archibald Dick Thomas 18 Charles Sanders Tuckerman 19 Columbus Tyler Tyler 19 Harry Blake Tyler 19 William Royall Tyler, c.l. 18 Frederick Ozni Vaille *N George Willett Van Nest; LL.B. 1876 *N Edward Wood Walker; M.D. Cincinnati (O.) 1877; Prof. Princ. *N Surgery and Gen. Pathol. and Clin. Surgery, Miami Med. Coll. (O.) William Pearson Warner, 1875 *N Edward Winslow Wellington *N Frank Thaxter Wendell 19 William Asa Wheeler; M.D. Bowd. 1876; M.D. Columbia 1877; 19 Prof. Surgery, Niagara Univ. (Buffalo) 1886 - 1889 George Warner White 18 Edward Lawrence Whitehouse *N George Wigglesworth, (3); c.l.; A.M. 1875; LL.B. 1878; *N Overseer 1909 - Henry Houghton Williams 18 Charles Francis Withington, (4); c.l.; M.D. 1881 *N David Little Withington, c.l.; Phys. and Chem.; LL.B. Boston *N http://surnamesite.com/harvard/harvard1874.htm 4/14/2007 Bachelors of Arts Harvard University 1874 Graduates Page 6 of 7 Univ. 1876 Samuel Bayard Woodward; M.D. 1878 *N John Palmer Wyman; LL.B. 1876 *N Samuel Edwin Wyman, c.l.; Class; M.D. 1879 18 * deceased date not shown *N = No Date of death given and no Deceased date not shown indicated. This book published in 1915 so this could mean the person was still living in 1915. Source: Quinquaennial Catalogue of the Officers and Graduates of Harvard University 1636 - 1915 Cambri Harvard University Press in the Two Hundred and Seventy-Ninth Year of the College 1915. Search New England Early Genealogy Surname: Search Additional Online Resources: Search the Social Security Death Index Free Genealogy Software Search Free Genealogy Message Boards and Queries All Surnames Genealogy Surname Resources Search Mytrees Search for Ancestors Ancestry.com now locates recent obitua Last Name: I Click Site Index Home http://surnamesite.com/harvard/harvard1874.htr 4/14/2007 University Records Dorr George Bucknam (A.B.1874) Ov. Rec. Vol XII On Committee, 461: Vol.XIIION Committee, 10: 447.D: UAII.10.7.1. Dorr, George Bucknam ( A. B 1874) acadomicalsories II ov. 1896 Signed report as Chairman of Committee to Visit the Department of Philosophy. Nov. 1896. Dorr, George Bucknam ( A.B.1874) admitted to the Freshman Class, 176: Matriculated, 245: Privately od monished for absence From recitations, 289 vs iv 1812.1874 Faculty Privately admonished From recitations, 19:176FF throwing Showballs in the College yard, N4: Publisly admonished For alosance From recitations, zovi Privately admonished prayers 212 Warned oF danger of failure in Rhatoric, 2/9: Bowen, Francis, 1811-1890. Correspondence: Guide. Page 1 of 4 bMS Am 972 Bowen, Francis, 1811-1890. Correspondence: Guide. Houghton Library, Harvard College Library (V) Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 C 2002 The President and Fellows of Harvard College Descriptive Summary Repository: Houghton Library, Harvard College Library, Harvard University Location: b Call No.: MS Am 972 Creator: Bowen, Francis, 1811-1890. Title: Correspondence, Date(s): 1724-1909 (inclusive) 1836-1892 (bulk). Quantity: 1 box (.5 linear ft.) Abstract: Correspondence of the American philosopher Francis Bowen. Administrative Information Acquisition Information: *71M-114. Gift of Maria Bowen; received: 1931. Historical Note Francis Bowen was an American philosopher, editor of the North American Review and professor at Harvard. http://oasis.harvard.edu/html/hou00760.html 5/11/2004 FRANCIS BOWEN Page 1 of 2 THE 10101 Search this site with ENCYCLOPEDIA Google Go FRANCIS BOWEN Ads by Google BOWEN, FRANCIS (1811-1890), American philosophical writer and educationalist, was born in Political Forums Charlestown, Massachusetts, on the 8th of Debate the topics of the September 1811. He graduated at Harvard ill 1833, day! Stand up for your taught for two years at Phillips Exeter Academy, and parties views then from 1835 to 1839 was a tutor and instructor at www.ragepipe.com Harvard. After several years of study in Europe, he settled in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and was editor and proprietor of the North American Review from Philosophy 1843 to 1854. In 1850 he was appointed professor of Inspired by Medical history at Harvard; but his appointment was Research. Makeup, disapproved by the board of overseers on account of Skincare & Fragrance. reactionary political opinions he had expressed in a www.sephora.com controversy with Robert Carter (1819-1879) concerning the Hungarian revolution. In 1853 his appointment as Alford professor of natural religion, Harvard Alumni moral philosophy and civil polity was approved, and Search for classmates by he occupied the chair until 1889. In 1876 he was a name, age, location. Get member of the Federal commission appointed to accurate info fast. www.Intelius.com consider currency reform, and wrote (5877) the minority report, in which he opposed the restoration of the double standard and the remonetization of silver. He died in Boston, Massachusetts, on the 22nd of Buy Philosophy Products January 1890. His writings include lives of Sir William Free 3-Day Shipping - 5% Phipps, Baron von Steuben, James Otis and Back Great Selection - Benjamin Lincoln in Jared Sparks Library of American Easy Returns Biography ; Critical Essays on the History and www.drugstore.com Present Condition of Speculative Philosophy (5842); Lowell Lectures on the Application of Metaphysical a- nd Ethical Science to the Evidences of Religion Philosophy Now (1849); The Principles of Political Economy applied to The lively magazine for the Condition, Resources and Institutions of the thinkers everywhere. Try it American People (1856); A Treatise on Logic (1864); today! www.philosophynow.org American Political Economy (1870); Modern Philosophy from Descartes to Schopenhauer and Hartman-n (1877); and Gleanings from a Literary Life, 1838-1880 (1880). http://26.191lencyclopedia.org/B/BO/BOWEN_FRANCIS.htm 5/11/2004 Haward University Department of Philosophy: Philosophy Prizes Page 1 of 2 Harvard University Department of Philosophy Home Philosophy Prizes About the Department Below are listed four annual prizes in philosophy for which both Harvard undergraduate and graduate students may compete. Programs Further information about these prizes may be obtained at the Department of Philosophy's office. All descriptions are taken from the Faculty of Arts & Sciences Office of the Secretary's Web page. Courses People George Plimpton Adams Prize From the fund established in 1974 for the Department of Philosophy by Beatrice Carrier Colloquia Seegal, in memory of Professor George Plimpton Adams, who guided her philosophy studies at the University of California, a prize will be awarded to a College or Graduate School of Arts and Sciences student submitting a dissertation on a subject designated by the Links Department of Philosophy, preferably in the field of history of philosophy. All senior honors theses and all doctoral dissertations which are eligible under the terms of this prize will be Site Map considered without special application. Bechtel Prize in Philosophy Through the generosity of Edwin De T. Bechtel, a prize will be awarded annually for the best Search essay on a philosophical subject. Any philosophical topic is admissible, as long as it can be treated with little or no use of technical symbols. The prize is open to students registered in Contact Us Harvard College or the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. It will be "awarded by a Committee of the Department of Philosophy, if the Committee unanimously determines that it is a work of merit, fully deserving the award of the Prize." Essays must not exceed 10,000 words and must be submitted at Emerson 209a. Francis Bowen Prize The Francis Bowen Prize was established in 1938 by a bequest from Miss Maria Bowen, as a memorial to her father, who held the Alford professorship of Natural Religion, Moral Philosophy, and Civil Polity from 1853 to 1889. The prize will be conferred annually for the best essay upon a subject in moral or political philosophy, and is open to students registered in Harvard College or in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. Essays must not exceed 10,000 words in length, and must be delivered to Emerson Hall 209a. http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~phildept/philosophy_prizes.html 8/5/2007 James Mark Baldwin Page 1 of 3 James Mark Baldwin, (1861-1934) In 1889 James Mark Baldwin came to Toronto from Princeton to found the first psychological laboratory in the British Empire. The Baldwin appointment created considerable controversy in Toronto. Baldwin was a proponent of the "new" experimental psychology emanating from Germany, especially the laboratory of Wilhelm Wundt at Liepzig. Torontonians of the late 1880's harbored strong nativist tendencies and did not want an outsider teaching in Toronto. In addition, many in the academic community held to an idealist philosophy and refused to accept Baldwin's "materialistic," "elemental" view of mental life. Baldwin won the appointment with the help of President Sir Daniel Wilson. He was made professor of Logic, Metaphysics and Ethics in the philosophy department. To the chagrin of his opponents, Baldwin soon Balan became a popular professor on campus. Misfortune, however, delayed Baldwin's grand plans to establish a psychological laboratory at U of T. A month after his inaugural lecture (given to the public, students, and faculty), a fire destroyed University College. In the two years that followed, Baldwin received funding to establish a new laboratory. The university provided four rooms on the second floor of the West wing of the restored University College building. In 1893, with the laboratory well established, Baldwin left U of T for a higher paying position at Princeton. Hoff, (1992); Myers, (1982). In the 1890's Baldwin emerged as a leading figure in experimental psychology. He was a founding member of the American Psychological Association in 1892 and the sixth President of the APA in 1897. In 1893, Baldwin organized the psychology exhibit at the World's Columbian Exposition at Chicago. His landmark work on mental development in children (Baldwin, 1895b) included, for the first time in psychology, experiments with children (namely, his own daughter Elizabeth). Baldwin was one of the first experimental psychologists to apply Darwin's theory of evolution to his theories of development, (Murray, 1988). In 1902, he published the Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, which contained contributions from the leading figures in psychology and philosophy at the turn of the century. In the Literature: Baldwin, J. M. (1887). Postulates of Physiological Psychology. Presbyterian Review, 8, 427-440. Baldwin, J. M. (1889a). Handbook of Psychology: Senses and Intellect. New York: Henry Holt & Co. Baldwin, J. M. (1889b). The Idealism of Spinoza. Presbyterian Review, 10, 64-76. Baldwin, J. M. (1890a). Philosophy Its Relation to Life and Education, Inaugural Address. Toronto: University Of Toronto Press. Baldwin, J. M. (1890b). New Work In Psychology, University of Toronto Quarterly, 1, 70-97. Baldwin, J. M. (1890c). Psychology at the University of Toronto, American Journal of Psychology, 3, 285-286. Baldwin, J. M. (1890d). Origin of Right or Left Handedness, Science, 16, 247-248. http://www.psych.utoronto.ca/museum/baldwin.htm 1/24/2014 James Mark Baldwin Page 2 of 3 Baldwin, J. M. (1891a). Notes. American Journal of Psychology, 3, 593. Baldwin, J. M. (1891b). Handbook of Psychology: Feelings and Will. New York: Henry Holt & Co. Baldwin, J. M. (1891c). Suggestion in Infancy. Science, 17, 113-117. Baldwin J. M. (1892a). The Psychology Laboratory at the University of Toronto. Science, 19, 143-144. Baldwin, J. M. (1892b). Suggestion and Will. In International Congress of Experimental Psychology, Second Session, London, 1892 (pp. 49-56). London: Williams and Norgate. Baldwin, J. M. (1892c). Origin of Volition in Childhood, Science, 20, 286-287. Baldwin, J. M. (1893). New Questions in Mental Chronometry, Medical Record, (N.Y.), 47, 455-456. Baldwin, J. M. (1894). Imitation: A Chapter in the Natural History of Consciousness. Mind, 3, 25-55. Baldwin, J. M. (1895a). Types of Reaction. Psychological Review, 2, 259-273. Baldwin, J. M. (1895b). Mental Development in the Child and the Race: Methods and Processes. New York: Macmillan & Co. Baldwin, J, M. (1895). Memory for Square Size, Psychological Review, 2, 236-239. Baldwin, J. M. (1896). The Type Theory of Reaction. Mind, n.s. 1, 81-90. Baldwin, J. M. (1926). Between Two Wars: 1861-1921 (2 vols.) Boston: Stratford Co. Baldwin, J. M. (1930). James Mark Baldwin. In C. Murchison (Ed.). A History Of Psychology in Autobiography (vol. 1.) New York: Rinehart & Winston. Hoff, Tory L. (1992). Psychology in Canada One Hundred years Ago: James Mark Baldwin at the University Of Toronto. Canadian Psychology, 33: 683-694. Murray, D. (1988). A History of Western Psychology, 2nd edition. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Myers, C. R. (1982). Psychology at Toronto. In M. J. Wright & C. R. Myers (eds.) A History Of Academic Psychology in Canada (pp. 68-99) Toronto: C. F. Hogrefe. UTMuSI Brass Instrument Psychology Home UTMuSI Home http://www.psych.utoronto.ca/museum/baldwin.htm 1/24/2014 Harvard College (1780-). Class of 1873. Class album of James Laurence Laughlin: an i Page 1 of 6 HUD 273.704.9 Harvard College (1780-). Class of 1873. Class album of James Laurence Laughlin: an inventory TAS Harvard University ©President and Fellows of Harvard College, 2013 Descriptive Summary Repository: Harvard University Archives Call No.: HUD 273.704.9 Creator: Harvard College (1780-). Class of 1873. Title: Harvard College Class of 1873 class album of James Laurence Laughlin, 1873. Quantity: 2 boxes. Abstract: This class album is part of a series of Harvard class photograph albums, which may be considered the nineteenth-century counterpart to yearbooks. This volume contains photographs of instructors and administrators, class members, the campus and environs, and individuals who drew the notice of the album's compiler, James Laurence Laughlin. Acquisition Information: Accession 13020; gift of June Carter, 1994 December 19. Conditions on Use and Access: The fragility of the class album may limit access or impose handling restrictions. Last Update to Inventory: This document last updated 2013 February 28. Historical Note These volumes are part of a series of Harvard class albums, which may be considered the nineteenth-century counterpart to yearbooks. Individual students compiled their own albums. This album belonged to James Laurence Laughlin, a class member who went on to http://oasis.lib.harvard.edu/oasis/deliver/xslTransform;jsessionid=BE3C8CD6DA4B497B... 12/2/2013 HOLLIS Page 1 of 1 Search & Find HOLLIS HOLLIS Classic Citation Linker Get It Find a Library Hours My Accounts / Renew Tell Us Text-Only / Accessible Version My Discoveries [TRIAL] Help Ask a Librarian / Requests My HOLLIS Account / Renew author: "Harvard College(1780 uery HOLLIS feedback Authors: Harvard College (1780-). Class of 1874. Title: Class Album. Class of 1874. Description: 1 V. Other title: Title from shelflist: Class Album. Subject: Harvard University -- Photographs. Harvard College (1780-). Class of 1874 -- Photographs. Form/Genre: Photograph albums. HOLLIS number: 007517113 MARC HOLLIS Classic Link to this record: http://hollis.harvard.edu/?itemid=|library/m/aleph|007517113 Harvard University Archives HUD 274.704 This item may be available to use inside the library, but non-circulating. If the item is part of a series, HOLLIS may provide availability information under the alternate title. Check the shelves, or contact Harvard University Archives for more information. © 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College I Harvard home http://hollis.harvard.edu/default.ashx?c_over=1&q=Harvard%20College.%20cLASS. 12/2/2013 Alumni to Honor Harvard's President. New York Times 1857-Current file); May 20, 1894; ProQuest Historical Newspapers The New York Times pg.1 Alumni to Honor Harvard's President. BOSTON, May 19.-Twenty-five years ago to- day Charles W. Ellot became President of Har- vard University. When he assum : charge, there were 563 students in the college and 1,097 in the university as a whole; now there are 1,655 and 3,302 respectively. To keep pace with this in- crease there has been a great development in the corps of instruction. Now there are 322 pro- fessors, assistant professors, instructors, and tutors on the rolls of the university; then there were only 87. Then $270,000 a year paid Har- vard's expenses; this year it takes over $1,000,- 000. Dr. Eliot's anniversary will be noticed by the alumni of the past quarter century, who have raised $2,000 for the purchase of a gold medal which will be given Dr. Eliot at the commence- ment dinner June 27. More Time for Prendergant. CHICAGO. May 19.-Patrick Eugene Prender- gast, murderer of Carter Harrison, will get an- other continuance, probably for ten days or two weeks, when he appears in court Monday for trial as to his sanity. A continuance will be asked for by his attorneys on the ground that they are employed in other cases. and will be en- gaged some time to come, and the State will en- ter no objection. CONDENSED CABLEGRAMS. ROME. May .-The Chamber will begin con- sidering Finance Minister Sonnino's nnancial projects on Monday. Sonnino informed several Deputies to-day that he should adhere infexibly to his programme, not even abandoning his pro- posal to reduce the Interest on the rente. Copenhagen, May 19.-The British steamship Horton, from Nava for Zaandam, put in here to-day. She was slightly damaged in a collision with the German briz. Emma Beug. from Ham- burg for Koka. The Emma Beug sank, and four of her crew were drowned. Berlin, May 19.-The dock laborers' strike at Stettin has been terminated by mutual conces- sions, and the men have returned to work. Paris, May 19.-The police have discovered a plot to explode of bomb in the building in which the guillotine is stared. St. Petersburz. May 19.-The commercial treaty between Austria and Russia has been formally ratified. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without permission House (Edward of Ryder and Harris, In the nineteenth Harvard dormitories, this one on achusetts Avenue, filled Square. 1870-14 LA fourth dormitory, Holyoke House, located just across Massachusetts Avenue and therefore outside the Yard, was an integral part of this cam- paign of dormitory construction. Built during the first year of the new administration, it was demolished almost a century later, in 1961, to make way for Holyoke Center. Holyoke House was also designed by Edward Harris, architect for Thayer Hall. Like College House, the older university dormitory on Harvard Square, Holyoke House was provided with stores in the ground story; space at the rear was reserved for a public restaurant (fig. 49). On the floors above were suites, each consisting of a study, two bedrooms, and a bath. Though the public areas (stores, stair halls, and corridors) had central heat, each suite was dependent on its own coal grate. The use of a mansard roof on Holyoke House was prompted as much by economy as by fashion: it was cheaper to construct a wooden roof covered with slate than to carry up masonry walls for another story. The design had a certain public role to play because it faced Massachusetts Avenue, and for many years the stores on the ground floor set a standard of magnificence to which still-provincial Cambridge was quite unaccustomed. These four dormitories, totally different in appearance yet erected witKin the space of three years, illustrate the architectural inconsistency of the Eliot administra- tion and of America itself in these years. Dormitory building drew attention to sanitation problems in the Yard and to a need for improvements now that the city provided a water main and a sewer line along Massachusetts Avenue. But the change from eigh- teenth-century hand pumps and privies to modern plumbing came slowly. The first dormitory to be equipped with cold running water was Grays Hall (1862), but it had no inside toilets. "Water-trough privies," according to the President's Report of 1870, were first installed in the south basement Notz: Altered 1873, 1876, 1909. Demolished 1961. 6,0 President Eliot and the Harvard Yard ADOLESCENTUR * 1770 THE INSTITUTE OF 1770. THE SPEAKING CLUB. - ITS OBJECTS. - EARLY MEMBERS. - THE MERCURIAN CLUB. - PATRIOTIC ASSOCIATION. - THE SOCIAL FRATERNITY. - HERMETICK SOCIETY. - - THE INSTI- TUTE OF 1770. - THE I. O. H. - SELECTION OF MEMBERS. THE LIBRARY. - ROOMS. THE times were necding strong words from young Americans when Samuel Phillips, John Warren, and the rest of the Class of 1771 began their Senior year; while the College authorities, as these students remarked, in language not wholly strange to later generations, showed "a cold indifference to the practice of Ora- tory." What was called the "Speaking Club" was therefore organized, with Phillips, later Lieutenant-Governor of the State, as President, and with a Secre- tary who kept remarkably full and accurate records, happily still preserved, of these first meetings. It was voted "that there be a stage to perform on, four feet Diameter, not more than two Feet high, with the front Corners clipt and upon the stage thus made and "clipt" Orations and Essays on the profoundest themes were "performed" with great regularity. Warren spoke on " The Beauty of the Heavenly Bodies"; Avery, on "The Odiousness of Envy' and Thomas, on "The Pernicious Habit of drinking Tea ": each of which performances the Record describes as " ejus compositionem." It was early voted also "that no member shall speak in Latin without special leave from the President"; and "that the Secretary provide candles." Founded in this very earnest and business-like way, the Society throve and en- dured, and numbered among its members in these early days such men as Chris- topher Gore, Rufus King, James Freeman, Henry Warc, and John Quincy Adams. Other societies, with a kindred purpose, appeared from time to time by its side, and each in its turn was merged in the older organization. In 1773 it is written that, " Having had intelligence that there is an honourable Club in College, known by the name of the Mercurian Club, founded in 1771 by Fisher Ames" and others, and "that these worthy Founders went upon the same noble principle in founding their Club which is set forth in our Preamble," - therefore the two clubs were united with great formality under the old name of The Speaking Club. 342 THE INSTITUTE OF 1770. During the years 1778- the records are wanting, but there is a tradition that the Society was maintained in secret by the Senior classes. Throughout this early history there was much taking of oaths not to disclose the secret of the Society, or even that there is such an one subsisting." This secret appears to have been the fact that the Society was organized for the practice of oratory; and in 1801 it seems to have occurred to the members that the name "Speak- ing Club" might suggest the mysterious purpose of their meetings. "Being actuated," as they write, "by the benevolent purpose to transmit this inviolable secret unimpaired as a blessing to posterity," they changed the dangerous name to that of Patriotic Association." It subsequently assumed the name of "The Social Fraternity of 1770." In 1825 two more of its rivals, the 'Hermetick So- ciety" and the combined with the "Social Fraternity," and the enlarged Society took the name of "The Institute of 1770." Still later, in 1848, the I. O. H., another club of the same nature, followed the lead of its fellows and surrendered to the Institute. leaving it alone in its field until a few years since. In 1837 the seal was designed by Rev. Samuel Longfellow, then in his Sophomore year. The Institute was originally a Senior society. In 1781, "the Senior Members, being obliged to pay a more strict attention to their Collegiate Exercises than the Duties of this Club would permit," resigned it to the Junior class. Later, by slow processes of degeneration, Sophomores, and even promising Freshmen, were admitted. Tradition has at last hallowed the maintenance of the Society by Sophomores choosing at the end of their year ten Freshmen who in turn elect their classmates. As carly as 1782 a Valedictory Oration was made a regular annual custom, and it is still continued, with the addition of a Poem. The library of the So- ciety has always been much used, has grown to bc of very considerable value, and receives additions from the fund of each class at the end of its year of active membership. It was kept at No. 2 Holworthy Hall, which room was occu- pied free of rent by the Librarian, who was elected at the end of his Sophomore year, and held the office during his Junior year. The Society has held its meetings, in the rooms of its members, in Nos. 17 and 19 Massachusetts Hall and in the lower and upper stories of the same building, until in 1873, when the present rooms in Holyoke House, to which the library has been transferred, were obtained and fitted up by the Class of 1875. The Institute thus stands among the older College societies with a marked and creditable distinction. It is the only one whose members, from a distant beginning, have devoted them- selves to the definite purpose of declamation, composition, and debate, and have not lost sight of or neglected this purpose, either from lack of interest in it or from love of more social entertainment. The traditions of the past, the needs of the present, and the inspiration of new competitors, all tend to keep this original purpose alike clear and profitable. Harvard University Library Page Delivery Service The Harvard book : a series of historical, biographical, and descriptiv TAS book : a series of historical, biographical, and descriptive sketches, : Unnumbered page (of pages Go to Page Page sequenc [unnumbered] to 342 in this section) of this section